CN111912867B - Grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device and method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection - Google Patents
Grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device and method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection, which is characterized in that a cable is arranged in a grouting metal sleeve, and an external TDR tester generator excites electromagnetic wave signals to be transmitted on the cable, so that when the surrounding environment medium of the cable changes, the impedance of the cable also changes, and further, electromagnetic wave reflection signals received by a receiver also change, are displayed on an oscilloscope and finally stored in a computer; finally, electromagnetic wave signals acquired by the TDR tester can be read and analyzed in real time through a computer, so that the defect area and defect compactness of the grouting metal sleeve are effectively detected, and the cement paste compactness and defect position in the grouting metal sleeve are detected. Compared with other detection methods, the method has the advantages of high detection precision, convenient implementation and certain use value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of assembly type building detection, and particularly relates to a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device and method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy and urbanization in China, the building industrialization process is also accelerated, and the traditional cast-in-situ building technology cannot meet the development requirements of the building industry due to unreasonable resource allocation, low construction mechanization degree and poor construction operation environment. The assembled building is taken as a standardized green building form which is developed in recent years, is efficient and rapid in construction, energy-saving and environment-friendly, ensures the quality, is valued by the building industry, and is greatly supported and popularized by relevant groups of the building industry in China and regions.
The shock resistance and the integrity of the fabricated building are important influencing factors for restricting the development of the fabricated building, and in order to improve the shock resistance and the integrity of the fabricated building, reliable connection between the fabricated building components is required to be ensured. The common assembly type building connection mode is mainly grouting connection of the steel bar sleeve, the connection mode effectively ensures the integrity of the assembly type building, accordingly improves the shock resistance of the assembly type building, and is widely applied to building structures such as building assembly type shear walls, bridge assembly type box girders and bridge piers.
The steel bar sleeve mainly comprises an assembled building component, a connecting steel bar and a sleeve. Currently, the conventional detection method for detecting the grouting compactness in the grouting metal sleeve is to adopt a method of unidirectional stretching, high-stress repeated stretching and pressing test, large-deformation repeated stretching and pressing test and the like for a grouting metal sleeve connecting joint test piece; however, because the defects of the sleeve grouting material are hidden, the specific defect positions of the grouting sleeve cannot be well known by detecting the compactness of the sleeve grouting material by the conventional method, so that constructors can conduct targeted reinforcement. In the nondestructive testing method, the ultrasonic method, the impact echo method, the infrared thermal imaging method and the like can not accurately judge the compactness defect position and degree of the sleeve grouting material, and the detection precision is low; the X-ray industrial CT method can clearly acquire the internal structure, compactness and defect distribution image of the grouting metal sleeve to realize grouting compactness detection of the grouting metal sleeve, but because the method has the defects of huge and complex test equipment and high manufacturing cost of a detection instrument, the method also has the problems of radiation, environmental pollution and the like, and is harmful to human bodies, so the method cannot be industrially applied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sleeve grouting compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection comprises a grouting metal sleeve, a TDR tester and a computer; the grouting metal sleeve consists of a hollow metal sleeve, a rubber plug, a cable, cement slurry, embedded bars and connecting bars; the upper side and the lower side of the hollow metal sleeve are respectively provided with a grout outlet and a grouting opening, the rubber plug is used for sealing the grout outlet, and the rubber plug is provided with a through pipe for a cable to penetrate; the cable penetrates into the through pipe until being flush with the bottom of the hollow metal sleeve or penetrating out of the hollow metal sleeve, and the cable is not bent in the vertical direction; embedded bars and connecting bars are respectively embedded at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow metal sleeve; after the cable, the embedded bars and the connecting bars are connected in the hollow metal sleeve, the cement slurry enters from a grouting opening, fills the hollow metal sleeve, and solidifies; the TDR tester consists of an electromagnetic wave signal generator, a receiver and an oscilloscope; the TDR tester is connected with a cable close to one end of the slurry outlet and a computer; the TDR tester excites electromagnetic waves on the cable through the electromagnetic wave signal generator, receives signals reflected on the cable through the receiver, displays the signals on the oscilloscope in real time, and stores the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph on the computer and the TDR tester.
As an improvement of the scheme, the embedded bars and the connecting bars are on the same straight line.
Further, the diameters and the materials of the embedded bars and the connecting bars are the same.
Further, the top ends of the embedded bars are higher than the grouting openings.
