CN111852714A - Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof - Google Patents
Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111852714A CN111852714A CN202010717223.5A CN202010717223A CN111852714A CN 111852714 A CN111852714 A CN 111852714A CN 202010717223 A CN202010717223 A CN 202010717223A CN 111852714 A CN111852714 A CN 111852714A
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- switch
- starter
- starting
- electromagnetic
- relay
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- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 116
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0803—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for initiating engine start or stop
- F02N11/0811—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for initiating engine start or stop using a timer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/0814—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
- F02N11/0818—Conditions for starting or stopping the engine or for deactivating the idle-start-stop mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/08—Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
- F02N11/087—Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/10—Safety devices
- F02N11/101—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N11/00—Starting of engines by means of electric motors
- F02N11/10—Safety devices
- F02N11/101—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
- F02N11/105—Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement when the engine is already running
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/40—Engine management systems
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
- Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a starter protection system for a forklift, which comprises a storage battery B, wherein the positive electrode of the storage battery B is respectively connected with a power input end B + of a starting switch and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic master switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected with a control device M of a starter; the first output end ON of the starting switch is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of an electromagnetic main switch K1 and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is connected with a power supply end S1 of a time relay K2, and a static contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with the movable contact of the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter. The invention also discloses a starting protection method of the starter protection system for the forklift. The invention has good protection effect on the starting machine of the forklift during starting and has certain protection function on the safety performance of the forklift after flameout.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forklift starter protection, in particular to a starter protection system for a forklift and a start protection method thereof.
Background
The forklift starter is a short-time working electrical equipment, is used for starting a forklift, drives an engine to work through the work of the starter, and stops working after the engine works.
At present, fork truck starting system generally all is the start-up and flame-out that the whole car of fork truck was realized to cooperation starting switch use, and the easy problem that appears of market feedback fork truck starting system has two kinds of situations: firstly, after the forklift is started, the forklift starter is still in a working state, and the starter which works for a short time is very easy to damage; secondly, after the forklift is flamed out, the starter control device is directly connected with the positive end of the storage battery, so that the self-starting phenomenon of the starter easily occurs.
Above two kinds of circumstances, fork truck's starting system all has certain potential safety hazard, very easily causes starter damage and incident.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a starter protection system for a forklift, which can effectively solve the problem of starting safety in the using and flameout states of the forklift.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a starter protection system for a forklift comprises a storage battery B, wherein the positive electrode of the storage battery B is respectively connected with a power input end B + of a starting switch and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic master switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected with a control device M of a starter; the first output end ON of the starting switch is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of an electromagnetic master switch K1 and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the coil of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected with a power supply end S1 of a time relay K2, and a static contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with the movable contact of the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter; the second output end Starter of the starting switch is connected with one end of a third fuse F3, the other end of the third fuse F3 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of a starting relay K3 and a control end S2 of a time relay K2, the other end of the coil of a starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of a neutral switch K4, and a static contact of the neutral switch K4 and a negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are both connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery B.
The time relay K2 is a timing relay, and the set time is 5 seconds.
The neutral switch K4 is a normally open type waterproof switch.
