CN111859697A - Simulation method for heating simulation of plate blank of radiant tube heating furnace - Google Patents
Simulation method for heating simulation of plate blank of radiant tube heating furnace Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a heating simulation method for a plate blank of a radiant tube heating furnace, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing a three-dimensional simulation model, then simulating the heat transfer process of a radiant tube in a furnace body through an Interface surface, finally simulating and solving through simulation software, and simultaneously carrying out subsequent visual display results. Unlike the direct jet combustion of the burner in the furnace, the simulation realizes the indirect heat exchange between the combustion gas in the radiant tube and the protective gas in the furnace by a method of coupling Interface surfaces. The present model can be used to identify potential production problems and optimize furnace operation by providing a reasonable prediction of slab temperature.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention belongs to the field of computational fluid mechanics, and particularly relates to a simulation method for heating of a plate blank of a radiant tube heating furnace.
[ background of the invention ]
Furnaces are important thermal processing equipment. Because of the direct combustion of the furnace, the slab is in direct contact with the combustion products, resulting in surface oxidation or decarburization of the slab during heating. To avoid these effects, radiant tubes are often used in furnaces to separate the furnace shielding gas from the combustion gases. Heat transfer between the protective gas and the combustion gases within the furnace occurs indirectly within the furnace. The temperature of the furnace is high due to the combustion of the gas, which makes it difficult to manually study the parameters involved in the process. The reproducibility of such experiments also requires a significant amount of resources, mainly money and manpower. Therefore, CFD has become a hot spot for the research of high temperature applications in recent years. CFD can be used to study heat transfer mechanisms and study and improve furnace conditions without significant cost. Significant progress has been made in recent years in practical and commercial applications.
Through research and analysis on numerical simulation of heating furnaces at home and abroad, the direct-fired heating furnace is basically simulated without a radiant tube at present. A simulation method of heat transfer fluid in a heating furnace is described in patent [ CN 106650133 a ] by wangchun et al, university in south and central province. The method for modeling and simulating the furnace body, the plate blank and the burner in the heating furnace is described in detail. This model is a burner that is directly exposed to the furnace and does not have radiant tubes to block direct contact of the combustion products with the plates. The surface of the slab is prone to defects during heating. Yanshan university Liufeng et al in a patent (CN 108363857A) introduce a regenerative heating furnace flow field and a method for analyzing the internal temperature and thermal stress of a workpiece. And the burner in the furnace is directly burnt in the furnace, so that the performance of heating the workpiece is influenced.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a simulation method for heating simulation of a slab of a radiant tube heating furnace, which is used for solving the problem that the simulation method for the heating furnace with the radiant tube is lacked in the conventional simulation method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the purpose:
a simulation method for heating simulation of a plate blank of a radiant tube heating furnace comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of a furnace body, a plate blank and a radiant tube of a heating furnace according to an actual heating furnace structure, wherein gas distributed in the furnace body is furnace gas;
and 4, visualizing the solution result to obtain a speed flow chart and a temperature cloud chart of the plate blank, and ending the simulation.
The invention is further improved in that:
preferably, in step 1, the three-dimensional simulation model is built by Gambit.
Preferably, in step 1, the furnace wall of the furnace body is a heat-insulating wall surface.
Preferably, in step 1, the three-dimensional simulation model further includes a simulation model of a roller bed.
Preferably, in the step 2, the furnace gas and the radiant tube are cut through Boolean reduction cutting; and 4, carrying out post-processing analysis on the solved result through tecplot.
Preferably, the specific process of step 3 is:
step 3.1, dividing a furnace body, a plate blank and a radiant tube three-dimensional simulation model into a tetrahedral latticed simulation model;
step 3.2, the tetrahedral mesh of the radiant tube and the plate blank is encrypted to obtain a three-dimensional simulation mesh model after mesh refinement;
and 3.3, setting a turbulence model, a radiation model and a combustion model, inputting physical property parameters and furnace time of the plate blank, and solving the three-dimensional simulation grid model through Fluent fluid simulation software.
Preferably, in step 3.1, the tetrahedral mesh is divided by Gambit.
Preferably, in step 3.2, the tetrahedral mesh is encrypted by a mesh encryption tool in the Gambit, so as to obtain a three-dimensional simulation network model after mesh refinement.
