CN111912732A - Open type experimental device and method for simulating multi-slug plug removal process - Google Patents
Open type experimental device and method for simulating multi-slug plug removal process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an open type experimental device and method for simulating a multi-slug unblocking process, which comprises a measuring cup for placing a blocking object, wherein the bottom of the measuring cup is provided with a screen; a scouring spray head is arranged at a corresponding position above the measuring cup, and a liquid collecting funnel is arranged at a corresponding position below the measuring cup; the outlet at the lower part of the liquid collecting funnel is connected with n constant temperature tanks, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; the lower part of each thermostatic bath is provided with a liquid supply pump, and the outlet of the liquid supply pump is connected with the inlet end of the flushing nozzle through a liquid supply hose; the measuring cup also comprises a mass sensor for measuring the weight of the measuring cup and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the measuring cup; the temperature sensor, the quality sensor, the liquid supply pump, the thermostatic bath, the first control valve and the second control valve are connected with the control device; the invention can simulate the dynamic change process of the reaction of the blockage removal slug combination and the blockage of a certain node or a plurality of continuous nodes, and carry out slug design and process optimization on the blockage removal slug combination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil exploitation, in particular to an open type experimental device and method for simulating a multi-slug plug removal process.
Background
With the continuous development of oil fields, more and more oil fields enter a medium-high water content stage at present, and the yield is obviously reduced, so that a plurality of oil fields adopt a chemical flooding method to improve the recovery ratio. Polymer flooding is a main means for improving the recovery rate of crude oil and is widely applied, but with the wide application of the polymer flooding, due to the viscoelasticity of the polymer and the existence of insoluble residues, the polymer is adsorbed and retained in a near-wellbore area, and the polymer solution wraps inorganic scale, oil stains and the like. The well bore of the polymer injection well/production well and the near wellbore area are blocked, the injection pressure is high, and the short injection of part of the wells is serious. And some oil wells are even stopped, so that the yield of the effective oil well is difficult to promote, the polymer flooding effect is seriously influenced, and efficient and rapid development cannot be realized.
Aiming at the blockage of a polymer injection well/a production well, one of the common blockage removal measures at present is chemical blockage removal, and the principle of the chemical blockage removal is that a polymer degradation agent is used for degrading high-concentration polymers and insoluble substances thereof, inorganic scale is dissolved by acid, and oil stain is removed by dissolving a cleaning agent, so that the blockage removal purpose is achieved.
The prior common method for the optimization experiment of the blocking remover is as follows: a large amount of blocking remover is used for carrying out long-time soaking experiments on the blocking object, observing the appearance change of the blocking object, drying and weighing the solid residue, and calculating the final dissolution rate of the blocking object to evaluate the blocking removing effect of the blocking remover. However, this method has the following disadvantages: 1) the dynamic behavior of the plug over time cannot be quantitatively evaluated. In fact, the reaction rate of the blocking remover and the blocking object is crucial to the design of the blocking removal process, and the actual effect of the blocking remover cannot be effectively evaluated due to the lack of blocking removal kinetic experimental data; 2) the plug retrieved on site contains moisture, and the calculation error of the final dissolution rate of the plug is large by the method of drying and weighing; 3) in the actual blockage removal process, the blockage removal agent flows away through the surface of a blockage instead of the process of soaking the blockage removal agent with a large dose for a long time, so that the process is not met and the guidance is poor; 4) in addition, the field multi-section plug unblocking process cannot be simulated, and the slug cannot be optimized. Due to the shortcomings of this evaluation method, the effect of the blocking remover preferably obtained by this method is not satisfactory in field work.
The conventional method for simulating the core blockage relieving experiment comprises the steps of injecting a high-concentration polymer into a core, then injecting a blockage relieving liquid, and testing the permeability recovery condition of the core after the blockage relieving liquid reacts with the polymer. The disadvantages are that: the permeability of different rock cores is different, so that the repeatability is poor and the experimental regularity is poor; the blockage simulation is that high-concentration polymers are directly injected, and the difference between the actual blockage of the polymer injection well and the actual blockage of the production well is larger; the experiment is complex, the preparation work is more, the experiment period is long, and the core manufacturing cost is high; in addition, plug variability from node to node cannot be modeled.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the invention provides an open type experimental device and method for simulating a multi-slug plug removal process, which can quantitatively evaluate the change condition of the plug removal rate along with time and can simulate the dynamic change process of the reaction of a plug remover and a plug.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an open experimental device for simulating a multi-slug unblocking process comprises a measuring cup for placing a blocking object, wherein a screen is arranged at the bottom of the measuring cup; a scouring spray head is arranged at a corresponding position above the measuring cup, and a liquid collecting funnel is arranged at a corresponding position below the measuring cup; the outlet at the lower part of the liquid collecting funnel is connected with n constant temperature tanks, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; the liquid collecting funnel is connected with the thermostatic bath through a liquid discharging hose; the liquid discharge hose comprises a main pipe and n branch pipes which correspond to the constant temperature tanks one by one, and each branch pipe is provided with a first control valve; the lower part of each thermostatic bath is provided with a liquid supply pump, and the outlet of the liquid supply pump is connected with the inlet end of the flushing nozzle through a liquid supply hose; the liquid supply hose comprises a main pipe and n branch pipes which correspond to the liquid supply pumps one by one, and a second control valve is arranged on each branch pipe; the measuring cup also comprises a mass sensor for measuring the weight of the measuring cup and a temperature sensor for measuring the temperature in the measuring cup; the temperature sensor, the quality sensor, the liquid supply pump, the thermostatic bath, the first control valve and the second control valve are connected with the control device.