And the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter and the grounding end of the control device M are grounded through the whole vehicle body.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a start-up protection method for a starter protection system of a forklift, comprising the following sequential steps:
(1) the neutral switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch is switched ON to an ON gear, the storage battery B supplies power to the starting relay K3 and the electromagnetic main switch K1, the starting relay K3 is electrified, and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified;
(2) when the rotary starting switch is switched on to a Starter gear, the starting relay K3 is electrified to work to supply power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter, and when the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter is electrified to work, the control device M of the Starter works, so that the whole vehicle is started;
(3) the time relay K2 receives a Starter shift signal of the Starter switch, after 5 seconds of delay, a power supply end S1 and a negative electrode end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected, a coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 loses power, a first contact a and a second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the Starter stops working;
(4) if the Starter gear is actively disconnected by the starting switch, the Starter stops working; otherwise, executing step (3) and stopping the starter.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: firstly, the connection mode of the storage battery B and the starter control device M is controlled by using the electromagnetic master switch K1, and the use of a time relay K2 is combined, so that the protection of the starter of the forklift in a short-time working system is realized, the protection of the starter of the forklift in the starting process is realized by applying the electromagnetic master switch K1 to lose power after the forklift is shut down, the connection between the storage battery B and the starter control device M is actively disconnected, and the self-starting phenomenon of the starter of the forklift in the shut down state is thoroughly eliminated; secondly, when the starting switch is in an ON gear state, the coil end of the starting relay K3 is electrified, the electromagnetic main switch K1 is in a working state, the starting switch is in a Starter gear state, the starting relay K3 is in a working state, and the Starter is started, so that the whole vehicle is started, after the time relay K2 receives a signal 5S of the starting switch in the Starter gear, the working state of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is cut off, the working power supply of the Starter is cut off, and the protection of the Starter in the state after the whole vehicle is started is realized; thirdly, when the whole vehicle is in a flameout state, a circuit of the storage battery B directly connected to the starter control device M is cut off through the electromagnetic main switch K1, and the self-starting phenomenon of the starter in the flameout state is avoided; fourthly, the invention has good protection effect on the starting motor of the forklift during starting and has certain protection function on the safety performance of the forklift after flameout.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, a starter protection system for a forklift includes a battery B, the positive pole of which is connected to a power input terminal B + of a starter switch 1 and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected to a first contact a of an electromagnetic master switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected to a control device M of a starter 2; the first output end ON of the starting switch 1 is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of an electromagnetic master switch K1 and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the coil of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected with a power supply end S1 of a time relay K2, and a static contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with the movable contact of the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter 2; the second output end Starter of the starting switch 1 is connected with one end of a third fuse F3, the other end of the third fuse F3 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of a starting relay K3 and a control end S2 of a time relay K2, the other end of the coil of a starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of a neutral switch K4, and a static contact of the neutral switch K4 and a negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are both connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery B.
The time relay K2 is a timing relay, and the set time is 5 seconds.
The neutral switch K4 is a normally open type waterproof switch.
The electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter 2 and the grounding end of the control device M are grounded through the whole vehicle body.
The method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) the neutral switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is switched ON to an ON gear, the storage battery B supplies power to the starting relay K3 and the electromagnetic main switch K1, the starting relay K3 is electrified, and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified;
(2) when the rotary starting switch 1 is switched on to a Starter gear, the starting relay K3 is electrified to work to supply power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2, and when the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 is electrified to work, the control device M of the Starter 2 works, so that the whole vehicle is started;
(3) the time relay K2 receives a Starter shift signal of the starting switch 1, after 5 seconds of delay, a power supply end S1 and a negative electrode end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected, a coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 loses power, a first contact a and a second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the starting machine 2 stops working;
(4) if the Starter gear is actively disconnected by the starting switch 1, the Starter 2 stops working; otherwise, step (3) is executed, and the starter 2 stops working.
The invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1.
Step (2) is performed ON the premise of completing step (1), the Starter gear port of the rotary starting switch 1 is connected, the starting relay K3 receives a Starter gear signal of the starting switch 1 and controls the coil end of the starting relay K3 to be electrified, so that the contact end of the starting relay K3 is controlled to be closed, after the contact of the starting relay K3 is closed, a power supply is provided for the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 through the ON gear of the starting switch 1, the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 is electrified to work, the control device M of the Starter 2 starts to work, and the whole vehicle is started. After receiving the Starter shift signal 5S of the Starter switch 1, the time relay K2 cuts off the coil end circuit of the electromagnetic main switch K1, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is not operated after power failure, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, the control device M of the Starter 2 is not operated, and the Starter 2 is not operated.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
when the neutral switch K4 is operated to be switched ON, the starting switch 1 is rotated to an ON gear position, one end of a contact of the starting relay K3 is electrified, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified to work, so that two ends of the contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are switched ON, the control device M of the starter 2 is electrified, and the starter 2 is in a waiting working state. Rotatory starting switch 1 is put to the Starter gear position, battery B gives the power supply of starting relay K3 coil through starting switch 1Starter shelves this moment, starting relay K3 coil gets electric work back, control starting relay K3 contact both ends actuation, battery B passes through starting switch 1ON shelves, the contact both ends after starting relay K3 actuation are given Starter 2 electromagnetic switch K5 power supply, Starter 2 electromagnetic switch K5 gets electric work back, Starter 2 controlling means M begins to work, thereby whole car starts. Meanwhile, the time relay K2 receives a signal of a Starter shift of the starting switch 1, after 5S timing, a coil circuit of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is cut off, after a coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered off, a contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is disconnected, the storage battery B does not supply power to the control device M of the Starter 2 any more, the whole vehicle is started at the moment, and the Starter 2 stops working.
