CN111893751A - 耐火抑菌窗帘布料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
耐火抑菌窗帘布料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111893751A CN111893751A CN202010717296.4A CN202010717296A CN111893751A CN 111893751 A CN111893751 A CN 111893751A CN 202010717296 A CN202010717296 A CN 202010717296A CN 111893751 A CN111893751 A CN 111893751A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料及其制备方法,涉及布料的技术领域,其技术方案要点是一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料,由聚乳酸无纺布基体经缓释微胶囊剂处理制成;所述缓释微胶囊剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:稀土组合物,铁氧体磁铁,四氧化三铁,活性剂,甲基纤维素,单油酸甘油酯,环糊精,十二烷基硫酸钠,羟乙基纤维素;所述活性剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:绿茶叶,螺旋藻,丁香,女贞,乙醇,复合酶。本发明的耐火抑菌窗帘布料具有耐火抑菌且可降解对环境友好的优点。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及布料的技术领域,更具体地说,它涉及一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料及其制备方法。
背景技术
窗帘是由布、麻、纱、铝片、木片、金属材料等制作的,其主要作用是与外界隔绝,保持居室的私密性。但是,随着现代社会的发展和人们生活质量的提高,传统窗帘已经无法满足人们对于窗帘的多样化的需求,因此多功能窗帘以其优良的阻燃、隔热、隔音、抗菌、防霉、防水、防油、防污、防尘、防静电、耐磨等功能逐渐在市场上兴起。多功能窗帘是采用纳米功能助剂对丝、麻、棉等纺织成品进行纳米技术处理,使适合制作窗帘的花色布具有阻燃、隔热、隔音、抗菌、防霉、防水、防油、防污、防尘、防静电、耐磨等功能,集合了多种功能的布加工的窗帘。
现有可参考申请公布号为CN109774282A的专利申请文件,公开了一种耐火抑菌型窗帘布料,为两层织物,表、内层织物通过光触媒纤维连接;表、内层织物均由聚酰亚胺纤维和抗菌纤维编织而成,聚酰亚胺纤维含量为70%,抗菌纤维含量为30%;上述发明的窗帘布料为两层织物,表、内层织物通过光触媒纤维连接,通过光触媒纤维连接不仅能够增大窗帘布料的透气性,而且在光照条件下,具有抑菌功效;表、内层织物均由聚酰亚胺纤维和抗菌纤维制成,使用聚酰亚胺纤维作为主原料之一,在保证机械性能的基础上能够有效提高窗帘布料的耐火性能,抗菌纤维为接枝了壳聚糖的竹浆纤维,具有优异的抗菌性能;同时,还对布料进行了阻燃整理,增强窗帘布料的耐火性。
虽然聚酰亚胺纤维的加入可以提高窗帘布料的机械性能、耐高低温性能以及化学稳定性,但是当其被丢弃到环境时难以降解,因此增加了环境负担。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足,本发明的第一个目的在于提供一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料,其具有耐火抑菌且可降解对环境友好的优点。
第二个目的在于提供一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料的制备方法,其具有最大限度保持活性物质的有效性和制备过程简单的优点。
为实现上述第一个目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:
由聚乳酸无纺布基体经缓释微胶囊剂处理制成;
所述聚乳酸无纺布基体由聚乳酸无纺布经改良剂处理制成;
所述缓释微胶囊剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:稀土组合物0.3-0.5份,铁氧体磁铁20-30份,四氧化三铁20-30份,活性剂30-40份,甲基纤维素30-40份,单油酸甘油酯30-40份,环糊精30-40份,十二烷基硫酸钠10-15份,羟乙基纤维素10-15份,乙醇80-90份;
所述活性剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:绿茶叶30-40份,螺旋藻30-40份,丁香20-30份,女贞10-20份,乙醇80-90份,复合酶11-15份。
