CN111877062A - Ballastless track universal template system and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ballastless track universal template system, which relates to the technical field of railway ballastless track construction equipment, and comprises the following components: a plurality of longitudinal formworks; the base plate transverse formworks have right trapezoid longitudinal sections; the track bed plate transverse formworks comprise transverse formwork bodies, left side plates and right side plates, and the left side plates and the right side plates are movably connected to two ends of the front side wall of each transverse formwork body; and a positioning device between the transverse formworks. The invention also discloses a construction method adopting the ballastless track universal template system. The ballastless track universal template system aims at solving the technical problem of poor mold universality in the prior art.

Description

Ballastless track universal template system and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of railway ballastless track construction equipment, in particular to a universal template system for ballastless track construction and a construction method thereof.

Background

The ballastless track is a common high-speed railway track structure type at present, is widely applied to a plurality of high-speed railways or passenger dedicated lines, and is generally provided with a unit plate type ballastless track at a bridge section, a short-circuit foundation or a pile plate structure section, a tunnel portal section or a settlement joint in order to reduce the problems of bridge creep, subgrade settlement, tunnel inverted arch uplift and the like. In the construction process of a ballastless track bed plate in China, a simple bed plate mold and a bed plate mold are respectively designed into different structural forms aiming at the construction section characteristics of a roadbed and a bridge bed plate, the different structural forms are required to be adopted for a straight line section and a curve section, and the mold universality is poor.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a ballastless track universal template system and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the technical problem of poor mold universality in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a ballastless track general template system, which includes:

a plurality of longitudinal formworks;

the base plate transverse formworks are of right-angled trapezoids in longitudinal sections;

the transverse formwork comprises a transverse formwork body, a left side plate and a right side plate, wherein the left side plate and the right side plate are movably connected to two ends of the front side wall of the transverse formwork body; and

a positioning device between the transverse formworks;

wherein at least 2 longitudinal formworks and at least 2 base plate transverse formworks can enclose to form a base plate mold structure, and two opposite base plate transverse formworks of the adjacent base plate mold structure are connected through the transverse formwork inter-plate positioning device; at least 2 longitudinal formworks and at least 2 horizontal formworks of the ballast bed slab can enclose into a ballast bed slab die structure, and two opposite horizontal formworks of the ballast bed slab die structure which are adjacent are connected through a positioning device between the horizontal formworks.

Optionally, the method further includes:

the first reinforcing pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side wall of the base plate transverse formwork; and

the first back rib plates are arranged on the outer side wall of the horizontal formwork of the base plate at intervals along the length direction of the horizontal formwork of the base plate.

Optionally, the plurality of first back rib plates include a left back rib plate and a right back rib plate at two ends, and the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate are both angle steels;

and one outer side wall of each of the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate is coplanar with two end faces of the base plate in the length direction.

Optionally, the locking device is arranged on one side of the left side plate and one side of the right side plate;

and the left side plate and the right side plate are both constructed as rectangular plates having kidney-shaped holes arranged in the width direction of the rectangular plates;

positioning pieces are fixedly arranged at two ends of the front side wall along the length direction of the transverse formwork body, and the positioning pieces are movably arranged in the waist-shaped holes;

the positioning piece penetrates through the waist-shaped hole and is detachably connected to the locking piece so as to press the left side plate or the right side plate on the front side wall.

Optionally, the horizontal template of railway roadbed still includes:

the second reinforcing pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side wall of the transverse formwork body;

the positioning device between the transverse formworks comprises:

the positioning fixture comprises two parallel template positioning grooves, and is provided with adjusting holes penetrating through the positioning fixture along the depth direction of the template positioning grooves and positioned between the two template positioning grooves;

the height adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the adjusting hole and comprises a positioning end positioned on the side of the template positioning groove of the positioning fixture; and

the frustum is fixedly arranged at the positioning end;

the frustum is matched with the first reinforcing pipes of the two opposite base plate transverse formworks; or

The frustum is matched with the second reinforcing pipes of the two opposite transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate.

Optionally, the positioning device between the transverse formworks further includes:

the sleeve is fixedly arranged at one end, back to the template positioning groove, of the heightening screw rod, and the axis of the sleeve is perpendicular to that of the heightening screw rod; and

the crowbar is sleeved in the sleeve.

Still include vertical template bearing structure, wherein vertical template bearing structure includes:

the first inner end of the first outer stay bar is hinged to the upper part of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork;

the second inner end of the second outer support is hinged to the lower part of the outer side wall of the longitudinal template; and

the triangular seat is fixedly connected with the ground, the second outer end of the first outer supporting rod and the second outer end of the second outer supporting rod are hinged to the triangular seat, and the first hinge axis of the first outer end and the first hinge axis of the triangular seat are collinear with the second hinge axis of the second outer end and the second hinge axis of the triangular seat.

In a second aspect, the invention further provides a construction method using the ballastless track general template system, and the method includes the following steps:

axially lofting a bed plate sideline of the ballastless track line, and then performing transverse formwork installation position line snapping;

installing longitudinal templates, moving at least 2 base plate transverse templates into the slab joints, installing a transverse template positioning device, respectively inserting the adjacent base plate transverse templates into two template positioning grooves of the transverse template positioning device, and rotating the heightening screw to enable the frustum to be inserted between reinforcing pipes of the adjacent base plate transverse templates;

rotating the heightening screw to enable the frustum to prop open the lower parts of the adjacent base plate transverse formworks so that the adjacent base plate transverse formworks are aligned to corresponding transverse formwork installation positions elastic lines respectively;

fastening the longitudinal template and the base plate transverse template to construct a base plate mold structure;

pouring concrete to form a base plate;

at least 2 transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate are moved into the slab joints of the base plate, and longitudinal formworks are installed;

lifting the transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate to a preset height higher than the longitudinal formworks, and then installing a transverse formwork positioning device, so that the adjacent transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate are respectively inserted into two formwork positioning grooves of the transverse formwork positioning device;

rotating the height-adjusting screw rod to enable the frustum to tightly support the lower part of the transverse formwork of the track bed plate;

fastening a longitudinal template and the transverse template of the ballast bed plate to construct a ballast bed plate mold structure;

and pouring concrete to form the ballast bed plate.

