CN111895138A

CN111895138A - Constant pressure four-way water mixing valve

Info

Publication number: CN111895138A
Application number: CN202010669042.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴林平; 潘宗祥; 娄振祥; 葛小杰; 童彬霞
Original assignee: Ningbo Huaping Intelligent Control Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Huaping Intelligent Control Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-13
Filing date: 2020-07-13
Publication date: 2020-11-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve, which comprises a valve body, wherein the valve body is a tubular structural member, the periphery of the valve body is provided with two water inlet ends and two water outlet ends, an outer valve core, an inner valve core and a piston are coaxially arranged in the valve body, the piston is positioned in the inner valve core and can move along the axial direction in the inner valve core, the inner valve core is positioned in the outer valve core, the surface of the outer valve core is provided with a cold water hole and a hot water hole which are respectively communicated with the two water inlet ends, two input channels through which fluid can pass are arranged on the upper part, and two output channels separated from the input channel on the outer surface, the inner valve core is driven to rotate to enable the curved surface channel to be communicated with or closed from the cold water hole or the hot water hole, the middle part of the piston is provided with a baffle separation, the upper part and the lower part of the baffle are respectively provided with a water inlet and outlet group, the water inlet and outlet group comprises a water inlet communicated with one of the input channels, and the water inlet, the input channels, the cold water hole or the cold water hole form a circulation section together. The cold and hot inlet flow channel cross-sections can be changed to reduce or increase the flow to balance the temperature.

Description

Constant pressure four-way water mixing valve

Technical Field

The invention relates to a valve body, in particular to a balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve.

Background

Ground heating mixes water system mainly uses two-way valve and three-way valve as leading in the existing market, and these two kinds of forms mix water system have following problem: the cold water and the hot water are difficult to be synchronously regulated by adopting a water mixing system with a two-way valve, the water flow is not constant, the water temperature cannot be stably controlled, a bypass part is required to be added at the water return end of a heat source, and the wall-mounted furnace can generate condensation when the water return temperature is too low; although a water mixing system adopting a three-way valve can obtain stable mixed water, the primary system is not protected, and a quantitative bypass valve needs to be added at a heat source water return end to prevent a boiler from condensing; in addition, a water mixing system adopting a two-way valve or a three-way valve is adopted in the market at present, the two-way valve or the three-way valve is a cut-off valve, the water flow direction is fixed, the water mixing system cannot be used universally when being installed on the left side and the right side of the water collecting and distributing device, and the floor heating water supply device cannot be used universally when being installed on the upper surface and the floor heating water supply device is installed below the floor heating water supply device, so that inconvenience is brought to production, manufacturing and.

Therefore, a developer develops the four-way flow adjusting water mixing valve, cold water and hot water can reach the expected mixed water temperature after being mixed, the return water temperature of a heat source is ensured, and the condensation phenomenon caused by the lower return water temperature of the heat source can be effectively avoided. However, the existing four-way flow mixing valve also has some problems, such as: pressure difference exists between the cold water pipeline and the hot water pipeline, and dynamic balance cannot be realized in temperature. Aiming at the problems, the engineer designs a constant pressure four-way water mixing valve to solve the problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve, which can adjust the proportion of cold water inflow and hot water inflow by changing the flow cross section through rotating a handle, and can generate axial displacement of a piston according to the pressure difference of the cold water inflow and the hot water inflow so as to change the flow cross section of the cold water inflow and the hot water inflow of an inner valve core to reduce or increase the flow to balance the temperature.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the constant-pressure four-way water mixing valve comprises a valve body, wherein the valve body is a tubular structural member, two water inlet ends and two water outlet ends are arranged on the periphery of the valve body, an outer valve core, an inner valve core and a piston are coaxially arranged in the valve body, the piston is positioned in the inner valve core and can axially move in the inner valve core, the inner valve core is positioned in the outer valve core, a cold water hole and a hot water hole are formed in the surface of the outer valve core and are respectively communicated with the two water inlet ends, two input channels capable of allowing fluid to pass through and two output channels separated by the outer surface and the input channels are arranged on the inner valve core one above the other, the inner valve core is driven to rotate to adjust the curved surface channels to be communicated or closed with the cold water hole or the hot water hole, baffles are arranged in the middle of the piston, an inlet and outlet group is arranged on the upper side and the lower side of each baffle, And the water inlet, the input channel, the cold water hole or the cold water hole form a circulation section together.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the two water inlet ends are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the cold water hole and the hot water hole have height difference in the axial direction.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: outer valve core surface mounting have two waist shape to seal up, waist shape sealed pad edge be provided with the sealed protruding muscle of round and be connected with valve body inner wall leakproofness, the income water end be located sealed protruding muscle, waist shape seal up and be provided with the through-hole with cold water hole or hot water hole intercommunication, the fluid that gets into by the income water end will be sealed in sealed protruding muscle within range and only can get into cold water hole or hot water hole through the through-hole.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the bottom and the top of the outer valve core are provided with notches along the circumferential direction, the notches are connected with the output channel, the fluid output by the two notches is mixed between the outer circumferential surface of the outer valve core and the inner wall surface of the valve body, and the mixed fluid is reserved through the water outlet end.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: one of the two input channels is connected with the cold water hole, the other one is connected with the hot water hole, and the two output channels are respectively positioned above and below the two input channels.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the surface of the inner valve core is sleeved with a plurality of sealing rings, the outer wall of the inner valve core is connected with the inner wall of the outer valve core in a sealing mode through the sealing rings, the two adjacent input channels are separated through the sealing rings, and the adjacent input channels and the adjacent output channels are separated through the sealing rings.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the input channel comprises two input ports which are in a transverse waist-shaped structure, and the two input ports are correspondingly arranged.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the inner valve core is connected with the handle, and the rotation of the handle can drive the inner valve core to rotate around the shaft so as to adjust the conduction or the closing of the input channel and the cold water hole or the hot water hole.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the baffle plate cuts off an internal channel of the piston and divides the piston into an upper section and a lower section, the upper section and the lower section are symmetrically arranged, the top surface of the upper section is open, the bottom surface of the lower section is open, the upper section is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water outlet is positioned above the water inlet.