The compactness detection device for the grouting metal sleeve based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection can detect the grouting metal sleeve according to the following steps:
(1) preparing a control group grouting metal sleeve by using the cement paste which is the same as the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, and then determining that the cement paste in the control group grouting metal sleeve is compact by using an X-ray CT detection method;
(2) detecting an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve of the control group by a TDR tester, recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph as a curve A, and storing the curve A on a computer and the TDR tester;
(3) acquiring an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected through a TDR tester, recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph as a curve B, and storing the curve B on a computer and the TDR tester;
(4) comparing the curve A with the curve B, if the trend of a certain area of curve is inconsistent with that of the curve B, the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve of the curve B is considered to be not compact, and the area where the curve area is inconsistent is the area where grouting is not compact; and if the trends of the curve A and the curve B are completely consistent, the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve B, is considered to be compact. Care should be taken in the comparison to maintain the consistency of the abscissa of curve a with curve B.
Further, if the waveform of the abrupt curve is more gentle than the waveform of the abrupt curve where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent with the trend of the curve a, and the longer the period of time where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent with the trend of the curve a, the larger the longitudinal defect of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected along the sleeve.
Further, if the curve B is steeper than the waveform of the curve abrupt change where the trend of the curve A is inconsistent, and the larger the peak value is, the larger the radial defect of the grouting metal sleeve along the sleeve to be detected is.
Further, when the grouting metal sleeve to be detected is applied, reinforcing steel bars are reinforced on the outer side of the grouting metal sleeve according to the defect positions.
The X-ray CT detection method comprises the following steps: the physical characteristics of the X-ray penetrable object are utilized to irradiate the detected object, when the X-ray beam passes through the detected object, the X-ray can generate attenuation in the object, the attenuation degree can be different according to different materials, the internal structure of the object can be reconstructed according to the property of the X-ray by combining a CT three-dimensional imaging technology, the discrimination of the internal structure of the object is realized, and the structure, the density characteristics and the defect distribution of the object are clearly and intuitively obtained.
The principle of the TDR tester is as follows: the TDR tester excites electromagnetic wave signals, and the excited electromagnetic wave signals can be transmitted in a cable connected with the TDR tester; meanwhile, when the electromagnetic wave signal on the cable transmission path is changed when encountering the medium in the surrounding environment of the cable, the impedance of the electromagnetic wave signal is changed and reflection is generated; the generated electromagnetic wave reflection signals are received by a TDR tester receiver and reflected on an oscilloscope in real time to form an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph, and the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph is stored in the TDR tester and a computer. Therefore, the information on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph comprises the impedance change position and the impedance change degree of the cable, and the effective judgment on the impedance change position and the impedance change degree of the cable can be realized through the analysis of the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph.
When the grouting compactness defect occurs around the cable in the grouting metal sleeve, the environment of the medium around the cable is changed, so that the impedance of the cable is changed, at the moment, electromagnetic wave signals are reflected, and therefore the TDR tester can be used for collecting the electromagnetic wave signals which are transmitted on the cable and contain the grouting compactness defect information, and an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve is obtained.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: when the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted on the cable, if the medium in the surrounding environment of the cable changes, the impedance of the cable also changes, and then the electromagnetic wave reflection signal received by the receiver also changes and is displayed on the oscilloscope, and finally the signal is stored in the TDR tester and the computer; finally, the electromagnetic wave signals collected by the TDR tester can be read and analyzed in real time through a computer or the TDR tester, so that the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve can be effectively detected.
Drawings
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic general construction of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the time domain reflectometry of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a longitudinal defect level curve of a grouted metal sleeve according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the radial defect level of the grouted metal sleeve according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the rubber stopper of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection comprises a grouting metal sleeve, a TDR tester 9 and a computer 10; the grouting metal sleeve consists of a hollow metal sleeve 3, a rubber plug 7, a cable 8, cement slurry 4, embedded bars 2 and connecting bars 1; the upper side and the lower side of the hollow metal sleeve 3 are respectively provided with a grout outlet 6 and a grouting opening 5, the rubber plug 7 is used for sealing the grout outlet 6, and a through pipe for a cable 8 to penetrate is arranged on the rubber plug 7; the cable 8 penetrates into the through pipe until being flush with the bottom of the hollow metal sleeve 3 or penetrating out of the hollow metal sleeve 3, and the cable 8 is not bent in the vertical direction; the upper end and the lower end of the hollow metal sleeve 3 are respectively embedded with embedded bars 2 and connecting bars 1; after the cable 8, the embedded steel bars 2 and the connecting steel bars 1 are connected in the hollow metal sleeve 3, the cement slurry 4 enters from the grouting opening 5 and is solidified after being filled with the hollow metal sleeve 3; the TDR tester 9 consists of an electromagnetic wave signal generator, a receiver and an oscilloscope; the TDR tester 9 is connected with a cable 8 near one end of the slurry outlet 6 and a computer 10; the TDR tester 9 excites electromagnetic waves on the cable 8 through an electromagnetic wave signal generator, receives signals reflected on the cable 8 through a receiver, displays the signals on an oscilloscope in real time, and stores an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart on the computer 10 and the TDR tester 9.
