CN111889076A - Adsorbent for removing virus or bacteria in gas, preparation method thereof, method and device for removing virus or bacteria in gas - Google Patents
Adsorbent for removing virus or bacteria in gas, preparation method thereof, method and device for removing virus or bacteria in gas Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111889076A CN111889076A CN202010781784.1A CN202010781784A CN111889076A CN 111889076 A CN111889076 A CN 111889076A CN 202010781784 A CN202010781784 A CN 202010781784A CN 111889076 A CN111889076 A CN 111889076A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- bacteria
- adsorbent
- molecular sieve
- cavity
- Prior art date
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Links
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, a preparation method thereof, a method and a device for removing the viruses or bacteria in the gas, and relates to the technical field of virus or bacteria killing. The adsorbent is mainly prepared from a specific adsorption material and a carrier, wherein the adsorption material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a molecular sieve, a carbon nano tube and graphene, and the adsorbent has a large specific surface area and good surface characteristics through the matching of the adsorption material and the carrier, and has a good adsorption effect on viruses or bacteria in gas. The invention also provides a preparation method of the adsorbent, which is simple to operate and stable in process and can enable the adsorption material to be fully loaded on the carrier. The invention also provides a method for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas, which mainly adsorbs the virus or bacteria in the air on the surface of the adsorbent, and rapidly kills the virus or bacteria on the surface of the adsorbent through a sterilization treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of virus or bacteria killing, and particularly relates to an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, a preparation method of the adsorbent, a method and a device for removing the viruses or bacteria in the gas.
Background
Sudden outbreaks of new coronaviruses or bacteria have had a tremendous impact on human society, and in addition to contact transmission, viruses or bacteria can also be transmitted by means of aerosols and are difficult to prevent. Other types of viruses or bacteria, such as avian influenza, SARs and the like, can also be transmitted in the form of air and aerosol, which brings great harm to human beings.
At present, air management systems of large hospitals, markets, office buildings and high-grade communities almost adopt centralized air management systems, such as large central air conditioners and fresh air systems, the existing air management systems do not have the function of removing viruses or bacteria, if carriers with virus or bacteria sources are in the buildings, the air with the viruses or bacteria can be easily diffused to all corners, so that a large number of people are infected by the viruses or bacteria, and in order to prevent the situation, methods for cutting off the propagation path and means for controlling the propagation of the viruses or bacteria are urgently needed.
Because the air flow of the air management system is very large, the disinfection equipment such as heating, ozone, ultraviolet and low-temperature plasma is directly adopted in the pipeline of the system, so that very large equipment is needed, the equipment also needs very large power, and the air management system is difficult to realize technically and economically.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed to solve at least one of the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
A first object of the present invention is to provide an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in a gas, which has a good adsorption effect on the viruses or bacteria in the gas and can effectively remove the viruses or bacteria in the gas.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the above adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in a gas.
A third object of the present invention is to provide a method for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas.
A fourth object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises a carrier and an adsorption material loaded on the carrier;
the adsorption material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of molecular sieve, carbon nano tube or graphene.
Further, on the basis of the above technical scheme of the present invention, the molecular sieve comprises a silico-aluminum molecular sieve;
preferably, the molecular sieve has a silica to alumina ratio greater than 20;
preferably, the molecular sieve comprises any one of or a combination of at least two of a ZSM-5 type molecular sieve, a Y type molecular sieve or a Beta type molecular sieve;
preferably, the carbon nanotubes areThe specific surface area is more than 100m2/g；
Preferably, the specific surface area of the graphene is more than 100m2/g。
Further, on the basis of the above technical solution of the present invention, the adsorption material includes a composite material formed by a molecular sieve and carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes in the composite material grow on the surface of the molecular sieve.
Further, on the basis of the above technical scheme of the present invention, the preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(a) dipping the molecular sieve in an organic phase, and separating to obtain a molecular sieve A;
(b) soaking the molecular sieve A in an aqueous solution containing metal ions, separating, and drying and optionally roasting the separated molecular sieve A to obtain a molecular sieve B; wherein the metal ions in the aqueous solution containing metal ions comprise any one or a combination of at least two of iron ions, cobalt ions or nickel ions;
(c) and (3) reacting the molecular sieve B in gas containing a carbon source to grow carbon nanotubes on the surface of the molecular sieve B, so as to obtain the composite material.
Further, on the basis of the technical scheme of the invention, the solubility of the organic phase in water is less than 1g/100 mL;
preferably, the organic phase comprises any one or a combination of at least two of benzene, toluene, n-hexane or cyclohexane;
preferably, in the step (b), the roasting temperature is 500-;
preferably, in the step (c), the temperature of the reaction is 550-950 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-120 min;
preferably, in step (c), the carbon source in the carbon source-containing gas comprises any one of methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane, butylene, benzene, toluene or xylene or a combination of at least two of them;
preferably, in step (c), the volume fraction of the carbon source in the carbon source-containing gas is 0.5-20%;
preferably, in step (c), the carbon source-containing gas further comprises an inert gas;
preferably, in step (c), the inert gas comprises nitrogen and/or argon, and the volume fraction of the inert gas in the carbon source-containing gas is 80-99.5%;
preferably, in the step (c), the carbon source-containing gas further comprises hydrogen, and the volume fraction of hydrogen in the carbon source-containing gas is 0.5-10%.