Optionally, before the step of installing the longitudinal formwork, the method further includes:

planting ribs at the elastic line positions of the installation positions of the transverse templates in the base plate unit structure; and

after the step of rotating the height-adjusting screw to make the frustum prop open the lower parts of the adjacent base plate transverse formworks so that the adjacent base plate transverse formworks are respectively aligned with the elastic lines of the corresponding transverse formwork installation positions, the method further comprises the following steps:

correcting the verticality of the transverse template of the base plate, and adding a concrete protective layer cushion block between the transverse template of the base plate and the embedded steel bars after the verticality meets the requirement;

and the distance between the embedded bars and the elastic lines at the mounting positions of the transverse formworks is smaller than the thickness of the concrete protective layer cushion block.

Optionally, before the step of pouring concrete to form the bed plate and the step of pouring concrete to form the ballast bed plate, the method further includes:

the slab joints are covered by the thick geotextile, round holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the heightening screws on the thick geotextile, and then the thick geotextile and the bed plate transverse formwork or the bed plate transverse formwork are clamped tightly by the fishtail clamps.

In the general template system for the ballastless track provided by the embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal section of the transverse template of the bed plate is in a right-angled trapezoid shape, so that the universal template system can be used for casting concrete on a straight section of the ballastless track and can also be used for casting concrete on a curved section.

And the horizontal template of railway roadbed board includes swing joint's left board and right board, thereby both ends face and the longitudinal form board that can replace horizontal template body through swing joint's the left board and the right board cooperate, thereby can adjust the interval between two longitudinal form boards and the angle of longitudinal form board and bed plate, thereby make the horizontal template of railway roadbed board can enclose the railway roadbed board mould structure of synthesizing different longitudinal section shapes with longitudinal form board, for example, rectangle railway roadbed board mould structure, or parallelogram's railway roadbed board template structure, thereby be general in the railway roadbed board construction of ballastless track's straightway and curve section.

The construction method provided by the invention adopts the ballastless track general template system, and has the beneficial effects.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a base plate of a ballastless track universal template system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a track bed slab of the ballastless track general template system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a left side view of FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a left side plate (right side plate) of the ballastless track universal template system according to an embodiment of the invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a positioning device between transverse formworks in an embodiment of the ballastless track general formwork system of the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of one end of a base plate mold structure of the ballastless track universal template system embodiment of the invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic installation diagram of a positioning device between transverse formworks of an embodiment of the ballastless track universal formwork system of the invention on a bed plate mold structure;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of one end of a track bed slab mold structure of an embodiment of the ballastless track universal template system of the invention;

fig. 10 is an enlarged view at B of fig. 9;

fig. 11 is a schematic view of an installation of a positioning device between transverse formworks on a track bed slab mold structure according to an embodiment of the ballastless track universal formwork system of the invention;

fig. 12 is a schematic installation diagram of a longitudinal formwork support structure supporting a longitudinal formwork of a track bed slab mold structure according to an embodiment of the ballastless track universal formwork system of the invention.

The reference numbers illustrate:

the implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "secured" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In addition, if there is a description of "first", "second", etc. in an embodiment of the present invention, the description of "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the meaning of "and/or" appearing throughout includes three juxtapositions, exemplified by "A and/or B" including either A or B or both A and B. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.

The ballastless track is a common high-speed railway track structure at present, is widely applied to a plurality of high-speed railways or passenger dedicated lines, and is generally provided with a unit plate type ballastless track at a bridge section, a short-circuit foundation or a pile plate structure section, a tunnel portal section or a settlement joint in order to reduce the problems of bridge creep, subgrade settlement, tunnel inverted arch uplift and the like. In the construction process of a ballastless track bed plate in China, a simple bed plate mold and a bed plate mold are respectively designed into different structural forms aiming at the construction section characteristics of a roadbed and a bridge bed plate, the different structural forms are required to be adopted for a straight line section and a curve section, and the mold universality is poor.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a ballastless track general template system and a construction method thereof. And the horizontal template of railway roadbed board includes swing joint's left board and right board, thereby both ends face and the longitudinal form board that can replace horizontal template body through swing joint's the left board and the right board cooperate, thereby can adjust the interval between two longitudinal form boards and the angle of longitudinal form board and bed plate, thereby make the horizontal template of railway roadbed board can enclose the railway roadbed board mould structure of synthesizing different longitudinal section shapes with longitudinal form board, for example, rectangle railway roadbed board mould structure, or parallelogram's railway roadbed board template structure, thereby be general in the railway roadbed board construction of ballastless track's straightway and curve section.

The inventive concepts of the present application are further described below in conjunction with the following figures and the detailed description.

Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment of the present invention, a ballastless track general template system includes:

a plurality of longitudinal formworks 10;

the base plate transverse formworks 20 are provided, and the longitudinal sections of the base plate transverse formworks 20 are right-angled trapezoids;

a plurality of horizontal templates 30 of ballast bed board, the horizontal template 30 of ballast bed board includes: the horizontal template comprises a horizontal template body 31, and a left side plate 34 and a right side plate which are oppositely arranged, wherein the left side plate 34 and the right side plate are both movably connected to two ends of the front side wall of the horizontal template body 31; and the number of the first and second groups,

a transverse inter-form positioning device 40;

wherein at least 2 longitudinal formworks 10 and at least 2 base plate transverse formworks 20 can enclose to form a base plate mold structure, and two opposite base plate transverse formworks 20 of the adjacent base plate mold structure are connected through a transverse inter-formwork positioning device 40; at least 2 longitudinal formworks 10 and at least 2 track bed slab transverse formworks 30 may enclose a track bed slab mold structure, with two opposing track bed slab transverse formworks 30 of adjacent track bed slab mold structures connected by a transverse inter-formwork positioning device 40.

The longitudinal formwork 10 is a longitudinal formwork 10 of an existing ballastless track, and the longitudinal formwork 10 is not a key point of the invention of the present application and is not described herein again.

