CN111881333A - A Method for Determining the Spatial Center of Gravity of Regional Soil Erosion - Google Patents
A Method for Determining the Spatial Center of Gravity of Regional Soil Erosion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种区域土壤侵蚀空间重心确定的方法,包括以下步骤:采集测定区域内的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据并规范其侵蚀强度代码;将其参考坐标系规范化为地理坐标系;将地理坐标系下的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据转化为ASCII格式;按照公式分别计算区域土壤侵蚀空间重心坐标;将计算得到的重心坐标在ArcGIS中转化为shp格式的点文件,并与不同时间段的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据底图叠加,作图展示,进行不同时间段区域土壤侵蚀空间重心的比较。本发明可以为快速定量掌握宏观层面、快速掌握侵蚀分布格局提供有效支撑。可以定量的说明区域侵蚀的空间重心迁移,为土壤侵蚀格局变化的掌握提供科学参考。
The invention discloses a method for determining the spatial gravity center of regional soil erosion, comprising the following steps: collecting soil erosion intensity grading spatial grid data in a measurement area and standardizing its erosion intensity code; normalizing its reference coordinate system into a geographic coordinate system; Convert the spatial raster data of soil erosion intensity classification under the geographic coordinate system into ASCII format; calculate the spatial barycentric coordinates of regional soil erosion according to the formula; convert the calculated barycentric coordinates into shp format point files in ArcGIS, and different from the The soil erosion intensity grading spatial raster data basemap of the time period is superimposed and displayed as a graph to compare the spatial gravity center of soil erosion in different time periods. The invention can provide effective support for quickly and quantitatively grasping the macroscopic level and quickly grasping the erosion distribution pattern. It can quantitatively explain the spatial gravity shift of regional erosion, and provide a scientific reference for the mastery of soil erosion pattern changes.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及环境保护技术领域,尤其涉及土地保护,具体为一种区域土壤侵蚀空间重心确定的方法,涉及不同侵蚀强度对土壤侵蚀空间重心的影响。The invention relates to the technical field of environmental protection, in particular to land protection, in particular to a method for determining the gravity center of a regional soil erosion space, and relates to the influence of different erosion intensities on the soil erosion space gravity center.
背景技术Background technique
空间重心是综合考虑各个方向作用力的大小后得到的重心点,其移动的方向表现为向作用力大的方向移动,其移动的方向反映了变化格局的方向。其空间位置主要受两大因素影响,即不同方位的地理位置和属性变化。The spatial center of gravity is the center of gravity point obtained after comprehensively considering the magnitude of the force in all directions. The direction of its movement is to move in the direction of the larger force, and the direction of its movement reflects the direction of the change pattern. Its spatial location is mainly affected by two factors, that is, the geographic location and attribute changes in different directions.
土壤侵蚀强度图综合反映了不同侵蚀强度在空间上的分布格局。由于不同侵蚀强度对地球表层环境的影响是有所差异的,主要表现为高级别侵蚀强度土壤流失量多、养分丧失快、地力下降更明显。受地形地貌、土壤类型、地表植被、人为耕作以及降雨等多方面的影响,土壤侵蚀的空间异质性明显,区域之间侵蚀强度差异显著。The soil erosion intensity map comprehensively reflects the spatial distribution pattern of different erosion intensities. Because the impact of different erosion intensities on the earth's surface environment is different, the main manifestations are that high-level erosion intensities have more soil loss, faster nutrient loss, and more obvious decline in soil fertility. Affected by topography, soil type, surface vegetation, anthropogenic cultivation and rainfall, the spatial heterogeneity of soil erosion is obvious, and the erosion intensity varies significantly between regions.
