CN111896108B - Method and device for adjusting imaging spectrometer - Google Patents
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- CN111896108B CN111896108B CN202010670087.9A CN202010670087A CN111896108B CN 111896108 B CN111896108 B CN 111896108B CN 202010670087 A CN202010670087 A CN 202010670087A CN 111896108 B CN111896108 B CN 111896108B
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/28—Investigating the spectrum
- G01J3/2823—Imaging spectrometer
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
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- G01J3/10—Arrangements of light sources specially adapted for spectrometry or colorimetry
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Abstract
The invention discloses an adjustment method of an imaging spectrometer, which comprises the steps of firstly placing a pre-drawn gradual line width stripe target beside a measured target; illuminating the gradient linewidth stripe target by adopting a multi-color light source to enable the gradient linewidth stripe target to be imaged on a detector of an imaging spectrometer to be adjusted; the imaging spectrometer adopts a single-frame display mode, the complex color image of the stripe board is sharp by adjusting the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and the single-wavelength gray value of the complex color image of the stripe target with the gradual change line width is displayed in real time; when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the displayed single-wavelength image is the largest, the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit is fixed, and the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer is realized. According to the method, the hyperspectral imaging detection of the limited-distance measured object can be realized by adjusting the distance between the front mirror and the slit without replacing the components of the existing imaging spectrometer, subjectivity of human eyes judgment can be avoided, and the assembling and adjusting precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of imaging spectrometers, in particular to an adjusting method and device of an imaging spectrometer.
Background
At present, an imaging spectrometer can acquire two-dimensional geometric information and spectral information of a detection target, is widely applied to the fields of remote sensing and scientific research, and generally consists of a telescope objective and a spectrometer, and a light splitting element comprises a grating, a prism or a prism grating assembly. The front objective lens of the imaging spectrometer usually adopts an infinite objective lens, the adjustment and detection of the imaging spectrometer usually realizes an infinite target in a laboratory through collimator simulation, the imaging is carried out on a primary slit through the objective lens, and the imaging is carried out on a detector after dispersion through the spectrometer; and then, carrying out data analysis through the simulated infinity target, and adjusting the relative positions of the slit and the infinity objective and the relative positions between the slit and the detector, so that the imaging quality meets the requirements.
Many imaging spectrometers today image close-range objects by using a short focal length lens, a finite distance lens, a microobjective, or by adjusting the distance between an infinity objective and a slit, and acquire two-dimensional geometric information and spectral information of a specific distance detection target in a laboratory or outdoors. Therefore, in the prior art, the imaging spectrometer is installed and adjusted and detected by simulating an infinite target by using a collimator in a laboratory, and the method is not applicable to close-range hyperspectral imaging any more.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an assembling and adjusting method and device of an imaging spectrometer, which can realize hyperspectral imaging detection of a limited-distance measured target by adjusting the distance between a front mirror and a slit without changing components of the existing imaging spectrometer, can avoid subjectivity of human eyes judgment and improve assembling and adjusting precision.
The invention aims at realizing the following technical scheme:
a method of tuning an imaging spectrometer, the method comprising:
and 4, when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the displayed single-wavelength image is maximum, fixing the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and realizing the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer.
