CN111875414A - High solar light reflectivity ceramic plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High solar light reflectivity ceramic plate and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
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- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
- C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
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- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C2205/00—Compositions applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes
- C03C2205/02—Compositions applicable for the manufacture of vitreous enamels or glazes for opaque enamels or glazes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ceramic plate with high solar light reflectivity and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: applying opaque glaze on the surface of the ceramic biscuit; printing patterns on the surface of the ceramic biscuit after the opacified glaze is applied in an ink-jet mode, wherein the gray level of the ink-jet printed patterns is below 40%; applying protective glaze on the surface of the biscuit after the pattern is printed by ink jet; firing the biscuit after applying the protective glaze to obtain the ceramic plate with high solar reflectance; wherein the content of a titanium sphene crystal phase in the phase composition of the opacified glaze after sintering is 18-22 wt%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building ceramics, and particularly relates to a ceramic plate with high solar light reflectivity and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the accelerated development of cities, the greening area is greatly compressed by the expansion of municipal buildings, and the reinforced concrete blocks easily absorb a large amount of heat, so that the heat island effect of the cities is caused. According to rough estimation, in summer, the temperature of the center of the city is 3-5 ℃ higher than the temperature of the periphery, which is particularly remarkable in the city in south China. In hot summer, the temperature of the urban center is high due to industrial production, resident activity and the like, and the urban heat island effect is further aggravated. The above steps are repeated in a circulating manner, so that not only is the energy consumption increased, but also the sustainable development is not facilitated.
The detection shows that the wavelength distribution range of the sunlight is 300nm-2500nm, and the sunlight comprises about 5% of ultraviolet light, 45% of visible light and 50% of near infrared light. The ultraviolet light has a large frequency, so that no obvious thermal effect is generated, and visible light and near infrared light can be mainly used for generating the obvious thermal effect. Light waves are reflected and refracted when being irradiated to the surface of an object, and in order to reduce the absorption of the object to the light waves, the reflectance of the object to the light waves needs to be improved as much as possible, and the absorption needs to be reduced. In China, the decorative material commonly used for building exterior walls is a building ceramic exterior wall tile. The architectural ceramics have the excellent characteristics of easy cleaning, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, long service cycle and the like, and particularly, the appearance of the ink-jet printing technology enables wide consumers to have a larger selection space in the aspect of color decoration of the building outer wall. Therefore, if the external wall tile can be endowed with higher reflectivity in visible light and near infrared bands, the absorption of the ceramic tile to heat can be reduced, the passive cooling of a building is realized, and the urban heat island effect is relieved to a certain extent. At present, the temperature is reduced by spraying heat insulation coating on the surface of building materials in most cases, but the coating has the problem of poor durability, and the coating can fall off and discolor after a long time of use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a ceramic plate with high solar reflectivity and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a ceramic plate with high solar reflectance, comprising:
applying opaque glaze on the surface of the ceramic biscuit;
printing patterns on the surface of the ceramic biscuit after the opacified glaze is applied in an ink-jet mode, wherein the gray level of the ink-jet printed patterns is below 40%;
applying protective glaze on the surface of the biscuit after the pattern is printed by ink jet;
firing the biscuit after applying the protective glaze to obtain the ceramic plate with high solar reflectance;
wherein the content of a titanium sphene crystal phase in the phase composition of the opacified glaze after sintering is 18-22 wt%.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the opacified glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：44～48％、Al2O3：19～21％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19％、CaO：10～14％、TiO2：8～12％、MgO：0.1～0.5％、K2O：2.4～2.6％、Na2O: 0.5-1.2% and loss on ignition of 1.0-1.5%.
Preferably, the opaque glaze is applied by glaze spraying, and the specific gravity of the opaque glaze is 1.5-1.55 g/cm3The glazing amount is 500-600 g/m2。
Preferably, the colorant used for the ink jet printed pattern is package red and/or lemon yellow. The coloring of red or lemon yellow is wrapped by the pigment because the reflection ratio of sunlight is influenced by absorbing part of sunlight. The main component of the coating red is zirconium silicate coated cadmium sulfoselenide, and the main component of the lemon yellow is praseodymium oxide doped zirconium silicate. Since the refractive index of zirconium silicate is about 2.0, the red and/or lemon yellow coated with the coloring material can offset the reduction of the solar reflectance caused by the coloring material to a certain extent.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52％、Al2O3：15～20％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19％、CaO：3％～5％、MgO：2％～4％、K2O：2.5～5％、Na2O: 0.5-1.2%, BaO 1-3%, ZnO: 2-5% and 0.4-0.8% of loss on ignition.
