CN111876204A - Continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips - Google Patents

Continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111876204A
CN111876204A CN202010841737.1A CN202010841737A CN111876204A CN 111876204 A CN111876204 A CN 111876204A CN 202010841737 A CN202010841737 A CN 202010841737A CN 111876204 A CN111876204 A CN 111876204A
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furnace body
crushing
shell
continuous production
conical cover
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Chinese (zh)
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张伟
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Changsha Daoxiang Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Changsha Daoxiang Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/10Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator arranged in discharge path of crushing or disintegrating zone
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02CCRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C4/00Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills
    • B02C4/02Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers
    • B02C4/08Crushing or disintegrating by roller mills with two or more rollers with co-operating corrugated or toothed crushing-rollers
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/318Preparation characterised by the starting materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/312Preparation
    • C01B32/318Preparation characterised by the starting materials
    • C01B32/324Preparation characterised by the starting materials from waste materials, e.g. tyres or spent sulfite pulp liquor
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/30Active carbon
    • C01B32/39Apparatus for the preparation thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/02Fixed-bed gasification of lump fuel
    • C10J3/20Apparatus; Plants
    • C10J3/30Fuel charging devices
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60Processes
    • C10J3/62Processes with separate withdrawal of the distillation products
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/58Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels combined with pre-distillation of the fuel
    • C10J3/60Processes
    • C10J3/64Processes with decomposition of the distillation products
    • C10J3/66Processes with decomposition of the distillation products by introducing them into the gasification zone
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/725Redox processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/74Construction of shells or jackets
    • C10J3/76Water jackets; Steam boiler-jackets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J3/00Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10J3/72Other features
    • C10J3/82Gas withdrawal means
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0903Feed preparation
    • C10J2300/0906Physical processes, e.g. shredding, comminuting, chopping, sorting
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0913Carbonaceous raw material
    • C10J2300/0916Biomass
    • C10J2300/092Wood, cellulose
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0956Air or oxygen enriched air
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10JPRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
    • C10J2300/00Details of gasification processes
    • C10J2300/09Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
    • C10J2300/0953Gasifying agents
    • C10J2300/0959Oxygen

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a continuous production device for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips, which relates to the technical field of biomass energy and comprises the following components: a gasification furnace, and a composite crushing device; the gasification furnace comprises: upper, middle and lower furnace bodies; the middle furnace body is rotationally arranged on the frame, a conical cover and a gas collecting pipe are arranged in the middle furnace body, the conical cover is fixedly connected in the middle furnace body, and a gas channel is arranged on the conical surface of the conical cover; one end of the gas collecting pipe extends out of the gasification furnace; feed inlet department still is equipped with material loading closing device, includes: the device comprises a shell, a loading turntable, a feeding hole and an extrusion hole; a material passing channel is arranged on the charging turntable, a material pressing plate is arranged right above the extruding opening, and the first telescopic rod pushes the material pressing plate to move downwards to extrude the material into the furnace body; the composite crushing device is used for separating out large blocks in the materials, crushing the large blocks separately and then crushing the large blocks. The composite smashing device is used for classifying and efficiently smashing materials, and the gasified fuel gas of wood chips and bamboo chips is efficiently collected through the rotary conical cover in the gasification furnace.

Description

Continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, in particular to continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips.
Background
Biomass refers to various organisms formed by photosynthesis, including all animals and plants and microorganisms. The biomass energy is the energy form that solar energy is stored in biomass in the form of chemical energy, is one of important energy sources which human beings rely on for survival, is the fourth largest energy source after coal, petroleum and natural gas, and plays an important role in the whole energy system.
At present, all countries in the world, especially developed countries, are dedicated to developing efficient and pollution-free biomass energy utilization technology so as to achieve the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction. Pyrolysis of biomass in the presence of complete or partial oxygen deficiency typically results in large quantities of combustible gas, activated carbon (i.e., biomass char), and small quantities of extracted liquid. The combustible gas can be used as clean energy; the activated carbon has high carbon content and developed pore structure, can maintain nutrients and moisture, and is an ideal soil conditioner; the extract can be used for preparing disinfectant and deodorant in livestock places, or used for producing leaf fertilizer or carbon-based compound fertilizer raw materials for promoting crop growth.