Specifically, the longitudinal section of the base plate transverse formwork 20 is a right trapezoid, that is, the top wall of the base plate transverse formwork 20 is an inclined surface, so that when at least 2 longitudinal formworks 10 and at least 2 base plate transverse formworks 20 enclose the base plate mold structure, the longitudinal section of the base plate mold structure is a right trapezoid. When the concrete is poured, the base plate with the rectangular longitudinal section can be formed by partial pouring, and at the moment, the base plate can be used for a straight-line section of a ballastless track. The concrete can also be completely poured, so that a bed plate with a right-angled trapezoid longitudinal section is formed, and the bed plate can also be used for a curve section of a ballastless track.

It is easy to understand that, the existing ballastless track construction process uses various types of transverse formworks, and different formworks are needed to be used in a straight section and a curved section to construct different base plates. In the embodiment, the base plate mold formed by the base plate in the shape of the right trapezoid and the longitudinal template 10 can be generally used for pouring construction of the base plate of a straight line section and a curved line section of the ballastless track.

Wherein, the preceding lateral wall of horizontal template body 31 is for deviating from the lateral wall in one side of concrete placement cavity. The left side plate 34 and the right side plate are movably connected on the upper part, so that the pouring of concrete and the maintenance and the forming of the track slab are not influenced.

Specifically, the track bed lateral formwork 30 includes a lateral formwork body 31, and the shape of the lateral formwork body 31 may be configured to be rectangular. The two ends of the front side wall of the transverse formwork body 31 are respectively movably connected with a left side plate 34 and a right side plate. The left side plate 34 and the right side plate can move for a distance along the length direction of the transverse formwork body 31, so that the track bed plates with different widths can be poured, the left side plate 34 and the right side plate can rotate for a certain angle relative to the transverse formwork body 31, the shape of the rectangular transverse formwork body 31 is changed into a parallelogram, the construction requirements of the track bed plates with various angles and widths are met, and particularly the construction requirements of the track bed plates on the curve section of a ballastless track are met. Alternatively, left panel 34 and right panel may be symmetrical pieces.

Wherein the transverse inter-bed plate positioning means 40 are used for connecting two opposite bed plate transverse beds 20 of adjacent bed plate mold structures or for connecting two opposite bed plate transverse beds 30 of adjacent bed plate mold structures. The positioning between the transverse formworks is standardized by the positioning device 40 between the transverse formworks, and the phenomena of untight positioning, deviation and the like of the transverse formworks 20 of the base plate and the transverse formworks 30 of the track bed plate are avoided, so that the construction quality of the base plate and the track bed plate is favorably ensured.

In some embodiments, the ballastless track universal formwork system further includes a first reinforcement pipe 50 and a plurality of backing ribs.

Wherein the first reinforcing pipes 50 are fixedly provided at the bottom of the outer sidewalls of the bedplate transverse formwork 20.

Specifically, the first reinforcement pipes 50 may be provided at the bottom of the outer sidewalls of the cross bedplate transverse formwork 20 in the shape of a right trapezoid along the length direction of the cross bedplate transverse formwork 20 to improve the structural strength in the length direction of the cross bedplate transverse formwork 20.

Alternatively, the first reinforcement pipe 50 may be selected as a square pipe. The square tubes are fixedly attached to the base plate cross formworks 20 by welding or other equivalent means.

Meanwhile, in order to improve the structural strength of the horizontal formworks 20 of the bed plate, a plurality of first back ribs 60 are provided at the outer sidewalls of the horizontal formworks 20 of the bed plate at intervals along the length direction of the horizontal formworks 20 of the bed plate. The first back rib plate 60 may be fixedly attached to the base plate cross formworks 20 by welding or other equivalent means.

Alternatively, the first back rib plate 60 may be an angle steel, and a side wall of the angle steel is fixedly connected to the base plate transverse formwork 20 by welding or the like.

As an option of this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the length of the horizontal formwork 20 of the base plate is 2800mm, the widths of two sides are 260mm and 470mm, respectively, the thickness of the panel is 5mm, 1 square pipe of 30 × 30 × 3mm is horizontally welded at the bottom of the steel plate to serve as the first reinforcing pipe 50, 8 angle steels of 30 × 30 × 4mm are vertically welded to serve as the first back rib plate 60 for reinforcement, and the distance between each angle steel is different from 250mm to 500 mm.

Optionally, in an embodiment, the plurality of first back rib plates 60 include a left back rib plate and a right back rib plate at two ends, and the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate are both angle steels.

Wherein, an outer side wall of the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate is coplanar with two end faces of the base plate transverse formwork 20 in the length direction respectively.

Specifically, the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate may be made of angle steel, in this case, the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate are disposed opposite to each other, that is, one outer sidewall of the angle steel is welded to the front sidewall of the horizontal formwork 20 of the bed plate, and the other outer sidewall of the angle steel is coplanar with two end surfaces of the horizontal formwork 20 of the bed plate in the length direction, respectively. Therefore, the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate can be abutted against the side wall of the longitudinal formwork 10, so that the base plate transverse formwork 20 and the longitudinal formwork 10 can be conveniently enclosed to form a base plate mould structure.

It is worth mentioning that the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate can also adopt other structural forms such as channel steel, I-steel, and the application is not limited to this.

In addition, the outer side walls of the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate are respectively coplanar with two end surfaces of the base plate transverse formwork 20 in the length direction, and a stress point can be provided, so that the C-shaped clamp 70 is conveniently used for assisting in clamping and limiting and reinforcing the base plate transverse formwork 20 and the longitudinal formwork 10.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the left side plate 34 and the right side plate are movably connected to the transverse formwork body 31 by the following structure. Specifically, the ballastless track universal formwork system further comprises a locking member 36, wherein the locking member 36 is positioned on one side of the left side plate 34 or the right side plate.

Referring to fig. 5, the left and right side plates 34 and 34 are each configured as a rectangular plate having a kidney-shaped hole disposed along a width direction of the rectangular plate.

The two ends of the front side wall along the length direction of the transverse formwork body 31 are respectively fixedly provided with a positioning piece 36, and the positioning pieces 36 are movably arranged in the waist-shaped holes.

Wherein the retainer 36 passes through the kidney-shaped aperture and is removably attached to the locking member 36 to compress either the left panel 34 or the right panel against the front side wall.

The positioning member 36 may be a stud welded to the front sidewall, and the locking member 36 may be a nut screwed onto the positioning member 36. Alternatively, the retaining member 36 may be a pin welded to the front side wall, in which case the retaining member 36 may be an axial collar or other equivalent axial fastener that engages the retaining member 36.