Preferably, the firing temperature of the protective glaze is 1130-1220 ℃.
Preferably, the glossiness of the protective glaze is 8-15 degrees.
Preferably, the protective glaze is applied in a glaze spraying mode, and the specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1-1.3g/cm3The glazing amount is 250-300g/m2。
Preferably, the maximum firing temperature is 1150-1220 ℃, and the firing time is 60-70 min.
In a second aspect, the present invention also provides a ceramic plate with high solar reflectance obtained by any one of the above-mentioned preparation methods. The solar light reflectivity is 0.5-0.95. The ceramic plate has the specification of 600-900mm long, 1200-1800mm wide and 10.5-13.5mm high. For example, the ceramic plate has a length and width of 600mm × 900mm and 600mm × 1200mm, and a thickness of 10.5mm and 13.5 mm.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the thermal reflectance of a high solar reflectance ceramic plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of a high solar reflectance ceramic plate according to an embodiment of the present invention after firing with an opacified glaze;
fig. 3 is an XRD chart after firing the opaque glaze of the ceramic plate with high solar reflectance according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of, and not restrictive on, the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, each percentage means a mass percentage.
The following is an exemplary description of the method for preparing the ceramic plate having high solar reflectance according to the present invention.
And (4) preparing a biscuit. And pressing and molding the blank powder to obtain a biscuit. The composition of the green body powder is not limited, and ceramic plate green body powder conventional in the field can be adopted. For example, the chemical composition of the green body powder comprises, in mass percent, SiO2：62.3～67.12％、Al2O3：18.93～20.25％、Fe2O3：0.85～1.31％、TiO2：0.18～0.42％、CaO：0.38～0.55％、MgO：0.43～0.62％、K2O：2.5～3.2％、Na2O: 2.03-2.2%, loss on ignition: 3.8 to 4.2 percent.
The biscuit is dried. The drying time can be 1-1.5 h. The water content of the dried biscuit is controlled to be 0.5-0.8 wt%.
And applying opaque glaze on the surface of the dried biscuit. The opacified glaze comprises the following raw materials: by mass, 8-12% of titanium frit, 8-10% of titanium dioxide, 18-24% of calcite, 19-30% of potassium feldspar, 15-20% of quartz, 5-10% of calcined soil and 12-16% of kaolin.
Wherein the molar ratio of calcium to titanium of the opacified glaze is 1.6-2.2. By controlling the molar ratio of calcium to titanium in the opacified glaze within the range, titanium dioxide and calcite in the opacified glaze can be promoted to react to generate titanium sphene in the sintering process, and the condition that the titanium dioxide exists in a rutile crystal phase at high temperature to cause the glaze to turn yellow is avoided. When the molar ratio of calcium to titanium of the opacified glaze exceeds 2.2, the lowest eutectic point of the glaze composition of the opacified glaze is lower due to the higher calcium content in the opacified glaze, the melting temperature range becomes narrow, and defects such as glaze pinholes, miliaria and the like are easily generated.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the titanium frit to the titanium dioxide is 0.8-1.5. The mass ratio of the titanium frit to the titanium dioxide is within the above range, so that the opacifying performance (high whiteness and low yellow tone) of the opacifying glaze can be ensured, and the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze can be improved, thereby improving the flatness of the glaze surface.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the titanium frit comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：52～55％、Al2O3：7～11％、CaO：15～19％、TiO2：8～11％、Fe2O3：0.08～0.17％、MgO：2.05～3.5％、K2O：3.2～4.7％、Na2O：0.8～2.5％、P2O50.22～0.55％。
Preferably, the melting temperature of the opacified glaze is 1150-1220 ℃.
