CN111863485A - Circuit breaker pole part and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Circuit breaker pole part and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111863485A CN111863485A CN202010612021.4A CN202010612021A CN111863485A CN 111863485 A CN111863485 A CN 111863485A CN 202010612021 A CN202010612021 A CN 202010612021A CN 111863485 A CN111863485 A CN 111863485A
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- extinguishing chamber
- vacuum arc
- circuit breaker
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/60—Switches wherein the means for extinguishing or preventing the arc do not include separate means for obtaining or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
- H01H33/66—Vacuum switches
- H01H33/662—Housings or protective screens
- H01H33/66207—Specific housing details, e.g. sealing, soldering or brazing
- H01H2033/6623—Details relating to the encasing or the outside layers of the vacuum switch housings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- High-Tension Arc-Extinguishing Switches Without Spraying Means (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a pole part of a circuit breaker, which comprises the following steps: carrying out roughening treatment on the surface of the vacuum arc extinguish chamber, wherein the roughening treatment comprises two modes of sand blasting treatment and acid etching treatment; coating silica sol on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber; carrying out heat treatment on the arc extinguish chamber; and (3) preparing and molding the solid-sealed polar pole product by utilizing an Automatic Pressure Gelation (APG) process or an injection molding process according to different coated insulating layers. The invention also discloses a circuit breaker pole part prepared by the preparation method. The breaker pole part and the manufacturing method thereof provided by the invention can improve the mechanical impact resistance and partial discharge resistance of the solid-sealed pole, avoid the occurrence of multiple interface layers in a product and improve the process stability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pole part of a circuit breaker and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of power transmission and distribution switch equipment.
Background
Circuit breakers used in the medium voltage field can be switched off at normal rated currents, short circuit currents and can withstand voltages across the circuit breaker in the open position. The opening of the current will create an arc between the contacts, which will extinguish at zero crossings in the alternating current and in a suitable medium. In medium pressure systems, currently only vacuum and SF are present 6The technology is widely used and the market share of vacuum technology in the medium-pressure field is an absolute advantage.
The core element of the vacuum technology is a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, which is widely applied to 40.5kV and below voltage class at present, and 145kV voltage class products are also being successively introduced and used. In addition to meeting the voltage and current requirements that may arise during operation, maintaining a vacuum level in the arc chute for more than 30 years is an important quality indicator. To meet the requirement, modern production technology and optimized design are necessary.
The difference in physical properties between the ceramic on the surface of the vacuum interrupter and the insulating material (epoxy or other thermosetting material or nylon or other thermoplastic material) coated on the ceramic shell causes peeling or breakage of the interface between the ceramic and the insulating material, which may lead to product performance defects or potential safety hazards. At present, in order to overcome the defect, a buffer layer (silicon rubber) is coated on the surface of the porcelain shell to relieve the problem.
The existing production process of the coated silicon rubber (buffer layer) has inherent defects. If the technical scheme is adopted, at least an outer insulating layer (epoxy or thermoplastic insulating material layer)/an adhesive layer/a buffer layer/an adhesive layer/a ceramic layer/a vacuum layer exist from outside to inside of the solid-sealed polar pole, and the solid-sealed polar pole comprises 6 mediums and 5 contact surfaces. Air gaps or uneven stress occur on any contact surface, interface degradation is easy to occur, partial discharge is caused, and finally unrecoverable breakdown and damage of products are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a pole part of a circuit breaker and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the pole part of the circuit breaker can improve the mechanical impact resistance and the partial discharge resistance of a solid-sealed pole, avoid the occurrence of multiple interface layers in a product and improve the process stability.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method of making a circuit breaker pole member, comprising the steps of:
roughening the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber;
coating silica sol on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber;
carrying out heat treatment on the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber;
and (3) preparing and molding the solid-sealed polar pole product by utilizing an Automatic Pressure Gel (APG) pouring process or an injection molding process according to different outer coating insulating layers.
The roughening treatment includes two modes of sand blasting treatment and acid etching treatment.
The sand blasting process comprises the following specific steps: using Al on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber2O3Or SiO2Carrying out sand blasting treatment on particles, wherein the particle size of the particles is 20-200 mu m, the sand blasting pressure is set to be 1-5 MPa, the time is 15-100 s, and after sand blasting, cleaning the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with deionized water and then drying the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with oilless air. By Al2O3Or SiO2The particles impact the surface of the ceramic to cause the loss of the substrate on the surface of the arc extinguish chamber to form a pit so as to achieve the purpose of increasing the surface roughness and the surface area, and the process also removes pollutants on the surface of the arc extinguish chamber, increases the surface energy and wettability and finally increases the bonding strength between the particles and resin.
