CN111872402A - Method for producing wet-grinding iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag - Google Patents
Method for producing wet-grinding iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
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- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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- B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/16—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes
- B22F9/18—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds
- B22F9/20—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds
- B22F9/22—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using chemical processes with reduction of metal compounds starting from solid metal compounds using gaseous reductors
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- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/04—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from solid material, e.g. by crushing, grinding or milling
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag, which takes the iron-containing smelting slag as a raw material, and produces the wet-milled iron powder with total iron TFe more than or equal to 92 percent and metallic iron MFe more than or equal to 85 percent through processes of multi-pass wet milling, drying, dry separation and the like, and can be applied to the fields of reducing agents for chemical industry, core-spun yarns for metallurgy and the like; the main by-product tail mud can be used as raw material for sintering ore blending and cement clinker. Wet-milled iron powder is used as a raw material, and the reduced iron powder with total iron TFe of more than or equal to 98 percent is produced by processes of fine reduction, crushing, dry separation, batch combination and the like, and can be applied to the fields of welding materials, non-ferrous metal smelting and the like. The production method has the advantages of high production efficiency, high recovery rate, high added value of products, no discharge of three wastes and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of iron extraction and utilization of smelting slag, and particularly relates to a method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag.
Background
Traditional lead-zinc smelting plants, iron and steel plants and the like pay more attention to the recovery of heavy metals and nonferrous metals in smelting slag, and smelting slag with high iron content is usually treated by methods such as open-air stacking, low-price takeout and the like, so that secondary pollution and resource waste are caused. At present, converter sludge is industrially used for producing iron powder for chemical industry, iron scale or iron concentrate powder is used for producing reduced iron powder for powder metallurgy and welding materials, and iron-containing smelting slag is used for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder, so that the utilization of the smelting slag resource can be maximized and the preparation method of the iron powder is beneficially supplemented.
The prior known patent method, for example, chinese patent publication No. CN 110180674 a discloses a process for preparing reduced iron powder and silver concentrate from zinc kiln slag, which uses certain zinc kiln slag as a raw material, and performs ball milling, ultrasonic treatment, flotation and other treatments to obtain coarse iron powder and the like, and the coarse iron powder is subjected to ball milling, ultrasonic treatment, magnetic separation and other treatments to obtain reduced iron powder, although the recovery rate is high, the production efficiency is not high, and the coarse separation uses various reagents, which increases the difficulty and cost of sewage treatment; chinese patent publication No. CN 106319209 a discloses a process for extracting iron from lead-zinc slag processed by a rotary hearth furnace, which mainly comprises the steps of blending, briquetting, direct reduction by the rotary hearth furnace, ore grinding and magnetic separation, etc., although metal iron can be effectively extracted, various additives are required to be added, and the equipment investment is large; chinese patent publication No. CN 107470016B discloses a method for preparing chemical iron powder from zinc kiln slag as a raw material, which mainly comprises the processes of raw material preparation, grinding, drying, dry separation and the like, and the method requires repeated shaking table reselection, resulting in lower production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of low effective utilization rate, low production efficiency, low product added value and the like of the iron-containing smelting slag at present, the invention provides a method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using the iron-containing smelting slag, which can better and comprehensively solve the problems.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the problems is as follows:
a method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag comprises the following steps:
(1) multi-pass wet grinding and selecting: feeding the iron-containing smelting slag raw material into a barrel type ball mill and a spiral sorting machine in sequence for wet ball milling and gravity classification respectively, sinking the material with the density being heavier than that of water onto a spiral push rod, feeding the material into the next wet ball milling and gravity classification, dispersing the material with the density being not more than that of water in water, and filtering to obtain a main byproduct tail mud;
(2) drying: drying the wet material with high specific gravity obtained in the step (1) to obtain powder;
(3) dry separation: screening and magnetically separating the powder dried in the step (2) in sequence to obtain wet-milled iron powder;
(4) fine reduction: putting the wet-milled iron powder obtained in the step (3) into a reducing furnace for fine reduction to obtain hardened iron powder blocks;
(5) crushing: crushing the hardened iron powder blocks obtained in the step (4);
(6) dry separation: screening and magnetically separating the powder obtained in the step (5) in sequence;
(7) batching: and (4) feeding the powder obtained after the magnetic separation in the step (6) into a mixer for batching to obtain the reduced iron powder.
