CN114137602A

CN114137602A - Transverse wave excitation source device and transverse wave excitation method

Info

Publication number: CN114137602A
Application number: CN202111227070.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 韩轶; 周正华; 刘旭进; 章逸
Original assignee: Nanjing Tech University
Current assignee: Nanjing Tech University
Priority date: 2021-10-21
Filing date: 2021-10-21
Publication date: 2022-03-04
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-21
Also published as: CN114137602B

Abstract

The invention provides a transverse wave excitation source device and a transverse wave excitation method, wherein the device comprises a hammering member, an excitation hammer, a disc type electromagnet, a rigid rope, a pressing type lock catch and a rope collecting member; the vibration exciter is used for knocking the hammering member, is positioned on one side of the hammering member and can move along a fixed frame in the X direction; one side of the vibration exciting hammer, which is back to the hammering component, is fixed with a vibration exciting spring which is distributed along the X direction, and one end of the vibration exciting spring, which is far away from the vibration exciting hammer, is fixed on a disc-type electromagnet; the disc type electromagnet is fixed on the fixed frame and is positioned on one side of the exciting hammer, which is opposite to the hammering component; a rigid rope is fixed on one side surface of the vibration exciting hammer, which is back to the hammering component, and the rigid rope sequentially passes through the vibration exciting spring, a rope hole on the disc type electromagnet and a rope hole on the fixed frame and penetrates out of the fixed frame; the rigid rope is provided with a pressing type lock catch for disconnecting the rigid rope. The invention has the advantages of rapid and stable realization of transverse wave excitation, convenient operation and convenient carrying for field operation.

Description

Transverse wave excitation source device and transverse wave excitation method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of physical exploration, and particularly relates to a transverse wave excitation source device and a transverse wave excitation method.

Background

The seismic waves are classified into two categories, namely longitudinal waves and transverse waves, wherein the longitudinal waves refer to compression waves, namely the vibration direction of protons is consistent with the propagation direction; shear waves are shear waves, i.e. the direction of vibration of protons is perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. The shear wave velocity is an important parameter for researching the dynamic characteristics of the rock-soil mass, and has important significance for future research.

In the prior art, common seismic transverse wave excitation sources are mainly generated by two methods of artificial excitation or explosive detonator. However, the above method has the following disadvantages: 1) the manual excitation method is that a large hammer is manually held to strike the seismic source and the seismic source vehicle, but the manual holding of the large hammer to strike the seismic source has a series of problems of unstable generated energy, uncontrollable generated energy and the like, and is inconvenient to operate. 2) The explosive has good shock excitation effect, but has a plurality of limitations in urban use due to inconvenient carrying. Therefore, there is a need in the art for a new transverse wave excitation source device that can generate stable and controllable energy by excitation and can be conveniently carried for field operation.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a transverse wave excitation source device and a transverse wave excitation method, and the device has the advantages of capability of quickly and stably realizing transverse wave excitation, convenience in operation and convenience in carrying for field operation. In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a shear wave excitation source apparatus comprising:

a hammering member;

the vibration exciter is used for knocking the hammering member, is positioned on one side of the hammering member and can move along the X direction of a fixed frame; one side of the vibration exciting hammer, which is back to the hammering component, is fixedly provided with a vibration exciting spring which is distributed along the X direction, and one end of the vibration exciting spring, which is far away from the vibration exciting hammer, is fixedly arranged on a disc-type electromagnet;

the disc type electromagnet is fixed on the fixed frame and is positioned on one side, back to the hammering component, of the exciting hammer; the disc type electromagnet and a fixed frame part for mounting the disc type electromagnet are provided with a rope hole; a rigid rope is fixed on one side surface of the vibration excitation hammer, which is opposite to the hammering component, and the rigid rope sequentially passes through the vibration excitation spring, a rope hole in the disc type electromagnet and a rope hole in the fixed frame and penetrates out of the fixed frame; the rigid rope is provided with a pressing type lock catch for disconnecting the rigid rope; the penetrating section of the rigid rope is wound on a rope collecting component.

