Three-freedom-degree linkage winding spindle winder
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fiber winding machines, in particular to a winding machine with three degrees of freedom linked to wind a spindle.
Background
The high-performance carbon fiber is light in weight, has excellent performances of high strength, high modulus, high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, scouring resistance, sputtering resistance and the like, also has good designability and compositability, and is an indispensable strategic emerging material for building equipment such as rockets, satellites, missiles, fighters, ships and the like; the density of the high-performance carbon fiber is less than 1/4 of steel, but the strength of the high-performance carbon fiber is 5-7 times of that of the steel; compared with an aluminum alloy structural member, the structural member made of the carbon fiber composite material can be reduced by 20-40% in weight; compared with a steel metal structure, the weight of the structure made of the carbon fiber composite material can be reduced by 60-80%.
With the progress of technology, the application of carbon fiber in the civil field is wider and wider, in order to meet the demands of the civil market and the demands of reducing production cost, the carbon fiber in the civil field is developed towards a wide filament direction, and the carbon fiber with 48K or above is the current key development direction. The carbon fiber has the characteristics of softness and brittleness, the 48K yarn is composed of 48000 fine fibers, although the 48K yarn has extremely strong breaking force in the length direction, the 48K yarn is extremely fragile in the transverse direction, any fine external force can damage the 48K yarn, the external force interference in the transverse direction of the fiber needs to be strictly controlled in the production process, and in addition, the consistency of the forming width of the tows greatly influences the subsequent process. The winding machine used as the last process of the carbon fiber production line is responsible for winding the carbon fibers into a cylindrical spindle for processing the rear-section composite material, and the quality of the winding and forming of the spindle directly influences the quality of the rear-section composite material, so that the winding link requires no damage to the carbon fibers, consistent width and complete forming of the spindle.
The winding machine in the prior art has no change for different fibers, but has two basic functional parts, namely a reciprocating yarn guide mechanism and a spindle winding mechanism, which are independently controlled modules regardless of a mechanical gear structure or an electronic structure. As shown in fig. 4, the traverse guide mechanism reciprocates in accordance with the winding ratio to guide the fibers (filament bundles) to be arranged on the bobbin of the spindle shaft. The spindle winding mechanism winds the fiber onto the bobbin of the spindle according to the production line operating speed. When the spindle is wound, the yarn guide in the reciprocating yarn guide mechanism transversely reciprocates to drive the fibers to be uniformly wound on the bobbin of the spindle, and the fibers are transversely driven by the yarn guide to form a winding angle alpha and are wound on the bobbin. Reciprocating yarn guide mechanism drives the fibre and is horizontal reciprocating motion, applys a horizontal power all the time to the fibre, and the fibre is influenced to soft fibre easily, also can influence fibrous width, when coiling fibre, receives the influence of coiling angle and tension, and the fibre can produce certain lateral displacement on the spool surface, and this lateral displacement can produce "the silk of rubbing" for the fibre fluff (hinder the silk) and make the fibre narrow, influence fibre quality and silk width. This phenomenon is increasingly apparent for fibers at 48K and above. In addition, when the fiber reciprocates, the fiber swings in a reciprocating manner at the position of the fiber feeding wheel, so that the fiber is easy to generate 'edge rubbing' at the position of the fiber feeding wheel, and the quality of the fiber is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to: the winder with the three-degree-of-freedom linkage winding spindle shaft enables fibers to be naturally wound on a spindle and not to be rubbed and damaged under the action of other transverse pulling forces, and meanwhile, the width of the fibers can be controlled, and the quality of the fibers is guaranteed.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a winder for winding spindles in three-degree-of-freedom linkage comprises a winding device for winding fibers, a reciprocating yarn guide device for driving the winding device to reciprocate, and a winding angle swinging device for driving the reciprocating yarn guide device to swing back and forth; the winding device is fixedly connected to a sliding block of the reciprocating yarn guide device through a support frame, the reciprocating yarn guide device is fixedly connected to a swing table of the winding angle swing device, and the fiber is guided by the yarn guide device to be wound on a spindle of a winding spindle shaft of the winding device; the winding device, the reciprocating yarn guide device and the winding angle swing device are controlled by the control device and three-degree-of-freedom linkage of the winding spindle is realized.
