CN111868411B - 平衡轴 - Google Patents

平衡轴 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111868411B
CN111868411B CN201980017240.3A CN201980017240A CN111868411B CN 111868411 B CN111868411 B CN 111868411B CN 201980017240 A CN201980017240 A CN 201980017240A CN 111868411 B CN111868411 B CN 111868411B
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axial
shaft
outer ring
shoulder
bearing
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CN111868411A (zh
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塞巴斯蒂安·科赫
斯特凡·多恩
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Schaeffler Holding China Co Ltd
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
    • F16F15/22—Compensation of inertia forces
    • F16F15/26—Compensation of inertia forces of crankshaft systems using solid masses, other than the ordinary pistons, moving with the system, i.e. masses connected through a kinematic mechanism or gear system
    • F16F15/264—Rotating balancer shafts
    • F16F15/267—Rotating balancer shafts characterised by bearing support of balancer shafts; Lubrication arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/225—Details of the ribs supporting the end of the rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C19/00—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement
    • F16C19/22—Bearings with rolling contact, for exclusively rotary movement with bearing rollers essentially of the same size in one or more circular rows, e.g. needle bearings
    • F16C19/44—Needle bearings
    • F16C19/46—Needle bearings with one row or needles
    • F16C19/466—Needle bearings with one row or needles comprising needle rollers and an outer ring, i.e. subunit without inner ring
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/583—Details of specific parts of races
    • F16C33/585—Details of specific parts of races of raceways, e.g. ribs to guide the rollers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2326/00—Articles relating to transporting
    • F16C2326/01—Parts of vehicles in general

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Rolling Contact Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

提出一种平衡轴(1)，它包含一个带有主轴颈(7)的轴(3)，所述主轴颈以部分或整个圆周对着紧接在所述主轴颈上的轴段(14、15)的轴向凸肩(13)径向凹陷；和一个布置在所述主轴颈上的、带有外环(9)的滚针轴承(4)，所述外环构成滚针(6)的外部导轨。所述外环应当设置有轴向凸肩(19)，其中，滚针在两个轴向方向上既支撑在轴段的轴向凸肩上也支撑在外环的轴向凸肩上。

Description

平衡轴
技术领域
本发明涉及一种平衡轴，它包含一个带有主轴颈的轴，所述主轴颈以部分或整个圆周对着紧接在所述主轴颈上的轴段的轴向凸肩径向凹陷；和一个布置在所述主轴颈上的、带有外环的滚针轴承，所述外环构成滚针的外部导轨。
背景技术
此类平衡轴通常被装在内燃机的质量平衡传动装置中，用于补偿自由的惯性力和/或惯性矩。
从发动机技术杂志MTZ 06/2008第518-524页中已知一种用滚针支承的、带有可径向凹陷式主轴颈的轴。轴的径向支承在两个此类主轴颈上借助滚针轴承并且在驱动侧的末端片段上借助滑动轴承进行，所述滑动轴承还负责轴的轴向支承。这种轴承装置可能具有如下缺点，即：它具有三个径向轴承，是静态超静定的。
发明内容
本发明的任务在于，提供一种轴承结构的设计经过改进的平衡轴。
该项任务通过如下方案来解决，即：外环设置有轴向凸肩，其中，滚针在两个轴向方向上既支撑在轴段的轴向凸肩上也支撑在外环的轴向凸肩上。在该设计方案中，滚针轴承不仅被用作径向轴承，还被用作轴的轴向轴承，由此在相应的结构空间和/或构件成本优势下，通过一个独立于滚针轴承之外的轴向轴承支承部位消除了轴承装置的静态超静定。
滚针在轴段轴向凸肩和/或外环轴向凸肩上的支撑可以间接通过一个固定滚针的球笼或在滚针的直接轴向接触中对着轴向凸肩进行。
附图说明
本发明的其它特征和设计方案可以通过后面的说明书和图纸得出，在图纸中以简化方式示出了本发明所述平衡轴的一种实施例。
图1为安装有滚针轴承的平衡轴的透视图；
图2为图1所示轴的透视图；
图3为图1所示作为细节部分的平衡轴轴向-径向支承部位的纵剖图；
图4为图3所示作为独立零件的轴向-径向轴承。
具体实施方式
附图示出了一个用于质量平衡传动装置的平衡轴1，其用于平衡直列四缸内燃机中的自由二阶惯性力和惯性矩。平衡轴的驱动借助驱动侧末端片段2上的(在示意图中尚未安装的)链条或齿轮进行。
平衡轴1包含在图2中被展示为细节部分的轴3和两个被设计成滚针轴承4和5的径向轴承，所述径向轴承的滚针6直接在轴3相关的主轴颈 7和8上滚动。滚针6的外部导轨分别由一个外环9构成，所述外环被固定在内燃机的壳体10中。外环9在壳体10轴承孔11中的轴向定位借助一个径向朝外延伸的凸肩12进行，外环9借助所述凸肩从正面固定在壳体 10上。每个主轴颈7、8都会对着紧接在其上面的轴段14、15和16的轴向凸肩13以部分圆周径向凹陷。该部分圆周约为200°，在不平衡侧以与不平衡面镜像对称的方式延伸，所述不平衡面由轴3的旋转轴17及其偏心的质量重心限定。
在所示的实施例中，图中的左侧主轴颈7既被用作径向轴承也被用作轴向轴承。下文将根据以放大形式示出平衡轴1轴向-径向支承部位的图3 对其进行详细说明。轴向凸肩13包围着在球笼18中引导的、具有轴向间隙的滚针6，其中，滚针6的端面由于轴向推力而与轴3的轴向凸肩13抵触运行。外环9设置有轴向凸肩19，该轴向凸肩同样在两个轴向方向上被用作滚针6端面的接触面。由此通过轴向力流“轴段14和15的轴向凸肩 13-滚针6-外环9的轴向凸肩19”以规定的轴向间隙将轴3支承在壳体 10中。
为了安装组合式轴向-径向支承部位，图3和4中外环9的左侧轴向凸肩19由支承环20构成，该支承环与外环9在一个支承环20与外环9凸肩 12轴向重叠的位置上接合。在安装时，首先将带有圆周上开槽的球笼18 的针环放在主轴颈7上，然后将外环9轴向推到针环上。接着将支承环20 压入到外环9中。图4将按所述方式完成安装的轴向-径向轴承展示为独立的零件。
轴3的径向和轴向支承仅在两个主轴颈7和8上进行。在所示的实施例中，轴向-径向支承部位通过两个轴段15、16和主轴颈8与驱动侧的末端片段2相连。作为替代方案，图1中的右侧主轴颈8也可以构成轴向-径向支承部位，然后，其仅通过轴段16与驱动侧的末端片段2相连。
附图标记列表
1 平衡轴
2 驱动侧的末端片段
3 轴
4 滚针轴承
5 滚针轴承
6 滚针
7 主轴颈
8 主轴颈
9 外环
10 壳体
11 轴承孔
12 凸肩
13 轴段的轴向凸肩
14 轴段
15 轴段
16 轴段
17 旋转轴
18 球笼
19 外环的轴向凸肩
20 支承环。