Preferably, in step 3.3, the turbulence model, the radiation model and the combustion model are established to solve the three-dimensional simulation network model.
Preferably, the visual display result comprises a velocity flow chart and a temperature cloud chart.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention discloses a heating simulation method for a plate blank of a radiant tube heating furnace, which comprises the steps of firstly establishing a three-dimensional simulation model, cutting an interface between a radiant tube and a furnace body through Boolean reduction, and enabling a coupled surface to form a specific solid surface because a coupled option is used in a coupling process, so that the plate blank is not heated by the radiant tube only through combustion heating, but rather is more in line with the actual heating condition in the heating furnace; the method is characterized in that the original direct combustion heating mode is changed into two heat transfer modes, specifically, combustion gas in a radiation tube directly heats furnace gas through a solid surface, the furnace gas completes heat transfer on a moving plate blank through convective heat transfer, and the radiation tube completes heating of the plate blank through radiation heat transfer; compared with the traditional method for testing the temperature of the plate blank through experiments, the method can predict the surface and internal temperature of the plate blank only through computer simulation, and can greatly save the manual test cost. The present model can be used to identify potential production problems and optimize furnace operation by providing a reasonable prediction of slab temperature. According to the method, under the condition that the radiant tube is used as a main heat source in the furnace, direct contact between combustion products and the surface of the plate blank can be effectively blocked, the plate blank is heated, the actual condition of heating change of the plate blank in the furnace is simulated, and the quality of a heating product is improved.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a simulation method for heating a slab of a radiant tube heating furnace according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation model of a radiant tube heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a detailed flowchart of step S1 in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation model of a single-ended sleeve-type radiant tube according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detailed flowchart of step S3 in FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional simulation model grid of a radiant tube heating furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure, 1-slab; 2-furnace body; 3-roller bed; 4-a radiant tube; 5-a gas nozzle; 6-primary air inlet; 7-a secondary air inlet; 8-outer tube; 9-lining tube; 10-a burner; 41-a first radiant tube; 42-second radiant tube.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention; the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance; furthermore, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and encompass, for example, both fixed and removable connections; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The invention aims to provide a simulation method for heating a plate blank of a radiant tube heating furnace, which can effectively prevent a combustion product from directly contacting the surface of the plate blank so as to heat the plate blank under the condition that a radiant tube is used as a main heat source in the furnace, and improve the quality of a heating product.
In order to achieve the purpose, the simulation method for heating the plate blank of the radiant tube heating furnace, referring to fig. 1, comprises the following steps:
s1: establishing a three-dimensional simulation model according to the structure of a heating furnace to be simulated, the spatial structure and distribution of the radiant tubes and the self structure of the plate blank; referring to fig. 3, the building of the three-dimensional simulation model in the step S1 includes:
establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of a single-end sleeve type radiant tube in a heating furnace to be simulated, which comprises the following specific processes: building a three-dimensional simulation model of the single-ended sleeve type radiant tube according to the actual size of the single-ended sleeve type radiant tube by using Gambit software; the single-end sleeve type radiant tube burner is simplified, the simplified heat exchanger does not consider the structure with the heat exchange function in the heat exchanger, only considers the preheating function of secondary air on the heat exchanger, and the single-end sleeve type radiant tubes are arranged according to the arrangement mode of the secondary air in the furnace.
According to the spatial structure of the heating furnace body to be simulated and the arrangement of the single-end sleeve type radiant tube in the furnace, building a three-dimensional structure of the heating furnace body by using Gambit software; according to the spatial structure and distribution of the plate blank to be simulated in the furnace, establishing a three-dimensional structure of the plate blank through Gambit software;
and simplifying the surface of the established three-dimensional structure of the furnace body.
