CN111870406A

CN111870406A - Knee joint lateral meniscus implant and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN111870406A
Application number: CN202010797115.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余家阔; 原福贞; 沈飞; 谢兴
Original assignee: Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College
Current assignee: Peking University Third Hospital Peking University Third Clinical Medical College
Priority date: 2020-08-10
Filing date: 2020-08-10
Publication date: 2020-11-03

Abstract

The invention relates to a knee joint lateral meniscus implant and a preparation method thereof, comprising a lateral meniscus body, a first bone block, a second bone block and a ligament connector; the outer meniscus body is O-shaped, the lower bottom surface is a plane, and the first bone block and the second bone block are respectively connected with the anterior angle and the posterior angle of the outer meniscus body; the ligament connecting body comprises an anterior ligament connecting body and a posterior ligament connecting body, wherein the anterior ligament connecting body comprises an anterior meniscal tibial ligament and a middle meniscal tibial ligament, the posterior ligament connecting body is formed by a posterior meniscal tibial ligament independently, and the anterior meniscal tibial ligament, the middle meniscal tibial ligament and the posterior meniscal tibial ligament are separated; the invention utilizes the tibial ligament of the meniscus connected with the tibia around the lateral meniscus as a ligament connector, can more bionically reconstruct the anatomical stability of a similar natural meniscus and restore the connection between the tibial ligament and the natural meniscus, and is suitable for all common meniscus transplantation methods.

Description

Knee joint lateral meniscus implant and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a knee joint lateral meniscus implant and a preparation method thereof.

Background

Please refer to fig. 1, which is a diagram of bones, menisci and ligaments of knee joint of a human body. As shown in fig. 1, the knee joint is composed of the lower end of the femur 5, the upper end of the tibia 4, and the patella 6, as well as other accessory structures such as the patellar ligament 7. The meniscus, which is located above the tibia 4 between the tibia 4 and the femur 5, is divided into a medial meniscus 20 and a lateral meniscus 10, which are important structures of the knee joint. The meniscus has important functions of conducting and dispersing loads, absorbing shocks, improving the form matching of the femur 5 and the tibia 4, lubricating joints, assisting in maintaining the anterior-posterior direction and the rotational stability of the knee joint, and the like, and bears loads such as pressure, shear force, tension and the like, so meniscus injuries are one of the most common sports injuries.

Meniscal partial and total resections are common treatment for meniscal injuries, especially white and red-white injuries, with up to 2014, and the number of cases treated in the united states and europe reaches over 150 million annually. The results of medium and long-term clinical follow-up confirm that premature and progressive articular cartilage degeneration can occur after total meniscal resection and finally knee osteoarthritis can occur. The development of meniscal suturing and repair techniques has allowed more meniscal tissue to be retained, with the healed meniscal tissue retaining more complete biomechanical function, however, not all meniscal tears may be sutured.

The allogeneic meniscus transplantation can improve the functions of knee joints accompanied by serious injury and meniscus deletion and relieve the symptoms of pain, swelling and the like after the meniscectomy. Current knee joint lateral meniscus implants typically include a lateral meniscus body and an anterior-posterior angle connecting bone bridge. Wherein the outer meniscus body is an allogeneic meniscus tissue, the anterior-posterior corner connecting bone bridge is prepared by a allogeneic tibial platform and is rectangular, and the anterior-posterior corner connecting bone bridge is fixedly connected between the anterior-posterior corners of the outer meniscus body. However, each individual has individualized meniscus position and size, and the bone bridge adopting fixed connection is not favorable for adjusting the position of the anterior and posterior corners of the meniscus after transplantation according to the patient receiving meniscus transplantation. In addition, the transplantation structure is mainly fixed with the tibia by connecting the medial anterior-posterior corner with the bone bridge, and the stability and the overall stability of the meniscus body part cannot be guaranteed.

Therefore, in response to the above deficiencies, it would be desirable to provide a structure for a lateral meniscal graft and a method of making the same.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the technical problem of low matching degree of a fixing structure of the existing knee joint lateral meniscus graft and low reliability of reconstruction of the peripheral stability of a meniscus in a meniscus transplantation operation, and provides a bone block structure adopting anterior-posterior angle separation, a human knee joint allogeneic lateral meniscus graft with a ligament connector and a preparation method thereof.