The existing gasification equipment (namely a carbonization furnace) on the market is not perfect in the aspects of conversion efficiency, service performance and the like, and has a larger improvement space, wherein a processing factory generates a large amount of leftover waste materials such as wood chips (powder, blocks and wood shavings) and bamboo chips (powder and blocks) in the processing process of wood and bamboo, and the conventional processing method for the leftover waste materials is direct abandonment or combustion, so that waste or environmental pollution is caused, and targeted processing is not performed, so that the continuous carbonization production equipment with high efficiency of the wood chips and the bamboo chips is developed and designed aiming at the carbon sources such as the wood chips and the bamboo chips.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a continuous production apparatus for producing fuel gas and activated carbon from wood chips and bamboo chips, in which a composite pulverizer efficiently pulverizes the wood chips and bamboo chips in a large and small block classification manner, and a rotary conical cover is used to collect fuel gas generated by gasifying the wood chips and bamboo chips in a gasifier, so that the collection efficiency is greatly improved, and coking is not easily generated.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a continuous production device for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips, which comprises the following steps: a gasification furnace, and a composite crushing device for providing the gasification furnace with fine crushed material;
the gasification furnace includes: an upper furnace body, a middle furnace body and a lower furnace body;
the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body are fixed on the frame, a feed inlet is arranged above the upper furnace body, and a discharge outlet is arranged below the lower furnace body;
the middle furnace body is arranged on the rack in a rotating way around a vertical shaft, the upper end of the middle furnace body is connected to the lower end of the upper furnace body in a rotating way, and the lower end of the middle furnace body is connected to the upper end of the lower furnace body in a rotating way; the middle furnace body is internally provided with a conical cover and a gas collecting pipe, the conical cover is fixedly connected in the middle furnace body, and gas channels for gas to enter the middle furnace body are staggered on the conical surface of the conical cover; one end of the gas collecting pipe extends into the conical cover, and the other end of the gas collecting pipe extends out of the gasification furnace;
feed inlet department still is equipped with material loading closing device, include: the feeding device comprises a shell positioned at the upper end of an upper furnace body and a charging turntable rotating around a vertical shaft in the shell, wherein the upper end of one side of the shell is provided with a feeding hole, and the lower end of the other side of the shell is provided with a squeezing hole penetrating into the upper furnace body; a material passing channel, a material pressing plate right above the extrusion opening and a first telescopic rod used for driving the material pressing plate to move towards the extrusion opening are arranged on the charging turntable in a penetrating mode; the loading turntable is used for loading materials when the material passing channel is aligned with the material inlet; when the charging turntable rotates to enable the material passing channel to be aligned with the extrusion port, the first telescopic rod pushes the material pressing plate to move downwards to extrude the material in the material passing channel into the upper furnace body;
the composite crushing apparatus comprises: a sorting device, and a crushing device, the sorting device comprising: the sorting device comprises a sorting shell, a sorting feed inlet at the upper end and a sorting discharge outlet at the lower end; a fan is arranged on one side below the sorting feed port, a material distributing plate is obliquely arranged on the other side, and a crushing roller is oppositely arranged below the sorting feed port; the crushing device comprises: the crushing device comprises a crushing shell, a rotary table which rotates around a horizontal shaft in the crushing shell, and a crushing motor which drives the rotary table to rotate; the sorting discharge port is communicated with a feed port at the upper side part of the crushing device; the rotary table is hinged with a crushing cutter, and a crushing screen is arranged at a crushing discharge port below the crushing shell.
Furthermore, a spiral scraping groove is formed in the conical surface of the conical cover along a conical spiral line of the conical cover, and when the conical cover rotates, materials are scraped to the oblique lower side.
Furthermore, the extruding opening is transversely provided with a partition plate for realizing the on-off of the extruding opening in a moving mode, and a second telescopic rod for driving the partition plate to move is arranged on the side wall of the shell.
Furthermore, a scraping plate rotating around a vertical shaft is further arranged in the upper furnace body, and when the scraping plate rotates, the material scraping surface inclined downwards on the scraping plate applies force downwards and scrapes the material.
