CN111865107B - High-efficiency rectifying circuit with wide input power range - Google Patents
High-efficiency rectifying circuit with wide input power range Download PDFInfo
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- CN111865107B CN111865107B CN202010752018.2A CN202010752018A CN111865107B CN 111865107 B CN111865107 B CN 111865107B CN 202010752018 A CN202010752018 A CN 202010752018A CN 111865107 B CN111865107 B CN 111865107B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P1/00—Auxiliary devices
- H01P1/20—Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
- H01P1/201—Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
- H01P1/203—Strip line filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01P—WAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
- H01P3/00—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type
- H01P3/02—Waveguides; Transmission lines of the waveguide type with two longitudinal conductors
- H01P3/08—Microstrips; Strip lines
- H01P3/081—Microstriplines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency rectifying circuit with a wide input power range, which comprises a top layer microstrip structure, a middle medium substrate and a bottom layer metal bottom plate, wherein the top layer microstrip structure is arranged on the upper surface of the middle medium substrate, and the bottom layer metal bottom plate is arranged on the lower surface of the middle medium substrate; the top layer microstrip structure comprises an input port, a blocking capacitor, a low-power rectifying unit, a high-power rectifying unit, a low-pass filter network and an output port. The invention only uses three sections of microstrip lines, realizes the rectification in a wide power range by connecting the low-power rectification unit and the high-power rectification unit in parallel and adopting a self-adaptive dynamic power distribution strategy, and keeps higher rectification efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-efficiency rectifying circuits, and particularly relates to a high-efficiency rectifying circuit with a wide input power range.
Background
In wireless energy transmission systems, rectifier circuits are very important components. The rectifier circuit may convert microwave energy into dc energy to charge the electronic device. With the development of wireless technology, rectifier circuits are also widely used in energy recovery. In a wireless energy transmission system, the efficiency of a rectifying circuit is directly related to the efficiency of the whole system, so that the high efficiency conversion of microwave to direct current is the most basic requirement of the rectifying circuit. Since the energy received by the receiving antenna is not constant, a wide input power dynamic range rectifier circuit is receiving more and more attention. Therefore, it is important to design a high-efficiency rectifier circuit with a wide dynamic range.
However, it becomes difficult to design a high efficiency rectifier circuit with a wide dynamic range due to the non-linear characteristics of the rectifier diode. To solve this problem, some research teams have done work in this area, proposing different design approaches. In documents y.y.xiao, z. -x.du, and x.y.zhang, "High-efficiency reciever with side input power range based on power reciever," IEEE trans.circuits system.ii, exp.briefs, vol.65, No.6, pp.744-748, jun.2018, "designers introduce a coupler in the circuit to obtain the effect of recovering the reflected energy, thereby achieving rectification in a wide power dynamic range. The energy reflected from the two main rectification units is injected into the third rectification unit, thereby maintaining high efficiency. In documents m.d.weii, y.t.chang, d.wang, c.h.tseng, and r.new, "Balanced RF receiver for energy recovery with minimized input impedance variation," IEEE trans.micro.thermal technique, vol.65, No.5, pp.1598-1604, May 2017, a rectifier circuit with a balun structure is used to recover the energy consumed on the resistor, which effectively reduces the sensitivity of the rectifier circuit to input power. A novel wide dynamic range rectifier circuit is described in the documents v.marian, c.vollaire, j.verdier, and b.allard, "patents of an adaptive recent circuit," IEEE Antennas Wireless performance. The circuit is composed of a plurality of sub-rectifying circuits, and different rectifying units correspond to different input powers. In most of the existing researches, researchers focus on either the research of a high-efficiency rectifier circuit or the research of a wide-dynamic-range rectifier circuit, and neglect that the rectifier circuit has two characteristics of high efficiency and wide dynamic range. In wireless energy transmission, the practical requirements can be met only by higher efficiency and wider input power dynamic range, so that the research on the wireless energy transmission has important application value.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a high efficiency rectifier circuit that achieves a wide dynamic range by adaptively and dynamically allocating power.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a high-efficiency rectifying circuit with a wide input power range comprises a top layer microstrip structure, a middle medium substrate and a bottom layer metal bottom plate, wherein the top layer microstrip structure is arranged on the upper surface of the middle medium substrate, and the bottom layer metal bottom plate is arranged on the lower surface of the middle medium substrate; the top-layer microstrip structure comprises an input port, a blocking capacitor, a low-power rectifying unit, a high-power rectifying unit, a low-pass filter network and an output port, wherein the blocking capacitor is bridged on the input port and the input end of the low-pass filter network, the low-power rectifying unit and the high-power rectifying unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the input end of the low-pass filter network, and the output end of the low-pass filter network is connected with the output port.
