CN111912867A - Device and method for detecting compactness of grouting metal sleeve based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection - Google Patents
Device and method for detecting compactness of grouting metal sleeve based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection, which is characterized in that a cable is arranged in a grouting metal sleeve, and an external TDR tester generator excites an electromagnetic wave signal to be transmitted on the cable, so that when the medium of the surrounding environment of the cable changes, the impedance of the cable also changes, and further the electromagnetic wave reflection signal received by a receiver also changes, is displayed on an oscilloscope and finally is stored in a computer; finally, the electromagnetic wave signals collected by the TDR tester can be read and analyzed in real time through a computer, so that the detection of the compaction degree and the defect position of cement slurry in the grouting metal sleeve is realized by effectively detecting the defect area and the defect compaction degree of the grouting metal sleeve. Compared with other detection methods, the method has the advantages of high detection precision, convenience in implementation and certain use value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of assembled building detection, and particularly relates to a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device and method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection.
Background
Along with the rapid development of economy and urbanization in China, the building industrialization process is accelerated, and the traditional cast-in-place building technology cannot meet the development requirements of the building industry due to unreasonable resource allocation, low construction mechanization degree and poor construction operation environment. The assembly type building is taken as a standardized green building form which is developed in recent years, has high efficiency, high speed, energy conservation, environmental protection and guaranteed quality in construction, receives attention from the building industry, and is greatly supported and popularized by related ministries in the national and regional building industries.
The earthquake resistance and integrity of the fabricated building are important influencing factors restricting the development of the fabricated building, and in order to improve the earthquake resistance and integrity of the fabricated building, reliable connection between fabricated building components needs to be ensured. The common assembly type building connection mode mainly comprises steel bar sleeve grouting connection, the integrity of the assembly type building is effectively guaranteed by the connection mode, the shock resistance of the assembly type building is correspondingly improved, and the assembly type building connection mode is widely applied to building structures such as prefabricated shear walls of buildings, assembled box girders of bridges, piers of bridges and the like.
The steel bar sleeve is mainly composed of an assembly type building component connecting steel bar and a sleeve. At present, the conventional method for detecting the grouting compactness degree in the grouting metal sleeve is to adopt methods such as unidirectional tension, high-stress repeated tension-compression test, large-deformation repeated tension-compression test and the like for a grouting metal sleeve connecting joint test piece; however, the defects of the sleeve grouting material are concealed, so that the concrete defect positions of the grouting sleeve cannot be well known by detecting the compaction degree of the sleeve grouting material by the conventional method, so that the constructor can be conveniently and pertinently reinforced. On the basis of a nondestructive detection method, the positions and the degrees of the defects of the compactness of the sleeve grouting material cannot be accurately judged by an ultrasonic method, an impact echo method, an infrared thermal imaging method and the like, and the detection precision is low; although the X-ray industrial CT method can clearly obtain the internal structure, compactness and defect distribution images of the grouting metal sleeve and realize the grouting compactness detection of the grouting metal sleeve, the method has the problems of excessively large and complicated test equipment and high manufacturing cost of detection instruments, and simultaneously, the methods also have the problems of ray radiation, environmental pollution and the like, which are harmful to human bodies, so the X-ray industrial CT method cannot be industrially applied.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a sleeve grouting compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection comprises a grouting metal sleeve, a TDR tester and a computer; the grouting metal sleeve is composed of a hollow metal sleeve, a rubber plug, a cable, cement slurry, embedded steel bars and connecting steel bars; the upper side and the lower side of the hollow metal sleeve are respectively provided with a grout outlet and a grouting port, the rubber plug is used for sealing the grout outlet, and a through pipe for a cable to penetrate is arranged on the rubber plug; the cable penetrates into the through pipe until the cable is flush with the bottom of the hollow metal sleeve or penetrates out of the hollow metal sleeve, and the cable is not bent in the vertical direction; embedded steel bars and connecting steel bars are respectively embedded at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow metal sleeve; after the cable, the embedded steel bars and the connecting steel bars are connected in the hollow metal sleeve, the cement slurry enters from the grouting opening, fills the hollow metal sleeve, and is solidified; the TDR tester consists of an electromagnetic wave signal generator, a receiver and an oscilloscope; the TDR tester is connected with a cable close to one end of the grout outlet and a computer; the TDR tester excites electromagnetic waves on the cable through the electromagnetic wave signal generator, receives signals reflected back from the cable through the receiver, displays the signals on the oscilloscope in real time, and stores an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph on the computer and the TDR tester.
