CN111884423A - Self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system - Google Patents

Self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111884423A
CN111884423A CN202010760403.1A CN202010760403A CN111884423A CN 111884423 A CN111884423 A CN 111884423A CN 202010760403 A CN202010760403 A CN 202010760403A CN 111884423 A CN111884423 A CN 111884423A
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rotor
permanent magnet
magnet generator
hub
combustion engine
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CN111884423B (en
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杨世国
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
    • H02K21/028—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/02—Details
    • H02K21/021—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux
    • H02K21/028—Means for mechanical adjustment of the excitation flux by modifying the magnetic circuit within the field or the armature, e.g. by using shunts, by adjusting the magnets position, by vectorial combination of field or armature sections
    • H02K21/029—Vectorial combination of the fluxes generated by a plurality of field sections or of the voltages induced in a plurality of armature sections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/12—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking
    • H02K7/125—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with auxiliary limited movement of stators, rotors or core parts, e.g. rotors axially movable for the purpose of clutching or braking magnetically influenced
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators

Abstract

A self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system comprises an internal combustion engine, a permanent magnet generator and an electronic converter. The permanent magnet generator is characterized in that a rotor of the permanent magnet generator consists of a rotor I, a rotor II, a rotor hub and a torque feedback spring type regulator. Rotor I and rotor hub fixed connection make between rotor II and the rotor hub use 3 point angle contact roll combination (8) can rotate in a relatively flexible way, and this kind of rotor can be according to the operating mode automatically regulated permanent magnet generator air gap magnetic field of internal-combustion engine to output voltage keeps stable and makes output power and internal-combustion engine power characteristic match, and is simple and reliable simultaneously, and the preparation is easy.

Description

Self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system, in particular to a permanent magnet generator set for a mobile variable frequency power supply system using an internal combustion engine as power.
Background
Due to the rapid development of power electronic technology, more and more variable frequency power supply units adopting permanent magnet generators are widely used in various aspects of military equipment, communication base stations, vehicle-mounted power supplies and industry and agriculture, and have the outstanding advantages of small volume and high efficiency. In order to be easy to move and not limited by weather and geographical conditions, the mobile power supply system of the permanent magnet generator mostly adopts a medium and small micro diesel engine or a gasoline engine as a power source. The system mainly comprises three parts, namely a gasoline/diesel engine, a generator and an electronic converter. The function of a permanent magnet generator is to convert mechanical power into electrical power, but using existing permanent magnetsSuch systems of generators have limitations: because permanent magnet excitation is used, magnetic flux is not easy to adjust, the characteristics of the permanent magnet excitation are shown in figure 3, the induced potential e is in direct proportion to the rotating speed n, the output voltage u is mainly determined by the rotating speed n, and the output power pe is increased by pe = u in direct proportion to the square of the rotating speed n2R; the operating characteristics of the internal combustion engine are different, as shown in fig. 2, the maximum efficiency point rotation speed n1 is less than the maximum power point rotation speed n2, for example, the maximum efficiency rotation speed corresponds to 2krpm and the maximum power point corresponds to 3 krpm. And because the change of the torque M is small, the output power p =0.105M n is approximately proportional to the rotating speed n. If the rated voltage and the rotating speed of the permanent magnet generator are designed to be the rotating speed n1 corresponding to the highest efficiency of the internal combustion engine, the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine cannot be further increased to increase the output power, because the output power of the internal combustion engine cannot keep up with the load power of the generator when the rotating speed continues to increase; if the rated voltage and the rotating speed of the permanent magnet generator are designed to be the rotating speed n2 corresponding to the highest power of the internal combustion engine, the output voltage of the generator does not reach the rated voltage when the rotating speed n1 with the highest efficiency is achieved; if the electronic converter is used for up/down voltage regulation, the current-voltage tolerance of the converter is increased undoubtedly, and the cost of the power element is increased greatly. Otherwise, the reliability of the electric appliance is reduced, and even the internal combustion engine is shut down. Therefore, the application provides a new scheme, so that the power characteristic of the permanent magnet generator is consistent with the power characteristic of the internal combustion engine (figure 4), rated voltage is output from the rotating speed of the maximum efficiency point to the rotating speed of the maximum power point, the load characteristic is consistent with the output characteristic of the internal combustion engine, the safety of an electric appliance is ensured, and the function of the internal combustion engine can be fully exerted.
