CN111894702A

CN111894702A - Ship side exhaust system

Info

Publication number: CN111894702A
Application number: CN202010742589.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 戴明城; 李�赫; 韩方林; 郑荣; 付云鹏; 姚磊; 武玉增
Original assignee: 708th Research Institute of CSIC
Current assignee: 708th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2020-07-29
Filing date: 2020-07-29
Publication date: 2020-11-06

Abstract

The invention discloses a ship side exhaust system, which sequentially comprises: the main engine outlet reducer pipe, the exhaust expansion joint, the exhaust elbow, the side exhaust square silencer, the exhaust expansion joint, the water collecting short pipe, the exhaust elbow, the side baffle valve, the side connecting pipe, the side diversion cap, the water outlet device and the like, wherein a heat insulation layer is arranged in the side exhaust square silencer, the heat insulation layer is laid on the surfaces of the exhaust pipe and accessories, and the exhaust system is elastically installed on a hull structure. The invention ensures that seawater can not enter the main engine when the boat sails by adopting various measures, and can effectively isolate the vibration of the main engine and avoid transferring heat to the boat body.

Description

Ship side exhaust system

Technical Field

The invention relates to a ship side exhaust system, relates to the design of the ship side exhaust system and measures for preventing seawater from entering a host, and belongs to the technical field of ship design.

Background

The small high-speed boat is generally of a ship type with a single-layer all-through main deck, and is mainly used for side exhaust with few chimneys. The design difficulty of the side exhaust system is higher due to the limitation of the height of a main deck, the width of a ship and the structure of a side ship body, and the side exhaust system is easy to cause seawater backflow to cause host stuffiness and even water inflow when a large storm or a large inclination roll, so that the host cannot normally work, and the navigation safety of a boat is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problems that when the ship is in heavy waves or is rolled at a large inclination angle, a broadside exhaust system is easy to cause seawater backflow to cause a main engine to block the vehicle or even enter water, so that the main engine cannot normally work, and the navigation safety of a ship is influenced.

In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme of the invention is to provide a ship side exhaust system, which sequentially comprises from a main engine exhaust outlet to a side outlet: the system comprises a main engine outlet reducer pipe, an expansion joint, an exhaust bent pipe, a side exhaust square silencer, an expansion joint, a water collecting short pipe, an exhaust bent pipe, a side baffle valve, a side connecting pipe and a side guide cap; the side platoon square silencer and the short water collecting pipe are connected with the water drainage device; the exhaust system is resiliently mounted to the hull structure.

The inlet of the host outlet reducer pipe is connected with the exhaust outlet of the host, and the outlet of the host outlet reducer pipe is connected to the expansion joint.

The exhaust expansion joint and the exhaust expansion joint are composed of a plurality of groups of corrugated pipes and structural members, have axial, radial and angle compensation capabilities, and can absorb vibration displacement and thermal expansion and cold contraction deformation of a host exhaust port and an exhaust system. The inlet of the exhaust expansion joint is connected with the reducer pipe at the outlet of the main engine, and the outlet of the exhaust expansion joint is connected with the exhaust elbow. The inlet of the exhaust expansion joint is connected with the side exhaust square silencer, and the outlet of the exhaust expansion joint is connected with the short water collecting pipe.

The square muffler for the side row is square, the height size is small, the heat insulation layer is arranged in the muffler body, the inlet is positioned at the upper part of the bottom of the muffler body, the outlet is positioned on the outer side surface of the rear end, the inlet is connected with the self-diameter-changing exhaust pipe, and the outlet is connected with the short water collecting pipe; the inlet and the outlet are higher than the bottom to form a water accumulation cavity, the bottom of the side exhaust square silencer is provided with a discharge port, accumulated water in the side exhaust square silencer is discharged to the water discharger through a pipeline, and the water discharger can automatically discharge the accumulated water and carry out water sealing on exhaust; the top is provided with a mounting bracket which can be elastically mounted on the hull structure; the surface temperature of the side row square silencer is less than or equal to 60 ℃.

The bottom of the short water collecting pipe is provided with a hole for welding a water tank, a small amount of seawater in the exhaust pipe flows into the water tank when the boat rolls and then is discharged to the water discharger through the discharge pipe, and the water discharger can automatically discharge accumulated water and carry out water sealing on exhaust. The short water collecting pipe is arranged on a horizontal exhaust pipeline with a designed rolling angle and a waterline not submerged, so that a large amount of seawater is prevented from entering the water tank and being discharged in time to enter the silencer.

