Precise staggered winding machine
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high-performance fibers, in particular to a precise staggered winding machine which does not damage filaments, does not turn and twist tows, and keeps uniform tow width to wind the tows into spindles.
Background
Spindles are the essential equipment for almost all fibers, and the spindles are formed by a winding machine, and in the field of chemical fibers, two types of winding technologies are mainly adopted: one is a high-speed chemical fiber winding machine, the speed is usually 1000-7000 m/min, and random winding technology is adopted in the type; the other is the production of the whole pair of low-speed chemical fibers, the speed is usually 1-1000 m/min, the chemical fibers are usually high-performance fibers, the main characteristics are various specialities such as higher mechanical property of tows, larger fineness, smoothness or brittleness and the like, and the fibers need to adopt a precise staggered winding technology.
The precise staggered winding technology means that the arrangement of fibers in a spindle is completed through a reciprocating screw rod, the groove of the reciprocating screw rod is fixed, and therefore the moving track of a linear reciprocating yarn guide nozzle driven by the reciprocating screw rod is determined. The inflection points of the fibers at two ends of the spindle are staggered in reaction on the spindle, so that repeated inflection points cannot occur, and unevenness and instability of the spindle caused by overlapping of the inflection points can be avoided. Meanwhile, the winder transmits signals to the spindle shaft and the reciprocating motor through monitoring the tension of the tows in real time, adjusts the speed according to the tension, realizes constant tension control, ensures that the tension of the fibers in the spindle is uniform, and can keep constant tension after unreeling, thereby being very helpful for subsequent complex processes of a plurality of high-performance fibers.
At present, all high-performance fibers such as carbon fibers, aramid fibers, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fibers, polyimide fibers and silicon carbide fibers are internationally formed into spindles by the medium-low speed closely-staggered winding machine.
Most high performance fibers are tows made of microfibers, which are usually in the shape of flat tapes, and because of the flat tapes made of microfibers, the flat tapes are unstable and vary in width, even in turn and twist, due to various minor factors. These width variations, flipping and twisting, directly affect the quality of the subsequent processing of the fibers. Such as carbon fiber prepregs, require uniform width carbon fibers and if there are carbon fiber tows in the prepreg that are turned and twisted, the prepreg becomes a waste product. For example, in the filament spreading process of carbon fiber and aramid fiber tows, if the width of the fiber is not uniform, the fiber is turned and twisted, so that the quality of the process is directly low, and even the process cannot be implemented at all. For many high performance fiber weaving processes, if the tow width is not uniform, it is not possible to obtain a high quality fabric. Therefore, for a plurality of high-performance fibers, the uniform filament width is kept, and the filament bundle is not turned over or twisted, so that the basic requirements of a precise staggered winding machine for forming spindles are met.
Referring to fig. 1, a conventional precision cross winding machine includes a base frame, a yarn guide device mounted on the base frame, a driving motor mounted on the base frame, a screw, a yarn guide nozzle, a spindle motor mounted on the base frame, and a spindle. The driving motor drives the screw to rotate, the rotating screw drives the yarn guide nozzle to do linear reciprocating motion, the spindle motor drives the spindle to rotate, and the tows are wound on the spindle after passing through the yarn guide device. The yarn guiding nozzle (or the roller and the wheel) is driven by the screw rod to reciprocate and move far, so that the yarn bundle is wound on the bobbin and is arranged in a reciprocating manner, and the linear reciprocating motion of the yarn guiding nozzle can drive the yarn bundle to do linear reciprocating motion.