Further, on the basis of the above technical solution of the present invention, the carrier includes an inorganic carrier and an organic carrier;
preferably, the inorganic carrier comprises any one or a combination of at least two of ceramic honeycomb, ceramic fiber paper, asbestos, glass wool, quartz wool, basalt fiber or activated carbon fiber;
preferably, the organic carrier comprises aramid honeycombs;
preferably, the mass ratio of the adsorbing material to the carrier is (0.02-0.5): 1.
the invention also provides a preparation method of the adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the following steps:
providing a slurry of adsorbent material, binder and water;
and coating the slurry on the surface of the carrier, and drying and/or roasting to obtain the adsorbent.
Further, on the basis of the above technical solution of the present invention, the binder includes any one or a combination of at least two of silica sol, aluminum sol, lactic acid, clay, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or starch;
preferably, the mass ratio of the binder to the adsorbing material is (0.005-1): 1;
preferably, the slurry also comprises a dispersant;
preferably, the dispersant comprises any one or a combination of at least two of water glass, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol or sodium dodecyl sulfate;
preferably, the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the adsorbing material is (0.001-0.1): 1.
the invention also provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas, comprising the steps of:
(a) adsorbing the virus or bacteria on the adsorbent by passing a gas containing the virus or bacteria through the adsorbent;
(b) carrying out online antivirus treatment on the adsorbent adsorbed with the virus or bacteria;
wherein, the adsorbent comprises the adsorbent for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas or the adsorbent prepared by the preparation method;
preferably, in step (a), the flow rate of the gas containing the virus or bacteria flowing through the adsorbent is 0.05-2m/s, and the adsorption time is 0.01-60 s;
preferably, in the step (b), the sterilization treatment includes any one of a heating treatment, an ultraviolet irradiation treatment, an ozone treatment, or a low-temperature plasma treatment, or a combination of at least two thereof.
The invention also provides a device for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas, which comprises the adsorbent for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas or the adsorbent prepared by the preparation method;
preferably, the device for removing viruses or bacteria in gas comprises a cavity, an adsorbent, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline and a sterilizing device;
the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity and communicated with the cavity, the sterilizing equipment is positioned at the gas inlet pipeline or in the cavity, and the adsorbent is positioned in the cavity;
preferably, the device for removing viruses or bacteria in the gas comprises a first cavity, a second cavity, an adsorbent, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline, a sterilizing device, a first fan and a second fan;
the first cavity and the second cavity are both provided with a gas inlet pipeline and a gas outlet pipeline, and adsorbents are arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity;
the first fan is connected with the antivirus device, the antivirus device is respectively connected with the first cavity and the second cavity through gas inlet pipelines, gas outlet pipelines of the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively connected with the second fan, and the second fan is respectively connected with the first cavity and the second cavity through gas inlet pipelines;
preferably, the sterilizing device comprises any one of a heater, an ultraviolet generator, an ozone generator or a low temperature plasma generator or a combination of at least two of them.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which is mainly prepared from a specific adsorption material and a carrier, wherein the adsorption material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a molecular sieve, a carbon nano tube and graphene. Through the matching of the adsorption material and the carrier, the adsorbent has large specific surface area and good surface characteristics, has good adsorption effect on viruses or bacteria in the gas, and can effectively remove the viruses or bacteria in the gas.
(2) The invention provides a preparation method of an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which is simple to operate and stable in process, and can enable an adsorption material to be fully loaded on a carrier, so that the prepared adsorbent has a good adsorption effect on the viruses or the bacteria.
(3) The invention provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which is mainly used for adsorbing the viruses or bacteria in the air on the surface of an adsorbent and quickly killing the viruses or bacteria on the surface of the adsorbent through sterilization treatment, so that the adsorbent can be recycled, and the aim of effectively removing the viruses or bacteria in the air is fulfilled.
(4) The invention provides a device for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the adsorbent for removing the viruses or the bacteria in the gas or the adsorbent for removing the viruses or the bacteria in the gas prepared by the preparation method. In view of the advantages of the adsorbents, a device for removing viruses or bacteria in gas containing the adsorbents also has the same advantages.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to still another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a detection system for testing the adsorption effect of the device (adsorption box) for removing viruses or bacteria in gas provided by the invention.
Icon: 1-a cavity; 2-an adsorbent; 3-a gas inlet duct; 4-a gas outlet conduit; 5-a disinfection device; 6-a first fan; 7-a second fan; 8-an atomizer; 9 a-inlet impact sampler; 9 b-outlet impact sampler; 10-an adsorption tank; 11-a first cavity; 12-second cavity.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being fixed or detachable or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in a gas, comprising a carrier and an adsorbent material supported on the carrier;
the adsorption material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of molecular sieve, carbon nano tube or graphene.
Specifically, the viruses or bacteria in the present invention mainly refer to viruses or bacteria that can survive in the air and can be transmitted through the air or aerosol, and the types of the viruses or bacteria are not particularly limited, for example, neocoronaviruses or bacteria, influenza viruses or bacteria, and the like.
The carrier in the present invention may be made of a material having a porous structure and a large specific surface area, which is generally used in the art, and the kind of the carrier is not particularly limited.
The adsorbing material is mainly a substance which can adsorb viruses or bacteria and is loaded on a carrier (inner surface or outer surface).
The adsorption materials such as molecular sieve, carbon nanotube and graphene have hydrophobic and oleophilic characteristics and have strong adsorption effect on viruses or bacteria, the adsorption materials are selected and compounded with a carrier to prepare adsorbents with different pore structures and specific surface areas, and when air flows through the adsorbents, the viruses or bacteria are firmly adsorbed by the adsorption materials, so that clean air is obtained. Meanwhile, as the molecular sieve, the carbon nano tube and the graphene are all inorganic materials, the chemical property is stable, the performance of the material can be still maintained under the conditions of heating, illumination, irradiation and the like, but viruses or bacteria are killed, and the adsorption material can be regenerated and further reused.