Preferably, the push-type fastener includes:

the draw hook and the shell are used for connecting the two sections of the rigid rope; one end of the draw hook is fixed on one section of the rigid rope; one end face, far away from the draw hook, of the shell is fixed to the other section of the rigid rope; the shell is of a hollow structure; one end face, close to the draw hook, of the shell is opened so that the lock catch can move in the shell;

the lock catch is used for being matched with the drag hook; the lock catch is positioned in the shell; the lock catch comprises a base, wherein one side, facing the draw hook, of the base is used for fixing a locking part matched with the draw hook;

a lock shaft is rotatably arranged on the base; a return spring is fixed on the curved surface of the lock shaft, extends out of the base along the X direction from the lock hole of the base and is fixed on the end surface of the shell far away from the drag hook; the lock shaft is perpendicular to the housing; the lock shaft extends out of the base and is sleeved with a pull rod, a sliding part is arranged on the pull rod, and the sliding part can move along a sliding groove formed in the shell; the sliding groove comprises a disconnecting groove, a transition groove and a connecting groove which are sequentially communicated; when the sliding part is positioned at the first position of the disconnecting groove, the rigid rope is disconnected, and when the sliding part is positioned at the second position of the connecting groove, the two sections of the rigid rope are connected; the first position is close to the draw hook, and the second position is far away from the draw hook; the transition groove is an inclined groove;

the locking part comprises a connecting seat, a pair of clamping jaws which are oppositely arranged are arranged on the connecting seat, and the clamping jaws are connected with the connecting seat through a curved surface structure; the two clamping jaws comprise first connecting parts and second connecting parts connected with the first connecting parts; the first connection portion is disposed toward the open end of the housing; the distance between the two first connecting parts is larger than the distance between the two second connecting parts;

when the locking part is in the second position, the outer side surface of the first connecting part is in contact with the inner wall of the shell so that the locking part is in a folded state;

in the process of transition from the second position to the first position, the first connecting portion of the clamping jaw moves towards the outer side of the shell, when the first connecting portion of the clamping jaw moves out of the shell, the curved surface structure expands, and the locking portion is changed from a folded state to an expanded state to release the draw hook.

Preferably, the cross section of the channel for installing the lock shaft is U-shaped; the plane of the channel is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is matched with the barrier strip on the lock shaft to limit the rotation angle of the lock shaft in the channel.

Preferably, the bottom of the shell is provided with a guide post, and the return spring is sleeved on the guide post.

Preferably, the rope retracting member comprises a gear reducer; the input end of the gear reduction box is connected with a hand wheel; the output end of the gear reduction box is connected with a wheel disc; the outer edge of the sheave is wrapped around the rigid cord.

Preferably, two ends of the vibration exciter are respectively fixed with a guide rod, and the guide rods can move along guide grooves formed in the fixed frame.

Preferably, the disc type electromagnet is fixedly arranged at the central position of the fixed frame through a bolt; the disc type electromagnet adopts a direct current power supply, and is connected with a current regulator and a control switch.

A transverse wave excitation method is based on the transverse wave excitation source device and comprises the following steps:

s1, fixing the hammering component at the transverse wave excitation point;

s2, adjusting the position of the fixed frame to enable the hammering component to be hammered along the X direction when the vibration exciter works;

s3, supplying direct current to the disc type electromagnet;

s4, actuating the rope winding member, wherein the rope winding member drives the rigid rope to move, the rigid rope is in a tight state to drive the disc type electromagnet to move along the fixed frame, and the vibration hammer moves towards the disc type electromagnet along with the rigid rope;

in the process that the vibration hammer moves along with the rigid rope, the vibration hammer applies pressure to the vibration exciting spring, and the vibration exciting spring is compressed and deformed; when the vibration hammer enters the working range of the disc type electromagnet, the rigid rope is in a loosening state, and the vibration hammer is adsorbed at the position where the suction force of the disc type electromagnet is equal to the pressure of the spring;

and S5, the pressing type lock catch is actuated to disconnect the rigid rope, then the direct current supplied to the release of the disc type electromagnet is disconnected, the disc type electromagnet releases the vibration hammer, and the vibration hammer moves along the X direction until the hammering member is knocked to realize primary transverse wave vibration.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

