CN111893810A

CN111893810A - Railway roadbed structure

Info

Publication number: CN111893810A
Application number: CN202010813877.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘府生; 孙红林; 金海元; 李东黎; 毛泽宇; 徐燕华; 周革; 邢中晓; 匡经桃
Original assignee: China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: China Railway Siyuan Survey and Design Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-13
Filing date: 2020-08-13
Publication date: 2020-11-06

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a railway roadbed structure, includes: a foundation bed and a road shoulder; the foundation bed comprises a foundation bed bottom layer and a foundation bed surface layer, and the foundation bed surface layer is arranged on the foundation bed bottom layer; the road shoulder is arranged on the foundation bed bottom layer and located on the side edge of the foundation bed surface layer, and a step with at least two steps is formed on one side, away from the foundation bed surface layer, of the road shoulder. The railway roadbed structure of the embodiment of the application can be convenient for railway maintenance personnel to get on and off the road shoulder, and then can improve the safety of the railway maintenance personnel to get on and off the road shoulder.

Description

Railway roadbed structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway roadbed protection structures, in particular to a railway roadbed structure.

Background

In order to ensure the stability of the surface layer filler of the foundation bed and the roadbed equipment, the railway roadbed in the related technology is generally provided with a road shoulder so as to facilitate the walking of railway maintenance personnel and the related inspection, however, the height difference between the current common road shoulder and the bottom layer of the foundation bed on the lower side is large, the railway maintenance personnel are inconvenient to get on and off the road shoulder, and certain safety risk exists.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, a main object of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a railway roadbed structure for facilitating railway maintenance personnel to get on and off a road shoulder.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application is implemented as follows:

the embodiment of the application provides a railway roadbed structure, includes:

the foundation bed comprises a foundation bed bottom layer and a foundation bed surface layer, and the foundation bed surface layer is arranged on the foundation bed bottom layer;

the road shoulder is arranged on the bottom layer of the foundation bed and located on the side edge of the surface layer of the foundation bed, and a step with at least two steps is formed on one side, away from the surface layer of the foundation bed, of the road shoulder.

In one embodiment, the step extends in a longitudinal direction of the shoulder; or the number of the steps is multiple, and the steps are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the road shoulder.

In one embodiment, the top surface of the road shoulder forms a pedestrian passageway, and the width dimension of the pedestrian passageway is 0.1-0.4 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the transverse gradient of the pedestrian passageway is 2% -4%.

In one embodiment, the width dimension of each step is 0.2m to 0.3 m; and/or the height size of each step is 0.1-0.25 m.

In one embodiment, the tread of each step is inclined downward from a side close to the bed surface to a side far from the bed surface to form a first inclined surface.

In one embodiment, the first inclined surface has a lateral gradient of 2% to 4%.

In one embodiment, the side of the foundation bed bottom is a roadbed slope, and in all the steps, the kick surface of the step closest to the foundation bed bottom is inclined downwards from the side far away from the foundation bed bottom to the side close to the foundation bed bottom so as to form a second inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is connected with the roadbed slope.

In one embodiment, the shoulders are cast of concrete; or the road shoulder is built by precast concrete blocks or dry rubbles; or the road shoulder is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated sections.

In one embodiment, the shoulder has a first drainage channel that runs through the shoulder, and the railway roadbed structure further comprises a cable trough that has a holding cavity, the cable trough is arranged between the bed surface layer and the shoulder, and the first drainage channel is communicated with the holding cavity.

In an embodiment, the curb still has the second sluicing passageway that runs through the curb, railway roadbed structure still includes the permeable bed, the permeable bed sets up on the bedding bottom layer, and be located the bedding top layer with between the curb, the cable duct sets up on the permeable bed, the second sluicing passageway with the permeable bed intercommunication.

The railway roadbed structure of this application embodiment sets the step that has the two-stage at least to mark time through keeping away from the one side on bed top layer with the curb, can be convenient for the railway dimension support personnel upper and lower curb, and then can improve the railway and maintain the security of personnel upper and lower curb of supporting.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a railway roadbed structure provided by the embodiment of the application.

Reference numerals:

a foundation bed 10; a bed bottom layer 11; a roadbed slope 11 a; a bed surface layer 12; a road shoulder 20; a step 20 a; a tread 20 b; a kick surface 20 c; the second inclined surface 20 d; a pedestrian passageway 20 e; a first drainage channel 20 f; a second drainage channel 20 g; a cable tray 30; the accommodation chamber 30 a; a water permeable layer 40; a protection net 50.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, technical features in examples and embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict, and the detailed description in the specific embodiment should be understood as an explanation of the gist of the present application and should not be construed as an improper limitation to the present application.