通过采用上述技术方案,采用聚乳酸和石墨烯结合后使整个耐火抑菌窗帘布料不仅具有石墨烯优良的抗菌抑菌以及耐火性能,而且由于石墨烯和聚乳酸在自然界中均能够被自然降解成为CO2和H2O,因此使整个耐火抑菌窗帘布料具有低碳环保的优点。
考虑到办公区、多媒体教室和网吧等场所,不仅人员密集而且计算机数量多,其中还存在电脑使用年限长久的情况,导致上述环境中的电磁辐射浓度相比于正常环境中的电磁辐射浓度更大,处于上述环境中的人员因长期受高浓度电磁辐射的影响容易使自身健康具有一定的损害。因此上述环境中所使用到的窗帘或者隔帘除了需要具备耐火抑菌的性能外,还需要对上述环境中的电磁辐射具有一定吸收作用。当环境中的电磁辐射通过耐火抑菌窗帘布料内时,耐火抑菌窗帘布料内的石墨烯的单层碳原子紧密排列成的二维蜂窝状结构,能够对进入的电磁波进行多次漫反射,从而使电磁波能量衰减,从而实现了对电磁波的吸收。除此之外,通过稀土元素在铁氧体磁铁的晶格中占据不同的位置从而改变铁氧体磁铁的各向异性场、饱和磁化强度、电阻率、矫顽力和自然共振频率,从而有效调节磁铁铁氧体的电磁参数,控制电磁波吸收率,进一步降低环境中电磁辐射的浓度;同时稀土元素在一定程度上也能够提高耐火抑菌窗帘布料的耐火性能。活性剂中的绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞可以长期向环境中释放活性成分,当这些活性成分被人吸收后,有利于减缓处于上述环境中的人群所受到的辐射的影响,且活性剂中的绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞还能够有效抑制空气中微生物的生长和繁殖,从而能够提高耐火抑菌窗帘布料的抑菌性能。
进一步地,所述改良剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:石墨烯50-60份,十二烷基苯磺酸钠10-20份,聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚10-20份,去离子水80-90份。
通过采用上述技术方案,加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠作为分散剂不仅促使石墨烯与表面活性剂聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚混合均匀,而且与能够表面活性剂聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚协同发挥作用,使石墨烯胶体粒子均匀地分散在聚乳酸无纺布的间隙中。
进一步地,所述稀土组合物由包含以下重量份的原料制成:氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆中的一种或多种。
通过采用上述技术方案,氯化铷中的铷离子以及氧化钆通过置换铁氧体磁铁中的三价铁离子,从而改变了铁氧体磁铁的微观结构和形貌,进而提高了铁氧体磁铁的饱和磁化强度和微波反射损耗;氧化镧中的镧离子通过置换铁氧体磁铁中的三价铁离子,从而改变了提高铁氧体磁铁的磁性能,进而提高了铁氧体磁铁的微波吸收性能;氧化钆中的钆离子通过换铁氧体磁铁中的三价铁离子,从而提高了铁氧体磁铁的电磁波损耗,使铁氧体磁铁具有更高的矫顽力和反射损耗值;因此通过氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆改变来铁氧体磁铁的微观结构、形貌、磁性能以及电磁波损耗,从而提高来氧体磁铁的吸波能力,进而提高了耐火抑菌窗帘布料的吸波能力;除此之外,氧化镧和氧化钆能够提高耐火抑菌窗帘布料的熔点,从而使耐火抑菌窗帘布料具有良好的耐火性能。
进一步地,所述复合酶由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成。
通过采用上述技术方案,由于绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞的细胞壁主要由纤维素和果胶构成,因此加入纤维素酶和果胶酶后能够对细胞壁进行分解,从而有利于细胞内的活性物质被充分释放出来。
为实现上述第二个目的,本发明提供了如下技术方案:一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1:聚乳酸无纺布基体的制备:
S11:将聚乳酸无纺布浸泡在改良剂中48h;
S12:将经过S11浸泡后的聚乳酸无纺布进行干燥,使干燥后的聚乳酸无纺布的含水量≤5%,得聚乳酸无纺布基体;
S2:缓释微胶囊剂的制备:
S21:称取甲基纤维素、单油酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和环糊精和羟乙基纤维素均溶解在乙醇中,搅拌均匀,得混合液;
S22:在S21所制得的混合液中加入活性剂和稀土组合物、铁氧体磁铁、四氧化三铁,搅拌均匀,得混合物;
S23:将S22制得的混合物放在0-5℃的冰水中,在均质条件下迅速冷却;
S24:将S23冷却后的混合物过滤分液,取上层的悬浊液体,得缓释微胶囊剂;