(1) when the device works, the electromagnet is used for generating magnetic force to provide suction for the exciting hammer, the electromagnet is powered off to release the exciting hammer, and the exciting hammer strikes a hammering component fixed on the ground along the X direction on the fixed frame under the action of the elastic force of the spring to complete transverse wave excitation. Therefore, the transverse wave excitation can be rapidly and stably realized.

(2) The exciting hammer is detachable and selectable in size, can meet seismic wave energy excitation of seismic exploration at the present stage, and can realize controllable exciting energy. And the weight of the vibration hammer is fixed, and the magnetic force of the disc type electromagnet is fixed, so that the problem of uneven artificial vibration excitation energy signals can be effectively solved.

(3) The invention has the advantages of convenient disassembly and assembly, convenient transportation, wide working application range and small limitation.

(4) When the exciting hammer just reaches the working range of the disc type electromagnet, the exciting hammer is instantly adsorbed by the attraction force of the disc type electromagnet, the rigid rope is converted into a loose state from a tight state, and finally the exciting hammer is static at the position where the attraction force of the disc type electromagnet is equal to the pressure of the spring. The push-type latch is then actuated to disconnect the rigid cord, and then the direct current supplied to the release of the disc electromagnet is disconnected, and the disc electromagnet releases the exciter hammer. Therefore, the device releases the vibration hammer through the cooperation of the press type lock catch and the disc type electromagnet, and finally completes one-time transverse wave vibration excitation. Therefore, the device is convenient to operate.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a transverse wave excitation source device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the push type latch of FIG. 1 with the retractor removed;

FIG. 3 is a front view of the housing of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the push-type fastener of FIG. 1 with the housing removed;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the push type latch of FIG. 4 with the retractor and housing removed;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view from yet another perspective of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a view showing a structure of a stopper in FIG. 5;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of the stop portion of FIG. 5;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing the connection relationship between the exciting spring, the rotary shaft, the pull rod and the sliding part in FIG. 5;

FIG. 10 is a structural view of the rotating shaft of FIG. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the interrupted groove, the transition groove and the connecting groove of fig. 3.

The device comprises a fixed frame 1, a vibration hammer 2, a vibration spring 3, a disc type electromagnet 4, a pressing type lock catch 5, a shell 51, a broken groove 511, a first position 5111, a transition groove 512, a connecting groove 513, a second position 5131, a third position 5132, a drag hook 52, a lock catch 53, a base 531, a limiting part 5311, a locking shaft 532, a locking part 533, a pull rod 54, a return spring 55, a rigid rope 6, a gear reduction box 7, a hammering member 8, a guide rod 9, a hand wheel 10 and a sliding part 11.

Detailed Description

The present invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art may modify the invention herein described while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description should be construed as broadly as possible to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.

As shown in fig. 1, a shear wave excitation source apparatus includes: the device comprises a fixed frame 1, a hammering member 8, an exciting hammer 2, a disc type electromagnet 4, a rigid rope 6, a rope collecting member and a pressing type lock catch 5.

The fixed frame 1 is a U-shaped frame, and the frames on the two sides of the U-shaped frame are respectively provided with a transverse guide groove for keeping the guide rod 9 on the exciting hammer 2 to move in the X direction; the fixed frame 1 has four supports which are fixedly mounted on the ground by bolts in central alignment with the hammering member 8 on the ground.

The hammering member 8 is a steel plate.

