CN111906127A - Pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment, in particular to a solid-state hazardous waste treatment system, which comprises a first screening unit, a crushing unit and a second screening unit in sequence along the material movement direction, wherein the crushing unit comprises a crusher for crushing solid-state organic hazardous waste into particles with the particle size of less than 150mm, a crushing chamber is arranged in the crusher, the side wall of the crushing chamber is communicated with a dredging pipe, and a safety rupture membrane is fixed at one end of the dredging pipe, which is far away from the crushing chamber. The scheme removes impurities in the solid-state organic matter hazardous waste and processes the impurities into products with uniform particle sizes, and is used for solving the technical problems of unstable properties such as fuel value and insufficient combustion when the solid-state organic matter hazardous waste is incinerated in a cement kiln. The treatment system can be applied to the practical operation of comprehensive utilization of solid organic hazardous wastes.

Description

Pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of hazardous waste treatment, relates to a pretreatment system for solid hazardous waste, and particularly relates to a pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste.

Background

Hazardous waste (hazardous waste) refers to waste with hazardous characteristics listed in the national hazardous waste list or identified according to the national hazardous waste identification standards and methods. The solid hazardous waste includes solid organic hazardous waste, mainly organic solid hazardous waste (including packaging waste, contaminated fiber, filtered waste and the like) with combustion performance, and is different from inorganic solid hazardous waste (such as soil, glass and the like). The existing treatment process of the solid organic hazardous waste is mainly to bury the waste or send the waste to mechanisms such as a cement kiln and the like as fuel after simple classification. In simple landfill, pollutants can permeate into the deep layer of soil along with underground water, and can cause great harm to the ecological environment. If the solid organic hazardous waste is not treated and directly combusted, the solid organic hazardous waste can be insufficiently combusted, and a large amount of harmful gas or gas which does not meet emission standards is generated. And physicochemical properties such as the fuel value, the density and the homogenization degree of the untreated solid-state organic matter hazardous waste cannot be determined, so that the parameters such as the feeding amount of the solid-state organic matter hazardous waste in the cement kiln cannot be estimated, and the temperature of the cement kiln cannot be effectively controlled. In addition, if only the solid organic matter hazardous waste is simply treated, a large amount of harmful substances and substances which are not suitable for combustion are mixed in the hazardous waste, and the environment is greatly polluted after the combustion. And, the processing mode of prior art often will endanger useless the solid state organic matter danger that produces the enterprise and abolish and transport cement kiln department and burn, but solid state organic matter danger is useless the form various, has caused the difficulty for the transportation, and the cost of transportation is higher. The existing hazardous waste-cement kiln cooperative treatment mode has a larger problem, and a more scientific and reasonable treatment mode of the hazardous waste of the solid organic matters needs to be researched and developed urgently, so that the harmless treatment of the hazardous waste of the solid organic matters is more efficient and energy-saving.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste, which is used for sequentially treating the solid organic hazardous waste by arranging a first screening unit, a crushing unit and a second screening unit, removing impurities in the solid organic hazardous waste and treating the impurities into products with uniform particle sizes, and solving the technical problems of unstable properties such as the fuel value of the solid organic hazardous waste and insufficient combustion in a cement kiln.

In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

useless processing system of solid-state organic matter danger includes first screening unit, broken unit and second screening unit in proper order along the material direction of motion, broken unit is equipped with broken room including being used for smashing solid-state organic matter danger into the breaker that the particle diameter is less than 150mm in the breaker, the intercommunication has the dredging pipe on the lateral wall of broken room, the one end of keeping away from broken room of dredging pipe is fixed with safe rupture membrane.