Disclosure of Invention
A self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system comprises an internal combustion engine, a transmission part, a permanent magnet generator and an electronic converter; the transmission part is a coupling or a speed changer, the permanent magnet generator comprises a stator and a rotor, and the rotor is connected with the transmission part to rotate to generate a rotating magnetic field; the stator is connected with the frame, the winding of the stator generates electric energy, and the electric energy is output after the waveform, frequency and voltage conversion is carried out by the electronic converter; the rotor is characterized by comprising a rotor I (1), a rotor II (2), a rotor hub (3) and a torque feedback spring type regulator (9), wherein the rotor enables an air gap magnetic field to be automatically regulated according to the working condition of the internal combustion engine, so that the output voltage is kept stable and the output power is matched with the power characteristic of the internal combustion engine;
permanent magnets (4) are arranged in the rotor I and the rotor II, and N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are alternately arranged; the sum of the axial lengths of the magnetic poles of the rotor I and the rotor II is equal to the length of the stator core (6), the rotor I and the rotor II are axially arranged on the rotor hub in parallel and are approximately aligned with the stator core;
the rotor hub (3) is connected with the transmission piece (3.1), the rotor I is fixedly connected with the rotor hub, and the rotor II and the rotor hub can rotate flexibly relative to each other, so that the rotor II can be aligned with or staggered from the rotor I by a certain angle, and the magnetic flux can be adjusted; and materials or parts for reducing the friction coefficient are used between the rotor II and the rotor hub, and the rotor II and the rotor hub are functionally the same as a sliding or rolling bearing.
The moment feedback spring type regulator measures load current and moment by using a spring, and regulates a magnetic field by using deformation of the spring.
A 3-point angular contact rolling combination (8) is used between the rotor II and the rotor hub to enable the friction coefficient to be minimum, and the rolling combination comprises an end raceway (8 c), an outer raceway (8 b), an inclined raceway (8 a) and a rolling body (11); the inclined raceway is located on the rotor II, the end raceway and the outer raceway are located on the inner face of the rotor hub, the rolling bodies are spherical, the rolling bodies are in contact with 3 raceway faces simultaneously, the 3-point positioning accurately limits the axial position and the radial position between the rotor II and the rotor hub, the concentricity is good, and the rotor II has circumferential angular displacement freedom degree.
One of the specific structures of the moment feedback spring type regulator (9) is that a tension spring combination is used, namely, a tension spring is used as (9.3) and a limit pin is used as (9.2); pins (9.1) are arranged on the rotor hub and the rotor II, and the pins on the rotor hub (3) and the rotor II are respectively connected with two ends of the spring, so that two ends of the spring are respectively acted by mechanical moment and electromagnetic moment; the limiting piece is arranged on the rotor hub and used for determining the initial position and the rotating angle of the rotor II, the limiting function of the initial position is simply realized by using a limiting nail, and the limiting function of the maximum angular displacement is realized by using a pin 9.1; springs between the rotor hub (3) and the rotor II are distributed according to the circumference to form an adjusting mechanism; the spring force enables the rotor I and the rotor II to keep an aligned reset state in rated power, the air gap magnetic flux is maximum at the moment, and when the rated power is between the maximum power, the two ends of the spring are stressed to stretch and deform, so that the rotor II generates angular displacement to adjust the air gap magnetic flux. In order to automatically adjust the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generator so that the output voltage is kept stable and the output power is matched with the power characteristics of the internal combustion engine, the method is that a rotor I is fixed relative to a rotor hub, and the change of the synthetic magnetic field of the rotor I and the rotor II is realized by controlling the angular displacement of the rotor II by using output current; furthermore, when the output power is changed between the rated power and the maximum power, the output current is changed in a corresponding proportional way, for the rotor II, the spring is lengthened or shortened due to the electromagnetic reaction torque generated by the load current, so that the rotor II generates the angular displacement theta change until the angular displacement theta reaches the balance with the part equivalent of the driving torque acting on the rotor II, and the angular displacement theta enables the air gap flux linkage formed by combining the rotor I and the rotor II to be changed in a self-adaptive way.