The vibration exciting hammer 2 is used for knocking a hammering member 8 and is a square iron hammer, the vibration exciting hammer 2 is located on one side of the hammering member 8, the vibration exciting hammer 2 can move in the X direction along a fixed frame 1, a vibration exciting spring 3 distributed in the X direction along one side, back to the hammering member 8, of the vibration exciting hammer 2 is fixed on one end, far away from the vibration exciting hammer 2, of the vibration exciting spring 3, and the vibration exciting hammer is fixed on a disc type electromagnet 4. Specifically, two ends of the vibration exciter 2 are respectively fixed with a guide rod 9, and the guide rods 9 can move along guide grooves formed in the fixed frame 1; the parts of the two ends of the guide rod 9 outside the guide groove are provided with threads, and the Y direction is tightened and restrained by bolts, so that the vibration exciter 2 is always in the central position when moving; the mass of the vibration hammer 2 is 5KG-75 KG; the maximum compression elasticity of the exciting spring 3 is 1000N; steel sheets are arranged at two ends of the exciting spring 3 so as to fix the exciting spring 3 between the exciting hammer 2 and the disc type electromagnet 4. In the present embodiment, X is directed to the longitudinal direction of the fixing frame 1, and Y is directed to the width direction of the fixing frame 1.

The disc type electromagnet 4 is annular, is fixed at the central position of the fixed frame 1 through a bolt, and is positioned on one side of the vibration exciter 2, which is opposite to the hammering component 8; the disc type electromagnet 4 and the fixed frame 1 part for installing the disc type electromagnet 4 are both provided with a rope hole for the rigid rope 6 to penetrate out. Specifically, the disc type electromagnet 4 has the maximum suction force of 1200N, a direct-current power supply is adopted, the disc type electromagnet 4 is connected with a current regulator and a control switch, and the current regulator can control the suction force of the disc type electromagnet 4 by regulating current; the switch is controlled by manual action to realize the electrification or the outage of the disc type electromagnet 4.

One end of a rigid rope 6 is fixed on one side surface of the vibration exciter 2, which is opposite to the hammering component 8, and the rigid rope 6 sequentially passes through the vibration exciting spring 3, a rope hole on the disc type electromagnet 4 and a rope hole on the fixed frame 1 and penetrates out of the fixed frame 1; the rigid rope 6 is provided with a push type lock catch 5 for disconnecting the rigid rope 6; the outgoing section of the rigid cord 6 is wound around a cord retracting member.

As shown in fig. 2 to 11, the push-type fastener 5 includes: a draw hook 52, a shell 51, a lock catch 53, a pull rod 54 and a return spring 55.

A draw hook 52 and a housing 51, as shown in fig. 1, for connecting two sections of the rigid cord 6; one end of the draw hook 52 is fixed on one section of the rigid rope 6; one end face of the shell 51 far away from the draw hook 52 is fixed on the other section of the rigid rope 6; the housing 51 has a hollow structure; an end face of the housing 51 adjacent to the draw hook 52 is open for movement of the latch 53 within the housing 51.

A lock catch 53 for cooperating with the drag hook 52; the latch 53 is located within the housing 51; the latch 53 includes a base 531, a side of the base 531 facing the hook 52, and a locking portion 533 fixed to the hook 52, as shown in fig. 4-8.

A lock shaft 532 is rotatably mounted on the base 531, as shown in fig. 6 to 7; a return spring 55 is fixed on the curved surface of the lock shaft 532, and the return spring 55 extends out of the base 531 along the X direction from the lock hole of the base 531 and is fixed on the end surface of the shell 51 far away from the draw hook 52; the lock shaft 532 is perpendicular to the housing 51; the lock shaft 532 extends out of the base 531 and is sleeved with a pull rod 54, the pull rod 54 is provided with a sliding part 11, and the sliding part 11 can move along a sliding groove formed in the shell 51.