Further, the middle furnace body upper end connects in upper portion furnace body lower extreme through water-stop seal device soon, water-stop seal device includes: the upper end of the middle furnace body is provided with an annular liquid containing groove, the lower end of the upper furnace body extends into an inner ring of the annular liquid containing groove, the periphery of the lower end of the upper furnace body is provided with the annular partition plate, and the lower end of the annular partition plate extends below the liquid level of the annular liquid containing groove; the middle furnace body lower extreme also connects soon with lower part furnace body upper end through water seal device, water seal device includes: the annular liquid containing groove is formed in the upper end of the lower furnace body, the lower end of the middle furnace body extends into an inner ring of the annular liquid containing groove, the annular partition plate is arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the middle furnace body, and the lower end of the annular partition plate extends below the liquid level of the annular liquid containing groove.
Furthermore, the periphery of the upper furnace body and the lower furnace body is provided with cooling water jackets.
Furthermore, the crushing cutter is crescent, and a plurality of crushing cutters are uniformly distributed around the rotating disc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the composite smashing device in the continuous production equipment is used for classifying and efficiently smashing wood chips and bamboo chips into large and small blocks, and fuel gas generated by the gasification of the wood chips and the bamboo chips is collected by the rotary conical cover in the gasification furnace, so that the collection efficiency is greatly improved, and the wood chips and the bamboo chips are not easy to coke.
1. The section of the spiral scraping groove is gradually increased from top to bottom, so that the scraped materials can move downwards conveniently; when the conical cover rotates, on one hand, the spiral scraping groove on the conical cover scrapes off the carbide in the reduction layer by layer and discharges the carbide to the cooling layer along the inclined lower part to prevent coking, and on the other hand, each layer of scraping enables the fuel gas mixed in the carbide to be quickly released and enter the gas channel, so that the fuel gas is fully and efficiently collected.
2. When the material passing channel extrudes materials to the extrusion opening, the partition plate is opened under the action of the second telescopic rod, and when the materials do not need to be extruded in the furnace, the partition plate is closed under the action of the second telescopic rod, so that smoke is prevented from entering the material passing channel.
3. According to the composite crushing device, the original wood chips and bamboo chip materials are separated, a part of materials with light weight directly enter the crushing device to be crushed, the other part of materials with heavy weight are crushed into small blocks by the crushing roller and then enter the crushing device to be crushed, and the crushed fine crushed materials are conveyed to the feeding end of the gasification furnace by the conveying device, so that the crushing efficiency is improved, and the continuous production is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the turntable shown in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view showing the structure of the gasification furnace of FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3B;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at C according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the conical shroud of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of FIG. 7 according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the scraper plate of FIG. 3 according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic top view of the loading carousel shown in fig. 3 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a gasification furnace; 101. a housing; 102. a charging turntable; 103. a material extruding opening; 104. a material passing channel; 105. a material pressing plate; 106. a first telescopic rod; 107. a partition plate; 108. a second telescopic rod; 11. an upper furnace body; 111. a feed inlet; 112. a scraping plate; 12. an intermediate furnace body; 121. a conical cover; 122. a gas collecting pipe; 123. an air channel; 124. a spiral scraping groove; 13. a lower furnace body; 131. a discharge port; 14. a cooling water jacket; 15. an annular liquid containing groove; 16. an annular partition plate; 5. a composite crushing device; 51. a sorting device; 511. a sorting housing; 512. a sorting feed port; 513. a sorting discharge port; 514. a fan; 515. a material distributing plate; 516. a crushing roller; 52. a crushing device; 521. pulverizing the shell; 522. a turntable; 523. a grinding motor; 524. a crushing knife; 525. crushing a discharge hole; 526. and (4) crushing a screen.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a continuous production apparatus for producing fuel gas and activated carbon from wood chips and bamboo chips, including: a gasification furnace 1, and a composite pulverization device 5 for supplying the gasification furnace 1 with a fine pulverized material; sorting raw wood chips and bamboo chip materials, crushing and crushing the raw wood chips and the bamboo chip materials respectively, and conveying the crushed raw wood chips and the crushed bamboo chip materials to a feeding end on a gasification furnace 1 through a conveying device;
the gasification furnace 1 includes: an upper furnace body 11, an intermediate furnace body 12, and a lower furnace body 13; divide according to inside material handling state, from last to being down in proper order: a raw material layer I, a pyrolysis layer II, an oxidation layer III, a reduction layer IV and a cooling layer V;