The technical scheme has the following outstanding advantages:
first, a stable voltage is output. Output induced voltage E12Is induced voltage E of rotor I1Angle 0 and rotor 2 induced voltage E2The phasor sum of angle θ, namely:
E12=E2∠θ+E1∠0
if the rotor I and the rotor II are equal in height, E2=E1，Then:
E12=E2（1+ eiθ）
when the rotation speed is increased, the phasor and E can be increased due to the increase of theta12Keeping the voltage relatively constant, and further leading the voltage u at the output end to be relatively stable.
Secondly, when the output end voltage u is relatively stable, the relationship between the load power p and the load current i changes into linear proportional change, which is consistent with the change trend of the internal combustion engine:
Δp=u·Δi。
the characteristics of the permanent magnet generator can be easily matched with the characteristics of the internal combustion engine through parameter design and setting, so that the internal combustion engine can effectively and safely play a role at low speed and high speed, and the requirement of load change is met.
Thirdly, the scheme adjusts the magnetic flux according to the load current, namely the reaction moment, and compared with the prior art that adjusts the magnetic flux according to the rotating speed, namely the centrifugal force, the scheme has the following advantages: the reaction moment is a linear function, the adjusting mechanism is simple, a small number of standardized parts are adopted, and the cost is low; the centrifugal force is a quadratic function and needs linear processing, and the centrifugal mechanism has more parts, larger weight and higher cost.
Fourthly, the power required by the load is finally obtained from the internal combustion engine, and the output power of the internal combustion engine is adjusted according to the load requirement through a throttle valve. Because the rotational inertia of the permanent magnet rotor II is dozens of times smaller than that of the internal combustion engine, the system time constant is very small, and the response is sensitive. By adopting the scheme, the change of the load can be well tracked, the dynamic load of the converter is reduced, and the converter is controlled more easily and accurately.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a system including an internal combustion engine E, an internal combustion engine controller C, a permanent magnet generator G, a transmission M, and an electronic converter AC/DC; the dashed lines are control signals and the solid arrows indicate the energy transfer direction.
Fig. 2 is a characteristic diagram of the internal combustion engine, in which the solid line is a torque characteristic M, the chain line is a power characteristic P, the broken line is a fuel consumption oil, the abscissa axis is a rotational speed, the maximum efficiency rotational speed n1, and the maximum power rotational speed n 2.
Fig. 3 shows a power characteristic Pe, a voltage characteristic u, and a current characteristic I of a general permanent magnet generator, and the axis of abscissa indicates the rotational speed.
Fig. 4 shows the power P, voltage u, and current characteristic I of the permanent magnet generator according to the present application, and the axis of abscissa indicates the rotational speed.
Fig. 5 is a simplified diagram of a permanent magnet generator of the present patent application, numbered (and used in the abstract drawing): 1 rotor I, 2 rotors II, 3 rotor hubs, 3.1 rotor hub shaft sleeves, 4.1 permanent magnets 1, 4.2 permanent magnets 2, 5 stators, 6 iron cores, 7 windings, 8 rolling combinations, 9 moment feedback spring type regulators, 9.1 pins, 10 limiting parts, 11 rolling bodies and 12 fans. The rotor hub sleeve is a connecting element.
Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of the raceway assembly. The inclined raceway 8a is an inclined conical surface on the rotor II, the outer raceway 8b is the inner peripheral surface of the rotor hub, the end raceway 8c is the inner end surface of the rotor hub, and the rolling bodies 11 are rolling bodies.
Fig. 7 is a 3D schematic view of a rotor of an outer rotor permanent magnet generator embodiment. Reference numbers in the figures: the 9 moment feedback spring type regulator comprises a tension spring, a 9.1 pin, a 9.2 limit pin and a 9.3 spring. The rotor hub and the rotor II are both provided with pins, the alignment and limiting functions of the limiting part 10 are simply realized by using a limiting nail 9.2, and the maximum angular displacement limiting function is realized by using the pin 9.1.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of another structure of a permanent magnet generator of the present patent application, which differs from the embodiments: the inner rotor, the high-speed generator and the connecting piece 3.1 are speed-increasing transmission parts, and have the advantages of meeting the technical development trend of obtaining high power by using small volume and weight, but the cost is relatively high at the present stage.