The measuring cup fixing device further comprises a fixing rack, wherein a measuring cup fixing rack and a funnel support are arranged on the fixing rack; the measuring cup is arranged on the measuring cup fixing frame, and the liquid collecting funnel is arranged on the funnel support; the washing nozzle is arranged on the fixed rack.
Furthermore, the measuring cup is connected with the measuring cup fixing frame through threads; the upper part of the measuring cup is provided with external threads of the measuring cup, and the corresponding position of the fixing frame of the measuring cup is provided with internal threads matched with the external threads of the measuring cup; the washing nozzle is connected with the fixed rack.
Furthermore, a filter screen is arranged at the inlet end of the liquid supply pump, and a connecting hole through which the inlet end of the liquid supply pump penetrates is formed in the corresponding position of the thermostatic bath.
Furthermore, a cover is arranged on the thermostatic bath, and a fixed base for fixing the fixed rack is arranged below the thermostatic bath; the branch pipe of the liquid discharge hose passes through the cover and extends into the thermostatic bath.
Further, the flushing sprayer comprises a sprayer head end and an upper inlet end; the nozzle end is conical structure, and the angle of nozzle end and plane is 10 ~ 25.
Furthermore, the upper part of the flushing nozzle is provided with an external thread of the flushing nozzle, and the corresponding position of the main pipe of the liquid supply hose is provided with an internal thread matched with the external thread of the flushing nozzle.
Furthermore, N experimental devices are connected in series, and N is more than or equal to 2; n experimental devices share one control device; n + N thermostatic chambers are arranged, N is the number of slugs, and N is more than or equal to 2; a liquid collecting funnel (7) in the first experimental device is connected with main pipes of liquid supply hoses of n constant temperature tanks (11); i is more than or equal to 1, and the outlet of a liquid collecting funnel in the ith experimental device corresponds to the (n + i) th thermostatic bath; the (n + i-1) th thermostatic bath is connected with the inlet end of a flushing sprayer in the ith experimental device.
A circulation flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method for a multi-section plug single-node blockage comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the number n of the slugs, and filling the prepared blocking remover into n constant temperature tanks;
step 2: fixing the measuring cup, and resetting the mass sensor; taking down the measuring cup, weighing the blocking object, putting the blocking object into the measuring cup, and collecting the mass m at the moment0；
And step 3: fixing the measuring cup, setting the opening time, sequence and times of the liquid supply pump and the corresponding second control valve, and setting the data acquisition period of the flow rate, the quality sensor and the temperature sensor of the liquid supply pump;
and 4, step 4: after the thermostatic bath reaches the preset temperature, the experiment is started, and the mass M of the blockage is collected at regular time through the mass sensoriAnd plug temperature Ti；
And 5: calculating the rate of removal of the clogging (m)0-Mi)/m0×100％。
A multi-segment plug multi-node plug series continuous flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the number N of slugs and the number N of series units, and connecting the devices;
step 2: the prepared blocking remover is filled in the first n constant temperature tanks;
and step 3: fixing the measuring cup, and resetting the mass sensor; taking off each measuring cup, respectively filling the weighed plugs, and recording the mass as mx0；
And 4, step 4: fixing the measuring cup, setting the opening time, sequence and times of the liquid supply pump and the corresponding second control valve, and setting the data acquisition period of the flow rate, the quality sensor and the temperature sensor of the liquid supply pump;
and 5: after the first n constant temperature tanks reach the preset temperature, starting the experiment, and regularly collecting the mass M of the blockage through the mass sensorxiAnd plug temperature Txi；
Step 6: calculating the rate of removal of the clogging (m)x0-Mxi)/mx0×100％。
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) under the condition that the blocking remover is fully contacted with the blocking object, the device can quantitatively evaluate the change condition of the blocking object removing rate along with time, namely, the dynamic change process of the reaction of the blocking object removing slug combination and the blocking object of a certain node or a plurality of continuous nodes can be simulated;
(2) according to the invention, the injection sequence, the injection amount, the injection concentration and the alternation times of the blockage removing slug combination can be respectively optimized according to the specific conditions of different nodes, so as to guide the design of a blockage removing process;
(3) the invention can research the related influence rules of different functional slugs and optimize the construction process of the multi-segment plug removal site;
(4) the multi-node plug serial continuous flushing can simulate the actual process of multi-segment plug combination blockage removal, is closer to the actual situation on site, and has stronger guiding effect;
(5) the invention realizes automatic data acquisition and automatic control through the control device, reduces human errors, and has good experimental repeatability, short experimental period and high efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a series structure of the experimental apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a flushing nozzle in the experimental apparatus of the present invention, wherein a is a front view and b is a nozzle end.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a measuring cup in the experimental apparatus of the present invention, wherein a is a front view and b is a screen.