The invention provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which is mainly prepared from a specific adsorption material and a carrier, wherein the adsorption material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of a molecular sieve, a carbon nano tube and graphene. Through the matching of the adsorption material and the carrier, the adsorbent has large specific surface area and good surface characteristics, has good adsorption effect on viruses or bacteria in the gas, and can effectively remove the viruses or bacteria in the gas.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the molecular sieve, the carbon nanotube and the graphene are adsorption materials having hydrophobic properties.
The adsorption material with hydrophobic property preferentially adsorbs organic matters, and the adsorption effect on viruses or bacteria is stronger, so that the adsorption agent has better killing effect on the viruses or bacteria when being applied.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the molecular sieve comprises a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve.
The silicon-aluminum molecular sieve is one of the most researched and widely applied molecular sieves at present, has various manufacturing methods, rich pore structure, large specific surface area, low price and great application foundation.
The silica to alumina ratio of the molecular sieve affects the polarity of the molecular sieve. As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the molecular sieve has a silica to alumina ratio greater than 20; typical but non-limiting silicon to aluminum ratios are 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 100, 200, 300, 400, or 500, etc.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the molecular sieve comprises any one of a ZSM-5 type molecular sieve, a Y type molecular sieve or a Beta type molecular sieve or a combination of at least two thereof.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adsorption material comprises a composite material formed by a molecular sieve and carbon nanotubes, and the carbon nanotubes in the composite material are grown on the surface of the molecular sieve.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the method for preparing the composite material comprises the following steps:
(a) dipping the molecular sieve in an organic phase, and separating to obtain a molecular sieve A;
(b) soaking the molecular sieve A in an aqueous solution containing metal ions, separating, and drying and optionally roasting the separated molecular sieve A to obtain a molecular sieve B; wherein the metal ions in the aqueous solution containing metal ions comprise any one or a combination of at least two of iron ions, cobalt ions or nickel ions;
(c) and (3) reacting the molecular sieve B in gas containing a carbon source to grow carbon nanotubes on the surface of the molecular sieve B, so as to obtain the composite material.
Specifically, in the step (a), the organic phase is impregnated with the molecular sieve, and by utilizing the oleophylic property of the molecular sieve, the molecular sieve adsorbs the organic phase, and then the excessive organic phase (i.e., the organic phase not adsorbed by the molecular sieve) is removed to obtain the molecular sieve A. When the obtained molecular sieve a is immersed in an aqueous solution containing metal ions, an oil-in-water state is formed, so that the metal ions in the aqueous solution containing metal ions are adsorbed only on the outer surface of the molecular sieve a, and excess water (i.e., water not adsorbed by the molecular sieve a) is removed to obtain a molecular sieve B. It should be noted that the metal ions in the aqueous solution containing the metal ions are introduced mainly to form a metal simple substance as a catalyst for the growth of the carbon nanotubes in the subsequent reaction process of the molecular sieve B. Specifically, the metal ions in the aqueous solution containing metal ions may be present in the aqueous solution in the form of a metal salt, and typical but non-limiting aqueous solutions containing metal ions are an aqueous ferric nitrate solution, an aqueous ferric sulfate solution, an aqueous ferric chloride solution, an aqueous cobalt nitrate solution, an aqueous cobalt sulfate solution, an aqueous cobalt chloride solution, an aqueous nickel nitrate solution, an aqueous nickel sulfate solution, or an aqueous nickel chloride solution.
And reacting the molecular sieve B in the gas containing the carbon source to grow the carbon nano tube on the outer surface of the molecular sieve B, thereby obtaining the composite material. The composite material not only keeps the inner hole of the molecular sieve, but also increases the carbon nano tube and the outer surface area brought by the carbon nano tube, and the granularity of the composite material is equivalent to that of the molecular sieve, thereby being beneficial to the adhesion of the adsorption material in the later adsorbent preparation.
Meanwhile, the preparation method of the composite material is simple and effective to operate.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the solubility of the organic phase in water is less than 1g/100 mL; typical, but non-limiting, organic phases have a solubility in water of 0.9g/100mL, 0.8g/100mL, 0.5g/100mL, 0.2g/100mL, 0.1g/100mL, or 0.05g/100 mL.
Preferably, the organic phase comprises any one or a combination of at least two of benzene, toluene, n-hexane, or cyclohexane.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, in the step (b), the roasting temperature is 500-; typical but non-limiting temperatures for calcination are 500 deg.C, 550 deg.C, 600 deg.C, 650 deg.C, 700 deg.C, 750 deg.C or 800 deg.C; typical but non-limiting firing times are 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 8h, 10h or 12 h.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in step (c), the reaction temperature is 550 ℃ and 950 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-120 min; typical but non-limiting reaction temperatures are 550 ℃, 600 ℃, 650 ℃, 700 ℃, 750 ℃, 800 ℃, 850 ℃, 900 ℃ or 950 ℃; typical but non-limiting reaction times are 1min, 2min, 5min, 10min, 20min, 30min, 40min, 50min, 60min, 70min, 80min, 90min, 100min, 110min or 120 min.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the step (c), the carbon source in the carbon source-containing gas includes any one or a combination of at least two of methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane, butene, benzene, toluene, or xylene.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the step (c), the volume fraction of the carbon source in the carbon source-containing gas is 0.5 to 20%; typical but not limiting carbon sources are 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 8%, 10%, 12%, 15%, 18% or 20% by volume.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the step (c), the carbon source-containing gas further comprises an inert gas;
preferably, in step (c), the inert gas comprises nitrogen and/or argon, and the volume fraction of the inert gas in the carbon source-containing gas is 80-99.5%. Typical but non-limiting inert gas volume fractions are 80%, 82%, 85%, 88%, 90%, 92%, 94%, 95%, 98%, 99% or 99.5%.
