CN111893775A - 一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，首先配制质紫外线屏蔽整理剂分散液，置于浸轧机料槽中，采用二浸二轧工序处理基布，轧余率为60‑80％，烘焙后轧光处理，得到处理后的织物；接着将有机紫外吸收剂、抗氧剂和光稳定剂加入到有机溶剂中，再加入紫外线屏蔽剂，混匀后加入聚氨酯和交联剂，得涂层胶，均匀地涂覆到处理后的织物表面，烘焙后即得。本发明通过浸轧和涂层两种后整理形式相结合的工艺，在织物表面形成紫外屏蔽层‑抗黄变紫外吸收层双层复合结构，制备的涂层织物具有优异的防紫外线功能同时兼具有抗黄变老化功能，并且外表美观、延长了涂层织物的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种涂层织物的制备方法，尤其是一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，属于纺织加工技术领域。
背景技术
由于工业的迅猛发展，致使大气层中臭氧层遭到破坏，导致紫外线辐射增加，过量的紫外线辐射使得人们患皮肤病和皮肤癌的几率大大增加，随着人们对防紫外线辐射意识的提高，人们对于能够避免过量的紫外线辐射的高性能防紫外线纺织品要求越来越强烈。为此，目前国内的部分涂层织物产品已具有一定的防紫外线功能，但是对于户外产业的纺织品来说，不仅要具有防紫外线的效果，而且还需要具有防雨水的功能，其通常是采用涂层的方法，即在织物表面涂覆一层具有防水功能的涂层胶黏剂。
芳香族聚氨酯涂层剂在织物涂层方面得到广泛的应用，主要是由于芳香族聚氨酯涂层织物具有较优越的强度，抗水压性，抗溶剂性，抗热性，且成本低廉。但是长期在户外使用时，在紫外线照射、热辐照、氧化性气氛等共同作用下，织物涂层中的芳香族聚氨酯树脂中的苯环结构易吸收波长大于340nm的紫外线，氧化分子中的甲撑，进而产生醌/二醌-酰胺结构，进而使得涂层织物发生黄变现象。同时聚氨酯链段在紫外线作用下会发生光傅里叶重排和氨酯键的断裂，造成聚氨酯材料物理力学性能严重下降。所以此类型的聚氨酯涂层织物不仅会发生黄变，而且其拒水性能下降，断裂强力、撕破强力均下降，使用寿命大大缩短。这严重影响了户外涂层面料的长久使用。
为了避免芳香族聚氨酯织物的不足，可选择脂肪族或者脂环族聚氨酯进行涂层，因为其没有共轭效应的苯环，氨酯键较为稳定，不易被光照变黄，但是其反应活性比较低，强度不高，不抗溶剂，不抗水压，因此在户外防水纺织品中限制了它的使用。
综上，解决芳香族聚氨酯涂层织物防紫外线、耐候性差，容易产生黄变等现象，使织物具有优越的拒水性能及提高其使用寿命仍是一项技术难题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术存在的难题，提供一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，操作简单，制得的涂层织物具有优异的抗紫外线性能，并且兼具优异的抗黄变、耐老化、防水功能。
技术方案
一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将紫外线屏蔽剂加入到水中，搅拌均匀，配制质量浓度为10-20％的紫外线屏蔽整理剂分散液，置于浸轧机料槽中，室温下采用二浸二轧工序处理基布，轧余率为60-80％，烘焙后进行轧光处理，得到处理后的织物；
(2)将0.1-3份有机紫外吸收剂、0.1-2份抗氧剂和0.1-2份光稳定剂加入到10-35份有机溶剂中溶解后，再加入0.05-1份紫外线屏蔽剂，混匀后加入62.7-85.6份聚氨酯和0.2-1.5份交联剂，搅拌均匀，得到涂层胶；所述份数均为重量份；
(3)将步骤(2)制得的涂层胶均匀地涂覆到步骤(1)处理后的织物表面，烘焙后，得到防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物。
步骤(1)和(2)中，所述紫外线屏蔽剂为偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛；
步骤(2)中，所述基布的材料为涤纶、棉或锦纶。
进一步，所述偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛的制备方法为：配制质量浓度为15％的纳米二氧化钛水溶液，然后加入占纳米二氧化钛质量0.5％-3％的偶联剂，在1000r/min的高速搅拌下，升温至55-65℃，保温搅拌反应4-6h，反应完毕后离心，干燥，得到偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛；
所述的偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂或有机硅偶联剂；所述的二氧化钛的类型为金红石型，粒径为30-80nm。
进一步，步骤(1)中，烘焙温度为120-150℃，时间为20-160s。
进一步，步骤(2)中，所述有机紫外吸收剂为羟基苯并三唑类紫外吸收剂或羟基二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂。
进一步，步骤(2)中，所述抗氧剂为四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯或硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯；所述光稳定剂为受阻胺类光稳定剂，例如：丁二酸与(4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶醇的聚合物)，双(2,2,6,6－四甲基－4－哌啶基)癸二酸酯等；所述交联剂为多异氰酸酯类交联剂。
进一步，步骤(2)中，所述有机溶剂为N,N二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、丁酮或乙酸乙酯中一种或两种以上任意比例的混合物。
进一步，步骤(2)中，所述聚氨酯为4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯中的一种或二者任意比例的混合物。
进一步，步骤(3)中，涂层胶在织物表面的涂布量为10-35g/m2。
进一步，步骤(3)中，焙烘温度为115-165℃，时间为3-8min。
本发明的有益效果:
(1)本发明通过浸轧和涂层两种后整理形式相结合的工艺，在织物表面形成紫外屏蔽层-抗黄变紫外吸收层双层复合结构，制备了一种多层结构防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物，该涂层织物具有优异的防紫外线功能同时兼具有抗黄变老化功能，保持了涂层织物的外表美观、延长了涂层织物的使用寿命。
(2)本发明制备的涂层织物工艺简单，易于操作，无需添加昂贵设备，可规模化生产。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步的说明。
实施例1
一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将紫外线屏蔽剂加入到水中，搅拌均匀，配制质量浓度为15％的紫外线屏蔽整理剂分散液，置于浸轧机料槽中，室温下采用二浸二轧工序处理涤纶基布，轧余率为60％，120℃烘焙20s后进行轧光处理，得到处理后的织物；
(2)将0.5份有机紫外吸收剂(2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮)、0.2份抗氧剂(四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯)和0.2份光稳定剂(丁二酸与4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶醇的聚合物)加入到31.53份有机溶剂(甲苯)中溶解后，再加入0.05份紫外线屏蔽剂，混匀后加入68份聚氨酯(4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)和0.52份交联剂(三苯基甲烷三异氰酸酯)，搅拌均匀，得到涂层胶；所述份数均为重量份；
(3)将步骤(2)制得的涂层胶均匀地涂覆到步骤(1)处理后的织物表面，涂布量为10g/m2，115℃烘焙3min后，得到防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物。
步骤(1)和(2)中，所述紫外线屏蔽剂为偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛，制备方法为：配制质量浓度为15％的纳米二氧化钛(金红石型，粒径为30-80nm)水溶液，然后加入占纳米二氧化钛质量0.5％的硅烷偶联剂KH550，在1000r/min的高速搅拌下，60℃水浴加热5h，反应完毕后离心，干燥，得到偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛。
实施例2
一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将紫外线屏蔽剂加入到水中，搅拌均匀，配制质量浓度为15％的紫外线屏蔽整理剂分散液，置于浸轧机料槽中，室温下采用二浸二轧工序处理涤纶基布，轧余率为70％，135℃烘焙25s后进行轧光处理，得到处理后的织物；
(2)将1份有机紫外吸收剂(2-羟基-4-正辛氧基二苯甲酮)、0.5份抗氧剂(四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯)和0.5份光稳定剂(丁二酸与4-羟基-2,2,6,6-四甲基-1-哌啶醇的聚合物)加入到22.9份有机溶剂(丁酮)中溶解后，再加入0.1份紫外线屏蔽剂，混匀后加入74份聚氨酯(4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)和1份交联剂(甲苯二异氰酸酯)，搅拌均匀，得到涂层胶；所述份数均为重量份；
(3)将步骤(2)制得的涂层胶均匀地涂覆到步骤(1)处理后的织物表面，涂布量为25g/m2，145℃烘焙5min后，得到防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物。
步骤(1)和(2)中，所述紫外线屏蔽剂为偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛，制备方法为：配制质量浓度为15％的纳米二氧化钛(金红石型，粒径为30-80nm)水溶液，然后加入占纳米二氧化钛质量3％的硅烷偶联剂KH570，在1000r/min的高速搅拌，60℃水浴加热5h，反应完毕后进行离心干燥得到改性的纳米二氧化钛。
实施例3
一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，包括如下步骤：
(1)将紫外线屏蔽剂加入到水中，搅拌均匀，配制质量浓度为15％的紫外线屏蔽整理剂分散液，置于浸轧机料槽中，室温下采用二浸二轧工序处理涤纶基布，轧余率为80％，150℃烘焙30s后进行轧光处理，得到处理后的织物；
(2)将2.5份有机紫外吸收剂(2-(2'-羟基-3'-叔丁基-5'-甲基苯基)-5-氯代苯并三唑)、1.5份抗氧剂(硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯)和1.5份光稳定剂(双(2,2,6,6－四甲基－4－哌啶基)癸二酸酯)加入到11.5份有机溶剂(丁酮)中溶解后，再加入0.8份紫外线屏蔽剂，混匀后加入82份聚氨酯(4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)和1.2份交联剂(甲苯二异氰酸酯)，搅拌均匀，得到涂层胶；所述份数均为重量份；
(3)将步骤(2)制得的涂层胶均匀地涂覆到步骤(1)处理后的织物表面，涂布量为35g/m2，165℃烘焙8min后，得到防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物。
步骤(1)和(2)中，所述紫外线屏蔽剂为偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛，制备方法为：配制质量浓度为15％的纳米二氧化钛(金红石型，粒径为30-80nm)水溶液，然后加入占纳米二氧化钛质量2％的钛酸酯偶联剂101，在1000r/min的高速搅拌下，60℃水浴加热5h，反应完毕后进行离心干燥得到改性的纳米二氧化钛。
对比例
不添加任何试剂的纯聚氨酯涂层织物：
(1)加入87.3份聚氨酯(4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯)和1.2份交联剂(甲苯二异氰酸酯)，11.5份的丁酮，搅拌均匀，得到涂层胶；所述份数均为重量份；
(2)将步骤(1)制得的涂层胶均匀地涂覆到涤纶织物表面，涂布量为35g/m2，165℃烘焙8min后，得到防水涂层织物。