Furthermore, the input port and the output port respectively adopt a first microstrip line and a second microstrip line.
The low-pass filter network further comprises a third microstrip line, a filter capacitor and a fourth microstrip line, wherein the input end of the third microstrip line is connected with the first microstrip line through a cross-connected DC blocking capacitor, the output end of the third microstrip line is connected with the second microstrip line, the filter capacitor is in cross-connection with the fourth microstrip line and the second microstrip line, and the tail end of the fourth microstrip line is connected with the bottom metal base plate through a metalized via hole.
Further, the third microstrip line is a series microstrip line, and the length of the third microstrip line is set to be a quarter wavelength of the center frequency.
Further, the high-power rectification unit comprises a fifth microstrip line, a first diode and a sixth microstrip line, the fifth microstrip line is perpendicular to the third microstrip line and is connected with one side of the input end of the third microstrip line, the first diode is bridged on the fifth microstrip line and the sixth microstrip line, and the tail end of the sixth microstrip line is connected with the bottom metal base plate through a metalized via hole.
Further, the fifth microstrip line is a series microstrip line, and the length of the fifth microstrip line is set to be a quarter wavelength of the center frequency.
Further, the sixth microstrip line is a short-circuit microstrip line, and the length of the short-circuit microstrip line is set to be one eighth of the wavelength of the center frequency.
Further, the low-power rectifying unit comprises a seventh microstrip line and a second diode, the seventh microstrip line is arranged on the other side of the input end of the third microstrip line, the second diode is bridged on the seventh microstrip line and the third microstrip line, and the tail end of the seventh microstrip line is connected with the bottom metal baseplate through a metalized via hole.
Further, the seventh microstrip line is a short-circuit microstrip line, and the length of the short-circuit microstrip line is set to be one eighth of the wavelength of the center frequency.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention only uses three sections of microstrip lines, and adopts a self-adaptive dynamic power distribution strategy by connecting the low-power rectifying unit and the high-power rectifying unit in parallel, so that the low-power rectifying unit works when the input signal power is small, and the high-power rectifying unit works when the input signal power is large, thereby realizing the rectification in a wide power range and keeping higher rectifying efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high efficiency rectifier circuit with a wide input power range according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a dimension chart of a high efficiency rectifier circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the power flowing into the high power rectification unit and the low power rectification unit for an input power range of 0dBm to 30dBm in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the rectification efficiency in three cases, namely, when the input power range is 0dBm to 30dBm, the small power rectification unit and the large power rectification unit work independently and the rectification circuit works;
fig. 5 is a graph of simulation and actual measurement results of the conversion efficiency of the present invention at different input power values when the input power range is 0dBm to 30dBm in the embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are: 1. the microstrip line structure comprises a first microstrip line, 2, a DC blocking capacitor, 3, a second microstrip line, 4, a third microstrip line, 5, a filter capacitor, 6, a fourth microstrip line, 7, a fifth microstrip line, 8, a first diode, 9, a sixth microstrip line, 10, a second diode, 11 and a seventh microstrip line.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high efficiency rectifier circuit with a wide input power range, which includes a top microstrip structure, a middle dielectric substrate, and a bottom metal bottom plate, where the top microstrip structure is disposed on an upper surface of the middle dielectric substrate, and the bottom metal bottom plate is disposed on a lower surface of the middle dielectric substrate.
The top-layer microstrip structure comprises an input port, a blocking capacitor 2, a low-power rectifying unit, a high-power rectifying unit, a low-pass filter network and an output port, wherein the blocking capacitor 2 is bridged on the input port and the input end of the low-pass filter network, the low-power rectifying unit and the high-power rectifying unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the input end of the low-pass filter network, and the output end of the low-pass filter network is connected with the output port. The invention realizes the rectification in a wide power range by connecting the low-power rectification unit and the high-power rectification unit in parallel, and keeps higher rectification efficiency.