The inlet of the exhaust baffle valve is connected with the self-exhaust elbow, the outlet of the exhaust baffle valve is connected with the side connecting pipe, the diameter of the inner wall of the exhaust baffle valve is the same as that of the exhaust elbow, the diameter of the outer wall of the exhaust baffle valve is the same as that of the side connecting pipe, and a cooling water cavity is formed between the inner wall, the outer wall, the front flange and. The inner wall of the exhaust baffle valve is provided with a certain number of small inclined round holes in the circumferential direction, and the outer wall of the exhaust baffle valve is provided with a water inlet for cooling seawater. The exhaust baffle valve is internally provided with an exhaust baffle, the exhaust channel can be opened or closed through an exhaust baffle operating device, and the exhaust baffle operating device is internally provided with a travel switch which can output opening or closing switching value signals to the outside.

The side connecting pipe is connected with a self-exhaust baffle valve, and an outlet is welded on the hull outer plate; the outer end of the side connection pipe extends out of the hull outer plate, and the side flow guiding cap is of a half-cone flow guiding structure formed by simulating the hull in a linear mode, is connected with the hull outer plate and the outer end of the side connection pipe in a smooth transition mode and surrounds the 150-degree circumference of the outer end of the side connection pipe towards the sailing direction.

The surface temperature of the exhaust system and the exhaust temperature of the side outlet are both less than 60 ℃, and the exhaust noise of the main engine can be effectively reduced.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the exhaust temperature of the main engine generally reaches 420-650 ℃, and after the seawater film or the water mist sprayed out of the inner wall of the exhaust baffle valve is fully cooled, the exhaust temperature of the side outlet is reduced to be below 60 ℃, so that the heat transferred to the ship body is effectively reduced.

2. The short water collecting pipe is arranged on a horizontal exhaust pipeline with a designed rolling angle and without submerging a waterline, accumulated water in the exhaust pipe can be collected and discharged in time, and the phenomenon that the accumulated water excessively enters the square side exhaust silencer is avoided.

3. The side row square silencer is small in height and size, and the heat insulation layer is arranged in the silencer body, so that the limited height space can be reasonably utilized; the inlet and the outlet of the square sound eliminator are both higher than the bottom of the sound eliminator, and a deeper water accumulation cavity is formed at the bottom, so that even if seawater rushes into the square sound eliminator in heavy storms or when the square sound eliminator is rolled at a large inclination angle, the seawater cannot directly enter the host machine due to the change of the internal sound elimination structure flow passage and the large-volume water accumulation cavity at the bottom; accumulated water in the accumulated water cavity at the bottom of the side exhaust square silencer can be automatically discharged in time through the discharge hole, the discharge pipe, the water discharger and the like, and seawater can be prevented from entering the host machine under multiple measures.

4. The exhaust system can effectively reduce the exhaust noise of the main engine. The inlet and the outlet of the side exhaust square silencer are matched with expansion joints, so that the vibration displacement and the expansion and contraction deformation of the exhaust port and the exhaust system of the main engine can be compensated.

5. A boat side exhaust system arrangement and various measures for preventing seawater from entering a main engine are provided.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a lateral view of a broadside exhaust system;

FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal view of the broadside exhaust system;

FIG. 3 is a view of the exhaust flapper valve structure;

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the side cowl;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of preventing reverse flow of seawater during rolling;

the reference signs are: 1. a reducer pipe at the outlet of the host machine; 2. an exhaust expansion joint; 3. an exhaust elbow; 4. a platoon square silencer; 5. an exhaust expansion joint; 6. a short water collecting pipe; 7. an exhaust elbow; 8. an exhaust flapper valve; 9. a broadside nozzle; 10. a broadside deflector cap; 11. a water discharge device; 12. a thermal insulation layer; 13. a cooling water cavity; 14. a small circular hole on the inner wall; 15. a seawater inlet; 16. an exhaust baffle; 17. an exhaust baffle operator; 18. a hull outer plate; 19. a discharge port;

in the figure, c.l. represents the hull centerline; b.l. represents baseline.

Detailed Description

The above description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the advantages of the present invention comprehensible, the following embodiments are further described with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and the technical solutions provided by the present invention are described as follows.

Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a ship side exhaust system disclosed in this example sequentially includes: the main engine outlet reducer pipe 1, the exhaust expansion joint 2, the exhaust bent pipe 3, the side exhaust square silencer 4, the exhaust expansion joint 5, the water collecting short pipe 6, the exhaust bent pipe 7, the side baffle valve 8, the side connecting pipe 9, the side guide cap 10 and the water outlet 11, a heat insulation layer is arranged inside the side exhaust square silencer 4, the heat insulation layer 12 is laid outside the exhaust pipe and the pipeline accessories, and the exhaust system is elastically installed on a ship body structure.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the exhaust expansion joints 2 and 5 have suitable axial, radial and angle compensation capabilities, and can compensate vibration displacement and thermal expansion and contraction deformation of the exhaust port and the exhaust system of the host. The exhaust elbow 3 and the exhaust elbow 7 properly adjust the bending angle and the direction during lofting according to the position of the connecting pipe accessory.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the side exhaust square muffler 4 is different from a traditional cylindrical muffler with two ends going in and out in shape and internal silencing structure, the height size is small, a heat insulation layer is arranged in the muffler body, an inlet is positioned at the upper part of the bottom of the muffler body, an outlet is positioned on the outer side surface of the rear end, the inlet is connected with a self-diameter-changing exhaust elbow 3, and the outlet is connected with a short water collecting pipe 6. The square muffler 4 is arranged on the side by side in a two-in one-out mode, the diameter of the air inlet pipe is small, the air inlet pipe is convenient to lift, and then a deep water collecting cavity is formed with the outlet. The square muffler is arranged to board 4 bottom have a drainage port 19, inside ponding is discharged to sluicer 11 through the pipeline, ponding reaches behind the liquid level height that sluicer 11 presetted, sluicer 11 is automatic to the ponding of releasing to carry out the water seal to the exhaust, with avoid the exhaust to scurry into the cabin. The top of the side row square silencer 4 is provided with a mounting bracket which can be elastically mounted on a hull structure. The exhaust resistance of the side exhaust square silencer 4 is less than or equal to 1000Pa, the exhaust noise insertion loss is more than or equal to 25dBA, and the surface temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a water tank is welded to an opening at the bottom of the short water collecting pipe 6, a small amount of seawater in the exhaust pipe flows into the water tank when the boat rolls and then is discharged to the water discharger 11 through the discharge pipe, and after the accumulated water in the exhaust pipe reaches the preset liquid level height of the water discharger 11, the water discharger 11 automatically discharges the accumulated water and seals the exhaust air to prevent the exhaust air from entering the engine room.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the inlet of the exhaust flapper valve 8 is connected to the exhaust elbow 7, and the outlet is connected to the side port 9. The exhaust baffle valve 8 is internally provided with a cooling water cavity 13, the diameter of the inner wall of the exhaust baffle valve is the same as that of the exhaust elbow 7, the diameter of the outer wall of the exhaust baffle valve is the same as that of the side connecting pipe 9, and a certain number of small inclined round holes 14 are formed in the inner wall in the circumferential direction. The outer wall of the exhaust baffle valve 8 is provided with a water inlet 15 for cooling seawater, the cooling seawater pumped in from the outside needs to have enough pressure and flow, the seawater sprayed out from the small round holes on the inner wall is ensured to form a water film or water mist so as to be beneficial to fully contacting with high-temperature exhaust to absorb heat, the exhaust temperature dip causes the exhaust volume to shrink obviously, and then a larger pressure drop is formed, and the exhaust is more beneficial to the exhaust to the side discharge. An exhaust baffle 16 is arranged in the exhaust baffle valve 8, an exhaust channel can be opened or closed through an exhaust baffle operating device 17, and a travel switch is arranged in the exhaust baffle operating device 17 and can output opening or closing switching value signals to the outside.

Referring to fig. 4, the outer end of the side connection pipe 9 extends out of the hull outer plate 18, the rear part of the side connection pipe slightly extends out of the hull to facilitate welding, and the side diversion cap 10 which forms a semi-conical diversion structure by three-dimensional lofting and simulating the hull linearity is a conical diversion plate and is provided with a certain arc and surrounds the front part of the side exhaust port in the circumferential direction of 150 degrees. When the boat sails at high speed, the side guide cap 10 can guide the airflow at the side outer plate or can guide and divide the water for the surge on the side so as to avoid interfering the exhaust airflow at the side outlet, and meanwhile, the side guide cap 10 is not excessively extended into the exhaust outlet so as to avoid reducing the area of the exhaust port to influence the exhaust airflow at the side outlet.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the short water collecting pipe 6 is disposed at the horizontal section of the exhaust elbow 7 and is not submerged by seawater for a long time when the roll angle is designed to be 22.5 °, so as to ensure that a small amount of accumulated water in the exhaust elbow 7 is collected during the roll of the boat, and becomes a defense line for seawater to enter the silencer. The exhaust elbow 7 enlarges the bending angle of the broadside elbow as much as possible on the premise that the host machine allows back pressure, forms larger angle difference with the broadside inlet, and can slow down the strength of seawater rushing into the straight pipe section.

