CN111893480A - Tool bottom plate for laser cladding of thin plate, tool device and cladding method - Google Patents
Tool bottom plate for laser cladding of thin plate, tool device and cladding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111893480A CN111893480A CN201910369694.9A CN201910369694A CN111893480A CN 111893480 A CN111893480 A CN 111893480A CN 201910369694 A CN201910369694 A CN 201910369694A CN 111893480 A CN111893480 A CN 111893480A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
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Abstract
A tooling device for laser cladding of a thin plate and a cladding method comprise designing and manufacturing a tooling bottom plate with a heat exchange channel, wherein the tooling bottom plate can be integrally or separately assembled. And placing the thin plate to be laser-clad on the tool bottom plate, pressing the pressing plate on the thin plate, and connecting the pressing plate with the tool bottom plate through bolts to clamp the thin plate. The laser cladding process comprises the following steps: and the powder is sent out by a powder feeder, is connected to an inlet of the tooling bottom plate by a powder feeding pipe, and is connected to a powder nozzle of the laser cladding head at an outlet by the powder feeding pipe. In the laser cladding process, laser acts on the powder and the thin plate substrate to form a cladding layer. The temperature of the thin plate rises, heat is transferred to the tool bottom plate, powder-carrying gas and powder in the heat exchange channel on the tool bottom plate flow rapidly to exchange heat with the tool bottom plate, and the tool bottom plate is cooled, so that the heat accumulation in the thin plate cladding process is reduced, and the deformation is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser processing, in particular to a tool baseplate, a tool device and a cladding method for laser cladding of a thin plate.
Background
The laser cladding technology is increasingly applied to surface strengthening and remanufacturing of parts as a surface modification technology. Laser cladding techniques are commonly used for various types of parts, but are less applicable to laser cladding of thin plates due to severe thermal deformation. The prior art discloses a process method for laser cladding on an ultrathin plate by adopting pulse laser, and the process method has low laser cladding efficiency due to the adoption of a pulse laser, and is difficult to expand to a high-power continuous laser cladding process. The prior art also discloses a process for carrying out laser cladding on a thin plate by adopting a symmetrical laser cladding method, although the thermal deformation is inhibited, the laser cladding process is complex, and the application is limited because the two sides of the thin plate need to be clad simultaneously.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a tooling device and a cladding method for laser cladding a thin plate, so as to at least partially solve at least one of the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, as one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for laser cladding of a thin plate, comprising the steps of:
placing a thin plate to be subjected to laser cladding on a tool bottom plate with a heat exchange channel, pressing a pressing plate on the thin plate, and clamping the thin plate;
conveying powder for cladding to a powder nozzle of a laser cladding head through a heat exchange channel embedded in the tool bottom plate;
and performing laser cladding operation, wherein heat generated by laser exchanges heat with powder-carrying gas and cladding powder flowing in the heat exchange channel through the tool bottom plate.
The powder carrying gas flowing in the heat exchange channel is argon, nitrogen and/or helium, and the flow rate of the powder carrying gas is controlled to be 3-10L/min.
The powder nozzle of the laser cladding head adopts lateral powder feeding or coaxial powder feeding, namely the axis of a powder flow coincides with the axis of a laser beam.
Wherein, in the laser cladding process, the laser beam is continuous laser or pulse laser.
Wherein the powder for cladding comprises metal powder, alloy powder and/or non-metal powder, and the diameter distribution of the powder is 2-100 mu m.
As another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a tooling bottom plate, wherein,
the tool bottom plate is provided with a heat exchange channel, and the heat exchange channel is formed by drilling the tool bottom plate as a whole or is formed by assembling after being separately machined.
Wherein the heat exchange channel is a straight channel or an arbitrary curved channel.
Wherein the heat exchange passage is a heat exchange passage or a plurality of heat exchange passages.
Copper pipes, aluminum pipes or carbon fiber pipes with excellent heat conductivity are assembled in the heat exchange channels, and the pipes are arranged in the heat exchange channels in an interference fit mode or are bonded in the heat exchange channels through brazing flux.