The positioning member 36 is movably disposed in the waist-shaped hole, so that the left side plate 34 and the right side plate can not only move relative to the transverse formwork body 31, i.e. move outwards for a certain distance, so that the side walls of the left side plate 34 and the right side plate replace two end surfaces of the transverse formwork body 31 to be tightly attached to the longitudinal formwork 10, thereby changing the actual length of the transverse formwork body 31, i.e. changing the width of the track slab mold structure. Meanwhile, the left side plate 34 and the right side plate can rotate relative to the transverse formwork body 31, so that the side walls of the left side plate 34 and the right side plate replace two end faces of the transverse formwork body 31 to be tightly attached to the longitudinal formwork 10, at the moment, the actual shape of the transverse formwork 30 of the track bed plate is not a rectangle any more, and the transverse formwork can also be other shapes such as a parallelogram shape and a trapezoid shape, and thus the track bed plates in various shapes can be poured.

As can be easily understood, after the left side plate 34 and the right side plate are adjusted to extend out of the mold or rotate at an angle, the left side plate 34 and the right side plate can be pressed against the transverse mold plate body 31 by the locking member 36, so that the adjustment of the transverse mold plate 30 of the track bed slab can be completed, and various track bed slab mold structures can be formed.

In this embodiment, the waist-shaped hole penetrates through the rectangular plate, so that the positioning member 36, the waist-shaped hole, and the locking member 36 can quickly adjust the orientation of the left plate 34 or the right plate and the transverse formwork body 31, and quickly press and connect the left plate or the right plate and the transverse formwork body. In addition, the structure is simple in structure, high in reliability and suitable for being used in the fields of concrete pouring and the like.

It is worth mentioning that, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the track slab transverse formwork 30 further includes a second reinforcement pipe 32 and a second back rib plate 33. The second reinforcing tubes 32 may be disposed at the bottom of the outer sidewalls of the transverse formwork body 31 along the length direction of the transverse formwork body 31, so as to improve the structural strength of the transverse formwork body 31 in the length direction. Alternatively, the second reinforcement pipe 32 may be selected as a square pipe. The square tube is fixedly connected to the transverse formwork body 31 by welding or other equivalent means.

Meanwhile, in order to improve the structural strength of the track slab transverse formwork 30, a plurality of second back ribs 33 are provided at intervals on the outer side wall of the transverse formwork body 31 along the length direction of the transverse formwork body 31. The second back rib 33 may be fixedly attached to the lateral formwork body 31 by welding or other equivalent means.

Optionally, the second back rib plate 33 may be an angle steel, and a side wall of the angle steel is fixedly connected to the transverse formwork body 31 by welding or the like.

As an alternative to this embodiment, referring to fig. 3 and 4, the transverse formwork body 31 has a length of 2768mm, a width of 350mm, and a panel thickness of 5mm, 1 square tube 30 × 30 × 3mm is horizontally welded at the bottom of the transverse formwork body 31 as the second reinforcing tube 32, and 7 angle steels 30 × 30 × 4mm are vertically welded as the second back rib plate 33 for reinforcement, with a distance of 400 mm. And M16X 30mm bolts with caps removed are welded on the front side wall of the transverse formwork body 31 as positioning pieces 36, and nuts are screwed on the bolts. The center of the bolt is 16mm away from the side transversely, the vertical direction is the center, and a steel plate with the length of 350mm, the width of 70mm and the thickness of 5mm is arranged at the position of the bolt, and the steel plate is the left side plate 34 or the right side plate. Waist-shaped holes with the diameter of 18mm and the hole length of 50mm are formed in the steel plate.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6-11, the lateral template positioning device 40 comprises:

the bottom wall of the positioning fixture comprises two parallel template positioning grooves A, the positioning fixture is provided with adjusting holes penetrating through the positioning fixture along the depth direction of the template positioning grooves A, and the adjusting holes are located between the two template positioning grooves A.

Heightening screw 43, heightening screw 43 is in threaded connection with the adjusting hole, and heightening screw 43 comprises a positioning end located on the side of template positioning groove A of the positioning fixture. And the number of the first and second groups,

the frustum 44 is fixedly arranged at the positioning end, and the frustum 44 is fixedly arranged at the positioning end.

The positioning clamps can be arranged at the upper parts of two adjacent transverse templates, and the upper ends of the two transverse templates are clamped into the template positioning grooves A, so that the upper parts of the transverse templates can be positioned. The positioning fixture can be arranged horizontally, at the moment, the adjusting holes of the positioning fixture are arranged in the vertical direction, and the adjusting holes are located between the two template positioning grooves A. I.e. the elevation screws 43 are arranged in the vertical direction and between adjacent transverse formworks. The end of the heightening screw 43 facing away from the template positioning groove a is an adjusting end through which the heightening screw 43 can be rotated, so that the height of the heightening screw 43 is adjusted without changing the height of the positioning jig. The height adjustment screw 43 includes a positioning end adjacent the bottom wall of the positioning fixture. And the frustum 44 may be threaded or welded to the locating end.

The frustum 44 is fixed to the positioning end, that is, also between the adjacent transverse formworks, and is configured to interact with two opposite first reinforcing pipes 50 or second reinforcing pipes 32, so that the distance between the lower ends of the adjacent transverse formworks is adjusted by the side wall of the frustum 44 and the first reinforcing pipes 50 or the second reinforcing pipes 32 under the condition that the upper ends of the transverse formworks are clamped and limited, and thus the positioning and installation of the transverse formworks are completed.

Specifically, referring to fig. 6, in a direction from the adjustment end to the positioning end, i.e., in a vertically downward direction, the outer side wall of the frustum 44 is tapered, i.e., gradually reduced in diameter. So that the outer side wall of the frustum 44 will force the first and second reinforcement pipes 50, 32 against which it is abutting away from each other when the frustum 44 follows the height-adjusting screw 43 to move downwards.

It should be noted that the transverse formwork of the present embodiment may be a transverse formwork 30 for a track bed slab, or a transverse formwork 20 for a bed plate.