The acid etching treatment process specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out acid etching on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber porcelain piece by using etching liquid, wherein the acid etching time is 10-60 min. And after the acid etching is finished, cleaning the steel plate by using deionized water and then drying the steel plate by using oilless air. The etching solution is HNO with the mass fraction of 68 percent3And 40% by mass of HF in a volume ratio of 1: 1 proportion is mixed. The sizes of the particles on the surface of the arc extinguish chamber subjected to the over-acid etching treatment are reduced, the pores among the particles are enlarged, and the purpose of increasing the surface roughness and the surface area is also achieved. Meanwhile, pollutants in the arc extinguish chamber are removed, the surface energy and the wettability are increased, and the bonding strength between the resin and the arc extinguish chamber is increased finally.
The silica sol coating process specifically comprises the following steps: 20 to 50 percent of SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1-100 mu m.
Coating methods include, but are not limited to, dip-drawing, spin coating, or spray coating.
The arc extinguish chamber heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) naturally drying the arc-extinguishing chamber in a drying oven with relative humidity of 30-75% at room temperature, taking out after 3-24 h, carrying out heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 1-6 h, and slowly cooling to room temperature.
A circuit breaker pole part is prepared by the circuit breaker pole part manufacturing method.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention discloses a pole component of a circuit breaker and a manufacturing method thereof.A surface treatment is carried out on a vacuum arc extinguish chamber to increase the adhesive force between the vacuum arc extinguish chamber and an outer coating insulating material so as to improve the mechanical impact resistance and the partial discharge resistance of a solid-sealed pole, avoid the occurrence of multiple interface layers in a product and improve the process stability; on the other hand, the surface treatment method adopting the sand blasting and acid etching treatment can possibly cause a small amount of microcracks on the surface of the ceramic, so that the strength and the fracture toughness of the ceramic can be reduced by excessive surface treatment, the service life of the ceramic is further influenced, the ceramic surface is treated by using the silica sol, the silica sol can occupy the microcracks on the surface formed by the surface treatment, a stable Si-O-Si layer is formed after the heat treatment, the bonding strength is obviously improved compared with that of the traditional coupling agent, and the crack repairing effect is achieved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for manufacturing a pole part of a circuit breaker according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the following examples are only for clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a pole part of a circuit breaker, which utilizes etching solution (68% of HNO by mass fraction) for a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber3And 40% HF, 1: 1 volume ratio) for 30 min. And after the acid etching is finished, cleaning the steel plate by using deionized water and then drying the steel plate by using oilless air. Mixing 30% SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber by utilizing a dip coating method, the coating thickness is 20 mu m, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 60% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 12h, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3h, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. All the trial-produced products can pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354-2018 height)Voltage test technique partial discharge measurement).
Comparative example 1
Etching solution (68% of HNO by mass fraction) is utilized for a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber3And 40% HF, 1: 1 volume ratio) for 30 min. And after the acid etching is finished, cleaning the steel plate by using deionized water and then drying the steel plate by using oilless air. Uniformly coating the silane coupling agent on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, wherein the thickness of the coating is 20 microns, naturally drying the arc-extinguishing chamber in a drying oven with 60% RH at room temperature, taking out the arc-extinguishing chamber after 12 hours, carrying out heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3 hours, and slowly cooling to the room temperature. And (3) casting and molding the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG (active matrix glass) process. All the trial-manufactured products can not pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement).
Specific example 2
As shown in figure 1, the surface of a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is made of Al2O3Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the particles, wherein the particle size of the particles is 100 mu m, and the sand blasting pressure is set to be 2.5 MPa; the time period was 30 s. After sand blasting, the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is cleaned by deionized water and then dried by oilless air. Mixing 30% SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber by utilizing a dip coating method, the coating thickness is 20 mu m, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 60% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 12h, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3h, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. All the trial-manufactured products can pass a partial discharge test (GB/T7354-2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement).
Comparative example 2
Al is used for the surface of a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber2O3Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the particles, wherein the particle size of the particles is 100 mu m, and the sand blasting pressure is set to be 2.5 MPa; the time period was 30 s. After sand blasting, the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is cleaned by deionized water and then dried by oilless air. The coupling agent is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the coating thickness is 20 microns, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 60% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 12 hours, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3 hours, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. All the trial products are The method passes the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement).
Comparative example 3
Cleaning a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with deionized water, and then cleaning 30% SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber by utilizing a dip coating method, the coating thickness is 20 mu m, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 60% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 12h, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3h, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. All the trial-manufactured products can not pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement).
Comparative example 4
Cleaning the surface of a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with deionized water, uniformly coating the coupling agent on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, wherein the thickness of the coating is 20 mu m, naturally drying the arc-extinguishing chamber in a drying box with 60% RH at room temperature, taking out the arc-extinguishing chamber after 12h, carrying out heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3h, and slowly cooling to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. All the trial-manufactured products can not pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement).