Fig. 5 is a time-varying curve diagram of the circulation flushing deblocking effect of different deblocking agents in different flushing sequences in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a time-varying curve of the circulation flushing deblocking effect of different deblocking agents at different flushing time in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 7 shows the results of 3 parallel experiments under the conditions of fixed flushing sequence and flushing time in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a curve showing the continuous flushing deblocking effect with flushing time under the conditions of fixed flushing sequence and flushing time of 3 deblocking agents in example 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a fixed rack, 2-a quality sensor, 3-a measuring cup fixed rack, 4-a flushing sprayer, 5-a measuring cup, 6-a temperature sensor, 7-a liquid collecting funnel, 8-a funnel support, 9-a liquid discharging hose, 10-a cover, 11-a thermostatic bath, 12-a connecting hole, 13-a fixed base, 14-a filtering screen, 15-a liquid supplying pump, 16-a liquid supplying hose, 17-a second control valve, 18-a first control valve and 19-a control device.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-4, an open experimental device for simulating a multi-slug unblocking process includes a measuring cup 5 for placing a blocking object 52, wherein a screen 53 is arranged at the bottom of the measuring cup 5; a washing nozzle 4 is arranged at a corresponding position above the measuring cup 5, and a liquid collecting funnel 7 is arranged at a corresponding position below the measuring cup; the outlet at the lower part of the liquid collecting funnel 7 is connected with n constant temperature tanks 11, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; the outlet at the lower part of the liquid collecting funnel 7 is connected with n constant temperature tanks 11, wherein n is more than or equal to 2; the liquid collecting funnel 7 is connected with a thermostatic bath 11 through a liquid discharging hose 9; the liquid discharge hose 9 comprises a main pipe and n branch pipes which correspond to the constant temperature tanks 11 one by one, and each branch pipe is provided with a first control valve 18; the lower part of each constant temperature bath 11 is provided with a liquid supply pump 15, and the outlet of the liquid supply pump 15 is connected with the inlet end of the flushing nozzle 4 through a liquid supply hose 16; the liquid supply hose 16 comprises a main pipe and n branch pipes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid supply pumps 15, and each branch pipe is provided with a second control valve 17; also comprises a mass sensor 2 for measuring the weight of the measuring cup 5 and a temperature sensor 6 for measuring the temperature in the measuring cup 5; the temperature sensor 6, the mass sensor 2, the liquid feed pump 15, the thermostatic bath 11, the first control valve 18, and the second control valve 17 are connected to a control device 19. The measuring cup fixing device further comprises a fixing rack 1, wherein a measuring cup fixing frame 3 and a funnel support 8 are arranged on the fixing rack 1; the measuring cup 5 is arranged on the measuring cup fixing frame 3, and the liquid collecting funnel 7 is arranged on the funnel support 8; the flushing nozzle 4 is arranged on the fixed rack 1, and n in the invention is 3.
The measuring cup 5 is connected with the measuring cup fixing frame 3 through threads; the upper part of the measuring cup 5 is provided with a measuring cup external thread 51, and the corresponding position of the measuring cup fixing frame 3 is provided with an internal thread matched with the measuring cup external thread 51; the scouring spray head 4 is connected with the fixed rack 1; the thermostatic bath 11 is connected to the thermostatic bath 11 through the drain hose 9.
The inlet end of the liquid supply pump 15 is provided with a filter screen 14, and the corresponding position of the thermostatic bath 11 is provided with a connecting hole 12 through which the inlet end of the liquid supply pump 15 passes. A cover 10 is arranged on the thermostatic bath 11, and a fixed base 13 for fixing the fixed rack 1 is arranged below the thermostatic bath 11; the branch of the drain hose 9 extends through the lid 10 into the thermostatic bath 11.
The flush head 4 includes a head end 42 and an upper inlet end; the nozzle end 42 is a conical structure, and the angle between the nozzle end 42 and the plane is 10-25 degrees. The upper part of the flushing nozzle 4 is provided with a flushing nozzle external thread 41, and the corresponding position of the main pipe of the liquid supply hose 16 is provided with an internal thread matched with the flushing nozzle external thread 41.
N experimental devices are connected in series, and N is more than or equal to 2; the N experimental devices share one control device 19; n + N thermostatic chambers 11 are arranged, wherein N is the number of slugs and is more than or equal to 2; the liquid collecting funnel 7 in the first experimental device is connected with main pipes of liquid supply hoses 16 of n constant temperature baths 11; i is more than or equal to 1, and the outlet of a liquid collecting funnel 7 in the ith experimental device corresponds to the (n + i) th thermostatic bath 11; the n + i-1 th constant temperature bath 11 is connected with the inlet end of a flushing sprayer 4 in the ith experimental device; in the invention, N is 3, and N is 3.
The thermostatic bath 11 is made of a temperature-resistant acid-alkali-resistant transparent non-metallic material; the connecting hole 12 is arranged at the lower part of the side surface of the thermostatic bath 11 and is connected with the inlet end of the liquid supply pump 15; a cover 10 is arranged on the upper part of the thermostatic bath 11, a small hole is arranged on the cover 10 and is used for connecting a liquid discharge hose 9 at the outlet end of the liquid collection funnel 7, and blockage removing liquid after flushing blockage is collected. The temperature control range of the thermostatic bath 11 is 5-95 ℃, the experiment temperature of a target oil reservoir can be conveniently simulated, plugging removal experiments of different plugging removal systems can be conveniently carried out, and the application range is wider.