The sliding chute, as shown in fig. 3 and fig. 11, includes a breaking groove 511, a transition groove 512 and a connecting groove 513 which are communicated in sequence; when the sliding part 11 is positioned at a first position 5111 of the disconnecting groove 511, the rigid rope 6 is disconnected, and when the sliding part 11 is positioned at a second position 5131 of the connecting groove 513, two sections of the rigid rope 6 are connected; the first position 5111 is close to the draw hook 52, and the second position 5131 is far away from the draw hook 52; the transition groove 512 is an inclined groove;

the locking portion 533, as shown in fig. 7, includes a connecting base, a pair of oppositely disposed clamping jaws is disposed on the connecting base, and the clamping jaws are connected to the connecting base through a curved surface structure; the two clamping jaws comprise first connecting parts and second connecting parts connected with the first connecting parts; the first connecting portion is disposed toward the open end of the housing 51; the distance between the two first connecting parts is larger than the distance between the two second connecting parts. In the second position 5131, the outer side of the first connecting portion contacts the inner wall of the housing 51 to close the locking portion 533; during the transition from the second position 5131 to the first position 5111, the first connecting portions of the jaws move toward the outer side of the housing 51, and when the first connecting portions of the jaws move out of the housing 51, the curved structure expands, and the locking portions 533 are transformed from the closed state to the expanded state to release the hooks 52.

Preferably, the channel in which lock shaft 532 is mounted is U-shaped in cross-section as shown in FIG. 6; a limiting part 5311 is arranged on the plane of the channel, and the limiting part 5311 is matched with a barrier strip on the lock shaft 532 to limit the rotation angle of the lock shaft 532 in the channel; the bottom of the housing 51 is provided with a guide post, as shown in fig. 3, on which a return spring 55 is fitted.

The rope-collecting component comprises a gear reducer 7; the input end of the gear reduction box 7 is connected with a hand wheel 10; the output end of the gear reduction box 7 is connected with a wheel disc; the outer edge of the sheave is wrapped around a rigid rope 6. The gear reduction box 7 comprises a first gear and a second gear (the output end of the gear reduction box 7) meshed with the first gear; the diameter of the first gear is smaller than that of the second gear; the handwheel 10 is arranged on the gear shaft of the first gear, so that the labor can be saved, and the manual working strength can be reduced.

The working principle of the transverse wave excitation source device is as follows:

and S1, fixing the hammering member 8 at the transverse wave excitation point.

And S2, adjusting the position of the fixed frame 1 to enable the hammering component 8 to be hammered along the X direction when the vibration exciter 2 works.

And S3, operating a control switch to connect the power supply, the current regulator and the disc electromagnet 4, namely, connecting direct current to the disc electromagnet 4.

And S4, actuating the rope retracting member to drive the rigid rope 6 to move, wherein the rigid rope 6 is in a tight state to drive the disc-type electromagnet 4 to move along the fixed frame 1, and the vibration exciter 2 moves towards the disc-type electromagnet 4 along with the rigid rope 6.

In the process that the exciting hammer 2 moves along with the rigid rope 6, the exciting hammer 2 applies pressure to the exciting spring 3, and the exciting spring 3 is compressed and deformed; when the vibration hammer 2 enters the working range of the disc type electromagnet 4, the vibration hammer 2 is instantly adsorbed, the rigid rope 6 is switched from a tight state to a loose state, namely the rope tension acting on the vibration hammer 2 is relieved; the exciting hammer 2 is adsorbed at the position where the suction force of the disc type electromagnet 4 is equal to the spring pressure, at the moment, the rigid rope 6 has no acting force on the exciting hammer 2, and the exciting hammer 2 is not in contact with the suction force of the disc type electromagnet 4.

And S5, the pressing type lock catch 5 is actuated to disconnect the rigid rope 6, then the direct current supplied to the release of the disc type electromagnet 4 is disconnected, the disc type electromagnet 4 releases the vibration exciter 2, and the vibration exciter 2 moves along the X direction until the hammering member 8 is knocked to realize one-time transverse wave vibration excitation.

In step S5, the operation principle of the push type lock is as follows:

(1) when it is desired to connect two sections of the rigid cord 6:

in the initial state, the jaws of the locking portion of the lock 53 are positioned outside the housing 51.