In the description of the present application, the "lateral" orientation or positional relationship is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in fig. 1, the "width" is the "lateral" direction of fig. 1, the "height" is the direction perpendicular to the "lateral" direction of fig. 1, and the "longitudinal" is the extending direction of the railroad bed structure. It is to be understood that such directional terms are merely for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the present application.

The embodiment of the present application provides a railway roadbed structure, referring to fig. 1, comprising a foundation bed 10 and a road shoulder 20. The foundation bed 10 includes a foundation bed layer 11 and a foundation bed surface layer 12, and the foundation bed surface layer 12 is disposed on the foundation bed layer 11. The road shoulder 20 is arranged on the foundation bed layer 11 and is positioned at the side of the foundation bed surface layer 12, and the side of the road shoulder 20 far away from the foundation bed surface layer 12 forms a step with at least two steps 20 a.

Specifically, in general, both sides of the bed surface layer 12 are respectively provided with a shoulder 20, fig. 1 shows only the shoulder 20 on one side of the bed surface layer 12, and the shoulder 20 on the other side of the bed surface layer 12 may or may not be provided with a step according to different actual situations.

The step can be along the longitudinal extension of curb 20, that is to say, the whole curb 20 is kept away from the one side of bed top layer 12 and all is set up the stair structure, and perhaps, the quantity of step also can be a plurality of, and a plurality of steps set up along the longitudinal interval of curb 20, that is to say, the step is not extended down along the longitudinal of curb 20 all the time, can set up to domatic between two adjacent steps.

The thickness of the shoulder 20 may be 0.45m to 0.65m, and the thickness of the bed surface layer 12 may be the same as the thickness of the shoulder 20. The width of each step 20a can be 0.2-0.3 m, and the height of each step 20a can be 0.1-0.25 m, so that the railway maintenance personnel can walk conveniently.

The road shoulder 20 can be formed by concrete pouring or by precast concrete blocks or dry rubbles, for a high-speed railway, the road shoulder 20 of the railway roadbed structure can be formed by concrete pouring or by precast concrete blocks, and for a general-speed railway, the road shoulder 20 of the railway roadbed structure can be formed by dry rubbles.

The road shoulder 20 can also be formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated segments, specifically, the prefabricated segments can be prefabricated in a factory and spliced on a construction site, so that the construction efficiency can be improved.

The cross section of the shoulder of the railway roadbed in the correlation technique is generally trapezoidal, one side of the trapezoidal shoulder far away from the surface layer of the foundation bed is generally set to a slope with a gradient of 45 degrees, the height difference between the shoulder and the bottom layer of the foundation bed is large, the railway maintenance personnel are inconvenient to get on and off the shoulder, and certain safety risks exist.

In the embodiment of the application, the side of the road shoulder 20 far away from the surface layer 12 of the foundation bed is provided with the step with at least two steps 20a, so that the railway maintenance personnel can conveniently get on and off the road shoulder 20, and the safety of the railway maintenance personnel getting on and off the road shoulder 20 can be further improved.

In addition, the embodiment of the application directly configures the road shoulder 20 into a stepped structural form without additionally arranging other climbing facilities, so that the construction process is simple, and no additional cost is increased.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the top surface of the shoulder 20 forms a walkway 20e, and the walkway 20e has a width of 0.1m to 0.4m, thereby facilitating the railway maintenance personnel to walk and perform related inspections.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the pedestrian passageway 20e has a transverse slope of 2% to 4%, which facilitates drainage and does not affect the movement of the railroad maintenance personnel.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the tread 20b of each step 20a is inclined downward from the side close to the bed skin 12 to the side away from the bed skin 12 to form a first inclined surface. The transverse gradient of the first inclined surface may be 2% to 4%. The provision of the first inclined surface may also facilitate drainage.

It should be noted that when the width dimension of the pedestrian passageway 20e is smaller than or equal to the width dimension of the tread 20b, the pedestrian passageway 20e is actually equivalent to the tread 20b of the step 20a at the stage farthest from the bed bottom 11.