The liquid feed pump 10 can be subjected to temperature resistance and acid and alkali resistance treatment, such as spray coating. The inlet end of the liquid supply pump 15 is provided with the filter screen 14, so that solid particles can be prevented from being sucked, the reliability of the blockage relieving simulation experiment result is improved, the flow of the liquid supply pump 15 is adjustable, and the change of the site blockage relieving discharge capacity can be simulated. A plurality of liquid supply pumps 15 are connected in parallel with the washing nozzle 4 through liquid supply hoses 16; and a liquid supply hose 16 of each liquid supply pump 15 is provided with a second control valve 17, and the control valves adopt electric ball valves to realize slug switching and simulate field slug injection.
The washing nozzle 4 can be subjected to temperature resistance and acid and alkali resistance treatment, such as spraying coating. The aperture of a water outlet on the washing nozzle 4 is 1.5 mm; the nozzle end 42 is of a conical structure, the angle between the conical surface of the nozzle and the plane is 10-25 degrees, the blockage removing agent is guaranteed to be fully contacted with a blockage in each experiment, and the experiment repeatability is further improved.
The measuring cup 5, the fixed rack 1 and the measuring cup fixing rack 3 are made of temperature-resistant and acid-alkali-resistant materials, or are coated with coatings by spraying; the screen 53 is 4-10 meshes and is used for placing the blockage 52, and the blockage 52 can fall into the constant temperature groove 11 through the screen 53 after being dissolved by the blocking remover. The mesh number of the screen 53 can be adjusted according to the situation of the blockage. The plug 52 is placed on a screen 53 through which fine particles formed by dissolution/erosion of the plug by the deblocking agent can fall into the thermostatic bath 11. When a single experimental device is adopted, the lower part of the liquid collecting funnel 7 is connected with the liquid discharge hose 9, and the liquid discharge hose 9 can be arranged into a main pipe and n branch pipes; the n branch pipes respectively penetrate through the covers 10 on the thermostatic chambers 11 and penetrate into the thermostatic chambers; the n branch pipes are provided with first control valves 18, and when different blocking removal agents are adopted, the blocking removal agents can flow into the constant temperature groove 11 again after flushing the blocking objects to realize circulation; the thermostatic bath 11 into which it flows is controlled by a first control valve 18. When N experimental apparatus establish ties, collect liquid funnel 7 sub-unit connection drain hose 9, drain hose 9 passes and collects liquid funnel 7 lower part and corresponds the lid on the constant temperature groove 11, goes deep into inside constant temperature groove 11. The M + N th thermostatic bath 11 may serve as a waste liquid bath. The blocky blockage can not pass through the screen 53, and the measuring cup 5 is in threaded connection with the measuring cup fixing frame 3, so that the operation is simple and convenient. The fixed stand 1 serves as a fixing and supporting device.
When the mass sensor is used, the mass sensor 2 can be arranged on the measuring cup fixing frame 3, and the mass sensor 2 is accurate to 0.01 g. The change condition of the quality of the blockage along with the washing time of the blocking remover can be monitored, and the simulation blocking removal effect can be evaluated. The temperature sensor 6 is arranged on the inner wall of the measuring cup 5, can monitor the temperature change of the blockage removing agent and the blockage during the reaction process, and is convenient for analyzing the blockage removing mechanism of the blockage removing agent.
The control device 19 can integrate control software to control the temperature of the thermostatic bath 11, the start-stop, the running time and the flow of the liquid supply pump 15; data of the mass sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 6 are collected, operation is simple, human errors are reduced, and experimental repeatability is further improved. The start-stop period of the liquid supply pump 15 can be set according to the collection frequency of the quality and temperature data, and the flushing is suspended when the quality and temperature are monitored.
The thermostatic bath 11, the liquid supply pump 15, the scouring spray head 4 and the measuring cup 5 can be made of temperature-resistant acid-alkali-resistant materials, can also be provided with temperature-resistant acid-alkali-resistant coatings, can bear different temperatures of underground deblocking operation and adapt to deblocking agents of various different types, and has a wider application range.
For more convenient combination, a modular design can be adopted, for example, the constant temperature bath 11 and the liquid supply pump 15 are constant temperature liquid supply/collection modules; the number of the constant temperature bath 11 and the liquid feed pump 15 is determined by the number of the plugging agent plugs. The scouring spray head 4, the measuring cup 5 and the liquid collecting funnel 7 are plug/scouring modules; the flush head 4 is connected in parallel with a plurality of fluid supply pumps 15 via fluid supply hoses 16. The mass sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 6 are plug mass/temperature testing modules. The control device 17 comprises a computer and data acquisition software and control software which are arranged in the computer, and the control device 17 controls the temperature sensor 6, the quality sensor 2, the liquid supply pump 15 and the thermostatic bath 11 to work; the data collected by the temperature sensor 6 and the quality sensor 2 are collected and stored and processed, and the data collection software and the control software control system adopt the existing method to compile software suitable for the method.