Detailed Description
The concept of the present invention will be further explained below by taking an adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system rated at 8 kw-12 kw as an example. The system comprises a diesel engine, a permanent magnet generator and an electronic converter.
The power is domestic EV80 diesel engine, the 2000rpm output power is 8kw, the fuel consumption rate is 255 g/kwh; 3500rpm output 13.5kw, fuel consumption rate 300 g/kwh.
According to the characteristics of the engine, the permanent magnet generator outputs 7-9 kw power by taking 2000rpm as rated voltage and rotating speed, so that the requirement of frequent load is met, and the most economical fuel consumption rate and the optimal running state of power equipment are obtained; and 3600rpm is taken as the maximum electric power rotating speed, the output power is more than 12kw, and the temporary required high-power requirement is met.
The main options for embodying this patent include the choice of inner rotor (fig. 8) or outer rotor (fig. 5), ferrite magnets or rare earth magnets. Comprehensively considering, a typical case is to select a mode of adding ferrite excitation to the flywheel outer rotor with lower cost. The whole outer rotor can have the function of a flywheel and can attenuate the fluctuation of the rotating speed of the diesel engine; the rotor hub 3 is directly connected with the diesel engine through a shaft sleeve 3.1 to obtain power, and transmission loss is avoided; the rotor hub is provided with a fan which can cool the stator coil; the stator support 13 is made of aluminum alloy, so that conduction and heat dissipation of the stator are facilitated, and the electric energy output connecting line device is fixed by the rotor support.
In order to enable the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generator to be automatically adjusted according to the working condition of the internal combustion engine, so that the output voltage is kept stable, and the output power is matched with the power characteristic of the internal combustion engine, the double rotors are combined to provide magnetic flux, and the pole arc coefficient alpha after combination can be changed from 0.4-0.85.
The magnetic pole structure comprises a rotor I and a rotor II, wherein N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles are alternately arranged on the rotor I and the rotor II according to the circumference, the axial lengths of the magnetic poles of the rotor I and the rotor II are equal, the rotor I and the rotor II are axially arranged on a rotor hub (3) in parallel, the total length of the rotor I and the rotor II is equal to the length of a stator core, and the two ends of the rotor I and the rotor II are approximately aligned with the stator core. The rotor I is fixedly connected with a rotor hub, and the rotor hub is connected with a transmission piece; rotor II can rotate in a flexible way through 3 point angle contact rolling combination and rotor hub contact, through the position that staggers with rotor I to change polar arc coefficient alpha. Since the magnetic flux phi = α × B × pi × D × L, where D is the air gap diameter, B is the air gap flux density, and L is the combined air gap length, these parameters are all constant, with only the pole arc coefficient α being variable. The pole arc coefficient is approximately equal to the ratio of the arc length of the aligned portion of the rotor poles to the arc length of the pole pitch.
The rolling combination of the present example comprises 2 groups, one group is positioned at the bottom of the rotor hub 3, and the other group is positioned between the rotor I and the rotor II. The rolling combination comprises an end raceway 8c, an outer raceway 8b, an inclined raceway 8a and a rolling body 11, wherein the rolling body 11 is a steel ball. The inclined raceway 8a is positioned on the rotor II, the end raceway and the outer raceway are positioned on the inner surface of the rotor hub, the rolling bodies are simultaneously contacted with 3 raceway surfaces, the surfaces of the raceways are smooth and are hardened, and the 3-point positioning method accurately limits the axial and radial positions between the rotor II and the rotor hub; and the rotor 2 has a degree of freedom of angular displacement in the circumferential direction. And the raceway is positioned between the rotor I and the rotor II, the inclined raceway is arranged on the rotor II, the end raceway is arranged on the rotor I, and the outer raceway is arranged on a rotor hub. Similarly, the rolling body is positioned by three points. The method for supporting the rotor II by angular contact rolling has the advantages of minimum friction coefficient and positioning accuracy, small adjustment error and high sensitivity.
The rotor I is fixedly connected with the rotor hub in an interference fit manner; and a gap is reserved between the rotor II and the rotor hub, and no friction occurs.
In the embodiment, a spiral tension spring is used between the rotor hub and the rotor II, two ends of the tension spring are respectively connected with the rotor II and a pin 9.1 on the rotor hub, and the pin 9.1 also has a limiting function. The limit pin 9.2 is located on the rotor hub and used for determining the initial position of the rotor II.