Further preferred embodiments of the present invention: the water inlet include along a plurality of round holes of circumference evenly distributed, delivery port and water inlet correspond the setting, the delivery port include along a plurality of round holes of circumference evenly distributed, upper segment and hypomere between, all be provided with the bulge loop between delivery port and the water inlet, bulge loop and inner valve core internal face sealing connection.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that the inner valve core is positioned in the outer valve core, the surface of the outer valve core is provided with the cold water hole and the hot water hole which are respectively communicated with the two water inlet ends, and the inner valve core is provided with two input channels through which fluid can pass and two output channels which are separated from the input channels on the outer surface. The input flow of cold water and hot water and the opening and closing of the valve body are controlled by arranging the outer valve core and the inner valve core which can generate relative circumferential movement. The piston is positioned in the inner valve core and can move in the inner valve core along the axial direction, the middle part of the piston is provided with a baffle for partition, and the upper part and the lower part of the baffle are both provided with a water inlet and outlet group. According to the invention, hot water is introduced above the piston partition plate, cold water is introduced below the piston partition plate, and the piston is driven to generate axial displacement by the pressure difference between the cold water and the hot water, so that the section of a water inlet flow passage formed by the piston and the inner valve core is changed, and the temperature is balanced by reducing or increasing the flow. The invention is composed of water inlet, input channel, cold water hole or cold water hole to form the flow cross section.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments, but those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are only drawn for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. Furthermore, unless specifically stated otherwise, the drawings are merely schematic representations based on conceptual representations of elements or structures depicted and may contain exaggerated displays and are not necessarily drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a partially exploded structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the valve body;

FIG. 5 is a first exploded view of the internal structure of the valve body;

fig. 6 is a second exploded view of the internal structure of the valve body.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6: the constant-pressure four-way water mixing valve comprises a valve body 1, wherein the valve body 1 is a tubular structure, two water inlet ends 21 and two water outlet ends 22 are arranged on the periphery of the valve body 1, an outer valve core 23, an inner valve core 24 and a piston 37 are coaxially arranged in the valve body 1, the piston 37 is positioned in the inner valve core 24 and can move in the inner valve core 24 along the axial direction, the inner valve core 24 is positioned in the outer valve core 23, a cold water hole 25 and a hot water hole 26 are arranged on the surface of the outer valve core 23 and are respectively communicated with the two water inlet ends 21, two input channels 27 allowing fluid to pass through and two output channels 28 separated from the input channels 27 on the outer surface are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner valve core 24, the inner valve core 24 is driven to rotate to adjust the communication or closing between the curved-surface channels and the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26, a baffle 29 is arranged in the middle of, And a water outlet 31 communicated with one of the output channels 28, a water inlet 30, the input channel 27, the cold water hole 25 or the cold water hole 25 form a flow cross section together.