Preferably, in step (c), the carbon source-containing gas further comprises hydrogen. The hydrogen gas functions to convert metal ions (for example, iron ions, cobalt ions, or nickel ions) contained on the surface of the molecular sieve B from a combined state to a metallic state, and is used as a catalyst for growing carbon nanotubes. The volume fraction of hydrogen in the carbon source-containing gas is 0.5-10%. Typical but non-limiting volume fractions of hydrogen are 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 8% or 10%.
The carrier may be of various types, and as an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the carrier includes an inorganic carrier and an organic carrier.
Preferably, the inorganic support comprises any one of ceramic honeycomb, ceramic fiber paper, asbestos, glass wool, quartz wool, basalt fiber or activated carbon fiber or a combination of at least two of them.
Preferably, the organic carrier comprises aramid honeycomb.
The carrier can meet the requirements of the adsorbing material on high carrier porosity, large ventilation capacity and stable heat resistance.
As an alternative embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the adsorption material to the carrier is (0.02-0.5): 1. typical but non-limiting mass ratios of support and adsorbent material are 0.02:1, 0.05:1, 0.08:1, 0.1:1, 0.15:1, 0.2:1, 0.25:1, 0.3:1, 0.35:1, 0.4:1, 0.45:1 or 0.5: 1.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for preparing an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas, comprising the steps of:
providing a slurry of adsorbent material, binder and water;
and coating the slurry on the surface of the carrier, and drying and/or roasting to obtain the adsorbent.
The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing the viruses or bacteria in the gas provided by the invention is simple to operate and stable in process, and the adsorbing material can be fully loaded on the carrier, so that the adsorbent has a good adsorbing effect on the viruses or bacteria.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the binder includes any one of or a combination of at least two of silica sol, aluminum sol, lactic acid, clay, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or starch.
The adhesive can enable the adsorbing material to be better adhered to a carrier, is not easy to fall off, and can endure high-speed airflow.
As an optional embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the binder to the adsorbing material is (0.005-1): 1. typical but non-limiting mass ratios of binder to adsorbent material are 0.005:1, 0.01:1, 0.05:1, 0.08:1, 0.1:1, 0.2:1, 0.3:1, 0.4:1, 0.5:1, 0.6:1, 0.7:1, 0.8:1, 0.9:1 or 1: 1.
The dispersant may provide a more uniform dispersion of the adsorbent material in the slurry to allow for a more uniform coating on the support.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the dispersing agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of water glass, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol, or sodium lauryl sulfate;
in an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the mass ratio of the dispersant to the adsorbent is (0.001-0.1): 1. typical but non-limiting mass ratios of dispersant to adsorbent material are 0.001:1, 0.005:1, 0.008:1, 0.01:1, 0.02:1, 0.04:1, 0.05:1, 0.06:1, 0.08:1, or 0.1: 1.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a method for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas, comprising the steps of:
(a) flowing a gas containing viruses or bacteria through the adsorbent to adsorb the viruses or bacteria on the surface of the adsorbent;
(b) carrying out online antivirus treatment on the adsorbent adsorbed with the virus or bacteria;
wherein, the adsorbent comprises the adsorbent for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas or the adsorbent prepared by the preparation method.
The method for removing the virus or the bacteria in the gas mainly adsorbs the virus or the bacteria in the air on the surface of the adsorbent, and quickly kills the virus or the bacteria on the surface of the adsorbent through the sterilization treatment, so that the adsorbent can be recycled, and the aim of effectively removing the virus or the bacteria in the air is fulfilled.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the step (a), the gas containing the virus or bacteria is passed through the adsorbent at a flow rate of 0.05 to 2m/s for an adsorption time of 0.01 to 60 s. Typical but non-limiting flow rates are 0.05m/s, 0.1m/s, 0.2m/s, 0.4m/s, 0.5m/s, 0.6m/s, 0.8m/s, 0.9m/s, 1.0m/s, 1.2m/s, 1.4m/s, 1.5m/s, 1.6m/s, 1.8m/s or 2.0 m/s. Typical but non-limiting adsorption times are 0.01s, 0.1s, 0.5s, 1s, 5s, 10s, 15s, 20s, 25s, 30s, 35s, 40s, 45s, 50s, 55s or 60 s.
There are many ways to sterilize the adsorbent. As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, in the step (b), the sterilization treatment includes any one or a combination of at least two of a heating treatment, an ultraviolet irradiation treatment, an ozone treatment, or a low-temperature plasma treatment.
Specifically, the heating treatment mainly destroys protein molecules of viruses or bacteria by high temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of killing the viruses or bacteria.
Ultraviolet irradiation treatment is mainly to irradiate microorganisms such as viruses or bacteria with ultraviolet rays to destroy the structure of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) in the organism, so that the microorganisms immediately die or lose the reproductive capacity.
Ozone treatment mainly utilizes the action of ozone and virus or bacteria to destroy organelles, DNA or RNA of the virus or bacteria, so that the metabolism of the virus or bacteria is destroyed, and the virus or bacteria are killed.
The low-temperature plasma treatment mainly utilizes a large amount of active cations, high-energy free radicals and other components contained in plasma, and is easy to generate oxidation reaction with proteins and nucleic acid substances in viruses or bacteria to denature, so that various microorganisms die.
It is to be noted that the above-mentioned disinfection treatment is carried out on the premise that the structure and performance of the adsorbent are not adversely affected.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a device for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, comprising the above adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas or the adsorbent prepared by the above preparation method.