S3:将S12中所得的聚乳酸无纺布基体加入到S24所得的缓释微胶囊剂中浸泡48h;
S4:将S3中的聚乳酸无纺布基体取出进行干燥,得到耐火抑菌窗帘布料。
通过采用上述技术方案,当稀土组合物与铁氧体磁铁、四氧化三铁和绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞制备成缓释微胶囊剂后,不仅能够使有效成分长期持续地释放至外界环境中,而且绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞中的活性成分经过酶解后被充分释放出来,当被人体吸收后,人体受电磁辐射的影响会得到明显缓解,从而有利于人体的健康。
进一步地,所述S4中所得的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的含水量≤3%。
通过采用上述技术方案,耐火抑菌窗帘布料的含水量≤3%有利于其中各物料的活性成分向外界释放出来。
进一步地,所述活性剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1:称取绿茶叶30-40份,螺旋藻30-40份,丁香20-30份和女贞10-20份进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料;
A2:向A1所得的混合粉料中加入复合酶,然后加入去离子水,使料水比达到1:10,搅拌均匀,得到混合液体;
A3:将A2中所的混合液体酶解,得酶解混合液;
A4:将A3所得的混合液于100℃条件下灭酶,得灭酶后的酶解混合液;
A5:将A4所得的灭酶后的酶解混合液进行过滤,取上清液;
A6:将乙醇加入到A5所得的上清液中,得到可挥发性的活性剂。
通过采用上述技术方案,为了保证酶解过程充分,酶解过程中所加入的复合酶的量多于底物的量,因此酶解结束后的酶解混合液中仍然存在大量具有活性的酶,但是由于聚乳酸纤维也会受到纤维素酶和果胶酶的影响,因此需要对酶解混合液进行灭酶处理;通过乙醇的挥发性来带动绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞中的活性成分在环境中充分扩散。
进一步地,所述A3的酶解的条件为pH4.8且温度为50℃。
通过采用上述技术方案,该条件有利于保持纤维素酶和果胶酶在酶解过程中的活性,从而有利于将绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞中的活性成分充分释放出来。
综上所述,本发明具有以下有益效果:
由于本发明采用采用聚乳酸和石墨烯结合后使整个耐火抑菌窗帘布料不仅具有石墨烯优良的抗菌抑菌以及耐火性能,而且由于石墨烯和聚乳酸原材料均取自自然界中广泛存在的物质,因此生产成本较低,且二者均能够被降解成为CO2和H2O,因此整个耐火抑菌窗帘布料具有低碳环保的优点。
本发明中优选采用氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆,通过氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆改变来铁氧体磁铁的微观结构、形貌、磁性能以及电磁波损耗,从而提高来铁氧体磁铁的吸波能力,进而提高了耐火抑菌窗帘布料的吸波能力;除此之外,氧化镧和氧化钆能够提高耐火抑菌窗帘布料的熔点,从而使耐火抑菌窗帘布料具有良好的耐火性能。
本发明的制备方法,通过稀土组合物与铁氧体磁铁、四氧化三铁和绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞制备成缓释微胶囊剂后,不仅能够使有效成分长期持续地释放至外界环境中,而且绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞中的活性成分经过酶解后被充分释放出来,当被人体吸收后,人体受电磁辐射的影响会得到明显缓解,从而有利于人体的健康。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
改良剂的制备例
改良剂的各制备例中的石墨烯为青岛莱西胶体厂提供的石墨烯胶体;十二烷基苯磺酸钠为天津中和盛泰化工有限公司提供的十二烷基苯磺酸钠,货号60型;聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚为江苏省海安石油化工厂提供的聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚,货号JK14。
改良剂制备例1
P1:称取石墨烯50kg、十二烷基苯磺酸钠10kg、聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚10kg和去离子水80kg;
P2:将石墨烯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚均投入至去离子水中,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得改良剂。