TABLE 1
The results of the six sets of tests are shown in table 1, from which it can be seen that the circuit breaker pole part prepared according to the method of the present invention, whether it is an APG process or an injection molding process, passes the partial discharge test. The pole part of the circuit breaker, which is not prepared by the surface treatment method, can not pass the partial discharge test. Therefore, the method for manufacturing the pole part of the circuit breaker provided by the invention can overcome the defects of the production process in the prior art by surface treatment of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and meets the actual production requirements.
Specific example 3
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a method for manufacturing a pole part of a circuit breaker, which uses SiO on the surface of a 40.5kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber2Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the particles, wherein the particle size of the particles is 50 microns, and the sand blasting pressure is set to be 2 MPa; the time period was 50 s. After sand blasting, the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is cleaned by deionized water and then dried by oilless air. Mixing 20% SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber by using a dip coating method, the coating thickness is 30 ℃, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 50% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 24 hours, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 4 hours, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. All the trial-manufactured products can pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement).
Specific example 4
As shown in figure 1, the surface of a 12kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is made of Al2O3Carrying out sand blasting treatment on the particles, wherein the particle size of the particles is 100 mu m, and the sand blasting pressure is set to be 2.5 MPa; the time period was 30 s. After sand blasting, the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is cleaned by deionized water and then dried by oilless air. Mixing 30% SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber by utilizing a dip coating method, the coating thickness is 20 mu m, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 60% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 12h, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3h, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. The trial product can pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354-2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement). The product to be tested is arranged in a breaker assembly of a metal armored switch cabinet, 20000 times of repeated operation tests are carried out on the breaker assembly with a sample by using a mechanical running-in test device according to a standard GB/T1984-2014 high-voltage alternating-current breaker, and the operation frequency is set to be 3 times/min. After this test, the samples still passed the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technique partial discharge measurement).
Comparative example 5
As shown in figure 1, the surface of a 12kV vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber is made of Al2O3The particles are subjected to sand blasting treatment, the particle size of the particles is 100 mu m,the sand blasting pressure is set to be 2.5 MPa; the time period was 30 s. After sand blasting, the vacuum arc extinguish chamber is cleaned by deionized water and then dried by oilless air. The coupling agent is uniformly coated on the surface of a vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, the coating thickness is 20 microns, the arc-extinguishing chamber is placed in a drying oven with 60% RH for room temperature natural drying, taken out after 12 hours, subjected to heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 3 hours, and slowly cooled to the room temperature. And forming the solid-sealed polar pole by using an APG process or an injection molding process. The trial-produced product can pass the partial discharge test (GB/T7354 and 2018 high voltage test technology partial discharge measurement). The manufactured sample is installed in a breaker assembly of a metal armored switch cabinet, 20000 times of repeated operation tests are carried out on the breaker assembly with the sample by using a mechanical running-in test device according to a standard GB/T1984-. After this test, the sample failed the partial discharge test (GB/T7354-2018 high voltage testing technique partial discharge measurement).
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it should be noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the invention and these are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for manufacturing a pole part of a circuit breaker is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
roughening the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber;
coating silica sol on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber;
carrying out heat treatment on the arc extinguish chamber;
and (3) preparing and molding the solid-sealed polar pole product by utilizing an automatic pressure gel process or an injection molding process according to different outer coating insulating layers.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the roughening treatment includes two modes of sand blasting treatment and acid etching treatment.
3. According to claim2 the method for manufacturing the pole part of the circuit breaker is characterized in that: the sand blasting process comprises the following specific steps: using Al on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber2O3Or SiO2Carrying out sand blasting treatment on particles, wherein the particle size of the particles is 20-200 mu m, the sand blasting pressure is set to be 1-5 MPa, the time is 15-100 s, and after sand blasting, cleaning the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with deionized water and then drying the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber with oilless air.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: the acid etching treatment process specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) carrying out acid etching on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber porcelain piece by using etching liquid, wherein the acid etching time is 10-60 min, and after the acid etching is finished, cleaning by using deionized water and then drying by using oilless air.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method further comprises: the etching solution is HNO with the mass fraction of 68 percent3And 40% by mass of HF in a volume ratio of 1: 1 proportion is mixed.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the silica sol coating process specifically comprises the following steps: 20 to 50 percent of SiO2The hydrosol is uniformly coated on the surface of the vacuum arc-extinguishing chamber, and the thickness of the coating is 0.1-100 mu m.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises: coating methods include dip-coating, spin coating, or spray coating.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: the arc extinguish chamber heat treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) naturally drying the arc extinguishing chamber in a drying oven with relative humidity of 30-75% at room temperature, taking out after 3-24 h, carrying out heat treatment in an oven with the temperature of 150 ℃ for 1-6 h, and cooling to room temperature.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method further comprises: if the outer coating layer is made of a thermosetting insulating material, an automatic pressure gel process is selected, and if the outer coating layer is made of a thermoplastic insulating material, an injection molding process is selected.
10. A circuit breaker pole component is characterized in that: the circuit breaker pole part manufactured by the method for manufacturing the circuit breaker pole part according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN111863485B (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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