By adopting the technical scheme, the technical principle and the beneficial effects are as follows: after the solid-state organic hazardous waste is subjected to screening treatment by the first screening unit, crushing treatment by the crushing unit and secondary screening treatment by the second screening unit, the solid-state organic hazardous waste can become a solid-state organic hazardous waste finished product for downstream enterprises to use (for example, as a fuel of a cement plant), and comprehensive utilization of resources is realized. Solid-state organic matter danger after will removing the impurity is useless carries out crushing treatment in crushing unit, because some flammable and explosive impurity probably does not fully clear away and the crushing chamber is interior big dust, takes place burning or explosion easily in the crushing chamber. When burning or explosion takes place, the atmospheric pressure in the crushing chamber expands fast, sets up safe rupture membrane on the crushing chamber and can reach quick pressure release function, avoids the damage of the breaker that internal pressure too big caused. The side wall of the crushing chamber is communicated with a dredging pipe, so that the gas can be guided, and excessive gas is guided to the outside of the crushing chamber. The safety rupture disk is not directly arranged on the side wall of the crushing chamber, but is arranged at one end of the dredging conduit far away from the crushing chamber, so that the safety rupture disk is prevented from being extruded and scratched by materials in the crushing chamber when moving, and the abrasion to the safety rupture disk is reduced.

The product with the particle size smaller than 150mm obtained after the crushing treatment can be fully combusted at the kiln head of the cement kiln, so that the condition that toxic and harmful gases such as dioxin and the like are generated due to insufficient combustion of organic matters is avoided. The product is put into the kiln head of a cement kiln, the particle size of the product is less than 150mm, so that the solid organic hazardous waste finished product can be fully combusted in a certain time (the retention time of the finished product in a high-temperature section of the kiln head is about 15 minutes), and gas meeting the emission standard is formed. The treated solid organic hazardous waste can also be used as fuel to provide heat for the cement kiln.

The solid-state organic matter dangerous waste is sequentially treated by the first screening unit, the crushing unit and the second screening unit in the scheme, the dangerous waste is treated into a finished product with uniform particle size, only organic matters are contained in the finished product through multiple screening treatments, the stability and uniformity of the physicochemical properties of the finished product of the solid-state organic matter can be ensured, and the finished product can be used as a standardized product (stable combustion value in batches) and combusted at the kiln head of the cement kiln. The treatment of dangerous waste in the prior art is usually carried out by simple classification and then combustion treatment. However, after simple classification, the hazardous waste of the solid organic matters is directly combusted, so that the hazardous waste is insufficiently combusted, and a large amount of harmful gas is generated. In addition, the part with recycling value in the hazardous waste is not comprehensively utilized (can be used as fuel), and the hazardous substances are not completely removed by simple classification and unified combustion treatment, so that the combustion of the hazardous substances can bring about more serious environmental pollution. This scheme has taken the useless processing theory of more advanced danger, will endanger useless and will be handled into standardized product with the useless harmless treatment when useless, and this standardized product has properties such as stable burning value, when carrying out combustion treatment to standardized product, can accurately learn the relation of the quantity of standardized product and the energy that its burning produced.

Further, the safety rupture disk is detachably fixed on the dredging pipe.

By adopting the technical scheme, the safe rupture disk is convenient to replace after being damaged.

Further, the safety rupture disk is a rubber membrane, and non-penetrability scratches are arranged on the surface of the safety rupture disk.

By adopting the technical scheme, the burst strength in the crushing chamber is generally 1-2kg, and the rubber film can sufficiently bear the impact force. The scratch is arranged for the purpose that when the safety rupture disk is exploded at a specified weak point, gas is rapidly released for pressure relief.

Further, the pretreatment system also includes a nitrogen generation unit for providing nitrogen to the crushing chamber and adjusting the oxygen content in the crushing chamber to less than or equal to 8%.

By adopting the technical scheme, the nitrogen making unit can provide nitrogen for the crushing chamber to reduce the oxygen content in the crushing chamber and reduce the possibility of combustion and explosion. The oxygen content in the crushing chamber is controlled to be less than or equal to 8 percent, the level of combustion-supporting substances is reduced, and the combustion and explosion in the crushing chamber can be further prevented.

Further, the nitrogen making unit comprises a nitrogen making system, and the nitrogen making system is communicated with the crushing chamber through a nitrogen tank.

By adopting the technical scheme, the nitrogen can be temporarily stored, and the nitrogen is charged into the crushing chamber under the condition that the oxygen content in the crushing chamber is too high.

Further, the crushing unit comprises a material pit for temporarily storing the material conveyed from the first sieving unit.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, can the material of keeping in, because the breaker can not continuous feeding, keep in the material with the material pit, when the breaker needs the feeding, grab out and put into the breaker from the material pit by the grab bucket driving a vehicle.