改良剂制备例2
P1:称取石墨烯55kg、十二烷基苯磺酸钠15kg、聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚15kg和去离子水85kg;
P2:将石墨烯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚均投入至去离子水中,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得改良剂。
改良剂制备例3
P1:称取石墨烯60kg、十二烷基苯磺酸钠20kg、聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚20kg和去离子水90kg;
P2:将石墨烯、十二烷基苯磺酸钠和聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚均投入至去离子水中,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得改良剂。
活性剂的制备例
活性剂的各制备例中的绿茶叶为云栖老茶农提供的龙井茶;螺旋藻为河南臻玉实业有限公司提供的螺旋藻粉;丁香为豪州市元隆堂药业有限公司提供的公丁香粉;女贞为豪州市元隆堂药业有限公司提供的女贞粉;纤维素酶为河北百味生物科技有限公司提供的纤维素酶,酶活力为20万;果胶酶为河北百味生物科技有限公司提供的果胶酶,酶活力为20万。
活性剂的制备例1
A1:称取绿茶叶30kg、螺旋藻30kg、丁香20kg和女贞10kg,将绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料;
A2:向A1所得的混合粉料中加入复合酶11kg(由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成),加入去离子水,使料水比达到1:10,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得混合液体;
A3:将A2中所得到的混合液体于pH4.8且温度为50℃的条件下酶解,得酶解混合液;
A4:将A3所得的混合液于100℃条件下灭酶,得灭酶后的酶解混合液;
A5:将A4所得的灭酶后的酶解混合液进行过滤,取上清液;
A6:将80kg浓度为65%的乙醇加入到A5所得的上清液中,得可挥发性的活性剂。
活性剂的制备例2
A1:称取绿茶叶35kg、螺旋藻35kg、丁香25kg和女贞15kg,将绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料;
A2:向A1所得的混合粉料中加入复合酶13kg(由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成),加入去离子水,使料水比达到1:10,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得混合液体;
A3:将A2中所得到的混合液体于pH4.8且温度为50℃的条件下酶解,得酶解混合液;
A4:将A3所得的混合液于100℃条件下灭酶,得灭酶后的酶解混合液;
A5:将A4所得的灭酶后的酶解混合液进行过滤,取上清液;
A6:将85kg浓度为65%的乙醇加入到A5所得的上清液中,得可挥发性的活性剂。
活性剂的制备例3
A1:称取绿茶叶40kg、螺旋藻40kg、丁香30kg和女贞20kg,将绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料;
A2:向A1所得的混合粉料中加入复合酶15kg(由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成),加入去离子水,使料水比达到1:10,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得混合液体;
A3:将A2中所得到的混合液体于pH4.8且温度为50℃的条件下酶解,得酶解混合液;
A4:将A3所得的混合液于100℃条件下灭酶,得灭酶后的酶解混合液;
A5:将A4所得的灭酶后的酶解混合液进行过滤,取上清液;
A6:将90kg浓度为65%的乙醇加入到A5所得的上清液中,得可挥发性的活性剂。
活性剂的制备例4
A1:称取绿茶叶30kg、螺旋藻30kg、丁香20kg和女贞10kg,将绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料;
A2:向混合粉料中加入去离子水,使料水比达到1:10,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌30min,得到活性剂。
活性剂的制备例5
本制备例与活性剂的制备例1不同之处在于,本制备例的A1步骤为:称取螺旋藻30kg和女贞10kg,将螺旋藻和女贞进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料。