在现有技术中对区域土壤侵蚀空间重心的分析目前仅存在定性的描述,缺少定量的体现。对于土壤侵蚀影响因子的分析中存在降雨侵蚀力重心的计算方法,但由于土壤侵蚀强度与侵蚀力属不同的两类要素,降雨侵蚀力的数值是连续的数值,但对土壤侵蚀强度,由于土壤侵蚀强度的分级中共涉及了6级强度级别,不同强度由于对侵蚀的影响是不一样的,因此,需要在重心计算时将不同强度的影响予以体现,原有计算的公式对区域土壤侵蚀空间重心的计算不再适用,无法满足不同侵蚀强度重心反映的要求。The analysis of the spatial gravity center of regional soil erosion in the prior art currently only has a qualitative description and lacks a quantitative representation. There is a calculation method for the gravity center of rainfall erosive force in the analysis of soil erosion influencing factors, but since soil erosion intensity and erosive force belong to two different types of elements, the numerical value of rainfall erosive force is a continuous value, but for soil erosion intensity, due to soil erosion The classification of erosion intensity involves a total of 6 intensity levels. Different intensities have different effects on erosion. Therefore, the influence of different intensities needs to be reflected in the calculation of the center of gravity. The calculation of , is no longer applicable, and cannot meet the requirements reflected by the center of gravity of different erosion intensities.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
本发明的目的在于提出一种考虑不同侵蚀强度权重的区域土壤侵蚀空间重心确定方法。The purpose of the present invention is to propose a method for determining the spatial centroid of soil erosion in consideration of different erosion intensity weights.
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
一种区域土壤侵蚀空间重心确定的方法,A method for determining the spatial centroid of regional soil erosion,
步骤一:采集测定区域内的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据并规范其侵蚀强度代码:各个土壤侵蚀强度级别为:微度侵蚀、轻度侵蚀、中度侵蚀、强烈侵蚀、极强烈侵蚀、剧烈侵蚀,将各个级别对应的侵蚀强度代码分别规范为11、12、13、14、15、16;Step 1: Collect soil erosion intensity classification spatial raster data in the measurement area and standardize its erosion intensity code: each soil erosion intensity level is: slight erosion, mild erosion, moderate erosion, strong erosion, extremely strong erosion, severe erosion Erosion, the erosion intensity codes corresponding to each level are standardized as 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16;
步骤二:检查土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据的参考坐标系,将其规范化为地理坐标系:Step 2: Check the reference coordinate system of the soil erosion intensity graded spatial raster data and normalize it to a geographic coordinate system:
步骤三:将地理坐标系下的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据转化为ASCII格式;Step 3: Convert the spatial raster data of soil erosion intensity classification under the geographic coordinate system into ASCII format;
步骤四:测定区域内土壤侵蚀空间重心的计算:按照式(1)和式(2)分别计算区域土壤侵蚀空间重心坐标:包括经度坐标和纬度坐标,Step 4: Calculation of the spatial gravity center of soil erosion in the determination area: Calculate the spatial gravity center coordinates of regional soil erosion according to formula (1) and formula (2) respectively: including longitude coordinates and latitude coordinates,
其中,权重系数分别为:Among them, the weight coefficients are:
满足 Satisfy
式中:表示侵蚀空间重心的经度坐标,单位为°(十进制);ki表示第i个栅格的权重系数;j表示第i个栅格的侵蚀强度代码,j等于11、12、13、14、15、16时,分别表示微度侵蚀、轻度侵蚀、中度侵蚀、强烈侵蚀、极强烈侵蚀、剧烈侵蚀;Ei表示第i个栅格单元中心的经度,单位为°(十进制);n表示栅格的总数;where: Indicates the longitude coordinate of the barycenter of the erosion space, in ° (decimal); ki represents the weight coefficient of the ith grid; j represents the erosion intensity code of the ith grid, and j is equal to 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 , 16, respectively represent slight erosion, mild erosion, moderate erosion, strong erosion, extremely strong erosion, severe erosion; E i represents the longitude of the center of the i-th grid cell, in ° (decimal); n represents the total number of grids;
式中:表示侵蚀空间重心的纬度坐标,单位为°(十进制),Ni表示第i个栅格单元中心的纬度坐标,单位为°(十进制);ki、n含义同上。where: Indicates the latitude coordinate of the barycenter of the erosion space, the unit is ° (decimal), Ni represents the latitude coordinate of the center of the ith grid cell, the unit is ° (decimal); k i and n have the same meaning as above.