This embodiment connects and secures the upper ends of adjacent transverse formworks by means of locating fixtures. The height-adjusting screw 43 and the frustum 44 are used for adjusting the distance between the lower ends of the adjacent transverse formworks, so that the positioning between the transverse formworks is standardized, the phenomena of poor positioning, deviation and the like of the transverse formworks 20 of the base plate and the transverse formworks 30 of the track bed plate are avoided, and the construction quality of the base plate and the track bed plate is guaranteed. And the heightening screw 43 acts with the first reinforcing pipe 50 and the second reinforcing pipe 32, so that the construction is efficient, the adjustment is convenient, and the device also has the advantage of high reliability.

Referring to fig. 6, in order to facilitate the rotation of the height-adjusting screw 43, the transverse inter-template positioning device 40 further includes:

and the sleeve 45 is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the bottom wall of the positioning fixture, of the height-adjusting screw 43, and the axis of the sleeve 45 is perpendicular to that of the height-adjusting screw 43. And the number of the first and second groups,

the crowbar is sleeved in the sleeve 45.

Wherein the sleeve 45 can be fixed to the end of the height-adjusting screw 43 away from the bottom wall of the positioning fixture by welding or other equivalent means. The sleeve 45 can be replaced by a nut, which is not limited in this application, as long as the crowbar can be sleeved in the sleeve 45 and performs the force application.

It is easily understood that the present embodiment rotates the height-adjusting screw 43 by the combination of the sleeve 45 and the crowbar, thereby conveniently and rapidly rotating the height-adjusting screw 43. And the force is applied by the combination of the crowbar and the sleeve 45, and the force application mode is convenient for humanized operation and construction of workers. Compared with the existing spanner for screwing the height-adjusting screw 43, the combined stress application of the crowbar and the sleeve 45 is suitable for being applied to a site, and the positioning device can be normally used even if the positioning device is lightly polluted by concrete, so that the environmental applicability is improved. Meanwhile, the positioning device adopts the combination of the sleeve 45 and the crowbar to facilitate the cleaning of concrete.

Referring to fig. 6, in one embodiment, the positioning fixture includes:

the upper channel 41, and,

the lower channel steel 42 is fixedly arranged in the upper channel steel 41, and the lower channel steel 42 is arranged opposite to the upper channel steel 41.

Wherein, the clearance between the two side walls of the lower channel steel 42 and the upper channel steel 41 defines a template positioning slot a.

Specifically, the upper channel 41 is horizontally disposed with its notch facing downward, and the lower channel 42 is horizontally disposed with its notch facing upward. Optionally, the lower channel 42 may be welded into the upper channel 41. The clearance between the two side walls of the lower channel steel 42 and the upper channel steel 41 defines a formwork positioning groove a. In this case, the positioning fixture may be an axis-symmetric piece, and the symmetric axis is the axis of the height-adjusting screw 43.

It is easy to understand, two fixed plates are directly welded in the existing upper channel steel 41, and a template positioning groove A is defined by the gap between the two fixed plates and the upper channel steel 41. After the positioning fixture clamps the upper end of the transverse template to limit, when the lower end of the transverse template is adjusted through the heightening screw 43, the fixing plate is easily damaged due to the forced displacement of the inner side of the transverse template. Compare in aforementioned current structure, the structure that two piece big one little channel-section steels of this embodiment adopted mutually supported, structural strength obtains obviously improving to positioning fixture's life has been improved. Simultaneously, compare in the width that directly enlarges the fixed plate and increase the structural strength of template constant head tank A, the cooperation of adopting one big one little last channel-section steel and lower channel-section steel also is convenient for the welding operation, and last channel-section steel and lower channel-section steel non-deformable in the welding process prevent that the welding of too wide fixed plate is not in place or welding deformation's situation from appearing.

In one embodiment, in order to clamp the upper end of the transverse template in the template positioning groove a, a locking structure is further arranged on the positioning fixture, and the locking structure comprises:

and the threaded hole is formed in the outer side wall of one side of the upper channel steel 41 and penetrates through the outer side wall of the upper channel steel 41.

And the adjusting bolt 46 is in threaded connection with the threaded hole, and one end of the adjusting bolt 46 extends into the template positioning groove A.

And the adjusting sleeve 47 is fixedly connected to the other end of the adjusting bolt 46.

Wherein the optional threaded hole may be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the heightening bolt. For example, when the height-adjusting bolt is vertically arranged, the threaded hole is horizontally arranged.

In this embodiment, still can stretch into adjusting sleeve 47 through the crowbar in to rotatory adjusting bolt 46, and then compress tightly the upper end of horizontal template on the cell wall of template constant head tank A prevents horizontal template off tracking, does benefit to the accurate location of accomplishing horizontal template.

The traditional longitudinal formwork on one side is supported by a single outer support rod, so that the unstable supporting condition is easy to occur, or the traditional longitudinal formwork on one side is supported by a plurality of outer support rods, the outer support rods are respectively fixed on facilities of ballastless tracks such as a base, and the problems of large quantity of parts and complicated reinforcing process exist at the moment. To this end, and referring to fig. 12, in one embodiment, a longitudinal form support structure is further included, wherein the longitudinal form support structure includes:

a first outer stay bar 7, wherein the first inner end of the first outer stay bar 7 is hinged on the upper part of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork 10;

the second inner end of the second outer support rod 8 is hinged to the lower part of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork 10; and the number of the first and second groups,

the triangular seat 9, the triangular seat 9 and ground fixed connection, and the second outer end of first outer vaulting pole 7 and the second outer end of second outer vaulting pole 8 all articulate in the triangular seat 9, and the first articulated axis of first outer end and triangular seat 9 and the second articulated axis collineation of second outer end and triangular seat 9.

Wherein, the triangle seat 9 can be formed by many steel sheet welding, and the hinge hole has been seted up to the level on the triangle seat 9, inserts an articulated shaft on the hinge hole, and the both ends of articulated shaft are located to first outer end and the second outer end cover respectively. Still can vertically set up one on the trigonometry and plant the muscle hole, conveniently through planting muscle earth anchor with trigonometry 9 fixed connection to the base face to with ground fixed connection, reduce the base face and destroy. It is easy to understand that the aforementioned triangle seat 9 can be fixedly connected to the ground, such that the triangle seat 9 is connected to the base surface, or the triangle seat 9 is connected to the protective wall on the bridge floor and the cable duct wall of the tunnel ditch.