As an improvement of the scheme, the embedded steel bars and the connecting steel bars are on the same straight line.
Furthermore, the diameters and the materials of the embedded steel bars and the connecting steel bars are the same.
Furthermore, the top end of the embedded steel bar is higher than the grouting opening.
The grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection can detect the grouting metal sleeve according to the following steps:
manufacturing a control group grouting metal sleeve by using the same cement slurry as the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve, and determining the compactness of the cement slurry in the control group grouting metal sleeve by using an X-ray CT detection method;
detecting an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart of the control group grouting metal sleeve by a TDR tester, recording the curve A and storing the curve A on a computer and the TDR tester;
acquiring an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected through a TDR tester, recording the curve B, and storing the curve B on a computer and the TDR tester;
comparing the curve A with the curve B, and if the curve A and the curve B have inconsistent trends of curves in a certain region, determining that the to-be-grouted metal sleeve of the curve B is not compact, wherein the part where the curve regions are inconsistent is an area where grouting is not compact; and if the trends of the curve A and the curve B are completely consistent, the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve B is considered to be compact. Care should be taken in comparing to maintain the consistency of the abscissa and ordinate of the curve A and the curve B.
Further, if the wave form of the sudden change of the curve at the position where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent with that of the curve A has a section which is more gentle, and the longer the time period when the trend of the curve B is inconsistent with that of the curve A is, the larger the longitudinal defect of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected along the sleeve is.
Further, if the wave shape of the curve B is steeper than that of the curve A at the position where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent, and the peak value is larger, the radial defect of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected along the sleeve is larger.
Further, when the grouting metal sleeve to be detected is applied, reinforcing steel bars are reinforced on the outer side of the grouting metal sleeve according to the defect position.
The X-ray CT detection method comprises the following steps: the X-ray can penetrate through the physical characteristics of the object to irradiate the object to be detected, when the X-ray beam penetrates through the object to be detected, the X-ray can be attenuated in the object, the attenuation degree can be different due to different materials, according to the property of the X-ray, the CT three-dimensional imaging technology is combined, the internal structure of the object can be reconstructed, the internal structure of the object can be distinguished, and the structure, density characteristics and defect distribution of the object can be clearly and visually obtained.
The TDR tester has the following principle: the TDR tester excites an electromagnetic wave signal, and the excited electromagnetic wave signal can be transmitted in a cable connected with the TDR tester; meanwhile, when the electromagnetic wave signal on the cable transmission path meets the change of the medium of the surrounding environment of the cable, the impedance of the electromagnetic wave signal changes and the electromagnetic wave signal is reflected; the generated electromagnetic wave reflection signals are received by the TDR tester receiver and reflected on the oscilloscope in real time to form an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph, and the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph is stored in the TDR tester and the computer. Therefore, the information on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart comprises the cable impedance change position and the impedance change degree, and the cable impedance change position and degree can be effectively judged through analyzing the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart.