According to the scheme, the range of the iron-containing smelting slag comprises nonferrous metal smelting slag such as lead and zinc, iron-making and zinc-making kiln slag of a blast furnace and the like, and the content of metal (simple substance) iron in the smelting slag is generally required to be more than or equal to 20%.
According to the scheme, in the step (1), the total times of wet ball milling and gravity classification are generally 3-6 times, and grinding and selecting equipment rooms (namely, a barrel ball mill and a spiral sorting machine) can be connected in series to realize continuous operation; in the wet ball milling process, the ball milling medium is industrial water, the diameter of a grinding ball is 5-15mm, the ball-material ratio is 3-5:1, and the grinding time is 30-50 min.
According to the scheme, in the step (1), the main byproduct tail mud can be used as raw materials of sintering ore blending and cement clinker and the like.
According to the scheme, in the step (2), the drying temperature is 350-550 ℃.
According to the scheme, in the step (3), the mesh number of the screen mesh adopted for screening is 20-100 meshes, the magnetic field intensity of magnetic separation is 150-400mT, the main purpose of dry separation is to remove coarse particles and impurities, the obtained wet-milled iron powder meets the conditions that the TFe of total iron is more than or equal to 92 percent, the MFe of metal iron is more than or equal to 85 percent, and the wet-milled iron powder can be applied to the fields of reducing agents for chemical engineering, core-spun yarns for metallurgy and the like.
According to the scheme, in the step (4), the reduction furnace is a steel belt type reduction furnace, the reduction temperature is 850-950 ℃, the reduction atmosphere is pure hydrogen or ammonia decomposition hydrogen, and the gas flow is 30-80m3The feed rate is 0.5-2 ton/hr.
According to the scheme, in the step (5), the plate-shaped iron powder blocks are crushed, and dust generated in the crushing process is collected by a dust collector to form byproduct dust removal ash which can be used as sintering ore blending.
According to the scheme, in the step (6), the mesh number of the screen adopted for screening is 20-200 meshes, the magnetic field intensity for magnetic separation is 100-300mT, and the purpose of magnetic separation is to further remove impurities.
According to the scheme, the reduced iron powder obtained in the step (7) meets the condition that TFe of the total iron is more than or equal to 98 percent, and can be applied to the fields of welding materials, non-ferrous metal smelting and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention has low requirement on the iron grade of the raw materials, and main and auxiliary products can be fully applied, thereby improving the effective utilization rate of the raw materials; the materials on the surfaces of the particles are stripped by adopting wet ball milling, and the materials on the surfaces of the particles and the core materials are efficiently separated by adopting a gravity grading method of a spiral sorting machine, so that various additives are not needed, continuous production operation is realized, and the production efficiency is greatly improved; compared with the prior method, the main products of wet grinding iron powder and reduced iron powder have higher iron grade and better stability, thus the product has higher selling price and higher added value.