And (3) precipitating nano titanic sphene crystal grains from the titanium frit in the opacified glaze at a high temperature (about 920-950 ℃), and inducing the titanium dioxide and calcite to react to generate a titanic sphene crystal phase by taking the nano titanic sphene crystal grains as seed crystals. The reason why the titanium frit precipitates to form nano-titanium sphene crystal grains is that the opacified glaze is not yet melted in the above temperature range, so that the titanium dioxide and calcite do not sufficiently react, and the titanium frit begins to precipitate titanium sphene crystals at the temperature. The grain size of the titanium sphene crystal phase may be 450 to 600nm (as shown in fig. 2). The grain diameter of the crystal phase of the titanic sphene is within a visible light range, and according to a scattering theory, the grain diameter has the strongest scattering effect within the visible light wavelength range.
The content of a titanium sphene crystal phase in a phase composition of the opacified glaze after sintering is 18-22 wt%. The content of the titanium sphene crystal phase is related to the usage amount of titanium dioxide and titanium frit which are used as the raw materials of the opacified glaze. By using the opacified glaze composed of the raw materials, the glaze can be TiO2The content of the active ingredients is controlled to be about 8-12%. When TiO is in glaze2When the content of titanium sphene is less than 8%, the generated titanium sphene has low crystalline phase content, insufficient opacification degree and low whiteness; when TiO is in glaze2When the content of (2) is more than 12%, the content of titanium dioxide in the glaze is too high, so that a certain content of TiO is remained on the glaze surface after firing2Resulting in yellowing of the glaze. The phase composition of the sintered opacified glaze comprises 0.45-0.57% by mass of quartz, 1.0-1.2% by mass of perovskite and the balance of amorphous phase (as shown in fig. 3) besides the titanium sphene crystal phase.
In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the opacified glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：44～48％、Al2O3：19～21％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19％、CaO：10～14％、TiO2：8～12％、MgO：0.1～0.5％、K2O：2.4～2.6％、Na2O: 0.5-1.2% and loss on ignition of 1.0-1.5%.
When titanium frit is not included in the raw materials of the opacified glaze and titanium titanite serving as an opacifier is generated only by reacting titanium dioxide, calcite and the like, the molar ratio of calcium to titanium is controlled to be 1.8-2.5, and the whiteness of the glaze surface is good. However, in this case, the glaze surface will have a yellowish hue, and the b value (representing the yellowish hue) in the Lab value of the opaque glaze is 3.5 to 6.5. At the moment, the content of titanium titanite crystal grains generated by the reaction of titanium dioxide and calcite is 8-11 wt%. This is because, when the titanium opacified glaze is prepared by simply using the raw glaze (titanium dioxide powder), titanium dioxide and calcite do not react sufficiently, the content of the generated titanium sphene is small, and the residual titanium dioxide on the glaze surface has a small amount of yellow hue due to the strong coloring ability of titanium dioxide.
When titanium dioxide is not included in the raw materials of the opacified glaze and only titanium sphene precipitated from the titanium frit is used as the opacifier, the content of the generated titanium sphene is 10-12 wt%. And because the melting temperature of the titanium frit is lower, the generated titanium sphene crystal grains are gradually dissolved along with the temperature rise, so that the reflection effect of the glaze surface is influenced, and the b value in the Lab value of the opaque glaze is between 2.5 and 4, and the yellow tone is obvious. In addition, in the absence of titanium dioxide (green glaze), since the melting temperature range of the titanium frit is low, when a proper amount of the titanium frit is added, the titanium frit reacts with other raw materials, resulting in a change in the composition of titanium sphene. For example, calcium oxide in the titanium frit preferentially reacts with quartz or alumina to form anorthite as the temperature increases, and the content of anorthite increases as the temperature increases.
The opacified glaze combines the raw glaze (titanium dioxide) and the titanium frit, the titanium frit is lower in temperature, the improvement of the high-temperature fluidity of the glaze is facilitated, in addition, the titanium frit can precipitate titanium sphene in the process of temperature rise, the titanium dioxide and calcite in the raw glaze are induced to fully react to generate the titanium sphene, and the content of the titanium dioxide in the opacified glaze after sintering is reduced as much as possible (as shown in figure 3, no crystalline phase of the titanium dioxide is detected in an XRD (X-ray diffraction) diagram). That is, the titanium frit of the present invention may act as a solvent and a seed crystal to promote the formation of titanite from titania and calcite.