The blockage removal simulation experiment method adopting the blockage removal simulation experiment device comprises the following two steps:
a multi-section plug single-node plug circulation flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method comprises the steps that plugs of a single node in a polymer injection well/a production well are filled into a measuring cup 5, different blockage removal agent plugs flush the plugs according to a designed sequence and time, then flow back to a constant temperature tank 11 corresponding to each blockage removal agent plug through a liquid collection funnel 7, and then are pumped by a liquid supply pump 15 to circularly flush the plugs; the drain hose 16 is connected with the outlet end of the liquid collecting funnel 7 through parallel connection, and the drain hose 16 on each thermostatic bath is provided with a control valve.
A circulation flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method for a multi-section plug single-node blockage comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the number n of the slugs, and filling the prepared blocking remover into n constant temperature tanks 11; setting the temperature as the unblocking operation temperature;
step 2: fixing the measuring cup 5, and resetting the mass sensor 2; taking off the measuring cup 5, weighing the plug 52 and putting into the measuring cup 5, and collecting the mass m at this moment0；
And step 3: fixing the measuring cup 5, setting a liquid supply pump 15 and the opening time, sequence and times of a corresponding second control valve 17, and determining the injection sequence, injection time and slug alternation times of each blocking remover; the flow of the liquid supply pump 15, the data acquisition period of the mass sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 6;
and 4, step 4: after the thermostatic bath 11 reaches the preset temperature, the experiment is started, and the mass M of the plug 52 is acquired by the mass sensor 2 at regular timeiAnd plug 52 temperature Ti；
And 5: calculating the rate of removal of the clogging (m)0-Mi)/m0×100％。
A multi-section plug multi-node plug series connection continuous flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method comprises the steps of connecting multiple sets of blockage removal simulation experiment units in series, sequentially filling the blockage of multiple nodes in a polymer injection well/production well into a blockage measuring cup 5, continuously flushing the blockage of the multiple nodes by different blockage removal agent slugs, enabling a liquid collecting tank of a previous-stage unit to be a liquid supply tank of a next-stage unit, and enabling a constant temperature tank which finally flows in to be a waste liquid tank. The blockage removing effect of a plurality of blockage removing agent slugs continuously flowing through different nodes/positions in the blockage removing process of the polymer injection well/the production well can be simulated.
A multi-segment plug multi-node plug series continuous flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the number N of slugs and the number N of series units, and connecting the devices; the outlet of the liquid supply pump of each node is connected with the flushing nozzle 4, the outlet of the liquid collection funnel 7 of the previous node is connected to the thermostatic bath 11 of the next node, and the outlet of the liquid collection funnel 7 of the last node is connected to the waste liquid bath (the last thermostatic bath is used as the waste liquid bath and is not provided with a liquid supply pump).
Step 2: the prepared blocking remover is filled in the first n constant temperature tanks 11, and the temperature is set to be the underground blocking removing operation temperature through a control device 19;
and step 3: the fixed measuring cup 5 is fixed on the measuring cup fixing frame 3; clearing the mass sensor 2; each measuring cup 5 is removed and filled with the weighed plug 52, and the mass m is collectedx0；
And 4, step 4: fixing the measuring cup 5, and fixing the measuring cup 5 on the measuring cup fixing frame 3; setting the opening time, sequence and times of the liquid supply pump 15 and the corresponding second control valve 17, namely setting the injection sequence, injection time and slug alternation times of each deblocking agent; the flow of the liquid supply pump 15, the data acquisition period of the mass sensor 2 and the temperature sensor 6;
and 5: after the first n constant temperature tanks 11 reach the preset temperature, starting the experiment, and regularly acquiring the mass M of the plug 52 through the mass sensor 2xiAnd a plug 52 temperature Txi；
Step 6: calculating the rate of removal of the clogging (m)x0-Mxi)/mx0×100％。
The blocking object can be prepared by a simulation experiment, and the on-site return flow can also be directly adopted. The components and the content of the plug are different due to different positions of the near wellbore area of the polymer injection well/production well. The single-node plug refers to a plug at a certain node/position of the polymer injection well/production well; multi-node plugs refer to plugs at different nodes/locations of the polymer injection/production wells.
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples.
The temperature condition of the simulated underground blockage removal operation is 60 ℃, and the blockage removal agents for performing the slug optimization experiment are respectively a washing oil agent polyoxyethylene octyl phenol ether (OP-10), a polymer degradation agent Sodium Percarbonate (SPC) and an inorganic matter corrosion agent hydrochloric acid (HCl); all three agents are purchased from Kyowa Cologne Chemicals, Inc., and the blockage is polymer injection well return.
Example 1
The experimental device is shown in figure 1, and a single-node blockage circulation flushing blockage removal simulation method is adopted to optimize the injection sequence and the injection time of the blockage removal agent slug. The injection time of the three blocking removers is 20min, and the injection sequence is respectively as follows: OP-10, SPC, HCl; HCl, OP-10, SPC; SPC, HCl, OP-10; optimizing the injection amount of the slug, wherein the injection sequence is OP-10, SPC and HCl; the injection time is respectively as follows: 20min, 20min and 20 min; 10min, 40min and 10 min; 5min and 5min, and carrying out parallel experiments under the conditions of optimal slug injection sequence and injection quantity.