According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the hyperspectral imaging detection of the limited-distance measured object can be realized by adjusting the distance between the front mirror and the slit without replacing the components of the conventional imaging spectrometer, the subjectivity of human eyes judgment can be avoided, and the assembling and adjusting precision is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an adjustment method of an imaging spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an optical path of an adjustment process of an imaging spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a gradient linewidth stripe target according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a target when evaluating imaging quality of an imaging spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an adjusting device of an imaging spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the dynamic transfer function MTF of the push-broom image push-broom dimension at a wavelength of 700nm for the imaging spectrometer of the present example;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing the dynamic transfer function of the spatial dimension of a push-broom image at a wavelength of 700nm for the imaging spectrometer of the present example;
fig. 8 is a plot of the point spread function of a push broom image at 700nm wavelength for the imaging spectrometer of this example.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
An embodiment of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of an adjustment method of an imaging spectrometer provided by the embodiment of the present invention is shown, where the method includes:
in this step, as shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic diagram of an optical path of an adjustment process of an imaging spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, a pre-drawn gradient linewidth stripe target is obtained by the following method:
firstly, measuring the distance between a measured object and an imaging spectrometer 4 to be assembled and adjusted by using a metric ruler, and calculating the line width of a gradual change line width stripe target 2 according to the object distance of the detected object, the focal length of a front mirror 5 and the width of a slit 6, wherein the gradual change line width stripe target is shown in a schematic diagram in fig. 3;
and drawing the gradual change line width stripe target 2 by drawing software, and printing by a printer to fix on a cardboard or realize corrosion, scribing and paint spraying on an aluminum plate, thereby being convenient for long-term use.
In addition, when the gradient linewidth stripe target is placed, the gradient linewidth stripe target 2 is perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging spectrometer 4 and aligned with the optical axis, and the stripe direction of the gradient linewidth stripe target 2 is perpendicular to the slit 6 of the imaging spectrometer 4.
in this step, as shown in fig. 2, the multi-color light source 1 is turned on in the laboratory to illuminate the gradient linewidth stripe target 2, the outdoor multi-color light source 1 can directly use sunlight, the imaging spectrometer 4 is turned on to collect software, single-frame display is adopted, the multi-color image 10 formed on the detector 8 by dispersing the gradient linewidth stripe target 2 through the slit 6 by the spectrometer 7 appears on the display screen of the computer 9, and the gray value of a certain line of the detector 8, namely, the single-wavelength gray value 11 of the multi-color image 10 of the gradient linewidth stripe target 2, is displayed on the display screen of the computer in real time, wherein the wavelength channel is selectable.
in this step, specifically, by adjusting the distance between the front mirror 5 and the slit 6 of the imaging spectrometer 4, the complex color image of the stripe board is sharp, the contrast of the complex color image 10 of the single-wavelength gradient linewidth stripe target 2 of the detector 8 is highest, and the single-wavelength gray value 11 of the complex color image 10 of the gradient linewidth stripe target 2 is displayed in real time.
And 4, when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the displayed single-wavelength image is maximum, fixing the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and realizing the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer.
In the adjusting process of step 4, the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer 4 may be further evaluated, which specifically includes:
as shown in fig. 2, when the difference between the peak-to-peak value 12 and the peak-to-valley value 13 of the displayed single-wavelength image is maximum, the positions of the front mirror 5 and the slit 6 of the imaging spectrometer 4 are fixed, and the static transfer function MTF of the imaging spectrometer 4 is calculated;
further replacing the pattern of the gradient linewidth stripe target 2, as shown in fig. 4, which is a target diagram when the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer is evaluated according to the embodiment of the invention, replacing the target shown in fig. 4, adjusting the exposure time of the detector 8 to enable the frame frequency of the detector 8 to be matched with the rotating speed of the one-dimensional turntable 3, and adjusting the software of an upper computer to enable the imaging spectrometer 4 to be in a push-broom mode, and performing push-broom imaging on the replaced gradient linewidth stripe target 2;
then, carrying out data analysis on the hyperspectral image of the changed gradual-change linewidth stripe target 2, and measuring the dynamic transfer function MTF of the push-broom dimension of the imaging spectrometer 4 by the longitudinal stripes 14 and 21 with gradual linewidth and the longitudinal edge 20; measuring the dynamic transfer function MTF of the space dimension by the transverse stripes 16, 19 with gradually changed line width and the transverse edge 17; the point spread functions of each wave band of each view field of the imaging spectrometer 4 are measured by white dots 15 and 18 with different diameters, so that the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer 4 is evaluated.
In addition, the gradual change linewidth stripe target 2 can be retracted, so that the imaging spectrometer 4 is in a push-broom mode, and the computer 9 simultaneously controls the rotating speed of the one-dimensional turntable 3 and the frame frequency of the detector 8, so that hyperspectral imaging of the measured target is realized.