进一步的方案,还包括步骤五:将计算得到的重心坐标在ArcGIS中转化为shp格式的点文件,并与土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据底图叠加,作图展示。The further scheme also includes step 5: converting the calculated barycentric coordinates into a point file in shp format in ArcGIS, and superimposing it with the base map of soil erosion intensity grading spatial raster data for display.
进一步的,步骤五:将计算得到的重心坐标在ArcGIS中转化为shp格式的点文件,并与不同时间段的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据底图叠加,作图展示,进行不同时间段区域土壤侵蚀空间重心的比较。Further, step 5: Convert the calculated barycentric coordinates into a point file in shp format in ArcGIS, and overlay it with the base map of the soil erosion intensity graded spatial raster data in different time periods, and display it as a map for different time periods. Comparison of the spatial centroids of soil erosion.
进一步的,步骤一中所述土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据为TIFF格式,以不同色块表示不同土壤侵蚀强度级别。Further, the soil erosion intensity grading spatial raster data in step 1 is in TIFF format, and different soil erosion intensity levels are represented by different color blocks.
本发明的有益效果是:The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
可以为快速定量掌握宏观层面、快速掌握侵蚀分布格局提供有效支撑。在一期土壤侵蚀重心的基础上,通过对多期土壤侵蚀空间重心的变化分析,可以定量的说明区域侵蚀的空间重心迁移,为土壤侵蚀格局变化的掌握提供科学参考。It can provide effective support for the rapid quantitative grasp of the macro level and the rapid grasp of the erosion distribution pattern. On the basis of the soil erosion center of gravity in the first period, through the analysis of the change of the spatial gravity center of soil erosion in multiple periods, the spatial gravity center migration of regional erosion can be quantitatively explained, which provides a scientific reference for the mastery of soil erosion pattern changes.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为ASCII格式文件示意;Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an ASCII format file;
图2为2010年区域土壤侵蚀重心示意图(底图为2010年土壤侵蚀强度分布图,星号表示重心位置);Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the center of gravity of regional soil erosion in 2010 (the bottom image is the distribution map of soil erosion intensity in 2010, and the asterisk indicates the location of the center of gravity);
图3为2010-2020年区域土壤侵蚀空间重心变化图示(底图为2020年土壤侵蚀强度分布图,星号表示重心位置)。Figure 3 shows the change of the spatial center of gravity of regional soil erosion from 2010 to 2020 (the bottom image is the distribution map of soil erosion intensity in 2020, and the asterisk indicates the location of the center of gravity).
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明所涉及的区域土壤侵蚀空间重心确定的方法,其具体实施方式结合案例说明具体操作步骤:The method for determining the center of gravity of the regional soil erosion space involved in the present invention, the specific implementation of which is combined with a case to illustrate the specific operation steps:
步骤一:采集测定区域内的土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据并规范其强度代码:各个土壤侵蚀强度级别为:微度侵蚀、轻度侵蚀、中度侵蚀、强烈侵蚀、极强烈侵蚀、剧烈侵蚀,将各个级别对应的强度代码分别规范为11、12、13、14、15、16;对于存在代码不规范的,将其规范为11-16的六级代码。Step 1: Collect spatial raster data of soil erosion intensity in the measurement area and standardize its intensity code: Each soil erosion intensity level is: slight erosion, mild erosion, moderate erosion, strong erosion, extremely strong erosion, severe erosion , the strength codes corresponding to each level are standardized as 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16; for those with irregular codes, they are standardized as six-level codes of 11-16.
步骤二:检查土壤侵蚀强度分级空间栅格数据的参考坐标系,若其坐标系为投影坐标系或坐标系缺失,将其规范化为地理坐标系(Geographic Coordinate Systems)。Step 2: Check the reference coordinate system of the soil erosion intensity grading spatial raster data. If the coordinate system is a projected coordinate system or the coordinate system is missing, normalize it to a geographic coordinate system (Geographic Coordinate Systems).
步骤三:将地理坐标系下tiff格式的土壤侵蚀强度空间栅格数据转化为ASCII格式;转化后的ASCII格式见图1。Step 3: Convert the spatial raster data of soil erosion intensity in tiff format under the geographic coordinate system into ASCII format; the converted ASCII format is shown in Figure 1.