Referring to fig. 1 and 5, the side vent outlet is located at a height above the waterline that ensures that the vent outlet is not flooded with seawater for a long period of time during normal sailing and rolling of the boat, and that the side vent outlet is not flooded with seawater all the time during one-half of the rolling period to avoid host seaching even during heavy storms or large rolling angles. In addition, the higher the exhaust system layout, the more beneficial it is to prevent seawater ingress.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a ships and light boats topside exhaust system which from quick-witted exhaust outlet to topside export includes in proper order: the system comprises a main engine outlet reducer pipe (1), an expansion joint (2), an exhaust bent pipe (3), a side exhaust square silencer (4), an expansion joint (5), a water collecting short pipe (6), an exhaust bent pipe (7), a side baffle valve (8), a side connecting pipe (9) and a side guide cap (10); the side exhaust square silencer (4) and the short water collecting pipe (6) are connected with the water drainage device (11); the exhaust system is resiliently mounted to the hull structure.

2. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the square muffler (4) is internally provided with a heat insulation layer, and the pipeline accessory of the exhaust system are externally provided with a heat insulation layer (12).

3. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 2, wherein: the heat insulation layer of the side row square silencer (4) is arranged in the body, the surface temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the inlet is positioned at the upper part of the bottom of the body, the outlet is positioned on the outer side surface of the rear end, and the inlet and the outlet are higher than the bottom to form a water accumulation cavity; the square muffler is arranged to side (4) bottom be equipped with discharge opening (19), inside ponding is discharged to sluicer (11) through the pipeline, ponding reaches predetermined liquid level height in sluicer (11) after, sluicer (11) are automatic to be discharged ponding to carry out the water seal to the exhaust.

4. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 3, wherein: the top of the side row square silencer (4) is provided with a mounting bracket which is elastically connected with the hull structure.

5. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the water collecting short pipe (6) is provided with a water tank, a small amount of seawater in the exhaust pipe flows into the water tank and then is discharged to the water discharger (11) when the boat rolls, the accumulated water in the exhaust pipe automatically discharges the accumulated water after reaching a preset liquid level height, and water sealing is carried out on the exhaust gas to prevent the exhaust gas from flowing into the engine room.

6. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 6, wherein: the position of the short water collecting pipe (6) is arranged on a horizontal pipeline which is not submerged under the designed rolling angle, so that the phenomenon that a large amount of seawater is gathered and cannot be discharged to enter the square muffler (4) of the side row is avoided.

7. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the diameter of the inner wall of the exhaust baffle valve (8) is the same as that of the exhaust elbow (7), the diameter of the outer wall of the exhaust baffle valve is the same as that of the side port connecting pipe (9), a cooling water cavity (13) is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall as well as between the inlet flange and the outlet flange, and a certain number of small inclined round holes (14) are formed in the circumferential direction of the inner wall; the outer wall of the exhaust baffle valve (8) is provided with a water inlet (15) for cooling seawater, and the inside of the exhaust baffle valve is provided with an exhaust baffle (16).

8. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 7, wherein: the exhaust baffle (16) controls the opening or closing of an exhaust channel through an exhaust baffle operating device (17), and a travel switch is arranged in the exhaust baffle operating device (17) and outputs opening or closing switching value signals to the outside.

9. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the outer end of the side connection pipe (9) extends out of the hull outer plate (18), and the side guide cap (10) is of a half-cone-shaped guide structure formed by simulating the hull linearity and is connected with the hull outer plate (18) and the outer end of the side connection pipe (9) in a smooth transition manner; the side diversion cap (10) surrounds the circumference of 150 degrees of the outer end of the side connecting pipe (9) towards the sailing direction.

10. The boat broadside exhaust system of claim 1, wherein: the surface temperature of the exhaust system and the exhaust temperature of the side outlet are both less than 60 ℃.