实施例
以下实施例中的聚乳酸无纺布为青岛小玉米环保科技有限公司提供的聚乳酸无纺布,含量100%;氯化铷为上海欧金实业有限公司提供的氯化铷,纯度99.9%,粒度80目;氧化镧为北京德科岛金科技有限公司提供的纳米氧化镧,纯度99.9%,平均粒径40nm;氧化钆为北京德科岛金科技有限公司提供的纳米氧化钆,纯度99.9%,平均粒径40nm;铁氧体磁铁为MIGMOT品牌的铁氧体永磁,剩磁为430-450(T),最大磁能积33-39(KJ/m3),矫顽力215-240(KA/m),内禀矫顽力217-241(KA/m);四氧化三铁为提供的为北京德科岛金科技有限公司提供的纳米四氧化三铁,纯度99.9%,平均粒径20nm;甲基纤维素为南通金顺环保科技有限公司提供的羟丙基甲基纤维素,含量≥96%,货号JSPMC25;单油酸甘油酯为江苏省海安石油化工厂提供的单油酸甘油酯,含量≥99%,型号GMO;十二烷基硫酸钠为天津中和盛泰化工有限公司提供的十二烷基硫酸钠,型号K12;环糊精为河北百优生物科技有限公司提供的β-环糊精,含量99%;羟乙基纤维素为南通金顺环保科技有限公司提供的羟乙基纤维素,含量≥96%,货号JSHEC25。
实施例1
S1:聚乳酸无纺布基体的制备:
S11:向聚乳酸无纺布中加入改良剂,使改良剂完全没过聚乳酸无纺布,于温度为60℃且pH为7的条件下浸泡48h;
S12:将经过S11浸泡后的聚乳酸无纺布进行干燥,使干燥后的聚乳酸无纺布的含水量≤5%,得聚乳酸无纺布基体;
S2:缓释微胶囊剂的制备:
S21:称取甲基纤维素30kg、单油酸甘油酸30kg、环糊精30kg、十二烷基硫酸钠10kg和羟乙基纤维素10kg均溶解在80kg浓度为65%的乙醇中,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌,直至分散均匀,得到混合液;
S22:在S21所制得的混合液中加入活性剂30kg和稀土组合物(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆组成)0.3kg、铁氧体磁铁20kg、四氧化三铁20kg,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌,直至分散均匀;
S23:将S22制得的混合物放在0℃的冰水中,于均质速度为5000-10000r/min的均质条件下迅速冷却;
S24:将S23冷却后的混合物过滤分液,取上层的悬浊液体,得缓释微胶囊剂;
S3:向S12中所得的聚乳酸无纺布基体中加入S24所得的缓释微胶囊剂,使缓释微胶囊剂完全没过聚乳酸无纺布基体,于温度为60℃且pH为7的条件下浸泡48h;
S4:将S3中的聚乳酸无纺布基体取出进行干燥,使聚乳酸无纺布基体的含水量≤3%,得到耐火抑菌窗帘布料。
本实施例中的改良剂为改良剂的制备例1中制备而得,本实施例中的活性剂为活性剂的制备例1中制备而得。
实施例2
S1:聚乳酸无纺布基体的制备:
S11:向聚乳酸无纺布中加入改良剂,使改良剂完全没过聚乳酸无纺布,于温度为60℃且pH为7的条件下浸泡48h;
S12:将经过S11浸泡后的聚乳酸无纺布进行干燥,使干燥后的聚乳酸无纺布的含水量≤5%,得聚乳酸无纺布基体;
S2:缓释微胶囊剂的制备:
S21:称取甲基纤维素35kg、单油酸甘油酸35kg、环糊精35kg、十二烷基硫酸钠13kg和羟乙基纤维素13kg均溶解在85kg浓度为65%的乙醇中,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌,直至分散均匀;
S22:在S21所制得的混合液中加入活性剂35kg和稀土组合物0.4kg(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆)、铁氧体磁铁25kg、四氧化三铁25kg,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌,直至分散均匀;
S23:将S22制得的混合物放在0℃的冰水中,于均质速度为5000-10000r/min的均质条件下迅速冷却;
S24:将S23冷却后的混合物过滤分液,取上层的悬浊液体,得缓释微胶囊剂;
S3:向S12中所得的聚乳酸无纺布基体中加入S24所得的缓释微胶囊剂,使缓释微胶囊剂完全没过聚乳酸无纺布基体,于温度为60℃且pH为7的条件下浸泡48h;
S4:将S3中的聚乳酸无纺布基体取出进行干燥,使聚乳酸无纺布基体的含水量≤3%,得到耐火抑菌窗帘布料。
本实施例中的改良剂为改良剂的制备例2中制备而得,本实施例中的活性剂为活性剂的制备例2中制备而得。
实施例3
S1:聚乳酸无纺布基体的制备:
S11:向聚乳酸无纺布中加入改良剂,使改良剂完全没过聚乳酸无纺布,于温度为60℃且pH为7的条件下浸泡48h;
S12:将经过S11浸泡后的聚乳酸无纺布进行干燥,使干燥后的聚乳酸无纺布的含水量≤5%,得聚乳酸无纺布基体;
S2:缓释微胶囊剂的制备:
S21:称取甲基纤维素40kg、单油酸甘油酸40kg、环糊精40kg、十二烷基硫酸钠15kg和羟乙基纤维素15kg均溶解在90kg浓度为65%的乙醇中,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌,直至分散均匀;
S22:在S21所制得的混合液中加入活性剂40kg和稀土组合物0.5kg(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆组成)、铁氧体磁铁30kg、四氧化三铁30kg,于温度为60℃且搅拌速率为600r/min的条件下进行磁力搅拌,直至分散均匀;
S23:将S22制得的混合物放在0℃的冰水中,于均质速度为5000-10000r/min的均质条件下迅速冷却;
S24:将S23冷却后的混合物过滤分液,取上层的悬浊液体,得缓释微胶囊剂;
S3:向S12中所得的聚乳酸无纺布基体中加入S24所得的缓释微胶囊剂,使缓释微胶囊剂完全没过聚乳酸无纺布基体,于温度为60℃且pH为7的条件下浸泡48h;
S4:将S3中的聚乳酸无纺布基体取出进行干燥,使聚乳酸无纺布基体的含水量≤3%,得到耐火抑菌窗帘布料。
本实施例中的改良剂为改良剂的制备例3中制备而得,本实施例中的活性剂为活性剂的制备例3中制备而得。
实施例4
本实施例与实施例1的不同之处在于,本实施例中的活性剂为活性剂的制备例4中制备而得。
对比例
对比例1
本对比例采用一种耐火抑菌型窗帘布料(CN109774282A)的实施例1:
(1)将壳聚糖溶解于质量分数为2%的醋酸溶液中,配制成壳聚糖质量浓度为60g/L的壳聚糖溶液,并用稀盐酸调节溶液的pH至3-4,缓慢升温至80℃;
(2)向上述溶液中缓慢滴加环氧氯丙烷,滴完后反应100min,得到改性壳聚糖溶液,然后用NaOH溶液调节改性壳聚糖溶液的pH值至10,备用;(其中,壳聚糖与环氧氯丙烷的用量比为1:0.8);
(3)按照固液比1g:15mL将竹浆纤维置于质量分数为0.5%的氢氧化钠溶液中煮沸60-70min,再于3000r/min的速度离心脱水,然后加入去离子水反复离心洗涤,直至洗涤离心液的pH值为10;
(4)将上述得到的竹浆纤维分散于改性壳聚糖糖溶液中,在pH值为10、温度为80℃条件下回流反应3h,离心,将产物用质量分数为0.5%的盐酸溶液洗涤2-3次,再用去离子水反复洗涤,直至洗涤液pH值呈中性,最后于60℃干燥箱中烘干,制得抗菌纤维。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于,本对比例未添加稀土组合物。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例1的不同之处在于,本对比例的活性剂为活性剂的制备例5中制备而得。
性能检测试验
1.耐火性能检测:
参照GB/T5455-2014《纺织品燃烧性能垂直方向损毁长度、阴燃和续燃时间的测定》测试实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的续燃时间、阴燃时间及损毁长度,测试结果见表1:
表1实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的续燃时间、阴燃时间及损毁长度的检测结果
从表1可以看出,实施例1-4所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的续燃时间均为0s,阴燃时间为1.7-2.4s之间,损毁长度为2.6-3.4cm之间,燃烧过程中不产生黑烟、气味,燃烧物呈酸奶絮状掉落;说明通过该发明所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料不仅耐火性能优良,而且其燃烧过程不产生黑烟以及刺激性气味,因而对周围环境的空气影响小。通过实施例1与对比例1相比,表明添加稀土组合物(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆组成)后在一定程度上提高了耐火抑菌窗帘布料的耐火性能。
2.抑菌性能检测:
参照FZ/T73023-2006《抗菌针织品》和GB/T20944.1-2007《纺织品抗菌性能的评价第1部分:琼脂平皿扩散法》测试实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的抗菌性,测得抑菌率(%),测试结果见表2:
表2实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的抑菌性能检测结果
从表2可以看出,实施例1-4所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料对大肠杆菌的抑菌率在94.5-96.8%之间,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率在95.5-97.9%之间,且对白色念珠菌的抑菌率在92.2-94.4%之间,说明通过本发明所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料对于空气中的常见有害菌具有良好的抑制作用;通过实施例1与对比例2和3相比,说明绿茶叶和丁香中的活性物质对于有害菌具有明显的抑制作用,且稀土组合物(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆组成)对于有害菌的也具有一定的抑制作用。