Based on the above-mentioned tuning method, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a tuning device for an imaging spectrometer, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic structural diagram of the tuning device for an imaging spectrometer provided by the embodiment of the present invention, where the device includes a multiple-color light source, a pre-drawn gradient line width stripe target, an imaging spectrometer and a terminal processing device, where:
the imaging spectrometer is fixed on a one-dimensional rotating table, and a pre-drawn gradient linewidth stripe target is placed beside a measured target;
illuminating the gradient linewidth stripe target through the multi-color light source to enable the gradient linewidth stripe target to be imaged on a detector of the imaging spectrometer;
the detector of the imaging spectrometer is connected with the terminal processing equipment;
the imaging spectrometer adopts a single-frame display mode, the complex color image of the stripe board is sharp by adjusting the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and the single-wavelength gray value of the complex color image of the gradient linewidth stripe target is displayed on the terminal processing equipment in real time;
when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the single-wavelength image displayed on the terminal processing equipment is the largest, the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit is fixed, and the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer is realized.
In the specific implementation process, the multi-color light source adopts a halogen lamp with continuous spectrum or an LED lamp with characteristic wavelength;
when the device is used in the field, the multi-color light source directly adopts solar spectrum, so that the imaging spectrometer can be conveniently assembled and adjusted in the field.
The line width of the gradual change line width stripe target is calculated according to the object distance of the measured object, the focal length of the imaging spectrometer front mirror and the width of the slit, and the line width is 1/2 times, 1 times, 2 times and 4 times of the Nyquist frequency respectively. The specific acquisition mode is as described in the method embodiment.
The implementation process of the method and the device is described in detail below by using a specific example, in which a visible near infrared imaging spectrometer is required to be installed and adjusted, the scale of the detector is 2048 m×2048 m, the pixel size of the detector is 11um×11um, and hyperspectral imaging data of a cloud satellite model are obtained in a laboratory, and the technical indexes are as shown in table 1:
table 1 System index requirement
| System index | Index requirements |
| System F number | 2.4 |
| Spectrum range | 0.4～1.0μm |
| Front mirror focal length | 100mm |
| Spectrometer magnification | -1 |
| Slit length | 14mm |
| Slit width | 30um |
| Dispersion width | 11.264mm |
According to the index of the imaging spectrometer to be modulated, the modulation method provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) The length of the wind-cloud satellite model is measured to be 50cm by using a metric ruler, the focal length of the front mirror, the length of the slit and the position relation of a laboratory are comprehensively considered, the distance between the wind-cloud satellite model of a measured object and an imaging spectrometer is determined to be 5m, and the gradual change line width of a target is calculated to be 0.75mm,1.5mm,3mm and 6mm according to the focal length of the front mirror and the width of the slit of 30 um.
2) The target is drawn by computer graphics software and printed by a printer and fixed on a cardboard.
3) The cloud satellite model was placed on a laboratory optical platform, the distance was measured 4.5m with a metric ruler, the imaging spectrometer was fixed on a one-dimensional turntable, and the target was placed beside the cloud satellite model. The target is perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging spectrometer and aligned with the optical axis, and the fringe direction of the target is perpendicular to the slit of the imaging spectrometer.
4) The method comprises the steps of turning on a multi-color light source halogen tungsten lamp to illuminate a target, turning on imaging spectrometer acquisition software, adopting single-frame display, enabling the target to be dispersed through a slit by the spectrometer to form a multi-color image on a detector on a computer display screen, and displaying gray values of a certain line of the detector, namely single-wavelength gray values of the target multi-color image, on the computer display screen in real time, wherein wavelength channels are selectable.