Referring to fig. 2 and 4, which are three-dimensional simulation diagrams of a heating furnace, it can be seen that the structure of the single-end sleeve type radiant tube of the heating furnace comprises a plate blank 1, a furnace body 2, a roller way 3 and a radiant tube 4; a layer of radiant tube 4 is respectively distributed in the lower space and the upper space in the furnace body 2 of the heating furnace, namely two layers of radiant tubes 4 are distributed in the furnace body 2; a row of roller ways 3 are arranged between the two layers of radiant tubes 4, and the plate blank 1 which is heated and moves simultaneously is placed on the roller ways 3; the radiant tube 4 of each layer includes a plurality of radiant tubes 4 that the equidistance was arranged, and the one end mount of each radiant tube 4 is adorned on a lateral wall of furnace body 2, all is fixed on each lateral wall of furnace body 2 and is provided with two rows of radiant tubes 4 from top to bottom promptly, and the perpendicular lateral wall of each radiant tube 4 is provided with two relative radiant tubes 4 on the axis along the direction of perpendicular to furnace body 2 lateral wall, and two relative radiant tubes 4 are installed respectively on two lateral walls. The radiant tube 4 is divided into a first radiant tube 41 and a second radiant tube 42, the length of the first radiant tube 41 is longer than that of the second radiant tube 42, two opposite radiant tubes 4 on the same axis comprise the first radiant tube 41 and the second radiant tube 42, and the outer end face of the first radiant tube 41 and the outer end face of the second radiant tube 42 on the same axis are not in contact; the first radiant tubes 41 and the second radiant tubes 42 are arranged alternately in the radiant tubes 4 of the same layer on the same side wall.
Referring to fig. 4, the structure of the radiant tube 4 is schematically illustrated, and the radiant tube includes an outer tube 8, a coaxial inner lining tube 9 and a burner 10 are sleeved in the outer tube 8, and an air outlet end of the burner 10 is communicated with an air inlet pipe of the inner lining tube 9 through a pipeline; a burner 10 in the front part inside the outer tube 8 and a liner tube 9 in the rear part inside the outer tube 8; the preceding terminal surface of combustor 10 and the preceding terminal surface parallel and level of outer tube 8, the center pin department of terminal surface is provided with gas nozzle 1 before combustor 10, sets up the ring on the preceding terminal surface of combustor 10, and ring and combustor 10 coaxial line, this ring are primary air inlet 6, are provided with coaxial ring on the outlet face of combustor 10, and the ring on the outlet face is secondary air inlet 7.
S2: the radiant tube realizes the indirect heat transfer of the radiant tube in the furnace by a coupling interface method;
the coupling interface takes the outer wall of the radiant tube as a coupling boundary condition through a mesh interface in Fluent software, so that the wall of the radiant tube can generate heat conduction along the thickness and length directions, and the wall surface of the radiant tube can also generate convection heat exchange with combustion gas in the radiant tube and protective gas in the furnace.
The method comprises the steps of firstly cutting a radiation tube 4 and a furnace body 2 through Boolean subtraction, separating the radiation tube 4 and furnace gas, forming two surfaces after cutting because all the radiation tubes 4 are surrounded by the furnace gas, wherein one surface is the outer wall surface of the radiation tube 4, the other surface is the inner surface of the furnace gas, which is contacted with the radiation tube 4 and belongs to the furnace gas, coupling the outer wall surface of the radiation tube 4 and the inner surface of the furnace gas through a mesh interface, simultaneously selecting a coupled option in the coupling process to enable the two surfaces to be coupled into a solid surface, and performing indirect heat exchange between combustion gas in the radiation tube and process gas in the furnace through the wall of the radiation tube as a coupling result to enable the furnace gas to perform convection heat exchange on a plate blank and performing radiation heat exchange on the plate blank through the high temperature of the surface of the wall of. In the coupling process, the outer wall of the radiant tube 1 is used as a coupling boundary condition. Through the coupling, the internal combustion flame of the radiant tube 4 can be reflected more truly under the three-dimensional condition, and the plate blank 1 is indirectly heated through the radiant tube 4, so that the accuracy of the model is improved.
S3: referring to fig. 5, according to preset parameters, using fluid simulation software Fluent to perform numerical solution on the three-dimensional simulation model;
the numerical solution of the three-dimensional simulation model by using the fluid simulation software Fluent according to the preset parameters specifically comprises the following steps:
generating a tetrahedral grid by using Gambit software according to the three-dimensional simulation model;
the grids of the single-end sleeve type radiant tube (4) and the slab (1) in the three-dimensional simulation model are refined as much as possible, so that the change conditions of the two radiant tubes in the reaction furnace can be accurate as much as possible in the simulation process, and meanwhile, the calculation amount needs to be considered, so that the state of calculation is prevented from being diffused;
setting a turbulence model, a radiation model and a combustion model according to the thermophysical parameters of the plate blank 1 and the furnace-in time of the plate blank 1, and carrying out numerical solution on the three-dimensional simulation model by using Fluent software to solve the whole heating process
When the solution result converges, the result is exported to Tecplot software for analysis.