When the density defect of grout appears around the cable in the grout metal sleeve, the medium environment changes around the cable, and then can lead to cable impedance to change, and at this moment, the electromagnetic wave signal can take place to reflect, can utilize the TDR tester to come to transmit and gather the electromagnetic wave signal that contains the density defect information of grout on the cable for this, obtains the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph of grout metal sleeve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the generator of the TDR tester stimulates electromagnetic wave signals to be transmitted on the cable, and meanwhile, when the electromagnetic wave signals are transmitted on the cable, if the medium of the environment around the cable changes, the impedance of the cable also changes, so that the electromagnetic wave reflected signals received by the receiver also change and are displayed on an oscilloscope, and finally are stored in the TDR tester and the computer; and finally, the electromagnetic wave signals collected by the TDR tester can be read and analyzed in real time through a computer or the TDR tester, so that the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve can be effectively detected.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the general structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a time domain reflectometry schematic of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of the longitudinal defect level of the grouted metal sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graphical representation of the radial defect level of the grouted metal sleeve of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the rubber stopper of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-5, a grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection comprises a grouting metal sleeve, a TDR tester 9 and a computer 10; the grouting metal sleeve is composed of a hollow metal sleeve 3, a rubber plug 7, a cable 8, cement slurry 4, embedded steel bars 2 and connecting steel bars 1; the upper side and the lower side of the hollow metal sleeve 3 are respectively provided with a grout outlet 6 and a grouting port 5, the rubber plug 7 is used for sealing the grout outlet 6, and the rubber plug 7 is provided with a through pipe for a cable 8 to penetrate through; the cable 8 penetrates into the through pipe until the cable is flush with the bottom of the hollow metal sleeve 3 or penetrates out of the hollow metal sleeve 3, and the cable 8 is not bent in the vertical direction; the upper end and the lower end of the hollow metal sleeve 3 are respectively embedded with an embedded steel bar 2 and a connecting steel bar 1; after the cable 8, the embedded steel bar 2 and the connecting steel bar 1 are connected in the hollow metal sleeve 3, the cement slurry 4 enters from the grouting opening 5 and is solidified after the hollow metal sleeve 3 is fully grouted; the TDR tester 9 consists of an electromagnetic wave signal generator, a receiver and an oscilloscope; the TDR tester 9 is connected with a cable 8 close to one end of the grout outlet 6 and a computer 10; the TDR tester 9 excites electromagnetic waves on the cable 8 through the electromagnetic wave signal generator, receives signals reflected from the cable 8 through the receiver, displays the signals on the oscilloscope in real time, and stores the time domain reflection curve of the electromagnetic waves in the computer 10 and the TDR tester 9.
The generator of the TDR tester 9 is used for exciting an electromagnetic wave signal to be transmitted on the cable 8, and meanwhile, when the electromagnetic wave signal is transmitted on the cable 8, if the medium of the environment around the cable 8 changes, the impedance of the cable 8 also changes, and further, the electromagnetic wave reflected signal received by the receiver also changes, is displayed on an oscilloscope and is finally stored in the TDR tester 9 and the computer 10; and finally, the electromagnetic wave signals collected by the TDR tester 9 can be read and analyzed in real time through the computer 10 or the TDR tester 9, so that the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve can be effectively detected.
As shown in fig. 1, in order to fix the cable 8 conveniently, the cable 8 can simply pass through the metal sleeve and be vertically arranged in the hollow metal sleeve 3, the grout outlet 6 is detachably plugged with a rubber plug 7, and a through hole for the cable 8 to pass through is formed in the rubber plug 7. In addition, in order to ensure the positioning accuracy and the installation accuracy of the embedded steel bars 2, the connecting steel bars 1 and the sleeve, the embedded steel bars 2 and the connecting steel bars 1 are on the same straight line. Meanwhile, in order to ensure that the connection mechanical properties of the embedded steel bars 2 and the connection steel bars 1 are consistent, the diameters and the materials of the embedded steel bars 2 and the connection steel bars 1 are the same; and in order to ensure that the embedded steel bars 2 are embedded into the metal sleeve to a sufficient depth, the top ends of the embedded steel bars 2 are higher than the grouting openings 5.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to the present invention can detect the grouting metal sleeve according to the following steps:
firstly, preparing a control group grouting metal sleeve by using the same cement slurry 4 as the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve, and then determining the compactness of the cement slurry 4 in the control group grouting metal sleeve by using an X-ray CT detection method;
detecting an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart of the control group grouting metal sleeve by a TDR tester 9, recording the curve A and storing the curve A on a computer 10 and the TDR tester 9;
acquiring an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart of the metal sleeve to be detected and grouted through a TDR tester 9, recording the curve B and storing the curve B on a computer 10 and the TDR tester 9;
comparing the curve A with the curve B, and if the curve A and the curve B have inconsistent trends of curves in a certain region, determining that the to-be-grouted metal sleeve of the curve B is not compact, wherein the part where the curve regions are inconsistent is an area where grouting is not compact; and if the trends of the curve A and the curve B are completely consistent, the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve B is considered to be compact.