Step 1: respectively preparing an oil washing agent OP-10 with the concentration of 0.5%, an SPC with the concentration of 1% and an HCl with the concentration of 1.5%, respectively filling 3 blocking removers into 3 constant temperature tanks, and setting the temperature to be 60 ℃ for blocking removal operation;
step 2: the measuring cup 5 is fixed, and the measuring cup 5 is fixed on the measuring cup fixing frame 3; clearing the mass sensor 2; the measuring cup 5 is removed, the plug 52 is weighed into the measuring cup 5, and the mass m is recorded0＝151.314g；
And step 3: fixing the measuring cup 5, and fixing the measuring cup 5 on the measuring cup fixing frame 3; setting the flow of the liquid supply pump 15 to be 5mL/s and the acquisition period of the mass sensor 2 to be 2min, and selecting the end flushing time to be 60 min; the blocking remover is sequentially injected with an oil washing agent OP-10, a polymer degrading agent SPC and an inorganic matter corrosion remover HCl; the flushing time of the three blocking removers is 20min, 20min and 20min respectively; the injection sequence and injection time are controlled by controlling the second control valve 17.
And 4, step 4: after the thermostatic bath 11 reaches the preset temperature, the experiment is started, and the mass M of the plug 52 is acquired by the mass sensor 2 at regular timeiAnd plug 52 temperature;
and 5: calculating the plug removal rate (m)0-Mi)/m0×100％。
Under the condition that the injection time of the three deblocking agents is 20min, the steps are repeated in the experiment with the injection sequence of HCl, OP-10, SPC and SPC, HCl and OP-10, and the experimental result is shown in FIG. 5.
The injection sequence is OP-10, SPC and HCl, the injection time is respectively 10min, 40min, 10min and 5min, 50min and 5min, and the above steps are repeated, and the experimental result is shown in FIG. 6.
As can be seen from FIG. 5, when the three kinds of blocking removers are injected in the order of OP-10, SPC and HCl, the dissolution removal effect on the regurgitation product is the best; as can be seen from FIG. 6, the effect of dissolving the regurgitated material is the best when the OP-10, SPC and HCl injection times are 10min, 40min and 10min, respectively. The dynamic course of the mass of the regurgitated material can be seen from the figure.
As can be seen from fig. 7, the injection sequence is OP-10, SPC, and HCl, the injection time is 10min, 40min, and 10min, respectively, and the results of the three parallel experiments remain consistent, which indicates that the experimental apparatus and method have good repeatability.
Example 2
The experimental device shown in figure 2 is adopted, the field continuous blockage removing effect of the multi-slug blockage removing agent is simulated by adopting a multi-node blockage serial continuous flushing blockage removing simulation experimental method, and different node blockages adopt different return discharge amounts of return spits.
Step 1: determining the number of N-3 and N-3, and connecting the devices; the outlet of the liquid supply pump of each node is connected with the flushing nozzle 4, the outlet of the liquid collection funnel 7 of the previous node is connected with the constant temperature bath 11 of the next node, (the last constant temperature bath is used as a waste liquid bath, and no liquid supply pump is arranged).
Step 2: the prepared blocking remover is filled in each thermostatic bath 11; oil-washing agent OP-10 with the concentration of 0.5%, SPC with the concentration of 1% and HCl with the concentration of 1.5% are respectively prepared, the three blocking removers are respectively put into three constant temperature tanks, and the temperature is set to be 60 ℃ through a control device 19.
And step 3: the measuring cup 5 is fixed on the measuring cup fixing frame 3; clearing the mass sensor 2; each measuring cup 5 is removed and filled with a weighed plug 52, and the mass m is recorded at this pointx0(ii) a The return discharge of three nodes in the polymer injection well/production well is respectively 25m3、50m3、70m3The return vomit is sequentially and uniformly filled into each measuring cup, and the mass m at the moment is recorded10＝150.21g、m20＝149.83g、m30＝150.38g。
And 4, step 4: fixing the measuring cup 5, and fixing the measuring cup 5 on the measuring cup fixing frame 3; setting the opening time, sequence and times of the liquid supply pump 15 and the corresponding second control valve 17, namely setting the injection sequence, injection time and slug alternation times of each deblocking agent; the flow of the liquid supply pump 15 is 5mL/s, the acquisition period of the mass sensor 2 is 2min, and the data acquisition period of the temperature sensor 6 is set; the end flushing time is 60 min. The injection sequence and the injection time are controlled by controlling the second control valve 17, and the injection sequence comprises an oil washing agent OP-10, a polymer degrading agent SPC and an inorganic matter corrosion inhibitor HCl in sequence; in addition, the flushing time of OP-10, SPC and HCl are respectively set to be 10min, 40min and 10 min.