The preparation method comprises the following steps: ball-milling and mixing the raw materials of the opaque glaze, controlling the screen residue of 325 meshes to be 0.5-0.8 wt% and the iron content to be 0.15-0.3 wt%, and discharging the slurry to obtain the opaque glaze with high solar reflectance.
The opaque glaze can be applied by spraying glaze. The specific gravity of the opaque glaze can be 1.5-1.55 g/cm3The glazing amount can be 500-600 g/m2. The sunlight is transmitted, scattered and reflected when being irradiated into the glaze surface, the reasonable control of the thickness of the glaze layer is beneficial to reducing the intensity of the transmitted light and enhancing the intensity of the scattered light, thereby achieving the effect of improving the sunlight reflection ratio. In some embodiments, the opaque glaze forms a glaze layer with a thickness of 0.15-0.3 mm.
And (4) carrying out ink-jet printing on the surface of the biscuit after the opacified glaze is applied.
The opaque glaze has high reflectivity in visible light and near infrared bands, so theoretically, a pure white ceramic surface usually has high reflectivity, but in order to achieve a certain decorative effect, a design pattern is usually required to be printed on the surface of a biscuit in an ink-jet mode. Traditional ink jet colors include black, red brown, encapsulated red, blue, yellow, orange, and the like. The pigment absorbs other color lights due to reflecting the color, so that the reflection of sunlight by the ceramic plate decorated by ink jet is weakened. For example, black absorbs all the colored light, and the solar reflectance drops sharply.
Preferably, when the ink-jet colorant is coated red and/or lemon yellow, the reflectance is not impaired. The main components of the coating red and the lemon yellow are respectively zirconium silicate coated cadmium sulfoselenide and praseodymium doped zirconium silicate, the refractive index of the zirconium silicate is 2.0, and the reflectivity of the zirconium silicate to sunlight is high. In addition, the packaged red and lemon yellow have lower reflectivity in a visible light band, but have higher reflectivity in a near infrared band.
The gradation of the ink jet pattern is controlled to 40% or less. Further preferably, the gradation of the ink-jet pattern is 10 to 20%. When the gradation of the inkjet pattern is 40% or more, the gradation is high, the glaze surface is occupied by a large number of colored particles, and the colored particles absorb a large amount of visible light to cause the reflectance to be attenuated as a whole.
And applying a protective glaze on the surface of the biscuit after the pattern is printed by ink jet.
The protective glaze is preferably a matte glaze. The main reason why the matte glaze is selected as the protective glaze is that the transparency of the matte glaze is low, so that part of light rays can be prevented from being transmitted, and the rest of light rays penetrating through the glaze surface can be reflected by the opaque glaze on the bottom layer. The gloss of the matte glaze can be 8-15 degrees. When the glossiness of the protective glaze is above 15-30 degrees, the surface of the glaze (bright glaze) is provided with a large number of transparent glass mediums, most of light can penetrate through the glass mediums or be absorbed by the glass mediums, and the reflectivity is reduced. The reason is that the higher the glossiness of the glaze surface is, most of the light can penetrate through the glaze surface or be absorbed by the glaze surface, the absorption intensity and the transmission intensity are increased, the reflection intensity is weakened, and the sunlight reflection ratio of the glaze surface is lower. The firing temperature range of the matte glaze can be controlled to be 1130-1220 ℃.
As an example, the chemical composition of the matte glaze may include, in mass percent, SiO2：43～52％、Al2O3：15～20％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19％、CaO：3％～5％、MgO：2％～4％、K2O：2.5～5％、Na2O: 0.5-1.2%, BaO 1-3%, ZnO: 2-5% and 0.4-0.8% of loss on ignition. The protective glaze plays a role of antifouling on one hand, and reduces transmitted light on the other hand.