Compared with the existing longitudinal formwork 10 supported by a single outer supporting rod or longitudinal formworks 10 supported by a plurality of outer supporting rods up and down, in the embodiment, because the first outer end of the first outer supporting rod 7 and the second outer end of the second outer supporting rod 8 are hinged together, the longitudinal formwork 10, the first outer supporting rod 7 and the second outer supporting rod 8 jointly form a stable triangular structure, and the supporting effect is better. And because the first outer end of the first outer stay bar 7 and the second outer end of the second outer stay bar 8 are both hinged on the triangular seat 9, when the longitudinal template 10 is installed, the longitudinal template 10 is supported in place after the triangular seat is installed and adjusted, thereby reducing the number of parts supported by the longitudinal template 10, saving the construction process and improving the construction efficiency.

The ballastless track is a common high-speed railway track structure type at present, is widely applied to a plurality of high-speed railways or passenger dedicated lines, and is generally provided with a unit plate type ballastless track at a bridge section, a short-circuit foundation or a pile plate structure section, a tunnel portal section or a settlement joint in order to reduce the problems of bridge creep, subgrade settlement, tunnel inverted arch uplift and the like. However, no matter which plate structure is adopted, the base plate cast-in-place process and the cast-in-place slab process are omitted, and independent broken joints are arranged between unit plates by utilizing transverse formworks. The number of transverse broken joints of a ballastless track line is large, and the following problems are easily caused due to low level of transverse template positioning and reinforcing technology: 1) the transverse formwork is not firmly reinforced, and the phenomena of concrete bottom slurry leakage, and overlarge or undersize plate seams are caused by formwork running and displacement. 2) The template is not positioned strictly in the positioning stage, and the phenomenon of template inclination occurs. 3) The end or top overhanging ear portions of the transverse forms are welded to the longitudinal forms 10, and the heat generated by the welding causes deformation of the forms. And the craters affect the appearance of the concrete after it is poured. 4) The steel bar head of the unit plate can not be pulled out after concrete is poured, and the steel bar head is directly exposed in the atmospheric environment, so that the durability of the concrete is influenced; 5) the base plate and the road bed plate of the curved section are of non-rectangular structures, and transverse end templates of various types need to be processed, so that the difficulty of searching the types and transferring the models on site by workers is increased; 6) the top of the transverse plate seam is not protected to enter the plate seam when concrete pouring is caused, so that the form removal and cleaning difficulty is increased, or the shielding measures are too heavy, and the carrying workload is increased.

With reference to fig. 7 to fig. 11, for this purpose, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a construction method using a ballastless track general template system, where the method includes the following steps:

(a) axial lofting is conducted on a base plate sideline of a ballastless track line, then lengths of structures such as a roadbed and a bridge and beam joint sizes are measured actually, plate lengths of the transverse base plate template 20 are adjusted according to design and standard requirements, and then a template mounting position is subjected to line snapping.

(b) After the base surface contacted by the base plate is roughened and the reinforcing mesh is installed, the reinforcing bars are planted on the elastic line side of the transverse template 20 of the base plate in the unit structure of the base plate. Generally, the number of the planting bars 1 of each base plate transverse formwork 20 is not less than 3-4.

(c) Installing the longitudinal templates 10, then moving 2 base plate transverse templates 20 which are polished, cleaned and brushed with template paint in advance into the plate gaps, installing the transverse template positioning devices 40, enabling the adjacent base plate transverse templates 20 to be respectively inserted into the two template positioning grooves A of the transverse template positioning devices 40, and rotating the height adjusting screw 43 to enable the frustum 44 to be inserted between the first reinforcing pipes 50 of the adjacent base plate transverse templates 20.

It will be readily appreciated that the longitudinal formwork 10 is reinforced by the aforementioned longitudinal formwork support structure support. For the longitudinal formwork 10 on one side of the non-protection wall of the ballastless track, the triangular seat 9 can be fixed on a base surface through the steel bar planting ground anchor, and then the longitudinal formwork is supported and reinforced through the first outer support rod and the second outer support rod. For the longitudinal formwork 10 on one side of the ballastless track with the protective wall and the ditch cable trough, the triangular seat is tightly pressed onto the side protective wall or the side wall of the ditch cable trough through the first outer support rod and the second outer support rod.

It is worth mentioning that, referring to fig. 12, the longitudinal formwork 10 may be supported by a support structure. The supporting structure comprises a first outer supporting rod, a second outer supporting rod and a triangular seat. The inner end of the first outer stay bar is hinged to the top of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork, the inner end of the second outer stay bar is hinged to the bottom of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork, the outer end of the first outer stay bar and the outer end of the second outer stay bar are hinged to the triangular seat, and hinged shafts of the first outer stay bar and the second outer stay bar are coaxial, namely the first outer stay bar and the second outer stay bar are hinged to the same position. The triangular seat can be fixed on a base surface through the bar-planting ground anchor and can also be directly abutted against a protective wall beside the ballastless track through the supporting effect of the first outer support rod and the second outer support rod.

It is easy to understand that, compared with the existing longitudinal formwork supported by a single outer brace or a plurality of outer braces which support the longitudinal formwork up and down, in this embodiment, since the outer ends of the first outer brace and the second outer brace are hinged together, the longitudinal formwork 10, the first outer brace and the second outer brace together form a stable triangular structure, and the supporting effect is better. And because the outer ends of the first outer stay bar and the second outer stay bar are hinged on the triangular seat, when the longitudinal template is installed, the longitudinal template 10 is supported in place after the triangular seat is installed and adjusted, thereby reducing the number of parts supported by the longitudinal template 10, saving the construction process and improving the construction efficiency.

(d) Rotating the raising screws 43 causes the frustums 44 to spread the lower portions of the adjacent base plate transverse formworks 20 so that the adjacent base plate transverse formworks 20 are aligned with the corresponding transverse formwork installation positions spring lines, respectively.

(e) Meanwhile, the vertical level ruler is utilized to correct the verticality of the base plate transverse formwork 20, after the verticality meets the requirement, a concrete protective layer cushion block 2 is additionally arranged between the base plate transverse formwork 20 and the bottom planting bar, and after the concrete protective layer cushion block 2 is installed and tightly supported, the height-adjusting screw rod is slightly rotated to ensure that the frustum 44 is completely stressed.