The existing precise staggered winding machine is provided with a great amount of technical improvements in order to ensure the uniform thread width, no turning and no twisting of the tow band, wherein the most important thing is to innovate the whole thread channel of the tow band from entering the winding machine to entering the spindle. The filament surface is overturned mainly through a plurality of groups of finger wheels, and the reciprocating finger wheels clamp the filament bundle surface in parallel, so that the filament bundle is changed in the reciprocating motion process, the filament bundle surface is relieved, however, the filament bundle surface needs to enter a spindle in a mode of being parallel to the spindle surface, the filament bundle needs to be overturned again in a narrow reciprocating guide device, and the filament bundle is overturned for a plurality of times in a narrow space, which can cause the width change of the filament bundle, even the overturning and twisting, so that the high-performance fibers processed by dozens of devices on a thousand-meter production line are damaged or scrapped in the last winding process of a winding machine, and the loss is very disastrous for high-performance fiber enterprises. The reciprocating motion of the filament bundle is that the filament guiding nozzle (or the roller and the wheel) is driven by the reciprocating screw to reciprocate and move far, so that the filament bundle is wound and simultaneously completes the reciprocating motion, the reciprocating motion not only makes the original shape of the filament bundle difficult to maintain, but also greatly changes the tension of the filament bundle, especially the far strokes to two ends of a spindle, so that the tension of the filament bundle is changed sharply, and the change of the tension, the change of the direction of the filament bundle through the finger wheel for many times, the change of the filament width, even the overturn and the twisting are inevitable. Therefore, it has become a difficult problem in the international industry how to make high-performance fibers passing through multiple processes to exhibit the original quality before the process in the final process of winding the fibers into a spindle.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention aims to: provides a precise staggered winding machine which can produce high-quality spindle with uniform filament width, balanced tension and no filament damage.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a precise staggered winding machine comprises a yarn guide device for guiding tows, a rotator, a reciprocating mover arranged on the rotator, a converter for realizing the mutual conversion of rotary motion and linear motion, and a bobbin for winding the tows; the bobbin is sleeved outside the reciprocating mover and moves along with the reciprocating mover, the rotating end of the converter is fixedly installed, the moving end of the converter is connected to the reciprocating mover, and the filament bundles are wound on the bobbin after passing through the filament guide device.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the converter comprises a slider and a fixedly installed screw rod, one end of the slider is inserted into a sliding groove of the screw rod, and the other end of the slider is connected to the reciprocating mover.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the converter is a ball screw, a screw rod of the ball screw is fixedly arranged, and a nut of the ball screw is connected to the reciprocating mover.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the winder also comprises a tensioning sleeve, the tensioning sleeve is sleeved on the outer surface of the reciprocating mover, and the bobbin is sleeved on the outer surface of the tensioning sleeve.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the reciprocating mover comprises a head part, a tail part, a connecting rod for connecting the head part and the tail part; the gyrator is a rotating rod which does rotary motion, the rotating rod penetrates through the head part and the tail part, and the head part and the tail part are both installed together with the rotating rod through a bearing.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the dwang has many, and many dwangs are along circumferencial direction evenly distributed, and head and afterbody are all run through to all dwangs.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the tail part is provided with a hollow area, the screw rod is inserted into the hollow area of the tail part, one end of the slider is inserted into the sliding groove of the screw rod, and the other end of the slider is inserted into the tail part.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the winder still includes fixed block and the suit of fixed mounting at the outside flexible protective sheath of screw rod, and the one end of flexible protective sheath is connected on the afterbody, and the other end of flexible protective sheath is connected on the fixed block.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the winding machine further comprises a motor and a gear transmission mechanism, wherein the output end of the motor is connected to the gear transmission mechanism, and the output end of the gear transmission mechanism is connected with the rotating rod.
Further, the method comprises the following steps: the yarn guiding device comprises a frame, a yarn guiding wheel fixed on the frame, and a yarn pressing roller rotatably mounted on the frame; the filament pressing roller presses the filament bundle wound on the bobbin, and the filament bundle is wound on the bobbin after passing around the filament guiding wheel and the filament pressing roller.
In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:
the winder is simple in structure and low in cost, the spindle can realize rotation and linear reciprocating motion, compared with a traditional precise staggered winder, the structure is greatly simplified, and the corresponding cost is greatly reduced. The position of the tows entering the spindle is fixed, the quality and the shape of the tows in the front-stage process are completely kept, and the spindle with high quality is produced; because the transverse reciprocating load is not applied to the tows, the tension of the tows is more stable, and the spindle forming quality is higher; the combined movement of rotation and screw maintains the advantages of the conventional precision cross-wound stable spindle.
The invention can meet the requirements of high-quality spindle with uniform yarn width, balanced tension and no yarn damage required by the industry, and simultaneously greatly reduces the investment cost and the use cost of the winding process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a prior art winder.
Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the winder of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the winding machine of the present invention, and fig. 3 is vertically disposed for convenience of view.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the components of the winder of the present invention, with fig. 4 being vertically disposed for ease of viewing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
To facilitate a uniform view of the various reference numbers within the drawings, reference numbers appearing in the drawings are now described collectively as follows:
reference to prior art winder in fig. 1: 101 spindle motor, 102 driving motor, 103 thread guiding device, 104 screw, 105 spindle, 106 thread guiding nozzle, 107 base frame.
Marking of the winder of the invention:
frame 201, godet 202, yarn roller 203, and yarn 204 are not wound into the yarn bundle on the bobbin.