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, the input port uses a first microstrip line 1 to guide the electromagnetic wave into the rectifying circuit, and the output port uses a second microstrip line 3 to output the direct current rectifying signal.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the low-pass filter network includes a third microstrip line 4, a filter capacitor 5 and a fourth microstrip line 6, so as to perform low-pass filtering processing on the electromagnetic wave; the first microstrip line 1, the third microstrip line 4 and the second microstrip line 3 are sequentially arranged in a straight line, and the input end of the third microstrip line 4 is connected with the first microstrip line 1 through a cross-connected DC blocking capacitor 2, so that the DC blocking capacitor 2 is convenient to weld; the output end of the third microstrip line 4 is connected with the second microstrip line 3, the filter capacitor 5 is bridged on the fourth microstrip line 6 and the second microstrip line 3, and the tail end of the fourth microstrip line 6 is connected with the bottom metal base plate through the metalized via hole to realize grounding, so that a short circuit is formed.
The third microstrip line 4 is a series microstrip line, and the length of the microstrip line is set to be a quarter wavelength of the center frequency, so as to realize that the input impedance of the right-end circuit is infinite at the fundamental frequency.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the high power rectification unit includes a fifth microstrip line 7, a first diode 8 and a sixth microstrip line 9, the fifth microstrip line 7 is perpendicular to the third microstrip line 4 and is connected to one side of an input end thereof, the first diode 8 is bridged over the fifth microstrip line 7 and the sixth microstrip line 9, and an end of the sixth microstrip line 9 is connected to the bottom metal base plate through a metalized via hole to realize grounding, so as to form a short circuit.
The fifth microstrip line 7 is a serial microstrip line, and the length of the microstrip line is set to be a quarter wavelength of the center frequency, and is used for converting the high impedance characteristic of the first diode 8 into the low impedance characteristic when the input signal power is large, and converting the low impedance characteristic of the first diode 8 into the high impedance characteristic when the input signal power is small.
The sixth microstrip line 9 is a short-circuit microstrip line, and the length of the short-circuit microstrip line is set to be one eighth of the wavelength of the center frequency, so as to cancel the capacitive impedance of the first diode 8, and make the input impedance of the first diode 8 be a pure impedance. According to the transmission line theory, the impedance of the short-circuited microstrip line with one eighth wavelength is inductive, and the impedance of the diode is capacitive, so that the inductive impedance of the short-circuited microstrip line with one eighth wavelength is used for offsetting the capacitive impedance of the diode.
In an optional embodiment of the present invention, the low-power rectifying unit includes a seventh microstrip line 11 and a second diode 10, the seventh microstrip line 11 is disposed on the other side of the input end of the third microstrip line 4, the second diode 10 is bridged over the seventh microstrip line 11 and the third microstrip line 4, and the end of the seventh microstrip line 11 is connected to the bottom metal base plate through a metalized via to implement grounding, so as to form a short circuit.
The seventh microstrip line 11 is a short-circuit microstrip line, and the length of the short-circuit microstrip line is set to be one eighth of the wavelength of the center frequency, so as to cancel the capacitive impedance of the second diode 10, so that the input impedance of the low-power rectifying unit is a pure impedance.
The invention can make the rectification circuit obtain higher conversion efficiency in a wider input power range by adjusting the characteristic impedance and capacitance value of each microstrip line in the rectification circuit; the invention omits a power divider and a coupler, and only uses three microstrip lines to realize the design goal: when the power of the input signal is small, the low-power rectifying unit works; when the input signal power is larger, the high-power rectifying unit works.
As shown in fig. 2, the intermediate dielectric substrate used in the embodiment of the present invention is F4B-2, which has a thickness of 1mm, a relative dielectric constant of 2.65, a loss tangent of 0.002, and a thickness of 0.0018mm for both the bottom metal bottom plate and the top microstrip structure. The specific dimensions set were as follows: length L of the first microstrip line 1 of the input port18mm, width W12.7mm, the length L of the fifth microstrip line 7518.5mm, width W5Length L of the sixth microstrip line 9 being 1mm69.4mm, width W60.6mm, the length L of the seventh microstrip line 11710.5mm, width W7Length L of the third microstrip line 4 of 4.9mm318.5mm, width W30.2mm, the length L of the fourth microstrip line 642.5mm, width W4Length L of the second microstrip line 3 of 1mm24mm, width W2When the dc blocking capacitor 2 is 22pF, the first diode 8 is a double HSMS282 transistor connected in series, the second diode 10 is a single HSMS282 transistor, and the filter capacitor 5 is 100 pF.