Further, the first screening unit comprises a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor which are sequentially arranged along the material moving direction; and the first belt conveyor is sequentially provided with a manual separation position, a first magnetic separator and a metal detector, wherein the manual separation position is used for removing metal substances in the solid organic matter hazardous waste, substances with the Python hardness of more than 4, substances with the size of more than a feed inlet of the crusher and inflammable and explosive substances, the first magnetic separator is used for removing ferrous metals in the solid organic matter hazardous waste, and the metal detector is used for detecting nonferrous metals in the solid organic matter hazardous waste.

By adopting the technical scheme, hard materials (particularly metal materials), large objects (particularly objects which cannot enter a crusher) and flammable and explosive materials are removed through manual screening, and then the iron materials which are not removed through manual screening are removed through a first magnetic separator. Besides detecting ferrous metal, the metal detector also has the function of detecting and finding other metals. If the metal detector detects that metal exists in the material, an alarm is given to prompt a worker to stop the first belt conveyor, take the material back, and perform manual screening and first magnetic separator screening again. Because some metal articles can be wrapped in hazardous wastes of organic matters such as fabrics, the parts are easily missed by manual screening, and a metal detector is needed for detection.

This technical scheme has guaranteed that screening back solid state organic matter danger is useless contains flammable and explosive material as far as possible, has reduced the possibility that broken unit takes place to burn and explode. The substances with the hardness of more than 4 in Python are mainly rock and bricks with the hardness of more than 4 in Python; the flammable and combustible substances refer to substances or articles specified in the reference book of flammable and combustible substances and articles (compiled by the research center of the national emergency administration). The magnetic separator and the metal detector have different functions, the magnetic separator mainly aims at ferrous metals such as ferrous alloy materials, and the metal detector mainly aims at non-ferrous metals such as copper metals. The manual screening is to screen metal substances (including ferrous metals and nonferrous metals). Ferrous metals and nonferrous metals screened by the magnetic separator and the metal detector can be used as regeneration wastes for additional treatment.

Further, the first belt conveyor is used for conveying materials to the second belt conveyor, and the second belt conveyor is used for conveying the materials to the material pit at a belt speed of 1.5-2 m/s.

By adopting the technical scheme, the materials are screened on the first belt conveyor and then are conveyed to the second belt conveyor, the belt speed of the second belt conveyor is high, the materials can be quickly thrown into a pit (material pit), and the materials are prevented from being attached to the wall of the material pit due to slow falling.

Further, the second screening unit comprises a third belt conveyor and a second magnetic separator located above the third belt conveyor.

By adopting the technical scheme, metal impurities (iron) are further removed after crushing, and the finished product is ensured to contain no metal particles (iron) which are substances incapable of being combusted in the cement kiln and need to be removed.

Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged in the crushing chamber.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme, temperature sensor is used for surveying the indoor temperature of crushing, and if the high temperature, the risk of explosion and burning is great, need stop the breaker operation, prevents that explosion or burning from taking place in the crushing room.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a solid organic matter hazardous waste treatment system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a crushing chamber according to example 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the H portion of fig. 2.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a cleaning structure and a drain conduit according to example 2 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a first screening unit A, a crushing unit B, a nitrogen making unit C, a second screening unit D, a conveying unit E, a first belt conveyor A1, a second belt conveyor A2, a first magnetic separator A3, a metal detector A4, a material pit B1, a grab bucket travelling crane B2, a crusher B3, a third belt conveyor D1, a second magnetic separator D2, a fourth belt conveyor E1, a compressor P, a solid organic matter dangerous waste finished product F, crushing dangerous waste R1 to be screened, qualified dangerous waste R2, a crushing chamber 1, a nitrogen conveying pipe 2, a dredging pipe 3, a fixed flange plate 4, a disassembly flange plate 5, a safety blasting membrane 6, a pipe cover 7, a connecting rod 8, a cleaning ring 9, a spiral metal wire 10, a limiting block 11 and a nut 12.