the upper furnace body 11 and the lower furnace body 13 are fixed on the frame, a feed inlet 111 is arranged above the upper furnace body 11, a discharge outlet 131 is arranged below the lower furnace body 13, and a screw conveyor can be arranged at the position for discharging to output activated carbon (namely biomass carbon);
the middle furnace body 12 is rotatably arranged on the rack around a vertical shaft, the upper end of the middle furnace body 12 is rotatably connected with the lower end of the upper furnace body 11, the lower end of the middle furnace body 12 is rotatably connected with the upper end of the lower furnace body 13, the middle furnace body 12 is erected on the rack through a thrust bearing with a vertical axis, a gear ring coaxial with the rotation axis is arranged on the middle furnace body 12, correspondingly, a motor is fixedly arranged on the rack, and a gear matched with the gear ring is arranged at the output end of the motor, so that the middle furnace body 12 can rotate around the vertical shaft; a conical cover 121 and a gas collecting pipe 122 are arranged in the middle furnace body 12, the conical cover 121 is fixedly connected in the middle furnace body 12, the upper end of the conical cover is sealed, the lower end of the conical cover is open, gas channels 123 for allowing gas to enter the middle furnace body are arranged on the conical surface of the conical cover in a staggered manner, the gas channels 123 can be air inlets which are formed in the conical surface of the conical cover 121 and lead to the interior of the conical cover, the air inlets are obliquely formed, and the inlet position is low so as to prevent materials from entering the inner space of the conical cover 121; the conical cover 121 can be stacked and inserted by a plurality of layers of conical shells, namely, the caliber of the upper end of the lower layer of conical shell is smaller than that of the lower end of the upper layer of conical shell, the inserting part can be provided with the gas channel 123, and a channel for moving the carbonized material downwards is reserved between the periphery of the lower end of the conical cover 121 and the inner wall of the middle furnace body 12; one end of the gas collecting pipe 122 extends into the conical hood 121, and the other end extends out of the gasification furnace, that is, the gas outlet end of the gas collecting pipe 122 can penetrate through the side wall of the lower furnace body 13 and be fixed;
feed inlet 111 department still is equipped with material loading closing device, includes: the feeding device comprises a shell 101 and a charging turntable 102, wherein the shell 101 is positioned at the upper end of an upper furnace body 11, the charging turntable 102 rotates around a vertical shaft in the shell 101, the charging turntable 102 can be driven by a motor at the upper end of the shell 101 to rotate, a plurality of charging turntables 102 can be uniformly distributed around an axis, the upper end of one side of the shell 101 is provided with a feeding hole 111, and the lower end of the other side of the shell 101 is provided with a squeezing hole 103 penetrating into the; the charging turntable 102 is provided with a material passing channel 104, a material pressing plate 105 right above the extrusion opening 103, and a first telescopic rod 106, which can be a hydraulic cylinder, on the housing 101 for driving the material pressing plate 105 to move towards the extrusion opening 103; the loading turntable 102 is rotated to the time when the material passing channel 104 is aligned with the material inlet 111 for loading materials; when the charging turntable 102 rotates to the material passing channel 104 to be aligned with the extrusion opening 103, the first telescopic rod 106 pushes the material pressing plate 105 to move downwards to extrude the material in the material passing channel 104 into the upper furnace body 11;
the composite crushing apparatus 5 includes: a sorting device 51, and a crushing device 52, the sorting device 51 including: a sorting housing 511, a sorting feed port 512 at an upper end, and a sorting discharge port 513 at a lower end; a fan 514 is arranged on one side below the sorting feed port 512, a distributing plate 515 is obliquely arranged on the other side, one end of the distributing plate 515 close to the fan 514 is higher, the lighter wood chips and bamboo chips are blown to the material distributing plate 515 by the fan 514 and then guided into the crushing device 52 for crushing, the materials with heavier mass continuously fall, the crushing rollers 516 are also oppositely arranged below the sorting feed inlet 512, the two crushing rollers 516 can rotate around a horizontal shaft, the rotation directions are opposite, the materials can be meshed and driven through a gear assembly, one of the crushing rollers 516 is in transmission connection with the output end of the motor, the elongated slot between the two crushing rollers 516 is used for passing massive wood chips and bamboo chips, when the materials pass through the elongated slot downwards, the crushing teeth on the crushing roller 516 crush the crushed material into small pieces, and then the small pieces are gathered into the sorting material port 513 to facilitate the crushing treatment of the crushing device 52 in the next step; the crushing apparatus 52 includes: the crushing device comprises a crushing shell 521, a rotary table 522 which rotates around a horizontal shaft in the crushing shell 521, and a crushing motor 523 which drives the rotary table 522 to rotate, wherein the crushing motor 523 can be in transmission connection with a rotary shaft on the rotary table 522 through a belt transmission component; the sorting discharge port 513 is communicated with a feed port on the upper side part of the crushing device 52; the rotary table 522 is hinged with a crushing knife 524, and a crushing screen 526 is arranged at a crushing discharge hole 525 below the crushing shell 521.