3.抗辐射性能检测:
3.1:使用电磁辐射检测仪对参照GB8702-88《电磁辐射防护规定》测试实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的电磁辐射强度,测试结果见表3:
3.2:Q1:选取7间房间,先在7间房间内挂设遮光布,使7间房间内处于完全黑暗状态,在7间房间内均放置10台计算机,各计算机均购于10年前;
Q2:将实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料分别挂设在Q1所选取的房间内;
Q3:征集70名志愿者,随机分成7组,每组各10人,使7组志愿者分别处于Q2所选取的房间内使用房间内的计算机进行工作,每日在房间内的时间为8h,且各志愿者每日的饮食以及睡眠均正常进行;
Q4:每隔7日对各房间的耐火抑菌窗帘布料喷覆相应的缓释微胶囊剂,1个月后检测各志愿者的情况,测试结果见表3:
表3实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的抗辐射性能检测结果
从表3可以看出,实施例1-4所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的电场和磁场检测结果均低于国家对于电磁辐射的规定值,同时通过实施例1与对比例1相比,说明本发明所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料对于电磁辐射具有一定的吸收作用;志愿者的表现为眼睛轻微干涩、疼痛,且失眠和头疼发生情况较少,同时通过实施例1与对比例2和3相比,稀土组合物(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆组成)和绿茶叶和丁香能够改善受电磁辐射的志愿者的身体状况,有利于志愿者的身体健康;通过实施例1与实施例4对比,绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞经过复合酶(由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成)进行酶解后,其中的活性成分被充分浸提出来,当志愿者吸收环境中的活性成分后,志愿者受电磁辐射的影响会得到明显缓解,因此绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞经过复合酶(由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成)浸提后能够从长远来改善耐火抑菌窗帘布料对于电磁辐射对于志愿者的影响。
4.生物降解性能:
4.1:分别取实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料1000g,记为Mo;
4.2:在树林潮湿且有机质丰富处取7个地点进行标记,在7个地点处分别向下挖出一个深坑,深坑的深度为1m;
4.3:将实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料埋在7个地点处的深坑中,并将之前的坑土重新填至各个深坑内;
4.4:六个月之后将7个地点的耐火抑菌窗帘布料取出,冲洗干净、晾干并称量其质量,记为Mi,其中i取1、2、3……7;
4.5:计算其自然生物降解率%=(Mo-Mi)/Mo
表4实施例1-4和对比例1-3中的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的生物降解率
检测结果 | 生物降解率/% |
实施例1 | 44.8 |
实施例2 | 47.5 |
实施例3 | 49.0 |
实施例4 | 42.1 |
对比例1 | 12.1 |
对比例2 | 45.3 |
对比例3 | 44.4 |
从表4可以看出,实施例1-4所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的在自然环境中的生物降解率均在40%以上,说明由聚乳酸无纺布所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料绿色环保的优点。