First, the latch 53 is indirectly applied with a force by pressing the hook 52, and the latch 53 moves downward (in the direction away from the hook 52 along the direction X), and at the same time, the sliding portion 11 of the pull rod 54 is driven to move from the first position 5111 to the third position 5132 along the inner walls of the disconnecting slot 511, the transition slot 512 and the connecting slot 513 in sequence, and at this time, the return spring 55 is in a compressed state.

Then, the latch 53 is released, the sliding part 11 on the pull rod 54 moves upward (in the direction of the X-direction toward the draw hook 52) from the third position 5132 along the inner wall of the connecting groove 513 under the action of the return spring 55, and finally moves to the second position 5131 from the third position 5132 and is clamped, at this time, the draw hook 52 is locked by the latch 53 and is in a stable state, and the return spring 55 is in a compressed state.

(2) When it is desired to break two lengths of rigid cord 6:

when the pull hook 52 is pressed again at the second position 5131, the lock catch 53 moves downwards, i.e. the sliding part 11 on the pull rod 54 moves downwards (in the direction away from the pull hook 52 along the X direction) along the inner wall of the transition groove 512, when the sliding part 11 on the pull rod 54 bypasses the protrusion formed by the connection between the transition groove 512 and the breaking groove 511, the sliding part of the pull rod 54 moves away from the transition groove 512, then the handle is released to release the sliding part 11 on the pull rod 54, the sliding part 11 on the pull rod 54 moves upwards (in the direction close to the pull hook 52 along the X direction) along the inner wall of the breaking groove 511 under the action of the return spring 55, and when the sliding part moves to the first position 5111 of the breaking groove 511, the pull hook 52 is separated from the lock catch 53, and then the push type lock catch 5 is disconnected.

In summary, the first position 5111, the second position 5131, the protrusion (formed by the connection between the transition groove 512 and the breaking groove 511) and the third position 5132 along the X direction are sequentially increased from the hook 52 along the X direction. After the lock catch 53 is released, the sliding part 11 on the pull rod 54 reaches the second position 5131 from the third position 5132 and reaches the first position 5111 from the protrusion under the action of the restoring force of the return spring 55; in the process that the first position 5111 reaches the third position 5132, the third position 5132 reaches the second position 5131, the second position 5131 reaches the protrusion, and the protrusion reaches the first position 5111, the lock shaft 532 rotates on the base of the lock catch 53, and the pull rod 54 swings along with the lock shaft 532.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention in any way. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A transverse wave excitation source device, comprising:

a hammering member;

2. The shear wave excitation source device of claim 1, wherein the push-type lock comprises:

3. The shear wave excitation source device of claim 2, wherein the channel in which said lock shaft is installed has a U-shaped cross section; the plane of the channel is provided with a limiting part, and the limiting part is matched with the barrier strip on the lock shaft to limit the rotation angle of the lock shaft in the channel.

4. The shear wave excitation source device of claim 2, wherein a guide post is disposed at the bottom of the housing, and the return spring is sleeved on the guide post.

5. The shear wave excitation source device of claim 1, wherein said take-up means comprises a gear reduction box; the input end of the gear reduction box is connected with a hand wheel; the output end of the gear reduction box is connected with a wheel disc; the outer edge of the sheave is wrapped around the rigid cord.

6. The shear wave excitation source device of claim 1, wherein a guide bar is fixed to each end of the vibration exciter, and the guide bar is movable along a guide groove formed in the fixed frame.

7. The shear wave excitation source device of claim 1, wherein the disc-type electromagnet is fixedly mounted at the center of the fixed frame by bolts; the disc type electromagnet adopts a direct current power supply, and is connected with a current regulator and a control switch.

8. A shear wave excitation method based on the shear wave excitation source device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:

s1, fixing the hammering component at the transverse wave excitation point;

s3, supplying direct current to the disc type electromagnet;