步骤四:测定区域内土壤侵蚀空间重心的计算:根据头文件中的起始点坐标和栅格文件的栅格大小,按照式(1)和式(2)分别计算土壤侵蚀的空间重心(经度和纬度)。头文件中的xllcorner和yllcorner表示栅格文件左下角的坐标,cellsize表示栅格大小(°)。Step 4: Calculation of the spatial gravity center of soil erosion in the measurement area: According to the coordinates of the starting point in the header file and the grid size of the grid file, calculate the spatial gravity center of soil erosion (longitude and latitude). The xllcorner and yllcorner in the header file represent the coordinates of the lower left corner of the grid file, and cellsize represents the grid size (°).
其中,权重系数分别为:Among them, the weight coefficients are:
满足 Satisfy
式中:表示侵蚀空间重心的经度坐标,单位为°(十进制);ki表示第i个栅格的权重系数;j表示第i个栅格的侵蚀强度代码,j等于11、12、13、14、15、16时,分别表示微度侵蚀、轻度侵蚀、中度侵蚀、强烈侵蚀、极强烈侵蚀、剧烈侵蚀;Ei表示第i个栅格单元中心的经度,单位为°(十进制);n表示总栅格数。where: Indicates the longitude coordinate of the barycenter of the erosion space, in ° (decimal); ki represents the weight coefficient of the ith grid; j represents the erosion intensity code of the ith grid, and j is equal to 11, 12, 13, 14, 15 , 16, respectively represent slight erosion, mild erosion, moderate erosion, strong erosion, extremely strong erosion, severe erosion; E i represents the longitude of the center of the i-th grid cell, in ° (decimal); n represents The total number of rasters.
式中:表示侵蚀空间重心的纬度坐标,单位为°(十进制),Ni表示第i个栅格单元中心的纬度坐标,单位为°(十进制);n、ki含义同上。where: Indicates the latitude coordinate of the barycenter of the erosion space, in ° (decimal), and N i represents the latitude coordinate of the center of the i-th grid cell, in ° (in decimal); the meanings of n and ki are the same as above.
第五,将计算得到的重心坐标(经度E和纬度N)在ArcGIS中转化为shp格式的点文件,并与不同土壤侵蚀强度的底图叠加,作图展示(图2、图3)。Fifth, the calculated barycentric coordinates (longitude E and latitude N) are converted into point files in shp format in ArcGIS, and superimposed with the basemaps of different soil erosion intensities for display (Figure 2, Figure 3).
2010年的重心计算结果:E=113.5992°N=41.6614°Calculation result of center of gravity in 2010: E=113.5992°N=41.6614°
2020年的重心计算结果:E=117.4354°N=40.8273°The calculation result of the center of gravity in 2020: E=117.4354°N=40.8273°
从重心的数据可以看出,2010-2020年土壤侵蚀强度的空间重心向东南迁移,向东迁移3.8362°(117.4354°-113.5992°),向南迁移0.8341°(41.6614°-40.8273°)。From the data of the center of gravity, it can be seen that the spatial center of gravity of soil erosion intensity from 2010 to 2020 moved to the southeast, 3.8362° (117.4354°-113.5992°) to the east, and 0.8341° (41.6614°-40.8273°) to the south.
构建可以反映区域不同土壤侵蚀空间重心的方法,可以实现对区域土壤侵蚀空间重心位置的定量分析,进一步对不同年份空间重心位置迁移变化的分析,可以更好的区域土壤侵蚀强度的在空间上的变化方向,更好的掌握区域土壤侵蚀强度的空间变化,为宏观层面水土保持措施的布设、区域水土保持规划的编制提供科学支撑,更加精准的防治土壤侵蚀。Constructing a method that can reflect the spatial gravity center of different soil erosion in the region can realize quantitative analysis of the spatial gravity center position of regional soil erosion. Change direction, better grasp the spatial changes of regional soil erosion intensity, provide scientific support for the deployment of macro-level soil and water conservation measures, and the preparation of regional soil and water conservation plans, and more accurately prevent soil erosion.
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