In view of the advantages of the adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas provided by the invention, the device for removing viruses or bacteria in gas containing the adsorbent also has the same advantages.
In addition, the adsorbent on which the virus or bacteria are adsorbed may be subjected to a sterilization treatment on-line or off-line, so that the adsorbent may be recycled.
The specific structure of the device for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas may be various.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas comprises a chamber 1, an adsorbent 2, a gas inlet conduit 3, a gas outlet conduit 4 and a disinfection device 5, as shown in fig. 1 in particular;
the gas inlet pipeline 3 and the gas outlet pipeline 4 are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity 1 and communicated with the cavity 1, the sterilizing equipment 5 is positioned in the gas inlet pipeline 3, and the adsorbent 2 is positioned in the cavity 1;
the sterilizing device 5 includes any one of a heater, an ultraviolet generator, an ozone generator, or a low-temperature plasma generator, or a combination of at least two of them.
The device for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas has the working principle that: gas containing virus or bacteria enters the cavity 1 through the gas inlet pipeline 3 and flows through the adsorbent 2, the adsorbent 2 adsorbs the virus or bacteria in the gas, and the clean gas adsorbed by the adsorbent 2 is discharged from the gas outlet pipeline 4. The adsorbent 2 can adsorb the virus or bacteria and can not kill the virus or bacteria, but when the adsorption reaches a certain amount, the adsorbed virus or bacteria needs to be killed, otherwise, the adsorption is saturated, and the virus or bacteria can not be removed continuously. The sterilizing device 5 may be turned on at this time, for example, by heating the passing gas with a heater, passing the high-temperature gas through the adsorbent 2, and killing the viruses or bacteria adsorbed by the adsorbent 2, or by using an ozone generator or a low-temperature plasma generator, so that the gas is enriched with ozone molecules or high-energy electrons, and the viruses or bacteria are destroyed by the ozone molecules or high-energy electrons, and the viruses or bacteria are killed or inactivated.
In order to save energy, the sterilizing apparatus 5 may be in a closed state when gas containing virus or bacteria is adsorbed by the adsorbent 2, and the sterilizing apparatus 5 may be in an open state when virus or bacteria on the adsorbent 2 is sterilized.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas comprises a chamber 1, an adsorbent 2, a gas inlet conduit 3, a gas outlet conduit 4 and a disinfection device 5, as shown in particular in fig. 2;
the gas inlet pipeline 3 and the gas outlet pipeline 4 are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity 1 and communicated with the cavity 1, and the sterilizing equipment 5 and the adsorbent 2 are both positioned in the cavity 1;
the sterilizing device 5 includes any one of a heater, an ultraviolet generator, an ozone generator, or a low-temperature plasma generator, or a combination of at least two of them.
Unlike the apparatus of fig. 1, the sterilizing device 5 of the apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas is disposed in the chamber 1. The specific working principle is the same as that of the device in fig. 1, and is not described herein again.
As an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the device for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas comprises a first cavity 11, a second cavity 12, an adsorbent 2, a gas inlet pipe 3, a gas outlet pipe 4, a disinfection apparatus 5, a first fan 6 and a second fan 7, as shown in fig. 3 in particular;
the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 are both provided with a gas inlet pipeline 3 and a gas outlet pipeline 4, and the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 are both internally provided with an adsorbent 2;
the first fan 6 is connected with the antivirus device 5, the antivirus device 5 is respectively connected with the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 through the gas inlet pipeline 3, the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 are connected with the gas outlet pipeline 4, and the second fan 7 is respectively connected with the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 through the gas inlet pipeline 3;
wherein, the sterilizing equipment 5 comprises any one or the combination of at least two of a heater, an ultraviolet generator, an ozone generator or a low-temperature plasma generator.
The device for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas has the working principle that: the gas (circulating air) containing virus or bacteria is pressurized by the second fan 7 and can enter the first cavity 11 and/or the second cavity 12 through the control valve, and after being adsorbed by the adsorbent 2 in the first cavity 11 and/or the second cavity 12, the clean gas can be directly discharged or returned to the system to be used as the circulating gas. When the adsorbent 2 in the first cavity 11 and/or the second cavity 12 is nearly saturated to adsorb viruses or bacteria and the adsorbed viruses or bacteria need to be killed, the disinfecting device 5 may be turned on, and outdoor air enters the disinfecting device 5 through the first fan 6, for example, a heater may be used to heat the passing gas, and the high temperature gas flows through the adsorbent 2 in the first cavity 11 and/or the second cavity 12 to kill the viruses or bacteria adsorbed by the adsorbent 2, or an ozone generator or a low temperature plasma generator may be used to make the gas rich in ozone molecules or high energy electrons, and the ozone molecules or high energy electrons destroy the viruses or bacteria to make the viruses or bacteria dead or inactive, so that the outer surface and/or the inner surface of the adsorbent 2 is released, and the adsorbent 2 is recycled.
In addition, the first cavity 11 and the second cavity 12 can be switched and used through a valve, and the simultaneous implementation of the purification and sterilization processes of the circulating air is ensured.
The device for removing viruses or bacteria in the gas is not limited to the above devices, and various structures are possible, which are not described herein. The device for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas can be used for preventing and controlling or protecting new coronavirus or bacteria, influenza virus or bacteria and the like which can survive in the air and are transmitted through the air or aerosol, and the specific application sites comprise: air management systems in areas where patients are concentrated, such as fixed-point hospitals, shelter hospitals, isolated areas; large-scale near-closed indoor spaces such as shopping malls, office buildings and the like are used for sterilizing and disinfecting circulating gas of a central air conditioner and a fresh air system; used for indoor air purification; negative pressure ambulances, small-sized isolation devices and the like.