2. The method has high product recovery rate, the main products are wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder with different grades, and the byproducts comprise tail mud generated by wet purification and fly ash generated by dry purification; the product has high added value and wide application field, the main product extends from the original fields of ore blending, chemical raw materials and the like to the fields of core-spun yarns for iron and steel smelting, welding materials, non-ferrous metal smelting and the like, and the by-products can be used as raw materials of building materials and sintering ore blending;
3. the iron-containing smelting slag adopted by the invention has wide raw material sources, and comprises nonferrous metal smelting slag such as lead and zinc, iron and steel smelting slag such as blast furnace iron-making zinc kiln slag and the like, and the iron and steel smelting slag is relatively easy to obtain and is cheap;
4. the method has the advantages of environment-friendly production, no discharge of three wastes such as solid waste, liquid waste, gas waste and the like in the whole production process; meanwhile, the method has the advantages of relatively simple process, high production efficiency, good economic benefit and the like, so that the popularization and application values are high.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of example 2.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag, which comprises the following steps:
(1) multi-pass wet grinding and selecting: the iron-containing smelting slag raw materials are sequentially sent into a barrel type ball mill and a spiral sorting machine to be subjected to wet ball milling and gravity classification respectively, and then are sequentially sent into the next wet milling and classification, and milling and sorting equipment are connected in series, so that continuous operation can be realized. Wherein the range of the iron-containing smelting slag comprises nonferrous metal smelting slag such as lead and zinc, iron and steel smelting slag such as blast furnace iron-making zinc kiln slag, and the content of metal (simple substance) iron in the smelting slag is required to be more than or equal to 20% from the aspect of economic benefit; the ball milling medium is industrial water, the diameter of a grinding ball is 5-15mm, the ball-material ratio is 3-5:1, and the grinding time is 30-50 min; the total number of wet milling-classification passes is generally 3-6; when the raw materials are subjected to wet ball milling, the surface layer and the core part of the particles are stripped and separated to form materials with low specific gravity and materials with high specific gravity respectively, the materials are sent into a spiral sorting machine, the material dispersion water with low specific gravity in the spiral sorting machine of each pass is pumped into a sedimentation tank, and a byproduct of tail mud is obtained by filtering, and the tail mud can be used as raw materials for sintering ore blending and cement clinker; sinking the material with high specific gravity onto the spiral push rod and sending the material to the next wet ball milling and gravity grading;
(2) drying: and (2) delivering the wet material with high specific gravity selected by the multi-pass wet grinding in the step (1) into a kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 350-550 ℃.
(3) Dry separation: and (3) sequentially screening the powder dried in the step (2) (the mesh number of the screen is 20-100 meshes), magnetically separating (the magnetic field intensity is 150-400mT), and respectively removing coarse particles and impurities to obtain wet-milled iron powder with total iron TFe of more than or equal to 92% and metal iron MFe of more than or equal to 85%, wherein the wet-milled iron powder can be applied to the fields of reducing agents for chemical engineering, core-spun yarns for metallurgy and the like.
(4) Fine reduction: and (3) putting the iron powder for reduction obtained in the step (3) into a steel belt type reduction furnace for fine reduction, wherein the reduction temperature is 850-950 ℃, the reduction atmosphere is pure hydrogen or ammonia decomposition hydrogen, the gas flow is 30-80m3/hr, and the feeding speed is 0.5-2 ton/h.
(5) Crushing: and (4) crushing the hardened iron powder blocks obtained in the step (4), and collecting dust generated in the crushing process by a dust collector to form a byproduct of fly ash which can be used as sintering ore blending.
(6) Dry separation: and (4) sequentially screening and magnetically separating the powder obtained in the step (5), wherein the mesh number of the screen is 20-200 meshes, and the magnetic field intensity is 100-300 mT.
(7) Batching: and (4) feeding the powder obtained after the magnetic separation in the step (6) into a mixer for mixing and batching to obtain reduced iron powder with total iron TFe of more than or equal to 98%, and the reduced iron powder can be applied to the fields of welding materials, non-ferrous metal smelting and the like.
In the following examples, total iron and metallic iron were measured according to the specification of potassium dichromate titration method, which is a measurement of the iron content in GB/T223 · 7 iron powder.