将实施例1-3制得的涂层织物进行紫外透过率、抗黄变性能及防水性能的测试，并与对比例的涂层织物进行对比，测试方法及结果如下：
紫外透过率：将样品在紫外光分光光度计下测试其透过率，测定波长为200～400nm。
抗黄变性能：将涂层织物放在紫外光老化实验箱(照射波长为340nm，45℃)中，在试样表面预灯管底平行、距离为250mm条件下光照24h加速老化黄变，得到黄变处理后的样品；将黄变处理后的样品用测色配色仪进行测试，测定其白度，计算其与未黄变处理样品的差值，所得值越小，表明色泽变化越小，黄变程度越小；按公式计算黄变前后面料的色差，并根据GB/T1766-2008《色漆和清漆涂层老化的评级方法》评定变色等级，0级表示无变色，5级表示严重变色，级数越大则黄变程度越大。
防水性能：按照GB/T4744-1997《纺织织物抗渗水性测定静水压试验》测试抗静水压，静水压越大表面抗水性越强。
结果见表1：
表1
由表1的测试结果可以看出，本发明实施例1-3制得的涂层织物具有优异的防紫外线功能、抗黄变老化功能以及防水性能。
Claims (9)
1.一种防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
(1)将紫外线屏蔽剂加入到水中，搅拌均匀，配制质量浓度为10-20％的紫外线屏蔽整理剂分散液，置于浸轧机料槽中，室温下采用二浸二轧工序处理基布，轧余率为60-80％，烘焙后进行轧光处理，得到处理后的织物；
(2)将0.1-3份有机紫外吸收剂、0.1-2份抗氧剂和0.1-2份光稳定剂加入到10-35份有机溶剂中溶解后，再加入0.05-1份紫外线屏蔽剂，混匀后加入62.7-85.6份聚氨酯和0.2-1.5份交联剂，搅拌均匀，得到涂层胶；所述份数均为重量份；
(3)将步骤(2)制得的涂层胶均匀地涂覆到步骤(1)处理后的织物表面，烘焙后，得到防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物；
步骤(1)和(2)中，所述紫外线屏蔽剂为偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛；
步骤(2)中，所述基布的材料为涤纶、棉或锦纶。
2.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，所述偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛的制备方法为：配制质量浓度为15％的纳米二氧化钛水溶液，然后加入占纳米二氧化钛质量0.5％-3％的偶联剂，在1000r/min的高速搅拌下，升温至55-65℃，保温搅拌反应4-6h，反应完毕后离心，干燥，得到偶联剂改性的纳米二氧化钛；
所述的偶联剂为钛酸酯偶联剂或有机硅偶联剂；所述的二氧化钛的类型为金红石型，粒径为30-80nm。
3.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(1)中，烘焙温度为120-150℃，时间为20-160s。
4.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述有机紫外吸收剂为羟基苯并三唑类紫外吸收剂或羟基二苯甲酮类紫外吸收剂。
5.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述抗氧剂为四[β-(3,5-二叔丁基-4-羟基苯基)丙酸]季戊四醇酯或硫代二丙酸二硬脂醇酯。
6.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述有机溶剂为N,N二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、丁酮或乙酸乙酯中一种或两种以上任意比例的混合物。
7.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(2)中，所述聚氨酯为4,4-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯、2,4-甲苯二异氰酸酯中的一种或二者任意比例的混合物。
8.如权利要求1所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，涂层胶在织物表面的涂布量为10-35g/m2。
9.如权利要求1至8任一项所述防紫外线抗黄变防水涂层织物的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤(3)中，焙烘温度为115-165℃，时间为3-8min。
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| CN113355907A (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2021-09-07 | 深圳减字科技有限公司 | 防晒织物的制备方法、防晒织物及防晒伞 |
| CN113355907B (zh) * | 2021-06-01 | 2022-05-10 | 深圳减字科技有限公司 | 防晒织物的制备方法、防晒织物及防晒伞 |
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| CN114193866A (zh) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-03-18 | 常州雅美特窗饰股份有限公司 | 一种提高抗菌防紫外线型复合窗帘面料耐黄变性能的方法 |
| CN114403540A (zh) * | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-29 | 浙江三益鞋业有限公司 | 一种抗老化的女靴及其制备方法 |
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| CN114737405A (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-12 | 高梵(浙江)信息技术有限公司 | 一种防水防紫外的高强度轻薄面料的制备方法 |
| CN114737405B (zh) * | 2022-05-19 | 2023-08-25 | 高梵(浙江)信息技术有限公司 | 一种防水防紫外的高强度轻薄面料的制备方法 |
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