The force of the spring tends to align the rotors I and II, which in combination provide the maximum flux. The sum of the torques generated by the individual spring pretensions F1 is first made equal to the rated torque on the rotor ii. Because the rotor I and the rotor II have the same size, the torque on the rotor II is equal to a part of the torque of the whole machine.
The maximum position of spring elongation is defined, which is set to a torque value slightly equal to half of the torque value at the maximum power point of the whole machine.
The magnetic field regulation of the permanent magnet generator is to make the resultant magnetic field flux of the rotor I and the rotor II automatically adapt to the working condition change of the internal combustion engine. The rotor I is relatively fixed, the angular displacement of the rotor II is realized through a load current i, and when the rotating speed is increased, the induced voltage E is seen from the rotor II2Increase, load current I2Increase, increase of output power, load current I2Producing a reaction moment-M of the rotor2And the phase is lagged by a power angle gamma, the larger the output power is, the larger the power angle gamma is; reaction moment-M2The torque acting on the rotor II with the internal combustion engine is balanced by a spring, and the rotor II generates an angular displacement theta due to the elongation of the spring. Therefore, the position of the rotor II can be determined by the load current I2It is decided that the heavier the load, the larger the angular displacement θ.
The rotor I also has a similar moment action, but does not generate angular displacement.
Output induced voltage E12Is induced voltage E of rotor I1Angle 0 and rotor 2 induced voltage E2The sum of phasors of the angle theta, and because the rotor I and the rotor II are equal in height,then
E1=E2=αBRLW*n/60
E12=E2∠θ+E1∠0= E2（1+ eiθ）
Wherein, four parameters of BRLW are all constants, alpha is the combined pole arc coefficient, n is the rotating speed, and theta increases along with the rotating speed after the rated rotating speed. Thus, at nominal speed, angular displacement θ =0, E12=2E2(ii) a After the rated speed, theta increases with the speed n to reduce alpha, so that E12Remains relatively stable, and finally the output voltage u is relatively stable, the load power p is only linearly related to the load current i (fig. 4), i.e.
Δp=u·Δi。
Because the power characteristic and the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine also change linearly, the characteristic of the permanent magnet generator can be matched with the characteristic of the internal combustion engine through parameter design and setting.
The power required by the load is finally obtained from the internal combustion engine, and the output power of the internal combustion engine is adjusted according to the load requirement through a throttle valve. Because the rotational inertia of the permanent magnet rotor II is tens of times smaller than that of the internal combustion engine, and the system time constant is small, the scheme can well track the load change, reduce the dynamic load of the converter, realize more accurate control, and simultaneously ensure that the internal combustion engine can effectively and safely play a role at low speed and high speed.

Claims (4)

1. A self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system comprises an internal combustion engine, a transmission part, a permanent magnet generator and an electronic converter; the transmission part is a coupling or a speed changer, the permanent magnet generator comprises a stator and a rotor, and the rotor is connected with the transmission part to rotate to generate a rotating magnetic field; the stator is connected with the frame, the winding of the stator generates electric energy, and the electric energy is output after the waveform, frequency and voltage conversion is carried out by the electronic converter;
the rotor is characterized by comprising a rotor I (1), a rotor II (2), a rotor hub (3) and a torque feedback spring type regulator (9), wherein the rotor enables an air gap magnetic field to be automatically regulated according to the working condition of the internal combustion engine, so that the output voltage is kept stable and the output power is matched with the power characteristic of the internal combustion engine;
permanent magnets (4) are arranged in the rotor I and the rotor II, and N magnetic poles and S magnetic poles of the permanent magnets are alternately arranged; the sum of the axial lengths of the magnetic poles of the rotor I and the rotor II is equal to the length of the stator core (6), the rotor I and the rotor II are axially arranged on the rotor hub in parallel and are approximately aligned with the stator core;
the rotor hub (3) is connected with the transmission piece (3.1), the rotor I is fixedly connected with the rotor hub, and the rotor II and the rotor hub can rotate flexibly relative to each other, so that the rotor II can be aligned with or staggered from the rotor I by a certain angle, and the magnetic flux can be adjusted; materials or parts for reducing friction coefficients are used between the rotor II and the rotor hub, and the rotor II and the rotor hub are functionally the same as a sliding or rolling bearing;
the moment feedback spring type regulator measures load current and moment by using a spring, and regulates a magnetic field by using deformation of the spring.