因此,通过对本发明所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的耐火性能、抑菌性能、抗辐射性能、生物降解性能的检测,本发明所制备的耐火抑菌窗帘布料均表现出良好的耐火性能、抑菌性能、抗辐射性能、生物降解性能,说明本发明通过将聚乳酸无纺布与改良剂、稀土组合物(由质量比为1:3:3的氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆组成)以及绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞结合后不仅保留了聚乳酸无纺布优异的生物降解性能,而且改良剂和稀土组合物还能够提高聚乳酸无纺布的耐火性能以及对电磁辐射的吸收性能,从而降低环境中的电磁辐射的浓度;当稀土组合物与铁氧体磁铁、四氧化三铁和绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞制备成缓释微胶囊剂后,不仅能够使有效成分长期持续地释放至外界环境中,而且绿茶叶、螺旋藻、丁香和女贞中的活性成分经过酶解后被充分释放出来,当被人体吸收后,人体受电磁辐射的影响会得到明显缓解,从而有利于人体的健康。
本具体实施例仅仅是对本发明的解释,其并不是对本发明的限制,本领域技术人员在阅读完本说明书后可以根据需要对本实施例做出没有创造性贡献的修改,但只要在本发明的权利要求范围内都受到专利法的保护。
Claims (8)
1.一种耐火抑菌窗帘布料,其特征在于,由聚乳酸无纺布基体经缓释微胶囊剂处理制成;
所述聚乳酸无纺布基体由聚乳酸无纺布经改良剂处理制成;
所述缓释微胶囊剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:稀土组合物0.3-0.5份,铁氧体磁铁20-30份,四氧化三铁20-30份,活性剂30-40份,甲基纤维素30-40份,单油酸甘油酯30-40份,环糊精30-40份,十二烷基硫酸钠10-15份,羟乙基纤维素10-15份,乙醇80-90份;
所述活性剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:绿茶叶30-40份,螺旋藻30-40份,丁香20-30份,女贞10-20份,乙醇80-90份,复合酶11-15份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料,其特征在于,所述改良剂由包含以下重量份的原料制成:石墨烯50-60份,十二烷基苯磺酸钠10-20份,聚乙二醇烷基苯基醚10-20份,去离子水80-90份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料,其特征在于,所述稀土组合物由包含以下重量份的原料制成:氯化铷、氧化镧和氧化钆中的一种或多种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料,其特征在于,所述复合酶由质量比为1:1的纤维素酶和果胶酶组成。
5.根据权利要求1-4任一所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:聚乳酸无纺布基体的制备:
S11:将聚乳酸无纺布浸泡在改良剂中48h;
S12:将经过S11浸泡后的聚乳酸无纺布进行干燥,使干燥后的聚乳酸无纺布的含水量≤5%,得聚乳酸无纺布基体;
S2:缓释微胶囊剂的制备:
S21:称取甲基纤维素、单油酸甘油酯、十二烷基硫酸钠和环糊精和羟乙基纤维素均溶解在乙醇中,搅拌均匀,得混合液;
S22:在S21所制得的混合液中加入活性剂和稀土组合物、铁氧体磁铁、四氧化三铁,搅拌均匀,得混合物;
S23:将S22制得的混合物放在0-5℃的冰水中,在均质条件下迅速冷却;
S24:将S23冷却后的混合物过滤分液,取上层的悬浊液体,得缓释微胶囊剂;
S3:将S12中所得的聚乳酸无纺布基体加入到S24所得的缓释微胶囊剂中浸泡48h;
S4:将S3中的聚乳酸无纺布基体取出进行干燥,得到耐火抑菌窗帘布料。
6.根据权利要求5所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述S4中所得的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的含水量≤3%。
7.根据权利要求5所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述活性剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
A1:称取绿茶叶30-40份,螺旋藻30-40份,丁香20-30份和女贞10-20份进行超细微粉碎并过400目筛,得混合粉料;
A2:向A1所得的混合粉料中加入复合酶,然后加入去离子水,使料水比达到1:10,搅拌均匀,得到混合液体;
A3:将A2中所得的混合液体酶解,得酶解混合液;
A4:将A3所得的混合液于100℃条件下灭酶,得灭酶后的酶解混合液;
A5:将A4所得的灭酶后的酶解混合液进行过滤,取上清液;
A6:将A5所得的上清液加入到乙醇中,得到可挥发性的活性剂。
8.根据权利要求6所述的耐火抑菌窗帘布料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述A3的酶解的条件为pH4.8且温度为50℃。
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