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises a carrier and an adsorption material loaded on the carrier;
wherein, the carrier adopts a ceramic honeycomb with cordierite as a substrate, the size of the honeycomb is 100mm multiplied by 500mm, the section is provided with square holes, the number of the holes is 18 multiplied by 18, and the inner wall thickness is 1 mm; the adsorbing material is a ZSM-5 molecular sieve with the silicon-aluminum ratio of 500 and the specific surface area of 550m2/g。
The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing the viruses in the gas comprises the following steps:
adding part of water into the molecular sieve, silica sol (dry basis) and lactic acid according to the mass ratio of 85:10:5 to prepare slurry, coating the slurry on the surface of a carrier by adopting a vacuum method, drying at 120 ℃ for 4h, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 6h to obtain the adsorbent.
Example 2
The embodiment provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises a carrier and an adsorption material loaded on the carrier;
wherein, the carrier adopts a ceramic honeycomb with cordierite as a substrate, the size of the honeycomb is 100mm multiplied by 500mm, the section is provided with square holes, the number of the holes is 18 multiplied by 18, and the inner wall thickness is 1 mm; the adsorbing material is a Y-type molecular sieve with the silicon-aluminum ratio of 200, and the specific surface area of the adsorbing material is 600m2/g。
The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing the viruses in the gas comprises the following steps:
preparing a slurry from a molecular sieve, clay, sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol and water according to a dry basis mass ratio of 88:8:2:1:1, coating the slurry on the surface of a carrier by adopting a vacuum method, drying at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the adsorbent.
Example 3
The embodiment provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises a carrier and an adsorption material loaded on the carrier;
wherein, the carrier adopts ceramic fiber paper, and the thickness of the fiber paper is 1 mm; the adsorbing material is graphene oxide, and the specific surface of the graphene oxide is 130m2Per g, particle size<0.2mm。
The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing the viruses in the gas comprises the following steps: preparing slurry from graphene oxide, polyethylene oxide and polyvinylpyrrolidone in a mass ratio of 92:3:5 and water, soaking ceramic fiber paper in the slurry, drying at 150 ℃ for 3h, and keeping at 400 ℃ for 8h under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the adsorbent.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises a carrier and an adsorption material loaded on the carrier;
wherein the carrier adopts polypropylene-based active carbon fiber, and the specific surface area is 1000m2(ii)/g; the adsorbing material is carbon nano-tube, and the specific surface area of the carbon nano-tube is 260m2/g。
The preparation method of the adsorbent for removing the viruses in the gas comprises the following steps:
preparing slurry from the carbon nano tube, polyvinyl alcohol, sticky rice starch (gelatinization) and sodium dodecyl sulfate in a mass ratio of 93:2.5:4:0.5 and water, grinding by a colloid mill, soaking polypropylene-based active carbon fiber in the slurry, drying at 150 ℃ for 3h, and treating at 500 ℃ for 12h under the protection of nitrogen to obtain the adsorbent.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises a carrier and an adsorption material loaded on the carrier;
wherein, the carrier adopts a ceramic honeycomb with cordierite as a substrate, the size of the honeycomb is 100mm multiplied by 500mm, the section is provided with square holes, the number of the holes is 18 multiplied by 18, and the inner wall thickness is 1 mm; the adsorption material is a composite material formed by a molecular sieve and carbon nano tubes, the carbon nano tubes in the composite material grow on the surface of the molecular sieve, and the specific surface area of the composite material is 585m2/g。
The preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(a) soaking the Y-type molecular sieve in toluene in the same volume, filtering excessive toluene after 0.5h to obtain a molecular sieve A adsorbed with toluene; wherein, a Y-type molecular sieve with the silicon-aluminum ratio of 200 is adopted, and the specific surface area is 600m2/g；
(b) Soaking the molecular sieve A adsorbed with toluene in 2 times of metal ion-containing aqueous solution (ferric nitrate aqueous solution) for 0.5h, filtering, drying at 150 ℃, and roasting at 650 ℃ for 4h to obtain a molecular sieve B;
(c) reacting the molecular sieve B in a gas containing a carbon source (the volume ratio of ethylene to nitrogen to hydrogen is 1:4:0.5), wherein the reaction temperature is 750 ℃, and the reaction time is 30min, so that a carbon nano tube grows on the surface of the molecular sieve B, and the composite material is obtained.
The embodiment also provides a preparation method of the adsorbent for removing the viruses in the gas, which comprises the following steps:
preparing the composite material, clay, sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and polyethylene glycol into slurry with water according to the dry basis mass ratio of 88:8:2:1:1, coating the slurry on the surface of a carrier by adopting a vacuum method, drying at 120 ℃ for 4 hours, and roasting at 500 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain the adsorbent.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the following steps:
(a) flowing gas containing virus or bacteria through the adsorbent to adsorb the virus or bacteria on the adsorbent, wherein the flow rate of the gas containing virus or bacteria flowing through the adsorbent is 0.1m/s, and the adsorption time is 5 s;
(b) sterilizing the adsorbent adsorbed with virus or bacteria, controlling the current of the heating element to make the air temperature reach 150 ℃, and maintaining for 1 h;
the adsorbent is the adsorbent provided in embodiment 1 for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, the apparatus using the adsorbent has a structure shown in fig. 1, and the disinfecting apparatus uses an electric heater.