Example 1
A method for producing wet-grinding iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag comprises the following specific steps:
selecting certain zinc kiln slag as a raw material, wherein the main components comprise 37% of total iron and 25% of metallic iron; then carrying out continuous wet ball milling, wherein the ball milling medium is industrial water, the diameter of a grinding ball is 10mm, the ball-to-material ratio is 5:1, and the grinding time is 50 min; then, gravity grading is carried out, materials with the density being heavier than that of water sink to a spiral push rod and are sent to the next wet ball milling and gravity grading, materials with the density being not more than that of water are dispersed in water, and main by-product tail mud is obtained through filtering; feeding the material which is subjected to the 4 th-pass ball milling and gravity separation and has the density heavier than that of water into a kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 450 ℃; and (3) sequentially feeding the dried powder into a rotary vibration sieve, a magnetic separator for sieving (the mesh number of the sieve is 20 meshes) and magnetic separation (the magnetic field intensity is 300mT), and removing coarse particles and impurities to obtain the wet-grinding iron powder.
Through detection, the obtained wet-grinding iron powder has 92.5% of total iron and 85.8% of metal iron, and can be used as a chemical metal reducing agent.
In addition, the materials with low specific gravity in the spiral sorting machine of each pass are pumped into the sediment, and the by-product tail mud is obtained through filtration and can be used as the raw material of cement clinker.
Example 2
A method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting certain lead-zinc smelting slag as a raw material, wherein the main component of the lead-zinc smelting slag is 51 percent of total iron; then carrying out continuous wet ball milling, wherein the ball milling medium is industrial water, the diameter of a grinding ball is 10mm, the ball-to-material ratio is 4:1, and the grinding time is 40 min; then, gravity grading is carried out, materials with the density being heavier than that of water sink to a spiral push rod and are sent to the next wet ball milling and gravity grading, materials with the density being not more than that of water are dispersed in water, and main by-product tail mud is obtained through filtering; feeding the material which is subjected to the 5 th-pass ball milling and has the density heavier than that of water into a kiln for drying, wherein the drying temperature is 470 ℃; and (3) sequentially feeding the dried powder into a rotary vibration sieve and a magnetic separator for sieving and magnetic separation, wherein the mesh number of the sieve is 40 meshes, and the magnetic field intensity is 400mT, removing coarse particles and impurities to obtain wet-milled iron powder, and detecting that the total iron content is 95.5% and the metal iron content is 90.5%.
(2) The obtained wet-milled iron powder is sent into a steel belt type reducing furnace for fine reduction, the reducing temperature is 950 ℃, and the reducing atmosphere is pure hydrogen: (Purity 99%) and hydrogen flow rate 70m3Hr, feed rate 0.75 ton/hr; and crushing the plate-shaped iron powder blocks (wherein dust generated in the crushing process is collected by a dust collector to form byproduct fly ash which can be used as sintering ore blending), screening the crushed powder (80-mesh screen), magnetically separating (magnetic field intensity is 260mT), and combining to obtain reduced iron powder, wherein the content of total iron is 98.05% by detection, and the reduced iron powder can be applied to the non-ferrous metal smelting industry.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, many modifications and changes can be made without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, and these modifications and changes are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing wet-grinding iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) multi-pass wet grinding and selecting: feeding the iron-containing smelting slag raw material into a ball mill and a spiral sorting machine in sequence for wet ball milling and gravity classification respectively, sinking the material with the density heavier than water onto a spiral push rod, feeding the material into the next wet ball milling and gravity classification, dispersing the material with the density not greater than water in water, and filtering to obtain a main byproduct tail mud;
(2) drying: drying the material with high specific gravity obtained in the step (1) to obtain powder;
(3) dry separation: and (3) sequentially screening and magnetically separating the powder dried in the step (2) to obtain wet-milled iron powder with total iron TFe of more than or equal to 92% and metal iron MFe of more than or equal to 85%.
2. The method for producing wet-milled iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein the range of the iron-containing smelting slag comprises non-ferrous metal smelting slag and steel smelting slag, and the content of elemental metal in the smelting slag is required to be more than or equal to 20%.