Example 1

As shown in fig. 1 (solid lines with arrows in the figure indicate the conveying direction of the solid organic matter dangerous waste), the solid organic matter dangerous waste treatment system comprises a first screening unit a, a crushing unit B, a nitrogen making unit C, a second screening unit D and a conveying unit E. The first screening unit A, the crushing unit B and the second screening unit D are sequentially arranged along the direction of material movement. And the nitrogen production unit C is used for conveying nitrogen to the crushing unit B. After the solid-state organic matter dangerous waste is recycled (from upstream enterprises and generated in the production process of the upstream enterprises), the solid-state organic matter dangerous waste is divided into crushing dangerous waste R1 to be screened and qualified dangerous waste R2 through physicochemical property detection. The solid organic matter hazardous waste is mainly light materials such as clothes, woven fabrics, cotton gloves, rubber gloves, PP/PE/HEPE/LDPE/PVC barrels, fiber filter cloth, packing materials and the like with various textures contaminated by a small amount of hazardous articles. The solid dangerous waste collected from waste production enterprises is often entrained with metal substances, and the mixed loading phenomenon is common. Common hazardous substances infected by solid organic hazardous wastes mainly comprise mineral oil, a solvent, a dye, a coating, paint, inorganic acid and the like. The hazardous waste of the solid organic matters is mainly HW06, HW12, HW49 and the like in the national records of hazardous waste, and has flammability (the possibility of spontaneous combustion exists a little) and certain volatility. In addition, the judgment standard of qualified dangerous waste R2 is two: (1) all are solid organic matters; (2) the grain diameter is less than 150 mm. The solid organic matter dangerous wastes which do not meet the standard of the qualified dangerous wastes R2 are classified into crushing dangerous wastes R1 to be screened. The qualified hazardous waste R2 can be directly compressed and boxed to obtain a solid organic matter hazardous waste finished product F; and the dangerous waste R1 to be screened and crushed needs to be screened and crushed to obtain the solid organic matter dangerous waste finished product F. The equipment setting conditions of the harmless treatment of the hazardous waste R1 to be screened and crushed are as follows:

the first sieving unit a includes a manual sorting station (not shown), a first belt conveyor a1, a second belt conveyor a2, a first magnetic separator A3(RCYD), and a metal detector a4 (IMD-I). The second belt conveyor a2 is located at the end of the first belt conveyor a1, and the second belt conveyor a2 is at a lower elevation than the first belt conveyor a 1. The first magnetic separator A3 and the metal detector a4 are both fixed above the first belt conveyor a1 (the first magnetic separator A3 and the metal detector a4 are both fixed through a rack), and the manual sorting positions are arranged on both sides of the first belt conveyor a 1. The manual separation position, the first magnetic separator A3 and the metal detector a4 are arranged in sequence along the direction in which the material is conveyed on the first belt conveyor a1 (the direction of movement of the material). After the materials (to-be-screened and crushed hazardous waste R1) are sorted on the first belt conveyor A1, the materials become screened solid organic matter hazardous waste, and then the screened solid organic matter hazardous waste is conveyed to the second belt conveyor A2 to be conveyed continuously.

The crushing unit B comprises a material pit B1 and a crusher B3 which are arranged in sequence along the direction of movement of the material. The second belt conveyor A2 conveys materials (namely the screened solid organic matter danger) to a material pit B1 for temporary storage, a grab bucket crane B2 grabs the materials in the material pit B1 and puts the materials into a crusher B3(Q100HD, SSI, shear type crusher), and a crusher B3 completes crushing treatment on the screened solid organic matter danger waste to obtain crushed materials. In order to increase the safety of the crusher unit B and prevent the combustion and explosion of the material in the crusher B3, the present embodiment modifies the crusher B3. The structure of the crusher B3 of the prior art is as follows: the crusher B3 comprises a crushing chamber 1, an upper gate is arranged at the upper opening of the crushing chamber 1, a lower gate is arranged at the lower opening of the crushing chamber 1, and a double-shaft tearing type cutter set is arranged in the crushing chamber 1. In this embodiment, a through hole is formed in the side wall of the crushing chamber 1, the through hole is communicated with a dredging pipe 3, the dredging pipe 3 is welded to the side wall of the crushing chamber 1, and the dredging pipe 3 is located above the biaxial tearing type cutter set (compared with the situation that the dredging pipe 3 is located below the biaxial tearing type cutter set, the material is prevented from entering the dredging pipe 3). As shown in fig. 2 and 3, a fixed flange 4 is integrally formed at one end of the dredging pipe 3 away from the crushing chamber 1, a detachable flange 5 is fixed on the fixed flange 4 through a bolt and nut 12 structure, and the safe rupture membrane 6 is pressed on the dredging pipe 3 by the fixed flange 4 and the detachable flange 5. The disassembling flange 5 is formed by integrally forming a middle short pipe and a disk surface, the short pipe is coaxial with the disk surface, and the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the short pipe are consistent with the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the dredging pipe 3. In this embodiment, the safety rupture disk 6 is a rubber membrane, and the surface of the safety rupture disk 6 is provided with non-penetrating scratches. One end of the intrinsically safe rupture membrane 6 of the dredging pipe 3 needs to face an open place, so that objects such as equipment cannot exist, and the rupture membrane cannot be arranged towards people, and the eruptions generated during blasting are prevented from hurting people or damaging the equipment.