Example 7
The embodiment provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the following steps:
(a) adsorbing the virus or bacteria on the adsorbent by passing the gas containing the virus or bacteria through the adsorbent at a flow rate of 0.1m/s for an adsorption time of 5 s;
(b) sterilizing the adsorbent adsorbed with virus or bacteria, controlling the current of the heating element to make the air temperature reach 120 ℃, and maintaining for 1 h;
the adsorbent is the adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in gas provided in embodiment 2, the device using the adsorbent has a structure shown in fig. 1, the disinfection device adopts an electric heater, two sets of devices are used for parallel operation, one set is on and the other set is off, wherein the device is in an adsorption state when the device is started and is in a disinfection or sterilization state when the device is standby.
Example 8
The embodiment provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the following steps:
(a) adsorbing the virus or bacteria on the adsorbent by passing the gas containing the virus or bacteria through the adsorbent at a flow rate of 0.05m/s for an adsorption time of 10 s;
(b) sterilizing the adsorbent with virus or bacteria, and supplying power to the ultraviolet lamp tube to make the ultraviolet lamp tube emit ultraviolet lamp, wherein the ultraviolet lamp tube can supply power continuously or intermittently for at least 5min each time.
The adsorbent provided in embodiment 3 is used for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, the apparatus used for using the adsorbent has a structure shown in fig. 2, and the disinfecting apparatus uses an ultraviolet lamp.
Example 9
The embodiment provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the following steps:
(a) adsorbing the virus or bacteria on the adsorbent by passing the gas containing the virus or bacteria through the adsorbent at a flow rate of 0.2m/s for an adsorption time of 2.5 s;
(b) sterilizing the adsorbent with virus or bacteria, generating ozone by using ozone generator, and passing ozone-containing gas through the adsorbent for 1 hr or more.
The adsorbent provided in embodiment 4 is used for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, the apparatus used for using the adsorbent has a structure shown in fig. 3, and the disinfecting apparatus uses an ozone generator. Wherein, two sets of parallel adsorption equipment are opened and prepared, gas to be sterilized or degerming enters the running adsorption equipment through a valve to remove viruses or bacteria, and the second fan introduces air and carries ozone generated by the ozone generator to enter the standby adsorption equipment through the valve to sterilize the viruses or the bacteria.
Example 10
The embodiment provides a method for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, which comprises the following steps:
(a) adsorbing the virus or bacteria on the adsorbent by passing the gas containing the virus or bacteria through the adsorbent at a flow rate of 0.1m/s for an adsorption time of 5 s;
(b) sterilizing the adsorbent adsorbed with virus or bacteria, controlling the current of the heating element to make the air temperature reach 120 ℃, and maintaining for 1 h;
the adsorbent is the adsorbent provided in embodiment 5 and used for removing viruses or bacteria in gas, the equipment used for using the adsorbent has a structure shown in fig. 1, the disinfection equipment adopts an electric heater, two sets of equipment are used for running in parallel, one set is on and the other set is on, wherein the equipment is in an adsorption state when being started and is in a disinfection or sterilization state when being standby.
Comparative example 1
The same equipment and operating conditions as in example 6 were used, and the adsorption equipment was not filled with adsorbent.
Comparative example 2
The same equipment and operating conditions as in example 8 were used, and the adsorbent was not filled in the adsorption equipment, and only the ultraviolet lamp was turned on for sterilization or degerming.
In order to compare the technical effects of the respective examples and comparative examples, the following experimental examples were specifically set.
Experimental example 1
The effects of the examples and comparative examples were examined using the examination system shown in fig. 4. Wherein the flow rate of the gas in the gas inlet pipe 3 is 20m3H, 4.3X 10 prepared with physiological saline using an atomizer 85(cfu/mL) of the bacterial suspension of Escherichia coli was atomized and sprayed into the gas in the gas inlet line 3, and sampling was carried out using the inlet impact sampler 9a and the outlet impact sampler 9b in the lines (gas inlet line 3 and gas outlet line 4, respectively) before the gas entered the adsorption tank 10 (corresponding to the apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria in the gas in each example and comparative example) and after the gas exited the adsorption tank 10, respectively, at a sampling flow rate of 28.3L/min for 1 min. Sampling is carried out by using a plate filled with a common nutrient agar culture medium, bacteria in the sample plate are cultured for 24h at 37 +/-1 ℃ after sampling, if the count of colonies on the plate is N, the total number of bacteria contained in the air can be calculated as N ═ N x [1000L/28.3(L/min) ]]/(1min)＝35.34×n(cfu/m3). The total number of bacteria in the air before entering the adsorption tank 10 is N0The total number of bacteria in the air after leaving the adsorption tank 10 is N1The ratio of residual bacteria R ═ N1/N0X 100%, bacteria removal rate α ═ 1-N1/N0) X 100%. The test results of each example and comparative example are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the methods for removing viruses or bacteria in gas provided in examples 6-10 can be used for removing bacteria with high efficiency, and the removal rate is over 90%. With the adsorbent of example 10 (corresponding to the adsorbent provided in example 5, in which the carbon nanotubes grown on the surface of the molecular sieve were used as the adsorbent material), the same apparatus was used to achieve a higher bacteria removal effect than the adsorbent of example 7 (corresponding to the adsorbent provided in example 2, i.e., using the molecular sieve alone). In contrast, in comparative example 1, no measures are taken, the number of bacteria is not reduced before and after the adsorption tank, and in comparative example 2, ultraviolet rays are used for sterilization, so that the bacteria removal rate can be only 22.6%.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced, for example, other matrixes, binders or dispersants are used for molding in the preparation process of the adsorbent, the molecular sieve, the carbon nanotube and the graphene are combined in different proportions to serve as the adsorption material, different adsorbents of the present invention are combined, and viruses or bacteria are killed or killed by using the combination; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in a gas, comprising a carrier and an adsorbent material supported on the carrier;
the adsorption material comprises any one or a combination of at least two of molecular sieve, carbon nano tube or graphene.