As still another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a tooling device, including:
the laser cladding head is used for emitting laser to melt cladding powder applied to a thin plate to be subjected to laser cladding to form a coating;
the pressing plate and the tooling bottom plate are used for clamping a thin plate to be subjected to laser cladding;
the tool bottom plate is the tool bottom plate, and the cladding powder is conveyed to the powder nozzle of the laser cladding head through a heat exchange channel embedded in the tool bottom plate.
Based on the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the tooling device and the cladding method have at least one of the following beneficial effects:
(1) the laser cladding tool device comprises a heat exchange channel, and the atmosphere gas metal powder exchanges heat with the tool bottom plate, so that the tool bottom plate is cooled, the heat accumulation in the laser cladding process of the thin plate is reduced, and the thermal deformation is reduced.
(2) By adopting the method, the metal powder is heated in the heat exchange channel, the laser cladding power can be reduced, and the heat accumulation and the thermal deformation in the laser cladding process of the sheet are further reduced while the energy is saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a laser cladding tooling device and laser cladding of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an integrated tooling bottom plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the complete laser cladding tooling device of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the split type tooling bottom plate of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
The invention discloses a tool device for laser cladding of a thin plate and a cladding method. And placing the thin plate to be laser-clad on the tool bottom plate, pressing the pressing plate on the thin plate, and connecting the pressing plate with the tool bottom plate through bolts to clamp the thin plate. The laser cladding process comprises the following steps: and the powder is sent out by a powder feeder, is connected to an inlet of the tooling bottom plate by a powder feeding pipe, and is connected to a powder nozzle of the laser cladding head at an outlet by the powder feeding pipe. In the laser cladding process, laser acts on the powder and the thin plate substrate to form a cladding layer. The temperature of the thin plate rises, heat is transferred to the tool bottom plate, powder-carrying gas and powder in the heat exchange channel on the tool bottom plate flow rapidly to exchange heat with the tool bottom plate, and the tool bottom plate is cooled, so that the heat accumulation in the thin plate cladding process is reduced, and the deformation is reduced. In addition, the temperature of the powder flow rises after passing through the heat exchange channel, which is equivalent to preheating the powder, and the heat required for melting the powder is reduced, so that the laser power output can be reduced, and the thermal deformation of the thin plate can be improved. The invention realizes the recycling of energy in the laser cladding process.
According to one aspect of the disclosure, a cladding method for a sheet laser cladding tool device is provided, which includes:
designing and manufacturing a tool bottom plate with a heat exchange channel, wherein the tool bottom plate can be a part for processing the heat exchange channel by drilling, or assembling after separately processing the heat exchange channel;
the laser cladding process includes, as shown in fig. 1: and metal powder is sent out by a powder feeder 10, is connected to an inlet of a heat exchange channel 5 of the tooling bottom plate through a powder feeding pipe 9, and is connected to a powder nozzle 2 of the laser cladding head at an outlet of the heat exchange channel 5 through a powder feeding pipe 1. In the laser cladding process, a laser beam 3 acts on the powder and the thin plate substrate 6 to form a cladding layer 7. The temperature of the thin plate 6 rises, heat is transferred to the tool bottom plate 4, powder-carrying gas and metal powder in the heat exchange channel 5 on the tool bottom plate 4 flow rapidly to exchange heat with the tool bottom plate 4, the tool bottom plate 5 is cooled, heat accumulation of the thin plate 6 in the cladding process is reduced, and thermal deformation is reduced. The temperature of the powder flow rises after passing through the heat exchange channel 5, which is equivalent to preheating the powder, and the heat required for melting the powder is reduced, so that the laser power output can be reduced, and the thermal deformation of the thin plate can be improved.
The tool bottom plate is provided with a heat exchange channel, and the heat exchange channel can be a linear channel, an arbitrary curve channel, a heat exchange channel or a plurality of heat exchange channels. The heat exchange channel can be machined on one part by a drilling method or can be machined in a split mode, a part of the heat exchange channel is machined on each part, and then all the parts are assembled to form the heat exchange channel.
In the laser cladding process, proper laser power is set, and the laser can be a continuous laser or a pulse laser.