The protective glaze can be applied by spraying glaze. The specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1-1.3g/cm3The glazing amount is 250-300g/m2。
And firing the biscuit after applying the protective glaze to obtain the ceramic plate with higher reflectivity in visible light and near infrared bands. The maximum firing temperature is 1150-1220 ℃, preferably 1180-1220 ℃, and the firing time is 60-70 min.
The glaze L value of the ceramic plate with high solar reflectance is 75-95, the solar reflectance (also called as "solar reflectance") is 0.5-0.95 (as shown in figure 1), preferably is more than 075, and the whiteness can reach 70-80 degrees.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Example 1
A method of making a high solar reflectance ceramic plate comprising:
step 1, preparing the opaque glaze according to the formula: the opacified glaze comprises the following raw materials: the ceramic material comprises, by mass, 20% of potash feldspar, 12% of titanium frit, 8% of titanium dioxide, 24% of calcite, 15% of quartz, 9% of calcined soil and 12% of kaolin. 0.02 percent of cobalt aluminate is added into the opacified glaze. After ball milling and mixing of the raw materials, controlling the residual content of 325-mesh sieve to be 0.5 wt% and the iron content to be 0.3 wt%, and discharging the slurry to obtain the opaque glaze with high solar reflectance;
step 2, forming the blank powder to obtain a biscuit;
step 3, spraying opaque glaze on the surface of the biscuit, wherein the specific gravity of the opaque glaze is 1.5g/cm3The glazing amount is 600g/m2(ii) a The chemical composition of the opaque glaze is as follows: by mass percent, SiO248％、Al2O321％、Fe2O30.05％、CaO 14％、TiO210％、MgO0.3％、K2O 2.6％、Na21.2 percent of O and 1.0 percent of loss on ignition;
step 4, ink-jet printing patterns with different colors on the surface of the biscuit after the opacified glaze is sprayed, and controlling the gray level to be below 40%;
step 5, spraying a bright protective glaze on the surface of the biscuit after the red pattern is printed by ink jet, wherein the specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1.3g/cm3The glazing amount is 300g/m2(ii) a The chemical composition of the bright light protection glaze is as follows: SiO 22：45～50％、Al2O3：13～15％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.16％、CaO：5％～10％、MgO：2％～4％、K2O：4～6％、Na2O: 1.5 to 3.1%, BaO 8.3 to 11.2%, ZnO: 2-5% of the total weight, and 0.4-0.8% of the loss due to ignition; the glossiness of the bright protection glaze is 40-60 degrees;
and 6, firing the biscuit sprayed with the protective glaze in a kiln at the maximum firing temperature of 1150 ℃ for 60min to obtain the ceramic plate with high heat reflectivity.
And testing the heat insulation effect of the ceramic plates with different colors printed by ink jet. The surface of the ceramic plate was irradiated with a solar lamp, the temperature of the back surface of the ceramic plate was measured with a sensor, the temperature of the back surface of the ordinary ceramic plate was used as a control, and the temperature of the back surface of the high heat reflection ceramic plate was subtracted from the temperature of the back surface of the ordinary ceramic plate and labeled as Δ T. The test results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 example 1 test table for the thermal insulation effect of ceramic plates obtained by ink-jet printing of different colors
| Black color | Yellow colour | Blue color | Red palm | Wrapping red | |
| △T(℃) | 0.1 | 2.7 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 3.2 |
The higher the solar reflectance of the ceramic plate, the less heat it absorbs and the better the thermal insulation of the ceramic plate. As can be seen from table 1, the higher Δ T when the ink jet printing color is package red, which indicates that the solar reflection performance of the ceramic plate is the best at this time.