S4: and (3) carrying out post-processing analysis on the solved result by using a software Tecplot to obtain a temperature change cloud chart of the plate blank 1 in the heating process and a speed flow chart and a temperature cloud chart of the plate blank 1 during movement.
Example one
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a simulation method for heating a slab of a radiant tube heating furnace, which includes the following steps:
s1, establishing a three-dimensional simulation model according to the structure of the heating furnace to be simulated, the spatial structure and distribution of the radiant tubes and the self structure of the plate blank;
three-dimensional models of the single-end sleeve type radiant tube, the furnace body, the plate blank and the roller way are respectively established, the required three-dimensional simulation model is obtained by integrating the three models, and the spatial structures of the plate blank 1, the furnace body 2, the roller way 3 and a plurality of single-end sleeve type radiant tubes 4 positioned on two sides of the furnace body 2 are shown in figure 2. Since the furnace is large overall, FIG. 2 only shows a three-dimensional simulation model of the furnace in the third temperature control zone.
Wherein, referring to fig. 3, step S1 includes:
s1.1, determining a three-dimensional simulation model of a single-end sleeve type radiant tube in a heating furnace to be simulated;
the three-dimensional simulation model of the single-ended sleeve-type radiant tube can be obtained by Gambit software, and is specifically shown in FIG. 4. The gas in the radiant tube is firstly sprayed out from the gas nozzle 1, mixed and combusted with the air sprayed out from the primary air inlet 6 in the combustor 10, and then the residual unburned gas and combustion products are mixed and combusted with the air sprayed out from the secondary air inlet 7 in the radiant tube. Finally, the combustion products flow back to the outer wall of the heating radiant tube 4 through a round seam between the outer radiant tube 8 and the lining tube 9;
the heat exchange structure inside the burner 10 in the single-end sleeve type radiant tube 4 is simplified, only the preheating effect of the burner 10 on secondary air is considered, and discontinuous air inlets are simplified into continuous circular rings, so that the division of grids is facilitated. The radiant tubes are arranged in the furnace in a staggered manner.
S1.2, determining a three-dimensional simulation model of the heating furnace body to be simulated and the plate blank in the heating furnace.
The three-dimensional simulation model of the heating furnace body and the plate blank can be obtained by Gambit software, and is specifically shown in figure 2;
the simplified treatment of the three-dimensional structured surface of the furnace body built up consists in neglecting the thickness of the furnace wall and in viewing the furnace wall as an adiabatic surface.
S2, the radiant tube realizes indirect heat transfer of the radiant tube in the furnace by a method of coupling Interface surfaces;
the coupling interface takes the interface of the outer wall of the radiant tube and the protective gas in the furnace as the coupling boundary condition through the mesh interface, so that the wall of the radiant tube can generate heat conduction along the thickness and length directions, and the wall surface of the radiant tube can also generate convection heat exchange with the combustion gas in the radiant tube and the protective gas in the furnace.
Referring to fig. 5, wherein step S3 includes the steps of:
s3.1, generating a tetrahedral grid by using Gambit software according to the three-dimensional simulation model;
the three-dimensional simulation model comprises a heating furnace body, a roller way, a plate blank and a single-end sleeve type radiant tube three-dimensional simulation model. And generating an unstructured tetrahedral mesh according to the three-dimensional simulation model by using a mesh division tool in Gambit, and specifically referring to FIG. 6.
S3.2, refining grids of the single-end sleeve type radiant tube and the plate blank part in the three-dimensional simulation model;
in order to improve the calculation accuracy, a grid encryption tool in the Gambit is used for encrypting the grids of the single-ended sleeve type radiant tube and the slab part, and particularly, see fig. 6.