5) The distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit is adjusted, so that the complex color image of the stripe board is sharp, the contrast of the single-wavelength target complex color image of the detector is highest, the single-wavelength gray value of the target complex color image is displayed in real time, and when the difference value between the peak value and the peak valley value of the single-wavelength image is maximum, the position of the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer is fixed, and the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer is realized; and meanwhile, the static transfer function MTF of the imaging spectrometer is calculated, and the MTF value at the Nyquist frequency is 0.45.
6) The pattern of the target is further replaced, the exposure time of the detector of the imaging spectrometer is adjusted, the frame frequency of the detector is matched with the rotating speed of the one-dimensional turntable, and the upper computer software is adjusted, so that the imaging spectrometer is in a push-broom mode, and push-broom imaging is carried out on the replaced target by the imaging spectrometer.
7) Data analysis is carried out on the hyperspectral image of the replacement target, and the dynamic transfer function MTF of the push-broom dimension of the imaging spectrometer can be measured by the longitudinal stripes with gradually changed line widths and the longitudinal edges, and as shown in FIG. 6, the schematic diagram of the dynamic transfer function MTF of the push-broom dimension of the imaging spectrometer with the wavelength of 700nm is shown.
The dynamic transfer function MTF of the space dimension is measured by the lateral fringes and the lateral edges with gradually changed line width, the MTF value at the nyquist frequency is 0.4, and as shown in fig. 7, the dynamic transfer function diagram of the push-broom image space dimension with the wavelength of 700nm of the imaging spectrometer of the present example is shown, and the MTF value at the nyquist frequency is 0.43.
The point spread function of each wave band of each view field of the imaging spectrometer can be measured by white dots with different diameters, as shown in fig. 8, which is a schematic diagram of the point spread function of the push-broom image with the wavelength of 700nm of the imaging spectrometer in the example, so as to evaluate the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer.
8) The target can be further retracted, so that the imaging spectrometer is in a push-broom mode, and the computer simultaneously controls the rotation speed of the one-dimensional turntable and the frame frequency of the detector, so that hyperspectral imaging of the wind-cloud satellite model is realized.
It is noted that what is not described in detail in the embodiments of the present invention belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art. Such as the use of target patterns in other imaging systems, changing the method of making the target, etc.
In summary, the method and the device of the embodiment of the invention can realize hyperspectral imaging detection of the limited-distance measured object by adjusting the distance between the front mirror and the slit without replacing the components of the traditional imaging spectrometer, judge the sharpness of the multi-color image of the stripe board by judging the difference value between the peak value and the valley value of the multi-color image of the single-wavelength gradual-change line width stripe target, avoid subjectivity of artificial naked eye judgment and ensure higher adjustment precision.
Meanwhile, the method can be used for analyzing and evaluating the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer by replacing the target image, and the method for assembling and adjusting does not need too many laboratory detection equipment, has a simple structure, is also beneficial to assembling and adjusting the imaging spectrometer and detecting the imaging quality in the field, and has the advantages of high speed, high precision, simple manufacturing method of the target and low cost.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A method of tuning an imaging spectrometer, the method comprising:
step 1, placing a pre-drawn gradient line width stripe target beside a measured target;
step 2, illuminating the gradient linewidth stripe target by adopting a multi-color light source, and imaging the gradient linewidth stripe target on a detector of an imaging spectrometer to be adjusted;
step 3, enabling the imaging spectrometer to adopt a single-frame display mode, enabling the complex color image of the gradual change linewidth stripe target to be sharp by adjusting the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and displaying a single-wavelength gray value of the complex color image of the gradual change linewidth stripe target in real time;
and 4, when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the displayed single-wavelength image is maximum, fixing the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and realizing the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer.