2. An adaptively excited permanent magnet generator system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a 3-point angular contact rolling combination (8) is used between the rotor ii and the rotor hub to minimize the friction coefficient, and the rolling combination comprises an end raceway (8 c), an outer raceway (8 b), a diagonal raceway (8 a) and rolling elements (11); the inclined raceway is located on the rotor II, the end raceway and the outer raceway are located on the inner face of the rotor hub, the rolling bodies are in contact with 3 raceway faces simultaneously, the 3-point positioning accurately limits the axial position and the radial position between the rotor II and the rotor hub, the concentricity is good, and the rotor II has the circumferential angular displacement freedom degree.
3. The self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system according to claim 1, wherein one of the specific structures of the moment feedback spring type regulator (9) is a combination of tension springs, namely, the spring (9.3) is a tension spring and a limit pin (9.2); pins (9.1) are arranged on the rotor hub and the rotor II, two ends of the spring are respectively connected to the pins on the rotor hub (3) and the rotor II, and two ends of the spring are respectively acted by mechanical torque and electromagnetic torque; the limiting piece is arranged on the rotor hub and used for determining the initial position and the rotating angle of the rotor II, the limiting function of the initial position is simply realized by using a limiting nail, and the limiting function of the maximum angular displacement is realized by using a pin 9.1; springs between the rotor hub (3) and the rotor II are distributed according to the circumference to form an adjusting mechanism; the spring force enables the rotor I and the rotor II to keep an aligned reset state in rated power, the air gap magnetic flux is maximum at the moment, and when the rated power is between the maximum power, the two ends of the spring are stressed to stretch and deform, so that the rotor II generates angular displacement to adjust the air gap magnetic flux.
4. The self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system according to claim 1, wherein the method for automatically adjusting the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generator according to the working condition of the internal combustion engine, so that the output voltage is kept stable and the output power is matched with the power characteristic of the internal combustion engine is to realize the change of the combined magnetic field of the rotor I and the rotor II by controlling the angular displacement of the rotor II according to the output current; specifically, when the output power is changed between the rated power and the maximum power, the output current is changed in a corresponding proportional ratio, the rotor I is fixed relative to the rotor hub, the rotor II enables the spring to be lengthened or shortened due to the electromagnetic reaction moment generated by the load current, so that the rotor II generates the angular displacement theta change until the angular displacement theta reaches the balance with the part equivalent of the driving moment acting on the rotor II, and the angular displacement theta enables the air gap flux linkage formed by combining the rotor I and the rotor II to change in a self-adaptive mode.
CN202010760403.1A 2020-07-31 2020-07-31 Self-adaptive excitation permanent magnet generator system Active CN111884423B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1262547A (en) * 1999-01-27 2000-08-09 南京仁源磁电机制造有限公司 Method for stabilizing output voltage of permanent-magnet electric generator and voltage-stabilized permanent-magnet electric generator
US20130069604A1 (en) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Lovejoy Controls Corp. Permanent magnet generator
CN103580411A (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-12 杨荷 Permanent-magnet brushless self-adaptive variable-speed drive motor
CN109301991A (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-02-01 刘清泉 A kind of adjustable disk-type permanent magnet generator
CN110492710A (en) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-22 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of birotor generator and its control method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1262547A (en) * 1999-01-27 2000-08-09 南京仁源磁电机制造有限公司 Method for stabilizing output voltage of permanent-magnet electric generator and voltage-stabilized permanent-magnet electric generator
US20130069604A1 (en) * 2011-09-15 2013-03-21 Lovejoy Controls Corp. Permanent magnet generator
CN103580411A (en) * 2012-08-10 2014-02-12 杨荷 Permanent-magnet brushless self-adaptive variable-speed drive motor
CN109301991A (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-02-01 刘清泉 A kind of adjustable disk-type permanent magnet generator
CN110492710A (en) * 2019-09-20 2019-11-22 齐鲁工业大学 A kind of birotor generator and its control method

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