Furthermore, the winding device comprises an asynchronous motor, a winding spindle is connected to an output shaft of the asynchronous motor, a roller is sleeved on the winding spindle, a spindle is fixedly sleeved on the winding spindle, and an encoder is further mounted on the asynchronous motor.
Further, the support frame includes the bottom plate, and one side of bottom plate is equipped with first curb plate, and the opposite side of bottom plate is equipped with the second curb plate, and first curb plate fixed connection is on the cylinder, and the second curb plate passes through the screw connection on asynchronous machine, has seted up the through-hole on the second curb plate, and asynchronous machine's output shaft passes the through-hole and is connected with the coiling spindle, and bottom plate fixed connection is on the slider.
Further, the reciprocating yarn guiding device comprises a first servo motor, a ball screw is connected to an output shaft of the first servo motor, a sliding block is fixedly connected to a nut of the ball screw, sliding rails are arranged on two sides of the ball screw, and the sliding block is located on the sliding rails.
Further, slide rail and the equal fixed connection of first servo motor are on putting the platform.
Furthermore, the winding angle swinging device comprises a speed reducer and a second servo motor, an output shaft of the second servo motor is connected with an input shaft of the speed reducer, and the swing table is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer.
Further, the speed reducer is a worm gear speed reducer.
Furthermore, one end of the sliding rail, which is close to the first servo motor, is provided with a starting signal sensor, and the other end of the sliding rail is provided with an end signal sensor.
Further, the wire guiding device comprises a wire guiding wheel, and the control device comprises a controller.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
the winding device, the reciprocating yarn guide device and the winding angle swinging device are controlled by the control device, and three-degree-of-freedom linkage of the winding spindle is realized, so that the winding spindle has the functions of winding, reciprocating motion and swinging, the winding spindle can automatically wind and simultaneously reciprocate and can swing to a winding angle required by fibers, the fibers can flatly enter and wind on a spindle under the action of forward winding tension in a completely natural state, the pulling and the interference of any other external force are avoided, the yarn rubbing and the yarn damage can be effectively avoided, the fibers can be ensured to wind according to the winding ratio, the width of the fibers can be controlled, and the quality of the fibers is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the construction of the winding spindle of the present invention in swing winding.
Fig. 3 is an exploded schematic view of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a winding process of a winder in the related art.
Wherein: the device comprises an asynchronous motor 1, a winding spindle 2, a roller 3, a spindle 4, a support frame 5, a first servo motor 6, a ball screw 7, a sliding block 8, a sliding rail 9, a swing table 10, a speed reducer 11, a second servo motor 12, a starting signal sensor 13, an end point signal sensor 14, a yarn leading wheel 15, a fiber 16, a controller 17, a yarn bundle 18, a yarn feeding wheel 19, a yarn guide 20, a spindle 21 and a bobbin 22.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
For convenience of understanding, the length direction of the slide rail is defined as the X-axis direction, the width direction of the slide rail is defined as the Y-axis direction, and the direction perpendicular to the slide rail is defined as the Z-axis direction.
As shown in fig. 1, a winder for winding a spindle shaft with three degrees of freedom in linkage comprises a winding device for winding fibers, a reciprocating yarn guide device for driving the winding device to reciprocate, and a winding angle swinging device for driving the reciprocating yarn guide device to swing back and forth; the winding device is fixedly connected to a sliding block of the reciprocating yarn guide device through a support frame, the reciprocating yarn guide device is fixedly connected to a swing table of the winding angle swing device, and the fiber is guided by the yarn guide device to be wound on a spindle of a winding spindle shaft of the winding device; the winding device, the reciprocating yarn guide device and the winding angle swinging device are controlled by the control device and realize three-degree-of-freedom linkage of the winding spindle; the wire guiding device comprises a wire guiding wheel, and the control device comprises a controller.