And 5: after the thermostatic bath 11 reaches the preset temperature of 60 ℃, the experiment is started, and the mass M of the plug 52 is collected by the mass sensor 2 at regular timexiAnd plug 52 temperature; the mass of the plugging material is M1i、M2i、M3i。
Step 6: calculating the plug removal rate (m)x0-Mxi)/mx0X 100%, the first node blockage removal rate is (m)10-M1i)/m10X 100%, the second node blockage removal rate is (m)20-M2i)/m20X 100%, and the third node blockage removal rate is (m)30-M3i)/m30×100％。
By continuously flushing plugs with different nodes by the blocking remover (plugs with different components are obtained by different return discharge volumes), the blocking removal effect of flowing of the multi-section blocking remover through different positions in the blocking removal process of the polymer injection well/production well can be simulated, as shown in fig. 8.
As can be seen from fig. 8, the plug removal rate of the OP-10, SPC, and HCl multi-stage plugging unblocking agent passing through different nodes is different, and the unblocking effect at the third node is poor due to the component difference of plugs with different flowback amounts and the decrease of the concentration of the unblocking agent in the unblocking process. The method can be used for guiding the optimization of the blockage removal system.
The principle used in the invention is as follows:
the blocking principle is as follows: the plug is deposited/cemented in the shaft and the pore space of the porous medium to form a low-permeability block mass, so that the flow conductivity of the well entry channel is reduced or lost rapidly;
the blockage removal principle is as follows: erosion/removal of sedimentary/cementitious components within the wellbore and in the pores of the porous media restores/enhances conductivity.
The erosion/removal of deposited/cemented components process is the dispersion process of the low-permeability agglomerates and the overall mass reduction process. When the blockage remover washes the blockage, the cementing components in the blockage are gradually eroded/destroyed, so that the blockage is dispersed into fine particles and flows away through the filter screen. The dynamic change condition of the quality of the blockage is monitored along with the change of the flushing time, and the blockage removal dynamic effect of different blockage removal agent slug combinations on the blockage of a certain node or a plurality of continuous nodes can be quantitatively evaluated. The method can also be used for quantitatively evaluating the influence rule of different types of functional slugs (such as isolation slugs and auxiliary slugs) on the blockage removing effect and optimizing the blockage removing construction process.
Under the ideal condition, namely under the condition that the blocking remover is fully contacted with the blocking object, the change condition of the blocking object removing rate along with time can be quantitatively evaluated, namely the dynamic change process of the reaction of different blocking remover slug combinations and the blocking object of a certain single node or a plurality of continuous nodes can be simulated. The injection sequence, the injection amount, the injection concentration and the alternation times of the blockage removing combined slug can be respectively optimized according to the specific conditions of different nodes, so as to guide the design of the blockage removing process. Research on related influence rules of different functional slugs (such as an isolation slug and an auxiliary slug) can be carried out, so that the construction process of the multi-segment slug unblocking site can be optimized; the plug used in the plug removal experiment can be prepared in a laboratory in a simulation mode or by adopting field actual return spit according to the plug mechanism and the plug condition of different underground nodes, the field actual condition is better met, and the experimental result has more guiding significance for the design of the plug removal process. The multi-node plug serial continuous scouring simulates the actual process of multi-segment plug combination blockage removal, is closer to the actual situation on site, and has stronger guiding effect. The modularized design is adopted, the combination is convenient, and two blockage removal simulation experiment modes (single-node circulation, series connection and multi-node continuity) can be realized; the automatic control and data acquisition device is adopted, so that the data can be automatically acquired and operated, the human errors are reduced, the experimental repeatability is good, the experimental period is short, and the efficiency is high. And a plurality of parts are made of acid and alkali resistant materials, so that plugging removal simulation experiments of different plugging removal systems can be performed, and the application range is wide.
In conclusion, the dynamic change process of the blockage removal slug combination reacting with the blockage of a certain node or a plurality of continuous nodes can be simulated, and the injection sequence, the injection quantity, the injection concentration and the alternation times of the blockage removal slug combination can be respectively optimized according to the specific conditions of different nodes to guide the design of the blockage removal process. Meanwhile, the control device is adopted to control the experiment process, the operation is simple, and the experiment stability can be greatly improved. The experimental device and the experimental method can be used for optimizing the multi-slug deblocking system, simulate the field continuous deblocking effect of the multi-slug deblocking agent, and provide a platform for designing and optimizing the composite deblocking system and researching the deblocking rule.
Claims (10)
1. An open experimental device for simulating a multi-slug unblocking process is characterized by comprising a measuring cup (5) for placing a blocking object (52), wherein the bottom of the measuring cup (5) is provided with a screen (53); a scouring spray head (4) is arranged at a corresponding position above the measuring cup (5), and a liquid collecting funnel (7) is arranged at a corresponding position below the measuring cup; the lower outlet of the liquid collecting funnel (7) is connected with n constant temperature tanks (11), wherein n is more than or equal to 2; the liquid collecting funnel (7) is connected with a thermostatic bath (11) through a liquid discharging hose (9); the liquid discharge hose (9) comprises a main pipe and n branch pipes which correspond to the constant temperature tanks (11) one by one, and each branch pipe is provided with a first control valve (18); the lower part of each thermostatic bath (11) is provided with a liquid supply pump (15), and the outlet of the liquid supply pump (15) is connected with the inlet end of the flushing nozzle (4) through a liquid supply hose (16); the liquid supply hose (16) comprises a main pipe and n branch pipes which are in one-to-one correspondence with the liquid supply pumps (15), and each branch pipe is provided with a second control valve (17); the measuring cup also comprises a mass sensor (2) for measuring the weight of the measuring cup (5) and a temperature sensor (6) for measuring the temperature in the measuring cup (5); the temperature sensor (6), the mass sensor (2), the liquid supply pump (15), the thermostatic bath (11), the first control valve (18) and the second control valve (17) are connected with the control device (19).