The two water inlet ends 21 are positioned on the same horizontal plane, and the cold water hole 25 and the hot water hole 26 have height difference in the axial direction. The invention can realize the control of the water inlet amount of cold water and the water inlet amount of hot water respectively, and then the cold water and the hot water are mixed into warm water. Rather than mixing the cold water and the hot water directly. Therefore, in the process of designing the present invention, a mixing valve flow passage for cold water and a hot water valve flow passage need to be designed respectively. However, for the convenience of installation of the present invention, the two water inlet ends 21 need to be located on the same horizontal plane. After the fluid enters the valve body 1, there are different flow channels in the valve body 1.

Two waist-shaped sealing gaskets 32 are arranged on the surface of the outer valve core 23, a circle of sealing convex rib 33 is arranged at the edge of each waist-shaped sealing gasket 32 and is connected with the inner wall of the valve body 1 in a sealing mode, the water inlet end 21 is located in the sealing convex rib 33, a through hole 34 communicated with the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26 is formed in each waist-shaped sealing gasket 32, and fluid entering from the water inlet end 21 is sealed in the range of the sealing convex rib 33 and can only enter the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26 through the through hole 34. The waist-shaped sealing gasket 32 is designed to realize that hot water and cold water entering the valve body 1 at the same height can respectively enter the cold water hole 25 and the hot water hole 26 with different heights, and then can respectively enter subsequent completely different circulation flow passages. The sealing ribs 33 on the kidney gasket 32 are arranged to restrict the fluid, thereby ensuring that the fluid entering from the water inlet end 21 can only enter the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26, but not flow to other places. In fact, the outer wall surface of the outer valve element 23 except the kidney-shaped seal 32 will be mixed with cold water and hot water in the following.

Notches 35 are formed in the bottom and the top of the outer valve core 23 along the circumferential direction, the notches 35 are connected with the output channel 28, fluid output by the two notches 35 is mixed between the outer circumferential surface of the outer valve core 23 and the inner wall surface of the valve body 1, and the mixed fluid is reserved through the water outlet end 22. According to the design of the invention, after the fluid (namely cold water and hot water) passes through the outer valve core 23, the inner valve core 24 and the piston 37 in sequence, the fluid flows out of the outer valve core 23 through the piston 37, the inner valve core 24 and the outer valve core 23 to be mixed with water. The notches 35 are designed here as ports through which fluid flows from the outer spool 23.

One of the two input channels 27 is connected to the cold water port 25 and the other is connected to the hot water port 26, and the two output channels 28 are located above and below the two input channels 27, respectively. The invention is provided with a circulation flow passage for hot water at the upper part and a circulation flow passage for cold water at the lower part. And is therefore also exemplified in the discussion of the principles below. However, in practical application, the method is not limited to this and may be optional.

The surface of the inner valve core 24 is sleeved with a plurality of sealing rings 36, the outer wall of the inner valve core 24 is connected with the inner wall of the outer valve core 23 in a sealing mode through the sealing rings 36, the two adjacent input channels 27 are separated through the sealing rings 36, and the adjacent input channels 27 are separated from the output channel 28 through the sealing rings 36. That is, the fluid can flow only from the input passage 27 and flow only from the output passage 28, and the flow passage of the cold water and the flow passage of the hot water do not interfere with each other.

The input channel 27 includes two input ports in a transverse waist-shaped configuration, and the two input ports are disposed correspondingly. The specific configuration of the inlet channel 27 is not limited and the transverse kidney configuration indicated herein is preferred.

The inner valve core 24 is connected with the handle 3, and the rotation of the handle 3 can drive the inner valve core 24 to rotate around the shaft, so as to adjust the conduction or the closing of the input channel 27 and the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26. When the input channel 27 is overlapped with the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26, the circulation channel is opened as the inner valve core 24 is rotated by the rotation of the handle 3. The larger the area of the input channel 27 coinciding with the cold water hole 25 or the hot water hole 26, the larger the water flow. This water flow rate can thus be controlled by rotation of the handle 3.

The baffle 29 separates the internal passage of the piston 37 and divides the piston 37 into an upper section and a lower section, the upper section and the lower section are symmetrically arranged, the top surface of the upper section is open, the bottom surface of the lower section is open, the upper section is provided with a water inlet 30 and a water outlet 31, and the water outlet 31 is positioned above the water inlet 30. After the cold water and the hot water enter the piston 37, the cold water generates upward pressure on the baffle plate 29, the hot water generates downward pressure on the baffle plate 29, and the pressure difference between the cold water and the hot water causes the piston 37 to generate axial displacement, so that the flow passage section between the main shaft core and the water inlet 30 is changed, and the flow is reduced or increased to balance the temperature.