In addition, the top surface (i.e. the roadbed surface) of the foundation bed surface layer 12 can be provided with 2% -4% of transverse gradient, and the top surface of the foundation bed bottom layer 11 can also be provided with 2% -4% of transverse gradient, so as to facilitate drainage.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the side surface of the foundation bed 11 is a roadbed slope 11a, and among all the steps 20a, the kick surface 20c of the step 20a closest to the foundation bed 11 is inclined downward from the side away from the foundation bed 11 to the side close to the foundation bed 11 to form a second inclined surface 20d, and the second inclined surface 20d is connected to the roadbed slope 11a, so that the overall aesthetic property of the railway roadbed structure can be improved.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the shoulder 20 has a first drainage channel 20f penetrating through the shoulder 20, the railway roadbed structure further includes a cable trough 30 having a containing cavity 30a, the cable trough 30 is disposed between the bed surface layer 12 and the shoulder 20, and the first drainage channel 20f is communicated with the containing cavity 30 a.

Specifically, the first drainage passage 20f may be provided by embedding a first drainage pipe in the road shoulder 20, and the material of the first drainage pipe may be PVC (Polyvinyl chloride). A through hole communicated with the accommodating cavity 30a can be arranged on the side wall of the cable trough 30, and the first drainage channel 20f is communicated with the through hole, so that accumulated water in the accommodating cavity 30a can flow into the first drainage channel 20f from the through hole. In order to facilitate drainage, the first drainage channel 20f may have a transverse gradient of 2% to 4%, and a plurality of first drainage channels 20f may be disposed along the longitudinal direction of the road shoulder 20, where the distance between two adjacent first drainage channels 20f is not less than 1 m. The provision of the first drainage passage 20f can facilitate drainage of accumulated water in the cable tray 30.

Referring to fig. 1, in one embodiment, the shoulder 20 further has a second water drainage channel 20g penetrating the shoulder 20, the railway roadbed structure further includes a water permeable layer 40, the water permeable layer 40 is disposed on the foundation bed bottom layer 11 and is located between the foundation bed surface layer 12 and the shoulder 20, the cable trough 30 is disposed on the water permeable layer 40, and the second water drainage channel 20g is communicated with the water permeable layer 40.

Specifically, the second drain passage 20g may be formed by burying a second drain pipe in the road shoulder 20, and the material of the second drain pipe may be PVC (Polyvinyl chloride). In order to facilitate drainage, the second drainage channels 20g may have a transverse gradient of 2% to 4%, and a plurality of second drainage channels 20g may be provided along the longitudinal direction of the road shoulder 20, where the distance between two adjacent second drainage channels 20g is not less than 1 m. The water permeable layer 40 may be composed of water permeable gravel, and the water permeable layer 40 is provided in order that accumulated water in the bed surface layer 12 may flow into the second drainage channel 20g through the water permeable layer 40 and be discharged through the second drainage channel 20 g.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the railroad bed structure may further include a protection net 50, the protection net 50 may be a hot-dip galvanized wire net, and the protection net 50 is disposed at an aperture of the first drainage channel 20f near one end of the cable trough 30; and/or, a protective net 50 is arranged at the opening of the second drainage channel 20g near one end of the water permeable layer 40 to prevent small animals such as rats from entering the cable trough 30 or the foundation.

In one embodiment, the shoulder 20 and the cable groove 30 may be constructed in the sequence that the shoulder 20 is constructed after the cable groove 30 is installed, or the cable groove 30 is constructed simultaneously with the shoulder 20. The shoulders 20 may be concrete poured, precast concrete block masonry or dry masonry.

In one embodiment, the construction method of the shoulder 20 by concrete pouring mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) lofting the base contour line of the road shoulder 20 and the plane projection line of the base top on the base according to the designed position, and controlling the elevation size of the road shoulder 20;

(2) a second water drain pipe is arranged at the bottom of the road shoulder 20 at intervals of 1m along the longitudinal direction, and the second water drain pipe is connected with the water permeable layer 40 at the bottom of the cable trough 30;

(3) fixing the shaping template according to the size of each part of the road shoulder 20; before the shoulder 20 shaping templates are installed, a release agent is firstly polished and coated, in order to prevent slurry leakage, mold running and mold expansion, a supporting structure is used for reinforcement, gaps among the shaping templates are compacted by adhesive tapes, and bottom seams are sealed by mortar.

(4) Pouring concrete; the road shoulder 20 is cast by adopting plain concrete with the strength grade not lower than C25, and the protective net 50 and the first water drain pipe are installed before the concrete is cast. And (3) adopting insertion type vibration in the pouring process, wherein the thickness of vibration layers is 20-30 cm, the moving distance in the vibration process is not more than 1.5 times of the action radius of the vibrator, the depth of the vibration layers inserted into the lower layer of concrete can be 5-10 cm, the vibration duration time is preferably 20-30 s, and the degree is that the concrete does not sink, bubbles do not appear, and the surface presents laitance.