In a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a knee joint lateral meniscus graft comprising a lateral meniscus body, a first bone block, a second bone block and a ligament connector; the outer meniscus body is O-shaped, the lower bottom surface of the outer meniscus body is a plane, and the first bone block and the second bone block are respectively connected to the anterior angle and the posterior angle of the outer meniscus body; the ligament connecting body comprises an anterior ligament connecting body and a posterior ligament connecting body, wherein the anterior ligament connecting body comprises an anterior meniscal tibial ligament and a middle meniscal tibial ligament, the length of the anterior ligament connecting body accounts for two thirds of the length of the outer edge of the outer side meniscus, and the posterior ligament connecting body is formed by a posterior meniscal tibial ligament separately, wherein the anterior meniscal tibial ligament, the middle meniscal tibial ligament and the posterior meniscal tibial ligament are separated; the posterior ligament connector extends from the lateral meniscal body margin and has a length that occupies one-fourth of the length of the lateral meniscal rim.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus graft according to the present invention, preferably, the lateral meniscus body, the first and second bone pieces, and the ligament connectors are all made of human allogeneic tissue.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus graft according to the present invention, preferably, the lateral meniscus body has anterior and posterior angles at its two ends, respectively, the first and second bone pieces are made of tibial bone tissue portions connected to the anterior and posterior angles, respectively, and the ligament connecting body is made of a tibial ligament of the meniscus which forms a bony connection with the lateral meniscus and the tibia.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to the invention, preferably, the first and second bone pieces are each in the shape of a square, cylinder or rectangle and are composed of cartilage, subchondral bone and bone.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to the invention, preferably, in Key-Hole bone bridge fixation, a rectangular bone groove is formed at the lateral intercondylar crest of the tibial plateau, and the first bone block and the second bone block are trimmed into a rectangular shape and inserted into the bone groove for fixation.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to the present invention, preferably, in the bone pin fixation, a cut surface is formed at the top of the tibia, two cylindrical bone paths are drilled on the cut surface, and the first bone block and the second bone block are shaped into a cylinder and inserted into the two bone paths respectively for fixation.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to the present invention, it is preferable that the anterior and posterior corners are pulled with braided wires and both ends of the braided wires are embedded in the tibia for fixation in the boneless block fixation.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to the invention, preferably, the anterior-posterior diameter of the lateral meniscus body ranges from 20mm to 70mm, and the left-right diameter of the lateral meniscus body ranges from 20mm to 50 mm; the first and second bone pieces have a width of 5mm to 20mm, a length of 5mm to 35mm, and a thickness of 5mm to 30 mm.

In the knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to the invention, preferably, the anterior and posterior lateral margins are the free margin and the synovial margin, respectively, the free margin having a thickness of between 1 and 2mm and the synovial margin having a thickness of between 4 and 20 mm.

In a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method of preparing a knee joint lateral meniscus graft, comprising the steps of:

taking an allogeneic lateral meniscus, osteochondral tissues of a tibia part connected with the anterior horn and the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus and a meniscus tibial ligament connected between a lateral meniscus body part and the tibia to prepare a knee joint lateral meniscus graft; wherein, the outer meniscus is similar to O-shaped, the lower bottom surface is cut into a plane, and the upper surface is a concave surface; the attached tibial cartilage portion is cut into first and second bone pieces attached to the anterior and posterior horn of the lateral meniscal body, respectively. The ligament attachment to the lateral meniscal body remains intact at the connection to the meniscus, and the ligament attachment is peeled off intact from the tibial attachment site so that it is attached intact to the lateral meniscal body. Thus, the preparation is completed, and the human allogeneic lateral meniscus implant which takes the meniscus body as a main body, is provided with the first bone block at the anterior horn of the body, the second bone block at the posterior horn of the body and the ligament connecting body extending from the edge of the body is formed.

The knee joint lateral meniscus graft was sterilized and tested for safety.

The implementation of the human knee joint lateral meniscus implant and the preparation method thereof has the following beneficial effects: the invention adopts the mode that the front angle and the rear angle are provided with the bone blocks which are mutually separated, and the fixing positions of the front angle and the rear angle of the meniscus can be adjusted as necessary according to the variation of the meniscus; the first bone block and the second bone block are separated in a way that the implant can be suitable for all three current surgical methods for transplanting the outer meniscus, and each surgical method can achieve reconstruction and fixation of the anatomical position of the meniscus more easily and can be better suitable for personalized difference of the position and the size of the meniscus of different patients; in addition, the transplanted meniscus is connected and fixed with the upper part of the tibia of the patient by utilizing the ligament connecting body naturally connected with the outer meniscus body, so that the fixing effect of the connection mode between the natural meniscus and the tibia can be achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a diagram of a human knee joint bone;

FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a knee joint lateral meniscus graft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the implantation of a knee joint lateral meniscus graft according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a knee lateral meniscal implant in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, which may be adapted for use in a bone groove fixation implantation procedure;

fig. 5 is a schematic illustration of a method of implantation of a knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention adapted for anterior and posterior horn braid fixation of a boneless meniscus body.