The water inlet 30 comprises a plurality of round holes which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, the water outlet 31 is arranged corresponding to the water inlet 30, the water outlet 31 comprises a plurality of round holes which are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction, convex rings are arranged between the upper section and the lower section and between the water outlet 31 and the water inlet 30, and the convex rings are connected with the inner wall surface of the inner valve core 24 in a sealing mode. The piston 37 is sealingly connected to the inner valve member 24 by a convex ring on the outer surface thereof, and also circumferentially blocks the water outlet 31 from the water inlet 30.

When the invention works, if the input channel 27 of the inner valve core 24 is controlled by the handle 3 to be staggered with the cold water hole 25 and the hot water hole 26 of the outer valve core 23, the water mixing valve is closed. If the handle 3 controls the input channel 27 of the inner valve core 24 to be overlapped with the cold water hole 25 and the hot water hole 26 of the outer valve core 23, the mixing valve is opened. After the water mixing valve is opened, cold water and hot water are respectively introduced from the two water inlet ends 21, the cold water enters the cold water hole 25 under the action of the kidney-shaped sealing gasket 32, and the hot water enters the hot water hole 26 under the action of the kidney-shaped sealing gasket 32. The present invention is illustrated with the cold water port 25 positioned below the hot water port 26.

The hot water passing through the hot water hole 26 enters the inner valve core 24 through the input channel 27 at the upper part, then enters the water inlet 30 at the upper section of the piston 37, and is input to the output channel 28 at the upper end of the inner valve core 24 from the opening at the top surface of the piston 37 and the water outlet 31 at the upper section. The hot water finally flows out to the outer periphery of the outer valve element 23 through the upper notch 35 of the outer valve element 23.

The cold water passing through the cold water hole 25 enters the inner valve core 24 through the input channel 27 at the lower part, enters the water inlet 30 at the lower section of the piston 37, and is input to the output channel 28 at the lower end of the inner valve core 24 from the opening at the bottom surface of the piston 37 and the water outlet 31 at the lower section. The cold water finally flows out to the outer periphery of the outer valve core 23 through the lower notch 35 of the outer valve core 23.

At this time, the cold water and the hot water located at the periphery of the outer valve core 23 are mixed and finally flow out through the output end of the valve body 1. The number of output terminals related to the present invention may be one or two (two output terminals in the drawing). If the number of the output ends is two, the output end is communicated with the outer peripheral surface of the outer valve core 23, and the other output end is actually in a blind hole structure and is in a blocking state with the outer valve core 23. One output end is communicated with the other output end through a flow passage which is additionally arranged in the valve body 1. The arrangement ensures that the cold and hot mixed water reserved by a single port has single property and strong temperature controllability. The water temperature output by the two output ends is avoided being inconsistent.

The inner valve core 24 is connected to the handle 3 through the valve shaft 2, a limiting inner gear ring 4 and a limiting outer gear ring 5 are arranged above the valve body 1, the valve shaft 2 penetrates through the limiting inner gear ring 4, the upper end of the valve shaft is connected with the handle 3, the limiting outer gear ring 5 is fixedly connected, a first limiting block 6 is arranged on the periphery of the limiting outer gear ring 5, a second limiting block 7 is arranged outside the limiting inner gear ring 4, the relative position of the first limiting block 6 and the second limiting block 7 is adjustable, the limiting inner gear ring 4 is clamped into the limiting outer gear ring 5, the handle 3 is provided with a protruding block 7, and the protruding block 7 is installed between the first limiting block 6 and the.

The outer fixedly connected with of valve body 1 is used for installing the mounting bracket 8 of valve body 1, is provided with stop collar 9 in the mounting bracket 8. The mixing valve is mounted by means of a mounting frame 8. The limiting sleeve 9 is arranged for mounting the limiting outer gear ring 5, so that the first limiting block 6 is mounted at a certain position.

The structure of stop collar 9 suits with the structure of spacing outer ring gear 5, and the lower extreme of spacing outer ring gear 5 is located stop collar 9, and the lower extreme of first stopper 6 also is located stop collar 9.

The inner wall of the limiting outer gear ring 5 is fully distributed with gear teeth, the outer wall of the limiting inner gear ring 4 is correspondingly fully distributed with gear teeth, the limiting inner gear ring 4 is inserted into the limiting outer gear ring 5 from the upper end, and then the limiting inner gear ring 4 and the limiting outer gear ring 5 are circumferentially and relatively fixed. The gear teeth are arranged on the limiting outer gear ring 5 and the limiting inner gear ring 4, so that the relative position between the first limiting block 6 and the second limiting block 7 can be adjusted when the limiting outer gear ring 5 and the limiting inner gear ring 4 are in a non-assembly state, and the position of the second limiting block 7 is fixed when the limiting inner gear ring 4 is inserted into the limiting outer gear ring 5, namely, when the limiting outer gear ring 5 and the limiting inner gear ring are in an assembly state. The gear teeth of the limit inner gear ring 4 and the gear teeth of the limit outer gear ring 5 designed by the invention are locked and do not rotate relatively.