FIG. 3 shows the values of power flowing into the high power rectifier unit and the low power rectifier unit for input power ranging from 0dBm to 30dBm, where the abscissa number is the input power value in dBm; the ordinate figures represent the power values flowing into the rectifier unit in dBm. As can be seen from the figure, when the input power is small, the energy flowing into the low-power rectifying unit is much larger than the energy flowing into the high-power rectifying unit; when the input power is larger, the energy flowing into the low-power rectifying unit is far smaller than the energy flowing into the high-power rectifying unit. Fig. 4 shows the rectification efficiency in three cases, i.e., when the low-power rectification unit and the high-power rectification unit operate independently and the circuit of this example operates when the input power ranges from 0dBm to 30 dBm. As can be seen, the circuit of the embodiment can achieve a wider input power range while maintaining high efficiency by combining the low-power rectifying unit and the high-power rectifying unit. FIG. 5 shows simulation and actual measurement results of conversion efficiency for an embodiment of the present invention at different input power values over an input power range of 0dBm to 30dBm, where the abscissa number is the input power value in dBm; the ordinate figures are the rectification efficiency values in%. As can be seen, the rectification efficiency of the embodiment of the invention can be higher than 50% in the range of the input power from 6.5dBm to 29.8 dBm.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A high-efficiency rectifying circuit with a wide input power range is characterized by comprising a top layer microstrip structure, a middle medium substrate and a bottom layer metal bottom plate, wherein the top layer microstrip structure is arranged on the upper surface of the middle medium substrate, and the bottom layer metal bottom plate is arranged on the lower surface of the middle medium substrate; the top-layer microstrip structure comprises an input port, a blocking capacitor (2), a low-power rectifying unit, a high-power rectifying unit, a low-pass filter network and an output port, wherein the blocking capacitor is bridged on the input port and the input end of the low-pass filter network;
the low-pass filter network comprises a third microstrip line (4), a filter capacitor (5) and a fourth microstrip line (6), wherein the input end of the third microstrip line (4) is connected with the first microstrip line (1) through a cross-over DC blocking capacitor (2), the output end of the third microstrip line (4) is connected with the second microstrip line (3), the filter capacitor (5) is in cross-over connection with the fourth microstrip line (6) and the second microstrip line (3), and the tail end of the fourth microstrip line (6) is connected with the bottom metal base plate through a metalized via hole;
the high-power rectifying unit comprises a fifth microstrip line (7), a first diode (8) and a sixth microstrip line (9), the fifth microstrip line (7) is perpendicular to the third microstrip line (4) and is connected with one side of an input end of the third microstrip line, the first diode (8) is bridged on the fifth microstrip line (7) and the sixth microstrip line (9), and the tail end of the sixth microstrip line (9) is connected with a bottom metal base plate through a metalized via hole;
the low-power rectifying unit comprises a seventh microstrip line (11) and a second diode (10), the seventh microstrip line (11) is arranged on the other side of the input end of the third microstrip line (4), the second diode (10) is bridged on the seventh microstrip line (11) and the third microstrip line (4), and the tail end of the seventh microstrip line (11) is connected with the bottom metal base plate through a metalized through hole.
2. The wide input power range high efficiency rectifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein said input port and output port respectively employ a first microstrip line (1) and a second microstrip line (3).
3. The wide input power range high efficiency rectifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the third microstrip line (4) is a series microstrip line with a length set to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency.
4. The wide input power range high efficiency rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the fifth microstrip line (7) is a series microstrip line with a length set to a quarter wavelength of the center frequency.
5. The wide input power range high efficiency rectifier circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the sixth microstrip line (9) is a short circuited microstrip line with a length set to one eighth wavelength of the center frequency.
6. The wide input power range high efficiency rectifier circuit according to claim 1, wherein the seventh microstrip line (11) is a short circuited microstrip line with a length set to one eighth wavelength of the center frequency.
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| CN115276264A (en) * | 2022-08-23 | 2022-11-01 | 重庆邮电大学 | Broadband high-efficiency radio frequency energy collection rectification circuit |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205622523U (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-10-05 | 华南理工大学 | Efficient microwave rectifier of broadband |
| CN107332447A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-07 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of small-signal broadband voltage-doubler rectifier with loaded self-adaptive |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205622523U (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2016-10-05 | 华南理工大学 | Efficient microwave rectifier of broadband |
| CN107332447A (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2017-11-07 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of small-signal broadband voltage-doubler rectifier with loaded self-adaptive |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| One Octave Bandwidth Rectifier With a Frequency Selective Diode Array;Pengde Wu等;《IEEE》;20181130;第28卷(第11期);第1008-1009页，图1-4 * |
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