In the figure: 1. a lateral meniscal body; 11. a hook angle; 12. a relief angle; 13. a free edge; 14. a slip film edge; 21. a first bone piece; 22. a second bone piece; 3. a ligament attachment; 31. an anterior ligament attachment; 32. a posterior ligament connector; 4. a tibia; 41. cutting into noodles; 42. the bone tract; 43. a bone groove; 44. weaving wires; 5. the femur; 6. a patella; 7. the patellar ligament.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.

Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown. As shown in fig. 2, the knee joint lateral meniscus implant comprises a lateral meniscus body 1, a first bone piece 21, a second bone piece 22 and a ligament connector 3. Wherein the outer meniscus body 1 is O-shaped and the lower bottom surface is a plane. The two ends of the lateral meniscus body 1 are an anterior horn 11 and a posterior horn 12 respectively, and the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are made of tibial bone tissue parts connected with the anterior horn 11 and the posterior horn 12 respectively. The ligament connecting body 3 is wrapped on the outer side of the outer meniscus body 1 and extends downwards.

Please refer to fig. 3, which is a diagram illustrating the implantation of a knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The incision 41 has been seted up on patient's shin bone 4 of waiting to implant the meniscus, the shin bone 4 is located the anterior posterior angle department of outside meniscus and has seted up two bone ways 42 that run through incision 41 respectively, the lower bottom surface of outside meniscus body 1 during implantation laminates with outside tibial plateau surface 41, first bone piece 21 and second bone piece 22 insert two bone ways 42 in shin bone 4 respectively in, ligament connector 3 connects in the outer lower edge of outside meniscus body 1 and the outer upper edge bony structure of outside platform of patient's shin bone 4.

On one hand, the fixing position of the anterior and posterior corners of the meniscus can be fully adjusted according to the variation of the meniscus by adopting the fixing mode of the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 with the separated anterior and posterior corners, so that the anatomical reconstruction of the meniscus can be more easily achieved, and the method is more suitable for the personalized difference of the positions and the sizes of the menisci of different patients; the separation and square, cylindrical or rectangular shape of the first and

second bone pieces

21, 22 of the present invention makes the implant suitable for fixation of the anterior and posterior horn of the meniscal body in all three commonly used procedures for lateral meniscal grafting. On the other hand, the invention is beneficial to fixing the implant on the upper part of the tibia 4 of the patient through the ligament connecting body 3 naturally connected with the lateral meniscus body 1, so that the implant can be more effectively fixed, and the reconstruction of the anatomical stability of the implant is achieved.

Preferably, the lower basal surface of the lateral meniscal body 1 of the present invention is treated to be flat, thereby better conforming to the cut surface 41 and improving the stability of the graft. The knee joint lateral meniscus implant of the present invention may be used in different sizes. The anterior-posterior diameter of the lateral meniscus body 1 preferably ranges from but not limited to 20mm to 70mm, and the left-right diameter preferably ranges from but not limited to 20mm to 50 mm. That is to say, the front and back footpath of lateral meniscus body 1 is minimum 20mm, and maximum 70mm, and the footpath is minimum 20mm, and maximum 50mm about, can adapt to the half-moon plate size of the masses, realizes the accurate transplantation of one-to-one type, and the guarantee meniscus has good suitability. The inner and outer edges of the front and

rear angles

11 and 12 are a free edge 13 and a slip film edge 14, respectively, the thickness of the free edge 13 being from 1 to 2mm, and the thickness of the slip film edge 14 being from 4 to 20 mm. The thickness gradually increases from the thinnest to the thickest.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the first bone piece 21 and the second bone piece 22 are composed of cartilage, subchondral bone, and bone. When bone bolt fixing is performed, a cut surface 41 is formed at the top of the tibia 4, two cylindrical bone paths 42 are drilled on the cut surface 41, and the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are trimmed into a square shape or a cylindrical shape and are respectively inserted into the two bone paths 42 for fixing. Two bone blocks are trimmed into cylindrical bone plugs with the same diameter and inserted into two cylindrical bone paths 42, so that the implant structure is more stable.