If the wave form of the curve B which is suddenly changed at the position with inconsistent trend with the curve A has a section which is more gentle, and the longer the time period with inconsistent trend of the curve B and the curve A is, the larger the longitudinal defect of the metal sleeve to be detected and grouted along the sleeve is. And if the wave form of the curve B is steeper than that of the curve A at the position where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent, and the peak value is larger, the radial defect of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve along the sleeve is larger, so that the defect degree of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve can be determined. After the grouting metal sleeve to be detected is detected, in the practical application of the grouting metal sleeve, a series of reinforcing measures can be taken in a targeted manner at corresponding defect positions according to the detection result, such as: and (3) adding steel bars outside the grouting sleeve, drilling holes at the defective positions of the grouting sleeve, adding cement slurry 4, or directly replacing the grouting metal sleeve with serious defects.
As shown in fig. 2, the working principle of the transmission line of the TDR tester 9 is as follows: the TDR tester 9 excites an electromagnetic wave signal at t0The electromagnetic wave signal excited at the moment is transmitted in a cable 8 connected with a TDR tester 9, and the excited electromagnetic wave signal is recorded as VinThe electromagnetic wave signal transmitted in the cable 8 is recorded as VtrWhen the impedance on the transmission path of the cable 8 is continuous, V is calculated according to the transmission line theory and the time domain reflectometry principlein＝Vtr；t1Time electromagnetic wave signal VtrThere will be some portion along the transmission at the impedance discontinuityThe path is reflected and generates a reflected electromagnetic wave signal VreThe rest part of the electromagnetic wave signal VtrContinuing along the cable until the cable end is totally reflected back, and recording the time t2(ii) a In addition, the TDR tester 9 may also collect the change of the electromagnetic wave signal on the cable 8 in real time, and display the waveform of the electromagnetic wave on an oscilloscope, forming an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph; the staff can realize effective judgment on the position and degree of the impedance change of the cable 8 by analyzing the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph.
FIG. 3 shows a curve A, a curve B and a curve C of the variation of electromagnetic wave signal U with normal compactness, slight defect and serious defect along the longitudinal direction of the grouting metal sleeve along the time T, and workers can see that the peak size of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected at the curve trend variation position is UA<UB<UCTherefore, the longitudinal defect of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve C is larger than that of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve B.
As shown in fig. 4, a curve a, a curve b and a curve c of the variation relationship of the electromagnetic wave signal U with normal compactness, slight defect and serious defect in the radial direction with time T of the grouting metal sleeve are shown, and as can be seen by the staff from these three curves, the size of the waveform peak of the grouting metal sleeve to be detected at the curve trend change position is Ua<Ub<UcTherefore, the radial defect of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve c is larger than that of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve b.