And adjusting the flow of powder carrying gas of the powder feeder, wherein the powder carrying gas is argon, nitrogen, helium or a mixed gas of the argon, the nitrogen and the helium, the flow of the gas is controlled to be 3-10L/min, and the metal powder flows out of the powder feeder under the action of the powder carrying gas flow, enters a heat exchange channel in the tool base through a powder feeding pipe and then reaches the powder nozzle through the powder feeding pipe.
The powder nozzle of the laser cladding head can adopt lateral powder feeding and coaxial powder feeding, namely the axis of the powder flow is superposed with the axis of the laser beam.
Example 1
The invention discloses a cladding method for laser cladding of a thin plate, which comprises the following steps:
the tooling bottom plate with the heat exchange channel is designed and manufactured, and the heat exchange channel is machined by drilling one part of the tooling bottom plate as shown in figure 2. And metal powder is sent out by a powder feeder, is connected to an inlet 11 of a heat exchange channel of the tooling bottom plate through a powder feeding pipe, and is connected to a powder nozzle of the laser cladding head at an outlet 12 of the heat exchange channel through the powder feeding pipe. An auxiliary hole 14 is formed in the tool bottom plate to connect with the inlet 11 and the outlet 12, and the auxiliary hole 14 is blocked, so that a heat exchange channel can be formed in the tool bottom plate. And a threaded hole 13 is processed on the tool bottom plate and is used for being connected with the pressing plate through a bolt to clamp the thin plate.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the complete tooling device, a thin plate 34 is placed on a tooling bottom plate 31, two pressing plates 33 are pressed on the thin plate 34, the pressing plates 33 are fixed with threaded holes of the tooling bottom plate 31 through bolts 37 to clamp the thin plate 34, and auxiliary holes 32 on the tooling bottom plate 31 are sealed after being processed to realize a heat exchange channel. The powder carrying gas and the metal powder sent by the powder feeder are connected to an inlet 35 of the tool bottom plate 31 through a powder feeding pipe, and the powder carrying gas and the metal powder flow through a heat exchange channel, exchange heat with the tool bottom plate, flow out from an outlet 36 of the tool bottom plate 31 and are connected to a powder feeding nozzle through the powder feeding pipe.
And setting the appropriate laser power, wherein the laser can be a continuous laser or a pulse laser.
And adjusting the flow of powder carrying gas of the powder feeder, wherein the powder carrying gas is argon, nitrogen, helium or a mixed gas of the argon, the nitrogen and the helium, the flow of the gas is controlled to be 3-10L/min, and the metal powder flows out of the powder feeder under the action of the powder carrying gas flow, enters a heat exchange channel in the tool base through a powder feeding pipe and then reaches the powder nozzle through the powder feeding pipe.
The powder nozzle of the laser cladding head can adopt lateral powder feeding and coaxial powder feeding, namely the axis of the powder flow is superposed with the axis of the laser beam.
Example 2
The invention discloses a cladding method for a sheet laser cladding tool device, which comprises the following steps:
the tooling bottom plate with the heat exchange channel is designed and manufactured, as shown in fig. 4, a curved flow channel is respectively processed on two part bottom plates 42 and a cover plate 43, and then the two parts are assembled and connected through bolts 44 to form the heat exchange channel. And metal powder is sent out by a powder feeder, is connected to an inlet 41 of a heat exchange channel of the tool bottom plate through a powder feeding pipe, and is connected to a powder nozzle of the laser cladding head at an outlet 45 of the heat exchange channel through the powder feeding pipe.
And (5) placing the thin plate on a tool bottom plate, and pressing the thin plate by using a pressing plate. The laser power and the powder carrying gas flow are regulated, and the laser can be a continuous laser or a pulse laser. The powder carrying gas is argon, nitrogen, helium or a mixed gas of the argon, the nitrogen and the helium, the gas flow is controlled to be 3-10L/min, and the metal powder flows out of the powder feeder under the action of the powder carrying gas flow, enters a heat exchange channel in the tool base through the powder feeding pipe and then reaches the powder nozzle through the powder feeding pipe.
So far, the embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. From the above description, those skilled in the art should clearly understand that the tooling device and the cladding method for laser cladding of thin plates in the present disclosure are applicable.