During the specific use, compound reducing mechanism 5 selects separately some materials that the quality is lighter with original wood chip, bamboo chip material and directly enters into reducing mechanism 52 and carries out shredding, and another part material that the quality is heavier passes through crushing roller 516 and breaks into the fritter form back and then enters into reducing mechanism 52 and carries out shredding, and the fine crushing material after smashing passes through conveyer and carries the feed end on gasifier 1 again.
And the charging turntable 102 is rotated to make the material passing channel 104 align with the feeding port 111, the crushed material of the wood chip and bamboo chip leftovers is charged to the feeding port 111 to fill the material passing channel 104, then the charging turntable 102 is rotated to make the material passing channel 104 align with the material extruding port 103, the first telescopic rod 106 pushes the material pressing plate 105 to move downwards to slowly extrude the material in the material passing channel 104 into the upper furnace body 11, so as to compress the material in the upper furnace body 11, prevent subsequent burning and initial ignition, or an electronic igniter can be arranged in the furnace body to continuously charge powder into the furnace and compact the powder, and after a certain period of time, the powder mainly reacts in each area in the furnace as follows:
raw material layer: the heat comes from the lower part combustion at the temperature of 20-200 ℃, and free water and combined water in the raw materials are evaporated;
a pyrolysis layer: 200-500 ℃ with heat from the lower partBurning, cracking the raw material under oxygen-deficient condition to produce a large amount of combustible gas (CO, H)2,CH4Etc.), biochar;
oxidizing layer: 600-800 ℃, biological carbon gasification reaction, C + O2→CO2,2C+O2→2CO;
A reduction layer: reduction reaction occurs at 800-600 ℃, C + H2O→CO+H2,CO+H2O→CO2+H2,C+CO2→2CO,C+2H2→CH4,CO2+H2→2CO+H2O;
When the middle furnace body 12 rotates, the conical cover 121 is driven to rotate, fuel gas generated in the oxidation layer and the reduction layer is rapidly discharged from the gas channel 123 and collected through the gas collecting pipe 122, meanwhile, the rotation of the conical cover 121 is convenient for extruding carbide in the reduction layer into the cooling layer to prevent coking, biomass charcoal obtained after cooling in the cooling layer is discharged from the discharge port 131 and collected, and it is worth noting that initial charge falls into the discharge port 131 and powder which is not carbonized is separately collected or discarded.
Preferably, the conical surface of the conical cover 121 is provided with spiral scraping grooves 124 along the conical helix thereof, the spiral scraping grooves 124 can be uniformly distributed around the axis of the conical cover 121, and when the conical cover 121 rotates, the material is scraped to the oblique lower side. As shown in the figure, the section of the spiral scraping trough 124 is gradually enlarged from top to bottom, so that the scraped materials can move downwards; when the conical cover 121 rotates, on one hand, the spiral scraping grooves 124 on the conical cover scrape off the carbide in the reduction layer by layer and discharge the carbide into the cooling layer along the inclined lower part to prevent coking, and on the other hand, each layer scraping enables the fuel gas mixed in the carbide to be quickly released and enter the gas channel 123, so that the fuel gas is fully and efficiently collected.
Preferably, a partition plate 107 for realizing the connection and disconnection of the extrusion opening 103 is transversely arranged at the extrusion opening 103 in a moving manner, and a second telescopic rod 108 for driving the partition plate 107 to move is arranged on the side wall of the shell 101. When the material passing channel 104 extrudes materials to the extrusion opening 103, the partition plate 107 is opened under the action of the second telescopic rod 108, and when the materials do not need to be extruded in the furnace, the partition plate 107 is closed under the action of the second telescopic rod 108, so that smoke is prevented from entering the material passing channel 104.
Under the action of the screw feeder, the wood chips and bamboo chip powder are extruded to the upper part of the raw material layer, and simultaneously under the action of the scraping plate 112, the upper part of the material is basically initially compacted without leaving gaps, so that the subsequent burning-out state in the burning process is prevented, and the gas production, carbonization and the like cannot be normally performed.