2. The sorbent for the removal of viruses or bacteria from a gas according to claim 1, wherein the molecular sieve comprises a silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieve;
preferably, the molecular sieve has a silica to alumina ratio greater than 20;
preferably, the molecular sieve comprises any one of or a combination of at least two of a ZSM-5 type molecular sieve, a Y type molecular sieve or a Beta type molecular sieve;
preferably, the specific surface area of the carbon nanotube is more than 100m2/g；
Preferably, the specific surface area of the graphene is more than 100m2/g。
3. The sorbent for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to claim 2, wherein the sorbent material comprises a composite of a molecular sieve and carbon nanotubes grown on the surface of the molecular sieve.
4. The sorbent for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to claim 3, wherein the preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
(a) dipping the molecular sieve in an organic phase, and separating to obtain a molecular sieve A;
(b) soaking the molecular sieve A in an aqueous solution containing metal ions, separating, and drying and optionally roasting the separated molecular sieve A to obtain a molecular sieve B; wherein the metal ions in the aqueous solution containing metal ions comprise any one or a combination of at least two of iron ions, cobalt ions or nickel ions;
(c) and (3) reacting the molecular sieve B in gas containing a carbon source to grow carbon nanotubes on the surface of the molecular sieve B, so as to obtain the composite material.
5. The sorbent for the removal of viruses or bacteria from gases according to claim 4, characterized in that the solubility of said organic phase in water is less than 1g/100 mL;
preferably, the organic phase comprises any one or a combination of at least two of benzene, toluene, n-hexane or cyclohexane;
preferably, in the step (b), the roasting temperature is 500-;
preferably, in the step (c), the temperature of the reaction is 550-950 ℃, and the reaction time is 1-120 min;
preferably, in step (c), the carbon source in the carbon source-containing gas comprises any one of methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, propylene, butane, butylene, benzene, toluene or xylene or a combination of at least two of them;
preferably, in step (c), the volume fraction of the carbon source in the carbon source-containing gas is 0.5-20%;
preferably, in step (c), the carbon source-containing gas further comprises an inert gas;
preferably, in step (c), the inert gas comprises nitrogen and/or argon, and the volume fraction of the inert gas in the carbon source-containing gas is 80-99.5%;
preferably, in the step (c), the carbon source-containing gas further comprises hydrogen, and the volume fraction of hydrogen in the carbon source-containing gas is 0.5-10%.
6. The adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the carrier comprises an inorganic carrier and an organic carrier;
preferably, the inorganic carrier comprises any one or a combination of at least two of ceramic honeycomb, ceramic fiber paper, asbestos, glass wool, quartz wool, basalt fiber or activated carbon fiber;
preferably, the organic carrier comprises aramid honeycombs;
preferably, the mass ratio of the adsorbing material to the carrier is (0.02-0.5): 1.
7. the method for preparing the adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
providing a slurry of adsorbent material, binder and water;
and coating the slurry on the surface of the carrier, and drying and/or roasting to obtain the adsorbent.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the binder comprises any one or a combination of at least two of silica sol, aluminum sol, lactic acid, clay, carboxymethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, or starch;
preferably, the mass ratio of the binder to the adsorbing material is (0.005-1): 1;
preferably, the slurry also comprises a dispersant;
preferably, the dispersant comprises any one or a combination of at least two of water glass, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyethylene glycol or sodium dodecyl sulfate;
preferably, the mass ratio of the dispersing agent to the adsorbing material is (0.001-0.1): 1.
9. a method for removing viruses or bacteria from a gas, comprising the steps of:
(a) passing a gas containing viruses or bacteria through the adsorbent to adsorb the viruses or bacteria on the adsorbent;
(b) carrying out online antivirus treatment on the adsorbent adsorbed with the virus or bacteria;
wherein the adsorbent comprises the adsorbent for removing the virus or bacteria in the gas according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the adsorbent produced by the production method according to claim 7 or 8;
preferably, in step (a), the flow rate of the gas containing the virus or bacteria flowing through the adsorbent is 0.05-2m/s, and the adsorption time is 0.01-60 s;
preferably, in the step (b), the sterilization treatment includes any one of a heating treatment, an ultraviolet irradiation treatment, an ozone treatment, or a low-temperature plasma treatment, or a combination of at least two thereof.
10. An apparatus for removing viruses or bacteria in a gas, comprising the adsorbent for removing viruses or bacteria in a gas according to any one of claims 1 to 6 or the adsorbent produced by the production method according to claim 7 or 8;
preferably, the device for removing viruses or bacteria in gas comprises a cavity, an adsorbent, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline and a sterilizing device;
the gas inlet pipeline and the gas outlet pipeline are respectively arranged at two sides of the cavity and communicated with the cavity, the sterilizing equipment is positioned at the gas inlet pipeline or in the cavity, and the adsorbent is positioned in the cavity;
preferably, the device for removing viruses or bacteria in the gas comprises a first cavity, a second cavity, an adsorbent, a gas inlet pipeline, a gas outlet pipeline, a sterilizing device, a first fan and a second fan;
the first cavity and the second cavity are both provided with a gas inlet pipeline and a gas outlet pipeline, and adsorbents are arranged in the first cavity and the second cavity;
the first fan is connected with the antivirus device, the antivirus device is respectively connected with the first cavity and the second cavity through gas inlet pipelines, gas outlet pipelines of the first cavity and the second cavity are respectively connected with the second fan, and the second fan is respectively connected with the first cavity and the second cavity through gas inlet pipelines;
preferably, the sterilizing device comprises any one of a heater, an ultraviolet generator, an ozone generator or a low temperature plasma generator or a combination of at least two of them.
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