The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A grouting metal sleeve compactness detection device based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection comprises a grouting metal sleeve, a TDR tester (9) and a computer (10); the grouting metal sleeve is characterized by comprising a hollow metal sleeve (3), a rubber plug (7), a cable (8), cement slurry (4), embedded steel bars (2) and connecting steel bars (1); the upper side and the lower side of the hollow metal sleeve (3) are respectively provided with a grout outlet (6) and a grouting port (5), the rubber plug (7) is used for sealing the grout outlet (6), and the rubber plug (7) is provided with a through pipe for a cable (8) to penetrate; the cable (8) penetrates into the through pipe until the cable is flush with the bottom of the hollow metal sleeve (3) or penetrates out of the hollow metal sleeve (3), and the cable (8) is not bent in the vertical direction; embedded steel bars (2) and connecting steel bars (1) are respectively embedded at the upper end and the lower end of the hollow metal sleeve (3); after the cable (8), the embedded steel bar (2) and the connecting steel bar (1) are connected in the hollow metal sleeve (3), the cement slurry (4) enters from the grouting opening (5), fills the hollow metal sleeve, and is solidified; the TDR tester (9) consists of an electromagnetic wave signal generator, a receiver and an oscilloscope; the TDR tester (9) is connected with a cable (8) close to one end of the grout outlet (6) and a computer (10); the TDR tester (9) excites electromagnetic waves on the cable (8) through the electromagnetic wave signal generator, receives signals reflected back on the cable (8) through the receiver, finally displays the signals on the oscilloscope in real time, and stores an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve graph to the computer (10) and the TDR tester (9).
2. The device for detecting the compactness of the grouted metal sleeve based on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the embedded steel bars (2) and the connecting steel bars (1) are on the same straight line.
3. The device for detecting the compactness of the grouted metal sleeve based on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameters and the materials of the embedded steel bars (2) and the connecting steel bars (1) are the same.
4. The device for detecting the compactness of the grouted metal sleeve based on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to the claim 1, is characterized in that: the top end of the embedded steel bar (2) is higher than the grouting opening (5).
5. A grouting metal sleeve compactness detection method based on electromagnetic wave time domain reflection is characterized in that the device of any one of claims 1-4 is used for detecting a grouting metal sleeve according to the following steps:
firstly, manufacturing a control group grouting metal sleeve by using cement slurry (4) which is the same as the grouting metal sleeve to be detected, and then determining the compactness of the cement slurry (4) in the control group grouting metal sleeve by using an X-ray CT detection method;
detecting an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart of the control group grouting metal sleeve by a TDR tester (9), recording the curve A and storing the curve A on a computer (10) and the TDR tester (9);
acquiring an electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart of the metal sleeve to be detected and grouted through a TDR tester (9), recording the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection curve chart as a curve B, and storing the curve B on a computer (10) and the TDR tester (9);
comparing the curve A with the curve B, and if the curve A and the curve B have inconsistent trends of curves in a certain region, determining that the to-be-grouted metal sleeve of the curve B is not compact, wherein the part where the curve regions are inconsistent is an area where grouting is not compact; and if the trends of the curve A and the curve B are completely consistent, the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve with the curve B is considered to be compact.
6. The method for detecting the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve based on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to claim 5, is characterized in that: if the wave form of the curve B which is suddenly changed at the position with inconsistent trend with the curve A has a section which is more gentle, and the longer the time period with inconsistent trend of the curve B and the curve A is, the larger the longitudinal defect of the metal sleeve to be detected and grouted along the sleeve is.
7. The method for detecting the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve based on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to claim 5, is characterized in that: and if the wave form of the curve B is steeper than that of the curve A at the position where the trend of the curve B is inconsistent, and the peak value is larger, the radial defect of the to-be-detected grouting metal sleeve along the sleeve is larger.
8. The method for detecting the compactness of the grouting metal sleeve based on the electromagnetic wave time domain reflection according to claim 5, is characterized in that: and when the grouting metal sleeve to be detected is applied, reinforcing steel bars are reinforced outside the grouting metal sleeve according to the defect position.
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| CN113484346A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-10-08 | 苏州信安检测技术有限公司 | Method and system for detecting grouting defects inside metal grouting sleeve |
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