Claims (4)

1.一种平衡轴(1)，包含一个带有主轴颈(7)的轴(3)，所述主轴颈在部分或整个圆周上相对于紧接在所述主轴颈(7)上的轴段(14、15)的轴向凸肩(13)径向凹陷；和一个布置在所述主轴颈(7)上的、带有外环(9)的滚针轴承(4)，所述外环构成滚针(6)的外部导轨，其特征在于，所述外环(9)设置有轴向凸肩(19)，其中，滚针(6)在两个轴向方向上既支撑在所述轴段(14、15)的轴向凸肩(13)上也支撑在所述外环(9)的轴向凸肩(19)上。
2.根据权利要求1所述的平衡轴(1)，其特征在于，所述滚针(6)分别直接在所述轴段(14、15)的轴向凸肩(13)上和所述外环(9)的轴向凸肩(19)上轴向抵靠。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的平衡轴(1)，其特征在于，所述外环(9)的轴向凸肩(19)由与所述外环接合的支承环(20)构成。
4.根据权利要求3所述的平衡轴(1)，其特征在于，所述外环(9)设置有凸肩(12)，其以与所述支承环(20)轴向重叠的方式沿径向朝外的方向延伸。
CN201980017240.3A 2018-03-07 2019-03-04 平衡轴 Active CN111868411B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018105186.7A DE102018105186B4 (de) 2018-03-07 2018-03-07 Ausgleichswelle
DE102018105186.7 2018-03-07
PCT/DE2019/100190 WO2019170191A1 (de) 2018-03-07 2019-03-04 Ausgleichswelle

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CN111868411A CN111868411A (zh) 2020-10-30
CN111868411B true CN111868411B (zh) 2022-05-31

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EP (1) EP3762628B1 (zh)
KR (1) KR20200124684A (zh)
CN (1) CN111868411B (zh)
DE (1) DE102018105186B4 (zh)
WO (1) WO2019170191A1 (zh)

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19858996B4 (de) * 1998-12-21 2007-10-18 Schaeffler Kg Anordnung zum Lagern einer Welle
DE102007037287A1 (de) * 2007-08-07 2009-02-12 Schaeffler Kg Massenausgleichsvorrichtung für eine Hubkolben-Brennkraftmaschine
US20090133528A1 (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Jtekt Corporation Shaft apparatus with bearing
DE102008026204A1 (de) 2008-05-30 2009-12-03 Schaeffler Kg Lageranordnung einer Welle
DE102009020134A1 (de) * 2009-05-06 2010-11-11 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Massenausgleichsgetriebe einer Brennkraftmaschine
US8939123B2 (en) 2009-07-30 2015-01-27 Herzog Intertec Gmbh Countershaft
DE102009036794A1 (de) 2009-08-08 2011-02-10 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Massenausgleichsgetriebe
DE202013100896U1 (de) 2013-03-01 2014-06-05 Herzog Intertec Gmbh Ausgleichswelle
DE102014210366A1 (de) * 2014-06-02 2015-12-03 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Lageranordnung mit einer Welle und einem Nadellager

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Publication number Publication date
DE102018105186B4 (de) 2023-09-28
KR20200124684A (ko) 2020-11-03
CN111868411A (zh) 2020-10-30
DE102018105186A1 (de) 2019-09-12
EP3762628A1 (de) 2021-01-13
EP3762628B1 (de) 2024-06-19
WO2019170191A1 (de) 2019-09-12

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