Wherein, the clear distance between the embedded bar 1 and the elastic line of the template mounting position is smaller than the thickness of the concrete protective layer cushion block.

(f) The skid is used for rotating the adjusting bolt 46 to clamp the base plate transverse formwork 20, then the C-shaped clamp 70 is installed on the longitudinal formwork 10 in the slab gap at the position close to the base plate transverse formwork 20, the longitudinal formwork 10 is clamped with the first back rib plate 60 or the second back rib plate 33 on the base plate transverse formwork 20 through the C-shaped clamp 70, then the C-shaped clamp 70 is screwed, the expansion force caused by the pouring concrete is prevented from causing the displacement of the base plate transverse formwork 20, and the operation of fastening the longitudinal formwork 10 and the base plate transverse formwork 20 is completed, so that the base plate mould structure is constructed.

(g) For preventing to reveal among the concrete placement process or pollute the slab joint, use thick type geotechnological cloth to cover the slab joint to the round hole is seted up to the screw 43 department of corresponding of increaseing on thick type geotechnological cloth, then utilizes the fish tail to press from both sides 80 and press from both sides thick type geotechnological cloth edge and bed plate horizontal formwork 20 tightly, and every slab joint fish tail presss from both sides 80 tight department and is no less than 6 ~ 8.

Specifically, the hole formed in the thick geotextile at the position corresponding to the height-adjusting screw 43 may be a U-shaped hole or the like, so that the height-adjusting screw 43 may be leaked out.

(h) And pouring concrete to form the base plate 4.

(i) After the base plate is installed and the back track panel is installed, 2 track bed board transverse formworks 30 which are polished in advance and coated with formwork paint are moved into a base plate seam, and then temporary square timbers are adopted to prop up the lower parts of the track bed board transverse formworks 30. And the longitudinal formworks 10 are installed according to the formwork installation quality requirements.

It will be readily appreciated that the longitudinal form may still be supported by the aforementioned longitudinal form support structure and will not be described in detail herein.

(j) The track bed plate transverse formworks 30 are lifted to be 3cm higher than the longitudinal formworks, and then the transverse formwork positioning devices 40 are installed, so that the adjacent track bed plate transverse formworks 30 are respectively inserted into the two formwork positioning grooves A of the transverse formwork positioning devices 40.

It will be readily appreciated that in other embodiments, the track bed slab transverse formwork 30 may also be raised 5cm or 4cm above the longitudinal formwork. As long as the design requirements are met.

(k) The raising screw 43 is rotated by a crowbar to ensure that the lower portion of the track bed plate cross form 30 is slightly closer to the bed plate. The left side plate 34 or the right side plate is adjusted so that the actual size of the track bed slab transverse formwork 30 meets the requirements of the track bed slab. After adjustment, the locking member 36 is tightened to press the left or right side panel 34 against the transverse formwork body 31. At this time, a notch is formed between the left side plate 34 or the right side plate and the left and right end surfaces of the transverse formwork body 31. And a thin stainless steel plate 3 is inserted into the gap to seal the gap, so that the two sides of the end surface of the poured ballast bed plate are prevented from being raised.

(l) Then, the track bed plate transverse formwork 30 is corrected by using a vertical horizontal ruler, then the heightening screw 43 is completely screwed down to ensure that the frustum 44 completely props against the lower part of the track bed plate transverse formwork 30, the adjusting bolt 46 on the positioning fixture is screwed down to clamp the upper part of the track bed plate transverse formwork 30, finally, the C-shaped clamp 70 is installed at the position, close to the transverse formwork, of the plate seam of the longitudinal formwork 10, the longitudinal formwork 10 and the track bed plate transverse formwork 30 are clamped by the C-shaped clamp 70, then the C-shaped clamp 70 is screwed down, the phenomenon that the track bed plate transverse formwork 30 is displaced due to expansion force in the concrete pouring process is prevented, and the operation of fastening the longitudinal formwork 10 and the track bed plate transverse formwork 30 is completed to construct a.

(m) for preventing concrete placement in-process from revealing or polluting the board seam, use thick type geotechnological cloth to cover the board seam to the round hole is seted up to the screw 43 of increaseing on thick type geotechnological cloth and corresponds the department, then utilizes fishtail clamp 80 to press from both sides thick type geotechnological cloth edge and bed plate horizontal template 20 tightly, and every board seam fishtail clamp 80 presss from both sides tight department and is no less than 6 ~ 8.

And (n) pouring concrete to form the track bed slab.

Since the construction method adopts all technical solutions of all the system embodiments, all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments are at least achieved, and are not repeated herein.

In addition, according to the construction method provided by the invention, the concrete protective layer cushion block is added to the embedded steel bars at the bottom of the base plate transverse formwork 20, so that the corrosion defect caused by positioning the embedded steel bars is effectively avoided, and the service life of the concrete is greatly prolonged.

According to the construction method provided by the invention, the C-shaped clamp 70 is used for assisting in reinforcing the longitudinal template 10 and the transverse template, so that the connection between the transverse template and the longitudinal template 10 is further ensured, the displacement risk of the transverse template in concrete pouring is reduced, and the slab joint size and the perpendicularity are effectively controlled. And the C-shaped card 70 belongs to easily purchased and turnover materials, and has low cost.

The construction method provided by the invention can be used for increasing the transverse formwork 30 of the track bed slab to be 3cm higher than the longitudinal formwork. Namely 3cm higher than the concrete ground, the problems of concrete overflow, buried positioning devices 40 between the transverse formworks and corner drop due to unfilled edges at the ends of the concrete slabs are avoided, and thus the concrete pouring quality is improved.

According to the construction method provided by the invention, the thick geotextile is provided with the round holes or the holes such as the U-shaped holes, on one hand, the geotextile is light in weight, and more isolation layer leftovers can be used for practicality, the cost is low, and on the other hand, the situations that the shield of plate seams is not tight, the geotextile is difficult to install or the geotextile is easy to scrape off in windy weather are avoided.

According to the construction method provided by the invention, the fishtail clamp 80 is adopted to clamp the thick geotextile and the transverse formwork steel plate, so that the effect of shielding the geotextile on the plate seam is ensured, and the problem of excessive silting of the plate seam caused by financing can be avoided even if the geotextile is scattered during concrete pouring.