As shown in fig. 1, the winding device includes an asynchronous motor, a winding spindle is connected to an output shaft of the asynchronous motor, a drum is sleeved on the winding spindle, and a spindle is also fixedly sleeved on the winding spindle; the support frame includes the bottom plate, and one side of bottom plate is equipped with first curb plate, and the opposite side of bottom plate is equipped with the second curb plate, and first curb plate fixed connection is on the cylinder, and the second curb plate passes through the screw connection on asynchronous machine, has seted up the through-hole on the second curb plate, and asynchronous machine's output shaft passes the through-hole and is connected with the coiling spindle, and bottom plate fixed connection still installs the encoder on the asynchronous machine on the slider. The asynchronous motor drives the winding spindle to rotate, so as to drive the spindle on the winding spindle to rotate, namely, the spindle is driven to rotate around the X axis. Under the drive of a frequency converter in the controller, the asynchronous motor is started to drive the winding spindle shaft to rotate, so that the spindle is driven to rotate, fibers introduced by the filament guide wheel are wound on the spindle at a constant speed, an encoder on the asynchronous motor and an output shaft of the asynchronous motor rotate synchronously, the encoder can record rotating circle number signals of the spindle, and the controller can record rotating circle numbers of the spindle by collecting output signals of the encoder.
As shown in fig. 1, the reciprocating yarn guiding device comprises a sliding block and a first servo motor, a ball screw is connected to an output shaft of the first servo motor, the sliding block is fixedly connected to a nut of the ball screw, sliding rails are arranged on two sides of the ball screw, the sliding block is located on the sliding rails, and the sliding rails and the first servo motor are fixedly connected to a swing table. Ball belongs to prior art, and first servo motor drive ball's screw rod rotates, and ball's nut moves on the screw rod, drives the slider and removes on the slide rail, drives the slider promptly and removes along X axle direction. The slide rail is close to the one end (right-hand member) of first servo motor and is provided with the initial signal inductor, initial signal inductor department is the initial point of slider motion, the other end (left end) of slide rail is provided with the terminal signal inductor, terminal signal inductor department is the terminal reversal point of slider motion, initial signal inductor and terminal signal inductor can produce electronic signal or optical signal, in this embodiment, initial signal inductor is originated proximity switch, the terminal signal inductor is the terminal proximity switch, originated proximity switch and terminal proximity switch homoenergetic produce the sensing signal, and pass the signal on the controller.
The support frame is made of metal, when the support frame moves to the position of the end point proximity switch, the end point proximity switch can generate an induction signal and transmit the induction signal to the controller, and the controller can send an instruction signal to the first servo motor to control the first servo motor to rotate in the reverse direction, so that the sliding block moves in the reverse direction, namely moves towards the direction of the initial proximity switch; when the support frame moves to the position of the initial proximity switch, the initial proximity switch generates a sensing signal and transmits the sensing signal to the controller, the controller sends an instruction signal to the first servo motor to control the first servo motor to rotate in the forward direction, so that the sliding block moves in the forward direction, namely, moves towards the direction of the terminal proximity switch, the sliding block reciprocates on the sliding rail for multiple times to drive the support frame to reciprocate, namely, the winding device to reciprocate, fibers are wound on a spindle, and the reciprocating length of the winding device is set according to the required winding length of the spindle.
Or the second servo motor can be controlled to rotate without signals of the starting proximity switch and the end proximity switch, the pulse number required for completing one lead (the length from the starting point to the end point of the winding device) is determined according to the pulse number output by each rotation of the first servo motor and the screw pitch of each rotation of the first servo motor, the controller controls the first servo motor to rotate to complete one lead pulse number from the starting point, the support frame is controlled to rotate reversely after reaching the end point, the first servo motor is controlled to complete one lead pulse number again, the support frame returns to the starting point, the reciprocating motion is carried out, and the reciprocating motion length of the winding device is set according to the required winding length of the spindle.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the winding angle oscillating device includes a swing platform, a speed reducer and a second servo motor, an output shaft of the second servo motor is connected to an input shaft of the speed reducer, the swing platform is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the speed reducer, and the second servo motor drives the swing platform to rotate around a central axis of the output shaft of the speed reducer, that is, the swing platform is driven to swing around a Z axis. In the present embodiment, the speed reducer is a worm gear speed reducer. According to the reduction ratio of the worm gear reducer, the controller controls the second servo motor to rotate corresponding pulse number, the swing table is controlled to rotate clockwise to the inner side by a certain angle, namely, the spindle is controlled to swing inwards by a certain angle, then the second servo motor is controlled to rotate reversely, the swing table is controlled to rotate anticlockwise to the outer side by a certain angle, namely, the spindle is controlled to swing outwards by a certain angle.