Preferably, a scraping plate 112 rotating around a vertical axis is further arranged in the upper furnace body 11, and when the scraping plate 112 rotates, a scraping surface inclined downwards on the scraping plate applies force downwards and scrapes the materials.
Preferably, the upper end of the middle furnace body 12 is screwed to the lower end of the upper furnace body 11 through a water sealing device, and the water sealing device comprises: the upper end of the middle furnace body 12 is provided with the annular liquid containing groove 15, the lower end of the upper furnace body 11 extends into the inner ring of the annular liquid containing groove 15, the periphery of the lower end of the upper furnace body 11 is provided with the annular partition plate 16, and the lower end of the annular partition plate 16 extends below the liquid level of the annular liquid containing groove 15; the lower end of the middle furnace body 12 is also screwed with the upper end of the lower furnace body 13 through a water sealing device, and the water sealing device comprises: the furnace body 13 comprises an annular liquid containing groove 15 and an annular partition plate 16, wherein the annular liquid containing groove 15 is arranged at the upper end of the lower furnace body 13, the lower end of the middle furnace body 12 extends into the inner ring of the annular liquid containing groove 15, the annular partition plate 16 is arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the middle furnace body 12, and the lower end of the annular partition plate 16 extends below the liquid level of the annular liquid containing groove 15. When the internal air pressure is abnormally increased, the water seal can play a role of rapid pressure relief, the safety is ensured, and a cooling role can also be played.
Preferably, the periphery of the upper furnace body 11 and the lower furnace body 13 is provided with a cooling water jacket 14. The cooling water jacket 14 is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe at intervals for cooling the furnace body.
Preferably, the crushing blades 524 are formed in a crescent shape, and a plurality of crushing blades are uniformly arranged around the rotating disk 522.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.

Claims (7)

1. A continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips is characterized by comprising the following steps: a gasification furnace (1), and a composite pulverization apparatus (5) for supplying a finely pulverized material to the gasification furnace (1);
the gasification furnace (1) comprises: an upper furnace body (11), a middle furnace body (12), and a lower furnace body (13);
the upper furnace body (11) and the lower furnace body (13) are fixed on the frame, a feed inlet (111) is arranged above the upper furnace body (11), and a discharge outlet (131) is arranged below the lower furnace body (13);
the middle furnace body (12) is arranged on the rack in a rotating way around a vertical shaft, the upper end of the middle furnace body (12) is connected to the lower end of the upper furnace body (11) in a rotating way, and the lower end of the middle furnace body (12) is connected to the upper end of the lower furnace body (13) in a rotating way; a conical cover (121) and a gas collecting pipe (122) are arranged in the middle furnace body (12), the conical cover (121) is fixedly connected in the middle furnace body (12), and a gas channel (123) for gas to enter the middle furnace body is arranged on the conical surface of the conical cover; one end of the gas collecting pipe (122) extends into the conical hood (121), and the other end of the gas collecting pipe extends out of the gasification furnace;
feed inlet (111) department still is equipped with material loading closing device, includes: the feeding device comprises a shell (101) positioned at the upper end of an upper furnace body (11) and a charging turntable (102) rotating around a vertical shaft in the shell (101), wherein the upper end of one side of the shell (101) is provided with a feeding hole (111), and the lower end of the other side of the shell is provided with a squeezing hole (103) penetrating into the upper furnace body (11); a material passing channel (104), a material pressing plate (105) right above the extrusion opening (103) and a first telescopic rod (106) which is arranged on the shell (101) and used for driving the material pressing plate (105) to move towards the extrusion opening (103) are arranged on the charging turntable (102) in a penetrating manner; the loading rotary disc (102) is rotated to the state that the material passing channel (104) is aligned with the material inlet (111) for loading materials; when the charging turntable (102) rotates to the material passing channel (104) to be aligned with the extrusion port (103), the first telescopic rod (106) pushes the material pressing plate (105) to move downwards to extrude the material in the material passing channel (104) into the upper furnace body (11);
the composite crushing apparatus (5) comprises: a sorting device (51), and a crushing device (52), the sorting device (51) comprising: a sorting shell (511), a sorting feed inlet (512) at the upper end and a sorting discharge outlet (513) at the lower end; a fan (514) is arranged on one side below the sorting feed port (512), a material distributing plate (515) is obliquely arranged on the other side, and a crushing roller (516) is oppositely arranged below the sorting feed port (512); the crushing device (52) comprises: a crushing shell (521), a rotating disc (522) which rotates around a horizontal shaft in the crushing shell (521), and a crushing motor (523) which drives the rotating disc (522) to rotate; the sorting discharge hole (513) is communicated with a feed hole at the upper side part of the crushing device (52); the rotary disc (522) is hinged with a crushing cutter (524), and a crushing screen (526) is arranged at a crushing discharge hole (525) below the crushing shell (521).