The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a ballastless track universal formwork system which characterized in that includes:

a plurality of longitudinal formworks;

the base plate transverse formworks are of right-angled trapezoids in longitudinal sections;

the transverse formwork comprises a transverse formwork body, a left side plate and a right side plate, wherein the left side plate and the right side plate are movably connected to two ends of the front side wall of the transverse formwork body; and

a positioning device between the transverse formworks;

wherein at least 2 longitudinal formworks and at least 2 base plate transverse formworks can enclose to form a base plate mold structure, and two opposite base plate transverse formworks of the adjacent base plate mold structure are connected through the transverse formwork inter-plate positioning device; at least 2 longitudinal formworks and at least 2 horizontal formworks of the ballast bed slab can enclose into a ballast bed slab die structure, and two opposite horizontal formworks of the ballast bed slab die structure which are adjacent are connected through a positioning device between the horizontal formworks.

2. The ballastless track universal template system of claim 1, further comprising:

the first reinforcing pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side wall of the base plate transverse formwork; and

the first back rib plates are arranged on the outer side wall of the horizontal formwork of the base plate at intervals along the length direction of the horizontal formwork of the base plate.

3. The ballastless track universal formwork system of claim 2, wherein the plurality of back rib plates comprise a left back rib plate and a right back rib plate at two ends, and the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate are both angle steels;

and one outer side wall of each of the left back rib plate and the right back rib plate is coplanar with two end faces of the base plate in the length direction.

4. The ballastless track universal template system of claim 1, further comprising a retaining member located on one side of the left and right side plates;

and the left side plate and the right side plate are both constructed as rectangular plates having kidney-shaped holes arranged in the width direction of the rectangular plates;

positioning pieces are fixedly arranged at two ends of the front side wall along the length direction of the transverse formwork body, and the positioning pieces are movably arranged in the waist-shaped holes;

the positioning piece penetrates through the waist-shaped hole and is detachably connected to the locking piece so as to press the left side plate or the right side plate on the front side wall.

5. The ballastless track universal template system of claim 2, wherein the track bed slab transverse template further comprises:

the second reinforcing pipe is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the outer side wall of the transverse formwork body;

the positioning device between the transverse formworks comprises:

the positioning fixture comprises two parallel template positioning grooves, and is provided with adjusting holes penetrating through the positioning fixture along the depth direction of the template positioning grooves and positioned between the two template positioning grooves;

the height adjusting screw is in threaded connection with the adjusting hole and comprises a positioning end positioned on the side of the template positioning groove of the positioning fixture; and

the frustum is fixedly arranged at the positioning end;

the frustum is matched with the first reinforcing pipes of the two opposite base plate transverse formworks; or

The frustum is matched with the second reinforcing pipes of the two opposite transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate.

6. The ballastless track universal template system of claim 5, wherein the transverse inter-template positioning device further comprises:

the sleeve is fixedly arranged at one end, back to the template positioning groove, of the heightening screw rod, and the axis of the sleeve is perpendicular to that of the heightening screw rod; and

the crowbar is sleeved in the sleeve.

7. The ballastless track universal template system of claim 1, further comprising a longitudinal template support structure, wherein the longitudinal template support structure comprises:

the first inner end of the first outer supporting rod is hinged to the upper part of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork;

the second inner end of the second outer support rod is hinged to the lower part of the outer side wall of the longitudinal formwork; and

the triangular seat is fixedly connected with the ground, the second outer end of the first outer supporting rod and the second outer end of the second outer supporting rod are hinged to the triangular seat, and the first outer end and a first hinge axis of the triangular seat are collinear with the second outer end and a second hinge axis of the triangular seat.

8. A construction method using the ballastless track universal formwork system of any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:

axially lofting a bed plate sideline of the ballastless track line, and then performing transverse formwork installation position line snapping;

installing longitudinal templates, moving at least 2 base plate transverse templates into the slab joints, installing a transverse template positioning device, respectively inserting the adjacent base plate transverse templates into two template positioning grooves of the transverse template positioning device, and rotating the heightening screw to enable the frustum to be inserted between first reinforcing pipes of the adjacent base plate transverse templates;

rotating the heightening screw to enable the frustum to prop open the lower parts of the adjacent base plate transverse formworks so that the adjacent base plate transverse formworks are aligned to corresponding transverse formwork installation positions elastic lines respectively;

fastening the longitudinal template and the base plate transverse template to construct a base plate mold structure;

pouring concrete to form a base plate;

at least 2 transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate are moved into the slab joints of the base plate, and longitudinal formworks are installed;

lifting the transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate to a preset height higher than the longitudinal formworks, and then installing a transverse formwork positioning device, so that the adjacent transverse formworks of the ballast bed plate are respectively inserted into two formwork positioning grooves of the transverse formwork positioning device;

rotating the height-adjusting screw rod to enable the frustum to tightly support the lower part of the transverse formwork of the track bed plate;

fastening a longitudinal template and the transverse template of the ballast bed plate to construct a ballast bed plate mold structure;

and pouring concrete to form the ballast bed plate.

9. The construction method according to claim 8, wherein before the step of installing the longitudinal formworks, the method further comprises:

planting ribs at the elastic line positions of the installation positions of the transverse templates in the base plate unit structure; and

after the step of rotating the height-adjusting screw to make the frustum prop open the lower parts of the adjacent base plate transverse formworks so that the adjacent base plate transverse formworks are respectively aligned with the elastic lines of the corresponding transverse formwork installation positions, the method further comprises the following steps:

correcting the verticality of the transverse template of the base plate, and adding a concrete protective layer cushion block between the transverse template of the base plate and the embedded steel bars after the verticality meets the requirement;

and the distance between the embedded bars and the elastic lines at the mounting positions of the transverse formworks is smaller than the thickness of the concrete protective layer cushion block.

10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of casting concrete to form a foundation slab is preceded by the step of casting concrete to form a ballast bed slab, and the method further comprises:

the slab joints are covered by the thick geotextile, round holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the heightening screws on the thick geotextile, and then the thick geotextile and the bed plate transverse formwork or the bed plate transverse formwork are clamped tightly by the fishtail clamps.

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