The asynchronous motor, the first servo motor and the second servo motor are all controlled by a controller, and the controller controls the rotating speed of the first servo motor according to a set winding ratio by collecting the rotating speed of the asynchronous motor, so that the fibers are wound on a spindle according to the rule of the winding ratio. The winding ratio refers to the number of winding turns of the spindle when the reciprocating yarn guide device reciprocates once, namely the number of winding turns of the spindle when the sliding block drives the winding device to reciprocate once. And the winding of the fiber on the spindle is reciprocating, the fiber is wound from one end of the spindle to the other end of the spindle and from the other end of the spindle to one end of the spindle, and the winding angles of the fiber in the two winding directions are opposite. The winding angle is an acute angle between a tangential direction of the fiber and a circumferential speed direction of a certain point on the surface of the spindle when the fiber is wound on the spindle surface, and an angle α in fig. 2 and 3 is a winding angle. Under the condition that the winding ratio is fixed, the winding angle alpha of the spindle linearly decreases along with the increase of the winding diameter of the spindle, the swing angle beta of the spindle gradually decreases along with the increase of the winding diameter of the spindle, the swing angle beta of the spindle is equal to the winding angle alpha of the spindle, namely alpha is equal to beta, and the swing angle beta of the spindle changes along with the change of the winding angle alpha. The controller can calculate real-time winding diameter (spindle winding diameter) through the output pulse number and real-time synchronous speed of the encoder of the asynchronous motor, can calculate winding angles alpha under different winding diameters according to a set winding ratio, and can send an instruction signal to the second servo motor to control the spindle to swing by the angle beta required by the spindle according to the winding diameters.
Before winding, the slide block is positioned at the position of a starting proximity switch, the fiber is positioned at the starting end of a spindle, in the embodiment, the left end of the spindle, the controller controls the winding device, the reciprocating yarn guide device and the winding angle swinging device to start, the spindle rotates, when the fiber starts to be wound, the support frame is positioned at the position of the starting proximity switch, the starting proximity switch transmits the signal to the controller, the controller sends an instruction signal to the first servo motor after receiving the signal, the first servo motor rotates forwards to enable the slide block to move towards the left side to drive the spindle to move towards the left side, the fiber is wound towards the right side, meanwhile, after the controller receives the signal sent by the starting proximity switch, the controller sends an instruction signal to the second servo motor to control the second servo motor to rotate corresponding pulse number, the swing platform rotates clockwise to a certain angle towards the inner side, namely the spindle swings to a certain angle towards the inner side, winding the fiber on a spindle according to a certain winding angle; when the fiber is wound at the tail end (right end) of the spindle and needs to be reversed, at the moment, the support frame moves to the position of the end point proximity switch, the end point proximity switch can transmit the signal to the controller, the controller sends an instruction signal to the first servo motor after receiving the signal, the first servo motor rotates in the reverse direction, the sliding block moves towards the right side to drive the spindle to move towards the right side, and the fiber is wound towards the left side. And the process is sequentially repeated, so that the fiber is straightly wound on a spindle with a certain winding angle.
Generally speaking, the winding device, the reciprocating yarn guide device and the winding angle swing device are controlled by the control device, three-degree-of-freedom linkage of the winding spindle is realized, the winding spindle has the functions of winding, reciprocating motion and swinging, the winding spindle can automatically wind and simultaneously reciprocate and can swing to a winding angle required by fibers, the fibers can flatly enter and wind on a spindle under the action of forward winding tension in a completely natural state, pulling and interference of other external forces are avoided, the yarn rubbing and yarn damage can be effectively avoided, the fibers can be ensured to wind according to the rule of the winding ratio, the width of the fibers can be controlled, and the quality of the fibers is ensured.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.