As shown in fig. 2, the lower part of the crushing chamber 1 communicates with a nitrogen production system (not shown in fig. 2) of the nitrogen production unit C through a nitrogen gas delivery pipe 2. When the material is crushed, the oxygen content in the crushing chamber 1 needs to be kept less than 8%, and the oxygen content in the crushing chamber 1 is adjusted in a nitrogen flushing mode. When the crusher B3 is used for crushing the screened waste solid organic matter, the upper gate is opened, the waste solid organic matter danger is added into the crushing chamber 1, then the upper gate is closed, nitrogen is flushed into the crushing chamber 1, and the oxygen content in the crushing chamber 1 is adjusted to be less than 8% (in the process, the crushing chamber 1 is sealed by the upper gate and the lower gate, the pressure in the crushing chamber 1 is continuously increased by the filled nitrogen, and the oxygen content is compressed to be less than 8%). After the crushing operation is finished, the lower gate is opened to discharge. Each crushing operation requires readjustment of the pressure in the crushing chamber 1 to below 8%. Preferably, a nitrogen tank is further provided between the nitrogen producing unit C and the crushing chamber 1 for temporarily storing nitrogen gas, because the crusher B3 cannot be operated continuously and can perform the next crushing operation only after one crushing operation is completed. In addition, the crushing unit B is provided with an alarm device (TW07-P series main unit, temperature sensor with PT100 model, which is installed in the crushing chamber 1 for detecting the temperature in the crushing chamber 1. When the temperature in the crushing chamber 1 is higher than 80 ℃, the alarm device gives an alarm to prompt an operator (first high-temperature alarm), the material in the crusher B3 is in danger of explosion or combustion, and the operator determines whether to stop feeding or stop crushing operation when the crusher is shut down according to the field condition; when the temperature in the crushing chamber 1 is higher than 100 ℃, the alarm device gives an alarm to prompt the operator again (second high temperature alarm), and at the moment, the machine must be shut down to stop feeding and crushing operation.

The second screening unit D includes a third belt conveyor D1 and a second magnetic separator D2(RCYD), the second magnetic separator D2 being fixed above the third belt conveyor D1 (the second magnetic separator D2 being fixed by a frame). The crushed material output from the crusher B3 was subjected to screening by the second magnetic separator D2 while being conveyed by the third belt conveyor D1 to remove metal particles, and the screened crushed material was obtained. And compressing the screened crushed material by a compressor P to obtain a solid organic hazardous waste finished product F. The compression treatment is to make the product regular in shape and easy to pack.

The treatment route of the solid organic waste danger is as follows:

(1) step of preliminary classification

After the solid organic matter dangerous waste is recovered, physical and chemical property detection is carried out, the solid organic matter dangerous waste which meets the process requirements (such as particle size, type and the like) is divided into qualified dangerous waste R2, the qualified dangerous waste R2 is transmitted to a compressor P through a transmission unit E (comprising a fourth belt conveyor E1(S1200-LY)), and a solid organic matter dangerous waste finished product F is formed after compression treatment. And the solid-state organic matter dangerous waste with the physicochemical property detection result not meeting the process requirement is divided into crushing dangerous waste R1 to be screened. The range of the solid organic hazardous waste is shown in table 1, wherein the category refers to the category specified in the national hazardous waste record.