S3.3, according to the thermophysical parameters of the plate blank and the on-furnace time of the plate blank, performing numerical solution on the three-dimensional simulation model by using Fluent software;
selecting a proper turbulence model, a radiation model and a combustion model, wherein in the embodiment, the turbulence model is a Realizable model; the radiation model is a DO model and the combustion model is an EDM model. According to the material properties of the slab, thermophysical parameters (including density, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and the like) of the slab (in the embodiment, a steel plate is selected) are set, then related parameters of gas flow and air flow of a burner in the single-end casing type radiant tube and boundary conditions of a furnace wall, the steel plate and a roller way are set, finally, the total time step length is set, and calculation is started to obtain the temperature change condition of the slab 1 in the heating process.
And S3.4, when the solution result is converged, exporting the result to Tecplot software for analysis.
And S4, performing post-processing analysis on the solution result by using a software Tecplot.
The post-processing is visualization, that is, simulation results (in the form of digital documents) are displayed in the form of images such as a flow chart and a temperature cloud chart.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A simulation method for heating simulation of a plate blank of a radiant tube heating furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, establishing a three-dimensional simulation model of a furnace body (2), a plate blank (1) and a radiant tube (4) of a heating furnace according to an actual heating furnace structure, wherein gas distributed in the furnace body (2) is furnace gas;
step 2, cutting the furnace gas and the radiant tube (4), separating a contact surface of the furnace gas and the radiant tube (4), forming an outer wall surface of the radiant tube (4) and an inner surface of the furnace gas, and coupling the inner surface of the furnace gas and the outer wall surface of the radiant tube (4) through a mesh interface to form a solid surface outside the radiant tube (4) so that the heating of the slab (1) comprises convection heat transfer of the radiant tube (4) and radiation heat transfer of the furnace gas;
step 3, simulating and solving a three-dimensional simulation model of the slab (1) on the basis that the slab (1) is subjected to convective heat transfer and radiative heat transfer at the same time to obtain the temperature change process in the surface and internal heating of the slab (1);
and 4, visualizing the solution result to obtain a speed flow chart and a temperature cloud chart of the slab (1), and ending the simulation.
2. The simulation method for simulating heating of a slab in a radiant tube heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the three-dimensional simulation model is built by Gambit.
3. The simulation method for simulating heating of a slab in a radiant tube heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the wall of the furnace body (2) is a heat-insulating wall surface.
4. The heating simulation method for the slab of the radiant tube heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the three-dimensional simulation model further comprises a simulation model of a roller bed (3).
5. The simulated simulation method for heating of the slab of the radiant tube heating furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the furnace gas and the radiant tube (4) are cut through Boolean cut; and 4, carrying out post-processing analysis on the solved result through tecplot.
6. The simulation method for slab heating simulation in a radiant tube heating furnace according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the specific process of step 3 is as follows:
step 3.1, dividing a three-dimensional simulation model of the furnace body (2), the plate blank (1) and the radiant tube (4) into a tetrahedral latticed simulation model;
step 3.2, the tetrahedral meshes of the radiant tube (4) and the slab (1) are encrypted to obtain a three-dimensional simulation mesh model after mesh refinement;
and 3.3, setting a turbulence model, a radiation model and a combustion model, inputting physical property parameters and furnace time of the plate blank (1), and solving the three-dimensional simulation grid model through Fluent fluid simulation software.
7. The simulation method for simulating heating of a slab in a radiant tube heating furnace according to claim 6, wherein in step 3.1, tetrahedral meshes are divided by Gambit.
8. The heating simulation method for a radiant tube heating furnace slab as claimed in claim 6, wherein in step 3.2, the tetrahedral mesh is encrypted by a mesh encryption tool in Gambit to obtain a three-dimensional simulation network model after mesh refinement.
9. The heating simulation method for the slab of the radiant tube heating furnace according to claim 6, wherein in step 3.3, the turbulence model, the radiation model and the combustion model are established to solve the three-dimensional simulation network model.
10. The simulated simulation method for heating of a slab of a radiant tube heating furnace as claimed in claim 6, wherein the visual display results comprise a velocity flow chart and a temperature cloud chart.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113011068A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-22 | 赣江新区澳博颗粒科技研究院有限公司 | Three-dimensional simulation method for walking beam type plate blank heating |
| CN113688483A (en) * | 2021-10-09 | 2021-11-23 | 中冶京诚工程技术有限公司 | Method and device for simulating cooling wall of blast furnace |
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