(5) Removing the mold; and the mold can be disassembled 24 hours after pouring.

(6) Maintaining; and (5) maintaining in time after the mold is removed, wherein the maintenance period can be 14 days.

(7) And a vertical expansion joint is arranged. In order to prevent concrete cracking caused by stress generated by temperature change, a vertical expansion joint with the width of 2cm is arranged every 10-20 m and is filled with asphalt reinforcement.

In one embodiment, the method for constructing the shoulder 20 by using the precast concrete blocks mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) pouring precast concrete blocks in a precast yard according to the structural form of the road shoulder 20; the length size of each precast concrete block is 0.5-1.0 m, the precast concrete is poured by adopting concrete with the strength grade not lower than C25, and the precast concrete is transported to a construction site for later use after the strength of the concrete meets the requirement.

(2) Building precast concrete blocks along the longitudinal direction; the first drainage pipe in the precast concrete block is ensured to be aligned with the through hole of the cable trough 30 in the building process.

(3) Pointing; cement mortar with a strength rating of M10 may be used for pointing between precast concrete blocks and cable trough 30.

In one embodiment, the construction method of the shoulder 20 constructed by dry rubble mainly comprises the following steps:

(1) arranging a dry masonry stone frame; the wooden template frame is placed on the well-cleaned construction plane, the wooden template frame is placed according to the measuring point positions and the elevations to form a dry-masonry stone frame, then the frame is wired, the number of the wires is at least 2 on the top surface, the number of the wires is 5 on the side surface, and fine adjustment is carried out after the wires are wired, so that an operation space is formed.

(2) Laying dry masonry rubbles layer by layer; the stone used for dry-laid flaked stone is uniform and hard, is not easy to weather and has no cracks, if mountain scale and the like need to be removed, the thickness of the middle part of the stone is not less than 15 cm. Before the dry masonry rubbles are built, a second drainage pipe is arranged on the bottom surface of the surface layer 12 of the foundation bed at a longitudinal distance of 1 m. When the dry masonry rubbles are built, the exposed surfaces of the dry rubbles need to be aligned, and the phenomenon that the top surface of the dry rubbles cannot be low outside and high inside is noticed. When the abdominal stones are built, the stones are matched according to the natural shapes, sizes and staggered arrangement, so that gaps among the stones are reduced as much as possible. In addition, the dry masonry does not require a first downcomer.

(3) Pointing and plastering; cement mortar with the strength grade of M10 can be used for pointing and plastering, and no through seam can be formed; the tread 20b has a mortar thickness of not less than 0.05m and a transverse gradient of 4%.

(4) Maintaining; the newly built masonry is required to be maintained after the cement mortar is finally set, namely, the masonry is covered and watered to ensure that the masonry is moist, and the watering maintenance time is not less than 7 days.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A railroad bed structure, comprising:

2. The railroad bed structure of claim 1, wherein the step extends in a longitudinal direction of the shoulder; or the number of the steps is multiple, and the steps are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the road shoulder.

3. The railroad bed structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the top surface of the shoulder forms a pedestrian passageway having a width dimension of 0.1 to 0.4 m; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the transverse gradient of the pedestrian passageway is 2% -4%.

4. The railroad bed structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of each stage has a width dimension of 0.2 to 0.3 m; and/or the height size of each step is 0.1-0.25 m.

5. The railroad bed structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tread of each step is provided to be inclined downward from a side close to the bed surface toward a side far from the bed surface to form a first inclined surface.

6. The railroad bed structure of claim 5, wherein the first inclined surface has a lateral gradient of 2 to 4%.

7. The railroad bed structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a side of the bed bottom is a side slope, and among all the steps, a kick surface of the step closest to the bed bottom is inclined downward from a side away from the bed bottom toward a side close to the bed bottom to form a second inclined surface connected to the side slope.

8. Railway roadbed structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the road shoulders are cast of concrete; or the road shoulder is built by precast concrete blocks or dry rubbles; or the road shoulder is formed by splicing a plurality of prefabricated sections.

9. The railroad bed structure of claim 1 or 2, wherein the berm has a first drainage channel extending through the berm, the railroad bed structure further comprising a cable trough having a receiving cavity, the cable trough being disposed between the bed skin and the berm, the first drainage channel being in communication with the receiving cavity.

10. The railroad bed structure of claim 9, wherein the berm further has a second drainage channel extending through the berm, the railroad bed structure further comprises a permeable layer disposed on the bed bottom layer and between the bed surface layer and the berm, the cable trough is disposed on the permeable layer, and the second drainage channel is in communication with the permeable layer.