TABLE 1 solid-state organic hazardous waste Range

(2) First sieving step

This step is carried out in the first screening unit a. The hazardous waste R1 to be screened and crushed is conveyed into a first belt conveyor A1, and after being manually sorted (inorganic substances or flammable and explosive substances such as metal substances, glass, batteries and lighters are removed, and large objects which cannot enter a crusher B3 are removed) and metal substances (mainly iron) are removed by a first magnetic separator A3, a metal detector A4 detects whether metal substances exist in the materials. If the metal detector A4 shows that no metal substance exists in the material, qualified solid organic waste after screening is obtained. If there is metal material in the metal detector A4 material, it is necessary to stop the machine (stop the first belt conveyor A1) and retrieve the material on the first belt conveyor A1 and re-screen it (re-manual screening and first magnetic separator A3 screening). The screened solid organic waste danger is conveyed to a second belt conveyor A2 from a first belt conveyor A1, and then conveyed to a material pit B1 in a crushing unit B by a second belt conveyor A2 for temporary storage.

(3) A crushing step

This step is carried out in the crushing unit B. Since the crusher B3 cannot work continuously, a pit B1 is required to temporarily store the material. The belt speed (1.5m/s-2m/s) of the second belt conveyor A2 is higher than that (2-10m/min) of the first belt conveyor A1, so that the materials can be quickly thrown into a pit (a material pit B1), the situation that the materials are attached to the wall of the material pit B1 due to slow falling to affect the operation of stacking and a grab bucket B2 is avoided, and the loss of equipment is reduced. While the first belt conveyor a1 is slower in speed, enough time may be reserved for various screening operations. The screened solid organic hazardous wastes in the material pit B1 are grabbed into a crusher B3 by a grab bucket B2, and crushed materials are obtained after crushing treatment.

(4) Second sieving step

This step is carried out in the second screening unit D. The crushed materials are conveyed by a third belt conveyor D1, and simultaneously the metal particle removing operation is carried out on the crushed materials by a second magnetic separator D2, so that the sieved crushed materials are obtained.

(5) Step of obtaining finished product

And (3) compressing the screened crushed material by a compressor P to obtain a solid organic hazardous waste finished product F (the physical and chemical indexes are shown in Table 2). The particle size of the solid organic matter dangerous waste finished product F is less than or equal to 150mm, the solid organic matter dangerous waste finished product F with the particle size is an economical and efficient choice, can be used as a fuel, and the production cost is controlled in a reasonable range.

TABLE 2 physicochemical indices of the finished products

Serial number	Item	Unit of	Index limit value
				1	Solid state particle size and particle size	mm	≤150mm
2	Heat value	kcal	Batch stabilization

Example 2:

this embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that a cleaning structure is further provided in the leading pipe 3 of this embodiment, and the fixing manner of the safety rupture disk 6 is different. Because when the material explodes in crushing chamber 1, some crushed aggregates can be rushed into dredging pipe 3, and in time, dredging pipe 3 can be blocked up to influence the explosion-proof effect (gas can not be in time got rid of), this embodiment has optimized the structure, has avoided above-mentioned condition to appear. In this embodiment, the safety rupture disk 6 is no longer fixed to the guide tube 3 in the form of a flange, but is crimped to the end of the guide tube 3 remote from the crushing chamber 1 by means of the tube cover 7. The outer side of the cylindrical side wall of the pipe cover 7 is provided with internal threads, and the outer side of the pipe wall of the dredging pipe 3 is provided with external threads matched with the internal threads. The top wall of the pipe cover 7 (i.e. the wall of the pipe cover 7 on the right side in fig. 4, the top wall of the pipe cover 7 is opposite to the opening of the dredging pipe 3) is provided with a circular through hole, and the diameter of the circular through hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the dredging pipe 3. Place safe rupture disk 6 in tube cap 7 for safe rupture disk 6 is perpendicular with dredging pipe 3, then rotates tube cap 7, makes tube cap 7 spin tightly on dredging pipe 3 after, can fix safe rupture disk 6 on dredging pipe 3. The cleaning structure comprises a connecting rod 8 and a cleaning ring 9 which are welded with each other, the cleaning ring 9 is perpendicular to the connecting rod 8, and the connecting rod 8 is perpendicular to the dredging pipe 3. The cleaning ring 9 is wound with a spiral metal wire 10 (made of stainless steel material) to clean the inner wall of the dredging pipe 3. The end of the connecting rod 8 far away from the cleaning ring 9 is a tip end, and the safety rupture disk 6 can be punctured. The side of the connecting rod 8 far away from the cleaning ring 9 is further integrally formed with a limiting block 11, and the outer surface of the connecting rod 8 on the right side of the limiting block 11 is provided with external threads. The right end of the connecting rod 8 penetrates through the safety rupture membrane 6, penetrates through a hole in the top wall of the tube cover 7, and is screwed with the nut 12, and the connecting rod 8 penetrates through the hole. The cleaning structure is fixed on the pipe cover 7 by the limiting block 11 and the nut 12, and the safety rupture disk 6 can be fixed on the pipe cover 7 to prevent the safety rupture disk 6 from falling off.