The interior of the handle 3 is connected with the handle 3 through a driving frame 10, and the upper end of the driving frame 10 is fixedly connected with the handle 3.

The driving frame 10 comprises a disc part 11, a handle mounting base 12 located above the disc part 11 and a pipe fitting 13 located below the disc, the disc part 11 is supported on the inner bottom surface of the handle 3, the disc part 11 is erected on the top surface of the limit inner gear ring 4, and the pipe fitting 13 extends into the limit inner gear ring 4 and is fixedly connected with the valve shaft 2. The invention is provided with a driving frame 10 which is connected with a handle 3 structure on one hand and is provided with a disc piece 11 for rotating relative to a limit inner gear ring 4 on the other hand. The disc part 11 is erected on the limit inner gear ring 4, the friction resistance of relative rotation is not large, and the disc part is reasonable in structural arrangement.

The present invention has been described in detail, and the principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to assist in understanding the present invention and the core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The constant-pressure four-way water mixing valve comprises a valve body and is characterized in that the valve body is a tubular structural member, two water inlet ends and two water outlet ends are arranged on the periphery of the valve body, an outer valve core, an inner valve core and a piston are coaxially arranged in the valve body, the piston is positioned in the inner valve core and can move in the inner valve core along the axial direction, the inner valve core is positioned in the outer valve core, a cold water hole and a hot water hole are formed in the surface of the outer valve core and are respectively communicated with the two water inlet ends, two input channels through which fluid can pass and two output channels separated by the outer surface and the input channels are arranged on the upper portion and the lower portion of the inner valve core, the inner valve core is driven to rotate to enable the curved surface adjusting channel to be communicated or closed with the cold water hole or the hot water hole, a baffle is arranged in the middle of the piston and separated by a baffle, an inlet and outlet group is, And the water inlet, the input channel, the cold water hole or the cold water hole form a circulation section together.

2. The balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 1, wherein the two water inlet ends are located on the same horizontal plane, and the cold water hole and the hot water hole have a height difference in the axial direction.

3. The balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 2, wherein two kidney-shaped sealing gaskets are arranged on the surface of the outer valve core, a circle of sealing convex rib is arranged at the edge of each kidney-shaped sealing gasket and is in sealing connection with the inner wall of the valve body, the water inlet end is positioned in the sealing convex rib, a through hole communicated with the cold water hole or the hot water hole is formed in each kidney-shaped sealing gasket, and fluid entering from the water inlet end is sealed in the range of the sealing convex rib and can only enter the cold water hole or the hot water hole through the through hole.

4. The balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 3, wherein the bottom and the top of the outer valve core are provided with notches along the circumferential direction, the notches are connected with the output channel, the fluid output by the two notches is mixed between the outer circumferential surface of the outer valve core and the inner wall surface of the valve body, and the mixed fluid is reserved through the water outlet end.

5. The balanced pressure four-way mixing valve as claimed in claim 1, wherein one of the two input passages is connected to the cold water hole and the other is connected to the hot water hole, and the two output passages are respectively located above and below the two input passages.

6. The balanced-pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of sealing rings are sleeved on the surface of the inner valve core, the outer wall of the inner valve core is connected with the inner wall of the outer valve core in a sealing manner through the sealing rings, the adjacent two input channels are separated through the sealing rings, and the adjacent input channels are separated through the sealing rings from the output channels.

7. The balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 1, wherein the input channel comprises two input ports in a transverse waist-shaped structure, and the two input ports are arranged correspondingly.

8. The balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 1, wherein the inner valve core is connected with a handle, and the rotation of the handle can drive the inner valve core to rotate around a shaft so as to adjust the conduction or the closing of the input channel and the cold water hole or the hot water hole.

9. The balanced pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 1, wherein the baffle plate cuts off an internal passage of the piston and divides the piston into an upper section and a lower section, the upper section and the lower section are symmetrically arranged, the upper section has an open top surface and the lower section has an open bottom surface, the upper section is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet, and the water outlet is positioned above the water inlet.

10. The balanced-pressure four-way water mixing valve according to claim 9, wherein the water inlet comprises a plurality of circular holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, the water outlet is arranged corresponding to the water inlet, the water outlet comprises a plurality of circular holes uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, convex rings are arranged between the upper section and the lower section and between the water outlet and the water inlet, and the convex rings are connected with the inner wall surface of the inner valve core in a sealing manner.