As shown in fig. 4, when performing Key-Hole bone bridge fixation, a rectangular bone slot 43 is opened at the lateral intercondylar crest of the platform of the tibia 4, and the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are trimmed to be rectangular and inserted into the bone slot 42 for fixation.

As shown in fig. 5, when the bone-free block fixation is performed, the braided wires 44 are pulled in the anterior horn 11 and the posterior horn 12, the two ends of the braided wires 44 are embedded in the tibia 4 for fixation, the braided wires 44 are braided and sutured in an 8 shape, and the braided wires 44 can be fixed on the tibia 4 to complete the fixation of the meniscus graft.

Preferably, the ligament connecting body 3 comprises an anterior ligament connecting body 31 and a posterior ligament connecting body 32, wherein the anterior ligament connecting body 31 comprises an anterior meniscal tibial ligament and a middle meniscal tibial ligament, and the length of the anterior ligament connecting body 31 accounts for two thirds of the length of the outer edge of the lateral meniscus, so that the stability of the lateral meniscus body 1 after the operation can be recovered to a normal state; the posterior ligament connector 32 is formed solely from the posterior meniscal tibial ligament, wherein the anterior meniscal tibial ligament, the middle meniscal tibial ligament, and the posterior meniscal tibial ligament are separated; the posterior ligament attachment body 32 extends from the edge of the lateral meniscus body 1 and has a length that occupies one-fourth of the length of the outer edge of the lateral meniscus, so that in other embodiments there may be a gap between the posterior ligament attachment body 32 and the anterior ligament attachment body 31.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the knee joint lateral meniscus implant may be made of tissue engineering materials, including natural and synthetic biomaterials, such as polyvinyl alcohol-hydrogel (PVA-H), gelatin sponge, collagen, alginate, polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), fibrin gel, and the like. For example, in one embodiment of the present invention, the lateral meniscal body 1, the first bone peg 21 and the second bone peg 22 may each employ a 3D printed polylactic acid-polycaprolactone copolymer P (LLA-CL) scaffold material. The ligament attachment 3 may be formed of any biomaterial known to those skilled in the art and applicable to biomimetic ligaments. The knee joint lateral meniscus implant can further perform in vitro cell culture on the tissue engineering scaffold material to obtain a corresponding bionic tissue.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the knee joint lateral meniscus implant is made of allogeneic tissue, i.e. the lateral meniscus body 1, the first and

second bone pieces

21, 22, the anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32 are all made of allogeneic tissue. More preferably, the above-mentioned respective portions are taken from the same individual. Wherein, the lateral meniscus body 1 is made of an allogeneic lateral meniscus, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 are taken from the tibia part naturally connected with the lateral meniscus, and the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 which are taken down are still naturally connected with the lateral meniscus body 1. The anterior ligament attachment 31 and the posterior ligament attachment 32 are taken from the tibial ligament of the meniscus to which the lateral meniscus is naturally attached. In the existing transplantation operation, only the meniscus body and the anterior-posterior corner connecting bone block are usually taken down for transplantation, and for a patient with the cut-off meniscus edge, an operator can suture and fix the meniscus graft on the joint capsule, and the normal position and function of the meniscus cannot be reconstructed if the meniscus is not connected. The reason why the tibial ligament of the meniscus is not removed is because the producer and the doctor of the meniscal graft assume in advance that the outer edge of the meniscal body of the patient after the meniscal is removed still has a body of 2-32mm, so that the ligament connecting body 3 for connecting the outer edge and the tibia exists, and the ligament connecting body 3 is not needed. However, it is the case that most patients with total meniscal resection have both the periphery of the meniscal body 1 and the ligament connectors 3 removed. In the invention, the tibial ligament of the meniscus is taken down to be used as the anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32, so that the body of the meniscus implant can be more effectively transplanted and fixed, and the anatomical stability and the reconstruction of the anatomical normal structure are achieved. Moreover, a patient who encounters the outer edge of the meniscus body and the presence of the ligament attachment 3 can excise the ligament attachment of the present invention and use the patient's own ligament attachment. Thus, the present invention can be adapted to all patient needs.