When in use, the safety rupture disk 6 is fixed on the tube cover 7 through the connecting rod 8, then the cleaning ring 9 is placed in the dredging tube 3, and finally the tube cover 7 is screwed tightly. If a burst occurs, the safety rupture disk 6 ruptures, requiring replacement of the safety rupture disk 6. In the process of taking out the pipe cover 7, the pipe cover 7 moves towards the direction far away from the crushing chamber 1, meanwhile, the cleaning ring 9 is driven to move, the cleaning ring 9 and the spiral metal wire 10 have a cleaning effect on the inner wall of the dredging pipe 3, and the accumulation of particle substances is avoided. And, take out the tube cap 7, at first need rotate the tube cap 7, the connecting rod 8 drives the cleaning ring 9 to rotate in dredging pipe 3 at the same time, can rub and clean the inner wall of dredging pipe 3 more thoroughly.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge in the art of designing and/or characterizing particular aspects and/or features is not described in any greater detail herein. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical solution of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. Solid-state organic matter hazardous waste's pretreatment systems includes first screening unit, crushing unit and second screening unit, its characterized in that along material direction of motion in proper order: the crushing unit comprises a crusher for crushing solid organic matter hazardous waste into particles with the particle size smaller than 150mm, a crushing chamber is arranged in the crusher, a dredging pipe is communicated with the side wall of the crushing chamber, and a safety rupture membrane is fixed at one end, far away from the crushing chamber, of the dredging pipe.

2. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 1, wherein: the safety rupture disk is detachably fixed on the dredging pipe.

3. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 2, wherein: the safety rupture disk is a rubber membrane, and the surface of the safety rupture disk is provided with non-penetrable scratches.

4. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the pretreatment system also includes a nitrogen-producing unit for providing nitrogen gas to the crushing chamber and regulating the oxygen content in the crushing chamber to less than or equal to 8%.

5. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 4, wherein: the nitrogen making unit comprises a nitrogen making system, and the nitrogen making system is communicated with the crushing chamber through a nitrogen tank.

6. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 5, wherein: the crushing unit comprises a material pit for temporarily storing the material conveyed from the first sieving unit.

7. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 6, wherein: the first screening unit comprises a first belt conveyor and a second belt conveyor which are sequentially arranged along the material moving direction; and the first belt conveyor is sequentially provided with a manual separation position, a first magnetic separator and a metal detector, wherein the manual separation position is used for removing metal substances in the solid organic matter hazardous waste, substances with the Python hardness of more than 4, substances with the size of more than a feed inlet of the crusher and inflammable and explosive substances, the first magnetic separator is used for removing ferrous metals in the solid organic matter hazardous waste, and the metal detector is used for detecting nonferrous metals in the solid organic matter hazardous waste.

8. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 7, wherein: the first belt conveyor is used for conveying materials to the second belt conveyor, and the second belt conveyor is used for conveying the materials to the material pit at a belt speed of 1.5-2 m/s.

9. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to claim 8, wherein: the second screening unit comprises a third belt conveyor and a second magnetic separator positioned above the third belt conveyor.

10. The pretreatment system for solid organic hazardous waste according to any one of claims 1 to 3 and 5 to 9, wherein: and a temperature sensor is arranged in the crushing chamber.

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