3. The method for producing wet-milled iron powder using iron-containing smelting slag according to claim 1, wherein the total number of wet ball milling and gravity classification in the step (1) is generally 3 to 6 times; in the wet ball milling process, the ball milling medium is water, the diameter of a grinding ball is 5-15mm, the ball-material ratio is 3-5:1, and the grinding time is 30-50 min.
4. The method for producing wet-milled iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag according to claim 1, characterized in that in the step (2), the drying temperature is 350-550 ℃; in the step (3), the sieving mesh number is 20-100 meshes, and the magnetic separation strength is 150-400 mT.
5. A method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder by using iron-containing smelting slag is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) multi-pass wet grinding and selecting: feeding the iron-containing smelting slag raw material into a ball mill and a sorting machine in sequence for wet ball milling and gravity classification respectively, sinking the material with the density heavier than water onto a spiral push rod, feeding the material into the next wet ball milling and gravity classification, dispersing the material with the density not greater than water in water, and filtering to obtain a main byproduct tail mud;
(2) drying: drying the wet material with high specific gravity obtained in the step (1) to obtain powder;
(3) dry separation: screening and magnetically separating the powder dried in the step (2) in sequence to obtain wet-milled iron powder with total iron TFe of more than or equal to 92% and metal iron MFe of more than or equal to 85%;
(4) fine reduction: putting the wet-milled iron powder obtained in the step (3) into a reducing furnace for fine reduction to obtain hardened iron powder blocks;
(5) crushing: crushing the hardened iron powder blocks obtained in the step (4);
(6) dry separation: screening and magnetically separating the powder obtained in the step (5) in sequence;
(7) batching: and (4) feeding the powder obtained after the magnetic separation in the step (6) into a mixer for batching to obtain reduced iron powder with total iron TFe of more than or equal to 98%.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the iron-containing smelting slag comprises non-ferrous metal smelting slag and steel smelting slag, and the elemental iron content of the smelting slag is not less than 20%.
7. The method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder using iron-containing smelting slag according to claim 5, wherein the total number of wet ball milling and gravity classification passes in the step (1) is 3 to 6; in the wet ball milling process, the ball milling medium is water, the diameter of a grinding ball is 5-15mm, the ball-material ratio is 3-5:1, and the grinding time is 30-50 min.
8. The method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder using iron-containing smelting slag according to claim 5, wherein in the step (2), the drying temperature is 350-550 ℃; in the step (3), the mesh number of the adopted screen for screening is 20-100 meshes, and the magnetic field intensity of magnetic separation is 150-400 mT.
9. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein the reduction furnace used in the step (4) is a steel belt type reduction furnace, the reduction temperature is 850-950 ℃, the reduction atmosphere is pure hydrogen or ammonia decomposition hydrogen, and the gas flow rate is 30-80m3The feed rate is 0.5-2 ton/hr.
10. The method for producing wet-milled iron powder and reduced iron powder using iron-containing smelting slag according to claim 5, characterized in that in step (6), the number of the screen mesh used for screening is 20-200 mesh, and the magnetic field strength for magnetic separation is 100-300 mT.
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| CN113290251A (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2021-08-24 | 中南大学 | Method for preparing powder metallurgy iron powder by high-purity iron concentrate through full hydrogen reduction |
| CN114058763A (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-02-18 | 宝武环科武汉金属资源有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-compressibility reduced iron powder |
| CN114058763B (en) * | 2021-11-11 | 2022-11-04 | 宝武环科武汉金属资源有限责任公司 | Preparation method of high-compressibility reduced iron powder |
| CN114719578A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-08 | 广东潮艺金属实业有限公司 | Screw conveying mechanism and metal powder drying system |
| CN115041694A (en) * | 2022-06-13 | 2022-09-13 | 宝武环科武汉金属资源有限责任公司 | Preparation method for preparing iron powder for sulfate process titanium dioxide reduction by using water granulated slag iron |
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