When electromagnetic wave signals are excited by the generator of the TDR tester 9 to be transmitted on the cable 8 and transmitted on the cable 8, if the medium in the surrounding environment of the cable 8 changes, the impedance of the cable 8 also changes, and then electromagnetic wave reflection signals received by the receiver also change and are displayed on an oscilloscope, and finally stored in the TDR tester 9 and the computer 10; finally, the electromagnetic wave signals collected by the TDR tester 9 can be read and analyzed in real time through the computer 10 or the TDR tester 9, so that the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve can be effectively detected.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to fix the cable 8 conveniently, the cable 8 can simply pass through the metal sleeve and vertically arranged in the hollow metal sleeve 3, the grout outlet 6 is detachably plugged with a rubber plug 7, and the rubber plug 7 is provided with a through hole for the cable 8 to pass through. In addition, in order to ensure the positioning accuracy and the mounting accuracy of the embedded bars 2, the connecting bars 1 and the sleeves, the embedded bars 2 and the connecting bars 1 are on the same straight line. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the connection mechanical properties of the embedded steel bars 2 and the connection steel bars 1 are consistent, the diameters and the materials of the embedded steel bars 2 and the connection steel bars 1 are the same; also in order to ensure that the embedded bars 2 have enough depth to be embedded into the metal sleeve, the top ends of the embedded bars 2 are higher than the grouting openings 5.
As shown in fig. 1-5, the grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection can detect the grouting metal sleeve according to the following steps:
(1) preparing a control group grouting metal sleeve by using cement paste 4 which is the same as the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, and then determining that the cement paste 4 in the control group grouting metal sleeve is compact by using an X-ray CT detection method;
(2) detecting an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve of the control group through a TDR tester 9, recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph as a curve A, and storing the curve A on a computer 10 and the TDR tester 9;
(3) acquiring an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected through a TDR tester 9, recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph as a curve B, and storing the curve B on a computer 10 and the TDR tester 9;
(4) comparing the curve A with the curve B, if the trend of a certain area of curve is inconsistent with that of the curve B, the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve of the curve B is considered to be not compact, and the area where the curve area is inconsistent is the area where grouting is not compact; and if the trends of the curve A and the curve B are completely consistent, the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve B, is considered to be compact.
If the waveform of the abrupt curve is more gentle than the waveform of the abrupt curve where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent with the trend of the curve A, and the longer the period of time when the curve B is inconsistent with the trend of the curve A, the larger the longitudinal defect of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected along the sleeve. If the curve B is steeper than the waveform of the curve mutation at the place where the trend of the curve A is inconsistent, and the larger the peak value is, the larger the radial defect of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected along the sleeve is, so that the defect degree of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected can be determined. After the detection of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, in the practical application of the grouting metal sleeve, a series of reinforcement measures can be adopted in a targeted manner at the corresponding defect position according to the detection result, such as: reinforcing steel bars are added to the outer side of the grouting sleeve, holes are drilled at the defect positions of the grouting sleeve, cement slurry 4 is added, or the grouting metal sleeve with too serious defects is directly replaced.
As shown in fig. 2, the transmission line of the TDR tester 9 operates on the principle that: the TDR tester 9 excites electromagnetic wave signals at t 0 The electromagnetic wave signal excited at the moment is transmitted in a cable 8 connected with a TDR tester 9, and the electromagnetic wave signal excited at the moment is recorded as V in The electromagnetic wave signal transmitted in the cable 8 is denoted as V tr V when the impedance on the transmission path of the cable 8 is continuous according to the transmission line theory and the time domain reflectometry theory in ＝V tr ；t 1 Time electromagnetic wave signal V tr At the impedance discontinuity, a part of the reflected electromagnetic wave signal V is reflected along the transmission path re The rest of the electromagnetic wave signal V tr The transmission along the cable is continued until the cable end is totally reflected back, while recording this time t 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In addition, the TDR tester 9 also collects the change of the electromagnetic wave signal on the cable 8 in real time, and displays the waveform of the electromagnetic wave on the oscilloscope to form an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection graph; by analyzing the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph, the staff can effectively judge the impedance change position and degree of the cable 8.