Example 2
A method of making a high solar reflectance ceramic plate comprising:
step 1, preparing the opaque glaze according to the formula: the opacified glaze comprises the following raw materials: the ceramic material comprises, by mass, 20% of potash feldspar, 12% of titanium frit, 8% of titanium dioxide, 24% of calcite, 15% of quartz, 9% of calcined soil and 12% of kaolin. 0.02 percent of cobalt aluminate is added into the opacified glaze. After ball milling and mixing of the raw materials, controlling the residual content of 325-mesh sieve to be 0.5 wt% and the iron content to be 0.3 wt%, and discharging the slurry to obtain the opaque glaze with high solar reflectance;
step 2, forming the blank powder to obtain a biscuit;
step 3, spraying opaque glaze on the surface of the biscuit, wherein the specific gravity of the opaque glaze is 1.5g/cm3The glazing amount is 600g/m2(ii) a The chemical composition of the opaque glaze is as follows: by mass percent, SiO248％、Al2O321％、Fe2O30.05％、CaO 14％、TiO210％、MgO0.3％、K2O 2.6％、Na21.2 percent of O and 1.0 percent of loss on ignition;
step 4, printing yellow lemon yellow patterns on the surface of the biscuit sprayed with the opacified glaze in an ink-jet mode, and controlling the gray level to be below 40%;
step 5, spraying matte protective glaze on the surface of the biscuit after the red pattern is printed by ink jet, wherein the specific gravity of the protective glaze is 1.3g/cm3The glazing amount is 300g/m2(ii) a The chemical composition of the matte protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52％、Al2O3：15～20％、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19％、CaO：3％～5％、MgO：2％～4％、K2O：2.5～5％、Na2O: 0.5-1.2%, BaO: 1-3%, ZnO: 2-5% of the total weight, and 0.4-0.8% of the loss due to ignition;
and 6, firing the biscuit sprayed with the protective glaze in a kiln at the maximum firing temperature of 1150 ℃ for 60min to obtain the ceramic plate with high heat reflectivity.
And testing the heat insulation effect of the ceramic plate sprayed with different protective glazes. The surface of the ceramic plate was irradiated with a solar lamp, the temperature of the back surface of the ceramic plate was measured with a sensor, the temperature of the back surface of the ordinary ceramic plate was used as a control, and the temperature of the back surface of the high heat reflection ceramic plate was subtracted from the temperature of the back surface of the ordinary ceramic plate and labeled as Δ T. The test results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 example 2 test table for the thermal insulation effect of ceramic plates sprayed with different protective glazes
| Matte protective glaze | Bright protection glaze | |
| △T | 4.5 | 2.7 |
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the ceramic plate with high solar reflectance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
applying opaque glaze on the surface of the ceramic biscuit;
printing patterns on the surface of the ceramic biscuit after the opacified glaze is applied in an ink-jet mode, wherein the gray level of the ink-jet printed patterns is below 40%;
applying protective glaze on the surface of the biscuit after the pattern is printed by ink jet;
firing the biscuit after applying the protective glaze to obtain the ceramic plate with high solar reflectance;
wherein the content of a titanium sphene crystal phase in the phase composition of the opacified glaze after sintering is 18-22 wt%.
2. The method for preparing the opacified glaze according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the opacified glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：44～48%、Al2O3：19～21%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19%、CaO：10～14%、TiO2：8～12%、MgO：0.1～0.5%、K2O：2.4～2.6%、Na2O: 0.5-1.2% and loss on ignition of 1.0-1.5%.
3. The preparation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opaque glaze is applied by glaze spraying and has a specific gravity of 1.5-1.55 g/cm3The glazing amount is 500-600 g/m2。
4. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the colorant for inkjet-printed patterns is package red and/or lemon yellow.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the chemical composition of the protective glaze comprises: by mass percent, SiO2：43～52%、Al2O3：15～20%、Fe2O3：0.05～0.19%、CaO：3%～5%、MgO：2%～4%、K2O：2.5～5%、Na2O: 0.5-1.2%, BaO 1-3%, ZnO: 2-5% and 0.4-0.8% of loss on ignition.
6. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the firing temperature of the protective glaze is 1130 to 1220 ℃.
7. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the gloss of the protective glaze is 8 to 15 °.
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the protective glaze is applied by spraying glaze and has a specific gravity of 1 to 1.3g/cm3The glazing amount is 250-300g/m2。
9. The production method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1150 to 1220 ℃ and the firing time is 60 to 70 min.
10. The ceramic plate with high solar reflectance obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the ceramic plate has a specification of 600-900mm in length, 1200-1800mm in width, 10.5-13.5mm in height, and 0.5-0.95 in solar reflectance.
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