The invention also correspondingly provides a preparation method of the knee joint lateral meniscus implant, which comprises the following steps:

(1) the knee joint lateral meniscus implant is made by taking the allogeneic lateral meniscus and the portions of the tibial cartilage mass and the intact structure of the tibial ligament of the meniscus at the anterior and posterior horn stops of the lateral meniscus. Wherein the lateral meniscus is O-shaped and the inferior basal surface is a natural plane; the tibial portion is cut into a first bone block 21 and a second bone block 22 naturally connected to the anterior and posterior angles, respectively, of the lower bottom surface of the lateral meniscal body (1). The tibial ligament of the meniscus, which is naturally connected to the lateral meniscus, constitutes an anterior ligament connector 31 and a posterior ligament connector 32. The outer meniscus, the tibial cartilage and the tibial ligament of the meniscus used by the graft of the invention need to be taken from a healthy donor aged 18-44 years within 12 hours of death, so as to ensure that the physiological structure of the meniscus used for the graft is excellent and the excellent effect after the graft is ensured.

(2) And (4) sterilizing and carrying out safety detection on the knee joint outer meniscus graft to obtain a final finished product. The lateral meniscal body removed from a healthy donor should be white or yellowish, healthy with a shiny tear-free surface, and the bone mass should be red or yellowish. The implant is sterilized by 25kGy rays, so that the self health of the outer meniscus body 1 to be implanted is ensured to be free from loss, and pathogenic microorganisms possibly carried by the implant or polluted by the implant are killed, so that the disease transmission of a patient is avoided. The quality control of the detection of cytotoxicity, genetic toxicity, allergenicity, heat source and hemolysis is carried out on the outer meniscus body 1, the anterior ligament connector 31 and the posterior ligament connector 32 according to the requirements of passive implants of class III medical instruments before transplantation, so that the meniscus used for transplantation has extremely high safety, and adverse reactions of patients are avoided.

The following is a description of the implantation procedure of the knee joint lateral meniscus graft of the present invention, including the steps of:

under the guidance of an anterior cruciate ligament locator, taking the front and rear angle dead points of the original meniscus as reference points, and drilling two bone paths 42 by using a guide pin and a hollow drill;

II, pushing the lateral meniscus body 1, the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 into a joint cavity between the tibia 4 and the femur 5, respectively drawing and leading out the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 from the upper corresponding bone channels 42 of the anterior horn and the posterior horn through PDS wires, and tensioning the sutures to enable the bone blocks to be embedded into the bone channels 42 of the anterior horn and the posterior horn; in the case of the implant method for fixing the anterior and posterior meniscal using the anterior and posterior horn woven fabric, the first bone piece 21 and the second bone piece 22 are cut, the anterior and posterior horn woven fabric is sutured in the form of "8", and the anterior and posterior horn are fixed by a suture. If Key-Hole bone slot fixation is used, first bone piece 21 and second bone piece 22 are inserted end-to-end into bone slot 43. Thus, the graft of the present invention is suitable for all currently predominant meniscal grafting procedures.

And III, embedding and fixing the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 in the anterior and posterior angles, or carrying out 8-shaped weaving and sewing after cutting the bone blocks in the anterior and posterior angles, then pulling and fixing the weaving lines on the tibia, or embedding and fixing the first bone block 21 and the second bone block 22 in the anterior and posterior angles in an end-to-end bone groove 43. The graft is then sutured to the rim of the lateral meniscus body 1 in the presence of the 2mm to 32mm outer rim of the lateral meniscus body 1 and ligament connectors 3. At this point the graft itself may be cleaned of ligament connectors.

In most cases, the outer edge of the patient's lateral meniscal body 1 is completely or partially cut away, leaving the ligament connector 3 of the implant fixed to the outer edge of the tibia where the ligament connector was originally attached. For patients without a ligament connector portion, reconstruction suturing of the lost ligament connector is performed with the anterior ligament connector 31 or the posterior ligament connector 32, depending on the location of the patient's incomplete ligament connector, such that the anterior ligament connector 31 or the posterior ligament connector 32 of the ligament connector 3 or a portion thereof is restored between the lateral meniscus body 1 and the tibia 4.