FIG. 3 shows a graph A, a graph B and a graph C of the electromagnetic wave signal U with time T, which show that the grouting metal sleeve has normal compactness in the longitudinal direction, slight defects and serious defects, and the peak size of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected at the position where the trend of the graph changes is U A <U B <U C It can be seen from this that the defect in the longitudinal direction of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve C, is larger than that of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve B.
As shown in FIG. 4, the electromagnetic wave signal U with normal radial compactness, slight defect and serious defect has a change relation curve a, curve b and curve c with time T, and the three curve workers can see that the waveform peak value of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected at the change of the curve trend is U a <U b <U c It can be seen from this that the defect in the radial direction of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve c, is larger than that of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve b.
The foregoing disclosure is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. The grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection comprises a grouting metal sleeve, a TDR tester (9) and a computer (10); the grouting metal sleeve is characterized by comprising a hollow metal sleeve (3), a rubber plug (7), a cable (8), cement slurry (4), embedded bars (2) and connecting bars (1); the upper side and the lower side of the hollow metal sleeve (3) are respectively provided with a grout outlet (6) and a grouting opening (5), the rubber plug (7) is used for sealing the grout outlet (6), and a through pipe for a cable (8) to penetrate is arranged on the rubber plug (7); the cable (8) penetrates into the through pipe until being flush with the bottom of the hollow metal sleeve (3) or penetrating out of the hollow metal sleeve (3), and the cable (8) is not bent in the vertical direction; the upper end of the hollow metal sleeve (3) is embedded with a connecting steel bar (1), and the lower end of the hollow metal sleeve (3) is embedded with an embedded steel bar (2); after the cable (8), the embedded steel bar (2) and the connecting steel bar (1) are connected in the hollow metal sleeve (3), the cement slurry (4) enters from the grouting opening (5), fills the hollow metal sleeve and is solidified; the TDR tester (9) consists of an electromagnetic wave signal generator, a receiver and an oscilloscope; the TDR tester (9) is connected with a cable (8) and a computer (10) which are close to one end of the slurry outlet (6); the TDR tester (9) excites electromagnetic waves on the cable (8) through the electromagnetic wave signal generator, receives signals reflected back from the cable (8) through the receiver, displays the signals on an oscilloscope in real time, and stores an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph on the computer (10) and the TDR tester (9); the embedded bars (2) and the connecting bars (1) are on the same straight line; the diameters and the materials of the embedded steel bars (2) and the connecting steel bars (1) are the same; the top end of the embedded steel bar (2) is higher than the grouting opening (5).
2. The grouting metal sleeve compactness detection method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection is characterized in that the grouting metal sleeve is detected by the device according to claim 1 according to the following steps:
(1) preparing a control group grouting metal sleeve by using cement paste (4) which is the same as the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, and then determining that the cement paste (4) in the control group grouting metal sleeve is compact by using an X-ray CT detection method;
(2) detecting an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve of the control group through a TDR tester (9), and recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph as a curve A and storing the curve A on a computer (10) and the TDR tester (9);
(3) acquiring an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected through a TDR tester (9), and recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph as a curve B and storing the curve B on a computer (10) and the TDR tester (9);
(4) comparing the curve A with the curve B, if the trend of a certain area of curve is inconsistent with that of the curve B, the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve of the curve B is considered to be not compact, and the area where the curve area is inconsistent is the area where grouting is not compact; and if the trends of the curve A and the curve B are completely consistent, the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, which is obtained by the curve B, is considered to be compact.
3. The method for detecting compactness of grouting metal sleeve based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: if the waveform of the abrupt curve is more gentle than the waveform of the abrupt curve where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent with the trend of the curve A, and the longer the period of time when the curve B is inconsistent with the trend of the curve A, the larger the longitudinal defect of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected along the sleeve.
4. The method for detecting compactness of grouting metal sleeve based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: if the curve B is steeper than the waveform of the curve abrupt change at the place where the trend of the curve A is inconsistent, and the larger the peak value is, the larger the radial defect of the grouting metal sleeve along the sleeve to be detected is.
5. The method for detecting compactness of grouting metal sleeve based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to claim 2, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the grouting metal sleeve to be detected is applied, reinforcing steel bars are reinforced on the outer side of the grouting metal sleeve according to the defect positions.
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| CN113406197A (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2021-09-17 | 广州市市政工程试验检测有限公司 | Intelligent detection method for grouting compactness of sleeve |
| CN113484346A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-08 | 苏州信安检测技术有限公司 | Method and system for detecting grouting defects inside metal grouting sleeve |
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