The machine comprises a motor 301, a gear transmission mechanism 302, a head of a reciprocating mover 303, a yarn bundle 304, a yarn bobbin 305, a tensioning sleeve 306, a gyrator 307 (specifically a rotating rod), a tail of a reciprocating mover 308, a slider 309, a linear bearing 310, a screw 311, a telescopic protective sleeve 312 and a fixing block 313.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 4, a precise interleaving winder comprises a yarn guide device for guiding a yarn bundle, a rotator, a reciprocating mover arranged on the rotator, a converter for realizing mutual conversion of rotary motion and linear motion, and a bobbin for winding the yarn bundle. The filament bundle is passed around the components inside the filament guiding device, which can guide the running path of the filament bundle. The gyrator drives the reciprocating mover to rotate, and the tows are wound and distributed on the yarn tubes and need to have a rotating motion and a linear reciprocating motion (reciprocating distribution). The bobbin is sleeved outside the reciprocating mover and moves along with the reciprocating mover, the bobbin and the reciprocating mover are in a relatively fixed relation, the reciprocating mover is located or penetrates through the bobbin, and the bobbin is driven to do rotary motion and linear reciprocating motion by the rotary motion and the linear reciprocating motion of the reciprocating mover. The reciprocating mover and the rotator are movably mounted, and the reciprocating mover can do linear reciprocating motion relative to the rotator. The rotating end of the converter is fixedly installed, the moving end of the converter is connected to the reciprocating mover, and the filament bundles are wound on the bobbin after passing through the filament guiding device. The working principle of the winding machine is as follows: the rotary motion of gyrator drives reciprocating mover and is rotary motion, reciprocating mover's rotary motion drives the spool and is rotary motion and drives the removal end of converter simultaneously and be rotary motion, because the gyration end of converter is fixed mounting, consequently rotary motion and relative gyration end are linear reciprocating motion can be done simultaneously to the removal end of converter, just make reciprocating mover be rotary motion and linear reciprocating motion simultaneously, finally make the spool be rotary motion and linear reciprocating motion simultaneously, realize the silk bundle and coil and arrange the purpose on the spool, this process does not need the silk bundle to be linear reciprocating motion.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the converter belongs to the prior art, for example, a screw rod with a sliding groove and a slider are used in cooperation, or a ball screw or a crank-link mechanism is theoretically possible as long as the mechanism can realize mutual conversion between rotary motion and linear motion. If the converter is a ball screw, a screw of the ball screw is fixedly mounted, and a nut of the ball screw is connected to the reciprocating mover. In the invention, the converter adopts the matching use of a screw rod and a slider, namely the converter comprises the slider and a fixedly installed screw rod, one end of the slider is inserted into a sliding groove of the screw rod, and the other end of the slider is connected to a reciprocating mover.
Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the reciprocating mover includes a head portion, a tail portion, and a connecting rod connecting the head portion and the tail portion; the connecting rod is not drawn in the picture, and the one end of connecting rod is connected on the head, and the other end of connecting rod is connected on the afterbody, and for the rationality that makes the operation, the connecting rod can have many, many connecting rods along circumferencial direction evenly distributed. The head part, the tail part and the connecting rod are in relatively fixed relation and are an integral body, and the weight of the reciprocating mover can be reduced by adopting the mode. It is also possible to replace the connecting rods with sleeves, i.e. sleeves having a head and a tail, but this results in an increased weight of the reciprocating mover. The gyrator is for being rotary motion's dwang, and the dwang runs through head and afterbody, and head and afterbody all install together with the dwang through the bearing, and the bearing is linear bearing, digs in head and the afterbody promptly and has established the hole, has placed linear bearing on the hole, and the dwang passes linear bearing and runs through head and afterbody, and should make the length of dwang long enough, generally get 1.5 times the length of screw for suitable, make reciprocating motion ware can be straight reciprocating motion on the dwang. The rotary motion and the linear reciprocating motion of the slider can be changed into the rotary motion and the linear reciprocating motion of the bobbin through the reciprocating mover and the gyrator.
The dwang has many, and many dwangs are along circumferencial direction evenly distributed, and head and afterbody are all run through to all dwangs. The swivelling levers themselves do not swivel but rather perform a swivelling movement about an axis.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the winding machine further includes a tension sleeve, the tension sleeve is sleeved on the outer surface of the reciprocating mover, that is, the tension sleeve is sleeved on the outer surface of the head and the tail, and the bobbin is sleeved on the outer surface of the tension sleeve. The tension sleeve has a tensioning effect, i.e. a force is applied from the inside of the bobbin, so that the bobbin is tensioned.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the tail portion has a hollow region, the tail portion is hollow, a through hole can be dug in the tail portion, then the screw rod is inserted into the hollow region of the tail portion, the screw rod is not in contact with the inside of the tail portion, one end of the slider is inserted into the sliding groove of the screw rod, the other end of the slider is inserted into the inside of the tail portion, and the slider can be fixed on the tail portion. Thus, when the screw rod is fixed, the slider can do rotary motion and linear reciprocating motion.