In conclusion, the present invention provides an effective and safe knee joint lateral meniscus graft, which can achieve reliable and effective transplantation of severe knee joint meniscal loss, and enable the structure and function of the graft to be restored and reconstructed. Meanwhile, the operation is simple and convenient, and the device is suitable for clinical popularization and application in sports medicine and orthopedics. Compared with the prior art, the invention has more anatomical characteristics of the graft, can be suitable for all the mainstream surgical techniques for transplanting the meniscus, is convenient and quick to fix, and simultaneously increases the fixing stability due to the formation of the ligament connecting body 3, thereby ensuring the reconstruction of the normal connection between the meniscus and the tibia of a patient with the meniscal margin and the meniscal tibia ligament removed. In addition, the graft of the invention accords with all standards of passive implants of three types of medical instruments of the national food and drug administration, and has safe and effective guarantee in the aspects of cytotoxicity, genetic toxicity, allergenicity, heat source and hemolysis.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A knee joint lateral meniscus graft characterized by: comprises a lateral meniscus body (1), a first bone block (21), a second bone block (22) and a ligament connecting body (3); the outer meniscus body (1) is O-shaped, the lower bottom surface of the outer meniscus body is a plane, and the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are respectively connected to the anterior angle (11) and the posterior angle (12) of the outer meniscus body (1); ligament connector (3) include follow anterior ligament connector (31) and back ligament connector (32) that outside meniscus body (1) edge extended, wherein anterior ligament connector (31) length accounts for two-thirds of outside meniscus body (1) arc outer fringe length, back ligament connector (32) length accounts for the fourth of outside meniscus body (1) arc outer fringe length.

2. A knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to claim 1, characterized in that the lateral meniscus body (1), the first (21) and second (22) bone pieces, the ligament connectors (3) are made of human allogeneic tissue.

3. The lateral knee meniscal graft of claim 2, in which said lateral meniscal body (1) is made of a human allogeneic lateral meniscal, said first (21) and second (22) bone pieces are made of tibial bone tissue portions connected to the anterior and posterior corners of the lateral meniscal, respectively, said anterior ligament connector (31) is made of the anterior meniscal tibial ligament and of the medial meniscal tibial ligament ligamentously connected to the lateral meniscal and tibia, and said posterior ligament connector (32) is made of the posterior meniscal tibial ligament forming an osseous connection to the lateral meniscal and tibia.

4. A knee lateral meniscus implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the first (21) and second (22) bone pieces are each composed of cartilage, subchondral bone and bone.

5. The knee joint lateral meniscus implant of claim 4, wherein the first bone block (21) and the second bone block (22) are both square or rectangular for fixation in a Key-Hole bridge fixation in a rectangular bone groove (43) cut in the lateral intercondylar crest of the tibial plateau (4).

6. The meniscus implant, according to claim 4, in which the first (21) and second (22) bone pieces are both square or cylindrical and are intended to be inserted in a bone plug fixation in two cylindrical bone tunnels (42) drilled in a cut (41) made in the top of the tibia (4).

7. The knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to claim 4, characterized in that the anterior horn (11) and the posterior horn (12) of the lateral meniscus body (1) are internally pulled with braided wires (44) in the no bone fixation for fixation in the tibia (4) by both ends of the braided wires (44).

8. The knee joint lateral meniscus implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the lateral meniscus body (1) has a anteroposterior diameter in the range 20mm to 70mm and the lateral meniscus body (1) has a left and right diameter in the range 20mm to 50 mm; the first bone piece (21) and the second bone piece (22) have a width of 5mm to 20mm, the first bone piece (21) and the second bone piece (22) have a length of 5mm to 35mm, and the first bone piece (21) and the second bone piece (22) have a thickness of 5mm to 30 mm.

9. The knee lateral meniscus implant according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the anterior (11) and posterior (12) margins are free (13) and synovial (14) margins, respectively, the thickness of the free margin (13) being between 1 and 2mm and the thickness of the synovial margin (14) being between 4 and 20 mm.

10. A method for preparing a knee joint lateral meniscus implant, comprising the steps of:

taking a human allogeneic lateral meniscus and bone tissues of a tibia part connected with the anterior horn and the posterior horn of the lateral meniscus, simultaneously taking a tibial ligament of a meniscus attached to a lateral meniscus body and connected with the tibia, and keeping the integrity of the attachment parts of the tibial ligament of the anterior meniscus, the medial meniscus and the posterior meniscus to prepare a knee joint lateral meniscus graft; the left meniscus is O-shaped, the lower bottom surface of the left meniscus is cut into a plane to obtain a left meniscus body (1), the tibia part is cut into a first bone block (21) and a second bone block (22) which are respectively connected to the anterior horn and the posterior horn of the left meniscus body (1), the anterior meniscus tibia ligament and part of the middle meniscus tibia ligament form an anterior ligament connector (31), the posterior meniscus tibia ligament forms a posterior ligament connector (32), and the length of the posterior meniscus tibia ligament is one fourth of the length of the arc-shaped outer edge of the left meniscus body (1);

the knee joint lateral meniscus graft was sterilized and tested for safety.