2. The method for tuning an imaging spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the pre-drawn gradient linewidth stripe target is obtained by:
measuring the distance between a measured object and an imaging spectrometer to be assembled and adjusted by using a metric ruler, and calculating the line width of the gradual change line width stripe target according to the object distance of the measured object, the focal length of a front mirror and the width of a slit;
and drawing the gradient line width stripe target by using drawing software, and printing by using a printer to fix the gradient line width stripe target on a hard paperboard or by etching, scoring and spraying paint on an aluminum plate, thereby being convenient for long-term use.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the gradient linewidth stripe target is made to be perpendicular to the optical axis of the imaging spectrometer and aligned with the optical axis when the gradient linewidth stripe target is placed, and the stripe direction of the gradient linewidth stripe target is perpendicular to the slit of the imaging spectrometer.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 3, specifically, the distance between the front mirror and the slit of the imaging spectrometer is adjusted so that the complex color image of the gradient linewidth stripe target is sharp and the contrast of the single-wavelength gradient linewidth stripe target complex color image of the detector is highest, and the single-wavelength gray value of the gradient linewidth stripe target complex color image is displayed in real time.
5. The method for adjusting an imaging spectrometer according to claim 1, wherein in the adjusting process of step 4, the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer is further evaluated, and the specific process is as follows:
when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the displayed single-wavelength image is maximum, fixing the positions of the front mirror and the slit of the imaging spectrometer, and calculating the static transfer function MTF of the imaging spectrometer;
further changing the pattern of the gradual change line width stripe target, adjusting the exposure time of the detector to enable the frame frequency of the detector to be matched with the rotating speed of the one-dimensional turntable, adjusting upper computer software to enable the imaging spectrometer to be in a push-broom mode, and performing push-broom imaging on the gradual change line width stripe target after being changed;
then carrying out data analysis on the hyperspectral image of the changed gradient linewidth stripe target, and measuring the dynamic transfer function MTF of the push-broom dimension of the imaging spectrometer by the longitudinal stripes with the gradually changed linewidth and the longitudinal edges; measuring a dynamic transfer function MTF of the space dimension by the transverse stripes with gradually changed line widths and the transverse edges; and measuring the point spread function of each wave band of each view field of the imaging spectrometer by white round points with different diameters, so as to realize the evaluation of the imaging quality of the imaging spectrometer.
6. The utility model provides a device is transferred in dress of imaging spectrometer which characterized in that, the device includes compound color light source, the gradual change linewidth stripe target of drawing in advance, imaging spectrometer and terminal processing equipment, wherein:
the imaging spectrometer is fixed on a one-dimensional rotating table, and a pre-drawn gradient linewidth stripe target is placed beside a measured target;
illuminating the gradient linewidth stripe target through the multi-color light source to enable the gradient linewidth stripe target to be imaged on a detector of the imaging spectrometer;
the detector of the imaging spectrometer is connected with the terminal processing equipment;
the imaging spectrometer adopts a single-frame display mode, the complex color image of the gradual change linewidth stripe target is sharp by adjusting the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit, and the single-wavelength gray value of the complex color image of the gradual change linewidth stripe target is displayed on the terminal processing equipment in real time;
when the difference value between the peak value and the peak value of the single-wavelength image displayed on the terminal processing equipment is the largest, the distance between the front mirror of the imaging spectrometer and the slit is fixed, and the adjustment of the imaging spectrometer is realized.
7. The apparatus for adjusting an imaging spectrometer as defined in claim 6, wherein,
the compound-color light source adopts a halogen lamp with continuous spectrum or an LED lamp with characteristic wavelength;
when the light source is used in the field, the multi-color light source directly adopts solar spectrum.
8. The apparatus for adjusting an imaging spectrometer as defined in claim 6, wherein,
the line width of the gradual change line width stripe target is calculated according to the object distance of the measured object, the focal length of the imaging spectrometer front mirror and the width of the slit;
the linewidth is 1/2 times, 1 times, 2 times and 4 times of the Nyquist frequency respectively.
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| CN109186759A (en) * | 2018-09-19 | 2019-01-11 | 北京空间机电研究所 | A kind of grating spectrograph image quality measurement method and apparatus |
| CN110196100A (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2019-09-03 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of quick Method of Adjustment of imaging spectrometer |
| CN110319932A (en) * | 2019-07-09 | 2019-10-11 | 中国科学院光电研究院 | A kind of high light spectrum image-forming optics system |
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