As shown in fig. 3, the winding machine further includes a fixed block fixedly installed and a telescopic protection sleeve sleeved outside the screw rod. The fixed block is immovable, and the one end of flexible protective sheath is connected on the afterbody, and the other end of flexible protective sheath is connected on the fixed block. The telescopic protective sleeve can be a telescopic corrugated pipe, and can protect the cleanness and lubrication of the screw rod.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the winding machine further includes a motor and a gear transmission mechanism, an output end of the motor is connected to the gear transmission mechanism, and an output end of the gear transmission mechanism is connected to the rotating rod. The gear transmission mechanism can be two gears which are meshed with each other and a speed reducer. The output end of the gear transmission mechanism can drive the rotating rod to rotate around a certain axis.
Referring to fig. 2, the yarn guiding device includes a frame, a yarn guiding wheel fixed on the frame, and a yarn pressing roller rotatably mounted on the frame; the filament pressing roller presses the filament bundle wound on the bobbin, and the filament bundle is wound on the bobbin after passing around the filament guiding wheel and the filament pressing roller. There may be more than one godet wheel, only 2 of which are shown. A pressure sensor is arranged at the wire pressing roller, and a tension regulator is arranged at a certain wire guide wheel. The yarn tube and the yarn bundle are combined together to be called a spindle. The tows coming from the front end process (hundreds of kilometers) are wound on a bobbin after passing through a yarn guide device. When the speed of the tows at the front-end process is inconsistent with the speed of the tows at the tow guide device, the godet wheel can be under the action of the pressure of the tows, the tension regulator can sense the tension change of the tows at the godet wheel at any time, when the tension changes, a feedback signal is sent to the controller through the tension regulator, the controller commands the working speed of the motor, the rotating speed of the motor can be controlled, and then the tension is adjusted, so that the tension stability is realized. The diameter of the spindle is increased along with the winding arrangement of the tows, and the tows are fixed in the transverse direction, although the position of the yarn pressing roller is slowly changed along with the increase of the diameter of the spindles, the change can be easily found and controlled by a pressure sensor, so that the tension of the tows is highly stable, the tension is stable, no transverse load is applied to the tows, and the quality of the tows is guaranteed. The yarn pressing roller presses the spindle, the spindle is more compact when the pressure of the yarn pressing roller is higher, and when the force of the yarn pressing wheel acting on the spindle changes, the change can be monitored in real time through the pressure sensor, the pressure of the yarn pressing wheel can be adjusted, so that the tightness degree of the yarn wound on the spindle can be guaranteed, and the yarn can be stabilized in a proper range. The related signal transmission and control technologies of the pressure sensor, the tension regulator, the controller and the motor belong to the prior art and are not the innovation point of the invention.
The working principle of the winding machine is as follows: the motor passes through gear drive dwang and rotates, the rotatory reciprocating motion ware that drives of dwang is rotatory, the slider is connected on the afterbody, and because the screw rod is fixed mounting, consequently rotary motion and straight reciprocating motion can be done simultaneously to the slider, just make reciprocating motion ware do rotary motion and straight reciprocating motion simultaneously, finally make the spool do rotary motion and straight reciprocating motion simultaneously, realize that the silk bundle is convoluteed and arrange the purpose on the spool, this process does not need the silk bundle to do straight reciprocating motion.
The yarn (silk bundle) of the winding machine can be fixed in position when entering the yarn, so that the linear reciprocating motion of the yarn is omitted, the stress imbalance of the yarn is reduced, the damage to the yarn in the winding process is effectively avoided, the complexity of the winding process is reduced, and the production efficiency and the cost are further improved. The transverse position of the filament bundle is kept unchanged, namely no external force is applied to the transverse direction of the filament bundle by the equipment, and in this case, the precisely staggered winding and forming spindles of the filament bundle are finished, so that the quality and the form of the fiber in the front-stage process can be kept to the maximum extent. The winding process is inevitably damaged, and the winding process is changed into the process without damaging the yarn, the yarn is damaged in a broad sense, not only the breakage of the microfiber of the tow, but also the change of the shape of the tow, including the change of the original width of the tow, the change of the positions of a plurality of microfibers in the tow, and even the turning and twisting of the whole tow.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents thereof, and all such changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.