2. The open type experimental device for simulating the multi-slug unblocking process according to claim 1, further comprising a fixed bench (1), wherein the fixed bench (1) is provided with a measuring cup fixing frame (3) and a funnel support (8); the measuring cup (5) is arranged on the measuring cup fixing frame (3), and the liquid collecting funnel (7) is arranged on the funnel support (8); the flushing nozzle (4) is arranged on the fixed rack (1).
3. The open experimental device for simulating the multi-slug unblocking process according to claim 2, wherein the measuring cup (5) is connected with the measuring cup fixing frame (3) through a screw thread; the upper part of the measuring cup (5) is provided with a measuring cup external thread (51), and the corresponding position of the measuring cup fixing frame (3) is provided with an internal thread matched with the measuring cup external thread (51); the washing nozzle (4) is connected with the fixed rack (1).
4. The open experimental device for simulating the multi-slug unblocking process according to claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the liquid supply pump (15) is provided with a filter screen (14), and the thermostatic bath (11) is provided with a connecting hole (12) at a position corresponding to the inlet end of the liquid supply pump (15).
5. The open experimental device for simulating the multi-slug unblocking process according to claim 1, wherein a cover (10) is disposed on the thermostatic bath (11), and a fixing base (13) for fixing the fixing rack (1) is disposed under the thermostatic bath (11); the branch pipe of the drainage hose (9) passes through the cover (10) and extends into the thermostatic bath (11).
6. The open experimental facility for simulating a multiple slug unblocking process according to claim 1, wherein the flush nozzle (4) comprises a nozzle end (42) and an upper inlet end; the nozzle end (42) is of a conical structure, and the angle between the nozzle end (42) and the plane is 10-25 degrees.
7. The open experimental device for simulating the multi-slug unblocking process according to claim 1, wherein the upper portion of the flushing nozzle (4) is provided with a flushing nozzle external thread (41), and the main pipe of the liquid supply hose (16) is provided with an internal thread matched with the flushing nozzle external thread (41) at a corresponding position.
8. The open experimental device for simulating the multi-slug unblocking process according to claim 1, wherein N experimental devices are connected in series, N is greater than or equal to 2; the N experimental devices share one control device (19); n + N thermostatic chambers (11) are arranged, N is the number of slugs, and N is more than or equal to 2; a liquid collecting funnel (7) in the first experimental device is connected with main pipes of liquid supply hoses (16) of n constant temperature tanks (11); i is more than or equal to 1, and an outlet of a liquid collecting funnel (7) in the ith experimental device corresponds to the (n + i) th thermostatic bath (11); the (n + i-1) th thermostatic bath (11) is connected with the inlet end of a flushing nozzle (4) in the ith experimental device.
9. The method for simulating the circulation flushing type blockage removal of the multi-section plug single-node blockage of the experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: determining the number n of the slugs, and filling the prepared blocking remover into n constant temperature tanks (11);
step 2:fixing the measuring cup (5), and resetting the mass sensor (2); taking off the measuring cup (5), weighing the plug (52) and putting the plug into the measuring cup (5), and collecting the mass m at the moment0；
And step 3: the measuring cup (5) is fixed, the opening time, sequence and times of the liquid supply pump (15) and the corresponding second control valve (17) are set, and the data acquisition periods of the flow of the liquid supply pump (15), the mass sensor (2) and the temperature sensor (6) are set;
and 4, step 4: after the thermostatic bath (11) reaches the preset temperature, starting an experiment, and regularly acquiring the mass M of the plug (52) through the mass sensor (2)iAnd plug (52) temperature Ti；
And 5: calculating the rate of removal of the clogging (m)0-Mi)/m0×100％。
10. The multi-segment plug multi-node plug series continuous flushing type blockage removal simulation experiment method of the experiment device as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the number N of slugs and the number N of series units, and connecting the devices;
step 2: the prepared blocking remover is filled in the first n constant temperature tanks (11);
and step 3: fixing the measuring cup (5), and resetting the mass sensor (2); removing each measuring cup (5), respectively filling with weighed plugs (52), and collecting the mass mx0；
And 4, step 4: the measuring cup (5) is fixed, the opening time, sequence and times of the liquid supply pump (15) and the corresponding second control valve (17) are set, and the data acquisition periods of the flow of the liquid supply pump (15), the mass sensor (2) and the temperature sensor (6) are set;
and 5: after the first n constant temperature tanks (11) reach the preset temperature, starting an experiment, and regularly acquiring the mass M of the plug (52) through the mass sensor (2)xiAnd plug (52) temperature Txi；
Step 6: calculating the rate of removal of the clogging (m)x0-Mxi)/mx0×100％。
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