The whole vehicle is grounded and communicated with the ground, the neutral switch K4 is a normally open switch, and the starting relay K3 can be electrified and operated only on the premise that the neutral switch K4 is closed, so that the whole vehicle can not be started in a gear; time relay K2 is a timer, after the control end S2 receives the Starter shift signal at the output end of Starter switch 1, the power end S1 and the negative end S3 of time relay K2 are disconnected, the coil of electromagnetic master switch K1 loses power, the first contact a and the second contact B of electromagnetic master switch K1 are disconnected, and electromagnetic master switch K does not work, so that the storage battery B is disconnected to supply power to Starter motor 2, and the protection effect on Starter motor 2 is achieved.
Under the condition that the whole vehicle has a starting condition, the storage battery B is used as a system power supply and directly supplies power to the first contact a of the electromagnetic main switch K1 and the starting switch 12. The neutral switch K4 is not closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is switched ON to an ON gear, and the whole vehicle is not started;
under the condition that the whole vehicle has a starting condition, the storage battery B is used as a system power supply and directly supplies power to the first contact a of the electromagnetic main switch K1 and the starting switch 1. After the neutral switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is switched ON to an ON gear, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified to work, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are driven to be closed to work, power is supplied to the control device M of the starter 2, the contact end of the starting relay K3 is electrified, and the whole vehicle is not started;
under the condition that the whole vehicle has a starting condition, the storage battery B is used as a system power supply and directly supplies power to the contact end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 and the starting switch 1. After the neutral switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is switched ON to an ON gear, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified to work, a first contact a and a second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are driven to be closed to work, power is supplied to the Starter 2 control device M, the contact end of the starting relay K3 is electrified, the rotary starting switch 1 is continuously switched ON to a Starter gear, the coil end of the starting relay K3 is electrified to work, the contact end of the starting relay K3 is driven to be closed to work, power is supplied to the Starter 2 electromagnetic switch K5, the electromagnetic switch K5 is electrified to work, the Starter 2 control device M starts to work, and the whole vehicle is started;
after the whole vehicle is started, the starting switch 1 returns to an ON gear connection state, and the coil end of the starting relay K3 loses electricity and does not work, so that the two ends of the contact of the starting relay K3 are controlled to be disconnected and do not work, the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter 2 loses electricity and stops working, the starter 2 stops working, and the whole vehicle is in a working state;
after the whole vehicle is started, the starting switch 1 is kept in a starter gear on-off state, a time relay K2 control end S2 disconnects a coil end of an electromagnetic main switch K1 to a circuit of a cathode of a storage battery B through a time relay K2 after receiving a starter switch 1starter gear signal 5S, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is power-off and does not work, meanwhile, two ends of a contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, so that the starter 2 is disconnected with the anode of the storage battery B, the starter 2 is power-off and stops working, and the whole vehicle is in a working state;
after the whole vehicle is flamed out, the starting switch 1 is kept in an OFF gear on state, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 loses electricity and does not work, the two ends of the contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are controlled to be disconnected, the anode of the storage battery B is disconnected to supply power to the control device M of the starter 2, and the starter 2 does not work.