It is to be noted that, in the attached drawings or in the description, the implementation modes not shown or described are all the modes known by the ordinary skilled person in the field of technology, and are not described in detail. Further, the above definitions of the various elements and methods are not limited to the various specific structures, shapes or arrangements of parts mentioned in the examples, which may be easily modified or substituted by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Of course, the method of the present disclosure may also include other steps according to actual needs, which are not described herein again since they are not related to the innovations of the present disclosure.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present disclosure in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present disclosure should be included in the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A cladding method for laser cladding of a thin plate is characterized by comprising the following steps:
placing a thin plate to be subjected to laser cladding on a tool bottom plate with a heat exchange channel, pressing a pressing plate on the thin plate, and clamping the thin plate;
conveying powder for cladding to a powder nozzle of a laser cladding head through a heat exchange channel embedded in the tool bottom plate;
and performing laser cladding operation, wherein heat generated by laser exchanges heat with powder-carrying gas and cladding powder flowing in the heat exchange channel through the tool bottom plate.
2. Cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the powder carrying gas flowing in the heat exchanging channel is argon, nitrogen and/or helium, and the flow rate of the powder carrying gas is controlled at 3-10L/min.
3. Cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the powder nozzle of the laser cladding head uses lateral powder feeding or coaxial powder feeding, i.e. the axis of the powder flow coincides with the axis of the laser beam.
4. Cladding method according to claim 1, wherein during laser cladding the laser beam is a continuous laser or a pulsed laser.
5. Cladding method according to claim 1, wherein the cladding powder comprises metal powder, alloy powder and/or non-metal powder, and the powder diameter distribution is 2-100 μm.
6. The tooling bottom plate is characterized in that a heat exchange channel is arranged on the tooling bottom plate, and the heat exchange channel is formed by drilling the tooling bottom plate as a whole or is obtained by assembling after being separately machined.
7. The tooling bottom plate of claim 6, wherein the heat exchange channel is a linear channel or an arbitrary curved channel.
8. The tooling bottom plate of claim 6, wherein the heat exchange channel is a heat exchange channel or a plurality of heat exchange channels.
9. The tool bottom plate according to claim 6, wherein a copper pipe, an aluminum pipe or a carbon fiber pipe with excellent heat conductivity is assembled in the heat exchange channel, and the copper pipe, the aluminum pipe or the carbon fiber pipe is arranged in the heat exchange channel in an interference fit manner or is bonded in the heat exchange channel through a brazing flux.
10. The utility model provides a laser cladding tool equipment, includes:
the laser cladding head is used for emitting laser to melt cladding powder applied to a thin plate to be subjected to laser cladding to form a coating;
the pressing plate and the tooling bottom plate are used for clamping a thin plate to be subjected to laser cladding;
the tool bottom plate is the tool bottom plate according to any one of claims 6 to 9, and powder for cladding is conveyed to a powder nozzle of the laser cladding head through a heat exchange channel embedded in the tool bottom plate.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910369694.9A CN111893480B (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Tool bottom plate for laser cladding of thin plate, tool device and cladding method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910369694.9A CN111893480B (en) | 2019-05-05 | 2019-05-05 | Tool bottom plate for laser cladding of thin plate, tool device and cladding method |
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| CN111893480A true CN111893480A (en) | 2020-11-06 |
| CN111893480B CN111893480B (en) | 2022-07-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111455374A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-28 | 燕山大学 | Laser cladding preparation system of high-quality steel base composite copper sleeve |
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| US5844192A (en) * | 1996-05-09 | 1998-12-01 | United Technologies Corporation | Thermal spray coating method and apparatus |
| US20050045607A1 (en) * | 2003-09-02 | 2005-03-03 | Lsp Technologies, Inc. | Laser peening process and apparatus using a liquid erosion-resistant opaque overlay coating |
| CN102453909A (en) * | 2010-11-02 | 2012-05-16 | 沈阳大陆激光技术有限公司 | Method for manufacturing bimetallic composite board |
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| CN111455374A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-28 | 燕山大学 | Laser cladding preparation system of high-quality steel base composite copper sleeve |
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