2. The continuous production equipment as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the conical surface of the conical cover (121) is provided with a spiral scraping groove (124) along the conical spiral line thereof, and the conical cover (121) scrapes the material obliquely downwards when rotating.
3. The continuous production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that a partition plate (107) for opening and closing the extrusion opening (103) is transversely movably arranged at the extrusion opening (103), and a second telescopic rod (108) for driving the partition plate (107) to move is arranged on the side wall of the shell (101).
4. The continuous production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that a scraping plate (112) rotating around a vertical shaft is arranged in the upper furnace body (11), and when the scraping plate (112) rotates, a scraping surface inclined downwards on the scraping plate applies force downwards and scrapes the materials.
5. Continuous production plant according to claim 1, characterised in that the upper end of the intermediate furnace (12) is screwed to the lower end of the upper furnace (11) by means of a water seal comprising: the furnace body comprises an annular liquid containing groove (15) and an annular partition plate (16), wherein the annular liquid containing groove (15) is arranged at the upper end of the middle furnace body (12), the lower end of the upper furnace body (11) extends into the inner ring of the annular liquid containing groove (15), the annular partition plate (16) is arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the upper furnace body (11), and the lower end of the annular partition plate (16) extends below the liquid level of the annular liquid containing groove (15); the lower end of the middle furnace body (12) is also screwed with the upper end of the lower furnace body (13) through a water sealing device, and the water sealing device comprises: the furnace body comprises an annular liquid containing groove (15) and an annular partition plate (16), wherein the annular liquid containing groove (15) is formed in the upper end of a lower furnace body (13), the lower end of a middle furnace body (12) extends into an inner ring of the annular liquid containing groove (15), the annular partition plate (16) is arranged on the periphery of the lower end of the middle furnace body (12), and the lower end of the annular partition plate (16) extends into the position below the liquid level of the annular liquid containing groove (15).
6. The continuous production equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the periphery of the upper furnace body (11) and the lower furnace body (13) is provided with a cooling water jacket (14).
7. Continuous production plant according to claim 1, characterised in that the shredding knives (524) are crescent-shaped and are arranged in a plurality of groups evenly distributed around the rotating disc (522).
CN202010841737.1A 2020-08-20 2020-08-20 Continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips Pending CN111876204A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112852448A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 常州安斯克节能科技有限公司 Biomass particle combustion dehydration carbonization treatment equipment and process
CN114058409A (en) * 2021-02-02 2022-02-18 长沙稻香农业科技有限公司 Method for preparing steam by using gas prepared from wood chips and bamboo chips in gas-fired boiler

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CN212316041U (en) * 2020-08-20 2021-01-08 长沙稻香农业科技有限公司 Continuous production equipment for preparing fuel gas and active carbon by using wood chips and bamboo chips

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JP2008063363A (en) * 2006-09-04 2008-03-21 Miike Iron Works Co Ltd Gasification furnace and gasification furnace system
CN208854827U (en) * 2018-06-22 2019-05-14 洪雅竹元科技有限公司 A kind of novel grinding device for bamboo
CN209584126U (en) * 2018-12-21 2019-11-05 广州环渝能源科技有限公司 A kind of dry type of good seal performance is slagged tap biomass gasifying furnace
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112852448A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 常州安斯克节能科技有限公司 Biomass particle combustion dehydration carbonization treatment equipment and process
CN114058409A (en) * 2021-02-02 2022-02-18 长沙稻香农业科技有限公司 Method for preparing steam by using gas prepared from wood chips and bamboo chips in gas-fired boiler
CN114058409B (en) * 2021-02-02 2024-10-18 长沙稻香农业科技有限公司 Method for preparing steam by using fuel gas prepared from wood chips and bamboo chips in fuel gas boiler

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