In conclusion, the invention realizes the protection of the starter 2 of the short-time working system by using the electromagnetic master switch K1 to control the connection mode of the storage battery B and the starter 2 control device M and combining the use of the time relay K2, and the application in the forklift industry not only realizes the protection of the starter 2 of the forklift in the starting process, but also realizes the active disconnection of the storage battery B and the starter 2 control device M through the power loss of the electromagnetic master switch K1 after flameout, thereby thoroughly eliminating the self-starting phenomenon of the starter 2 of the forklift in the flameout state.
Claims (5)
1. A starter protection system for a forklift, characterized in that: the positive electrode of the storage battery B is respectively connected with a power supply input end B + of the starting switch and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic master switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected with a control device M of the starting machine; the first output end ON of the starting switch is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of an electromagnetic master switch K1 and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the coil of the electromagnetic master switch K1 is connected with a power supply end S1 of a time relay K2, and a static contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with the movable contact of the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter; the second output end Starter of the starting switch is connected with one end of a third fuse F3, the other end of the third fuse F3 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of a starting relay K3 and a control end S2 of a time relay K2, the other end of the coil of a starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of a neutral switch K4, and a static contact of the neutral switch K4 and a negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are both connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery B.
2. The starter protection system for a forklift according to claim 1, wherein: the time relay K2 is a timing relay, and the set time is 5 seconds.
3. The starter protection system for a forklift according to claim 1, wherein: the neutral switch K4 is a normally open type waterproof switch.
4. The starter protection system for a forklift according to claim 1, wherein: and the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter and the grounding end of the control device M are grounded through the whole vehicle body.
5. The start protection method of a starter protection system for a forklift according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) the neutral switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch is switched ON to an ON gear, the storage battery B supplies power to the starting relay K3 and the electromagnetic main switch K1, the starting relay K3 is electrified, and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified;
(2) when the rotary starting switch is switched on to a Starter gear, the starting relay K3 is electrified to work to supply power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter, and when the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter is electrified to work, the control device M of the Starter works, so that the whole vehicle is started;
(3) the time relay K2 receives a Starter shift signal of the Starter switch, after 5 seconds of delay, a power supply end S1 and a negative electrode end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected, a coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 loses power, a first contact a and a second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the Starter stops working;
(4) if the Starter gear is actively disconnected by the starting switch, the Starter stops working; otherwise, executing step (3) and stopping the starter.
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CN202010717223.5A CN111852714B (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof |
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CN202010717223.5A CN111852714B (en) | 2020-07-23 | 2020-07-23 | Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof |
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CN111852714B CN111852714B (en) | 2024-02-13 |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112539127A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-23 | 哈尔滨北方防务装备股份有限公司 | Starting control protection system for double-section tracked vehicle |
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CN104863772A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-08-26 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Starter protection circuit and vehicle comprising same |
CN205532981U (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-31 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Take starting circuit of neutral protection |
CN212250311U (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-12-29 | 安徽合力股份有限公司 | Starter protection system for forklift |
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2020
- 2020-07-23 CN CN202010717223.5A patent/CN111852714B/en active Active
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KR20000055822A (en) * | 1999-02-10 | 2000-09-15 | 에릭 발리베 | Protection circuit of starter |
JP2001271730A (en) * | 2000-03-24 | 2001-10-05 | Sumitomo Heavy Industries Construction Crane Co Ltd | Engine start circuit for construction machine |
JP2010163936A (en) * | 2009-01-14 | 2010-07-29 | Caterpillar Japan Ltd | Starter motor control circuit |
CN203627061U (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-06-04 | 杭叉集团股份有限公司 | Starting protection circuit of diesel fork lift truck |
CN104863772A (en) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-08-26 | 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 | Starter protection circuit and vehicle comprising same |
CN205532981U (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-31 | 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 | Take starting circuit of neutral protection |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN112539127A (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2021-03-23 | 哈尔滨北方防务装备股份有限公司 | Starting control protection system for double-section tracked vehicle |
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