CN111852714B - Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof - Google Patents

Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111852714B
CN111852714B CN202010717223.5A CN202010717223A CN111852714B CN 111852714 B CN111852714 B CN 111852714B CN 202010717223 A CN202010717223 A CN 202010717223A CN 111852714 B CN111852714 B CN 111852714B
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China
Prior art keywords
switch
starter
starting
electromagnetic
relay
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CN202010717223.5A
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CN111852714A (en
Inventor
张玉
白迎春
卓纳麟
孙光英
任西刚
陈颖
洪启升
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Anhui Heli Co Ltd
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Anhui Heli Co Ltd
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Classifications

    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0803Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for initiating engine start or stop
    • F02N11/0811Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines characterised by means for initiating engine start or stop using a timer
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/0814Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines comprising means for controlling automatic idle-start-stop
    • F02N11/0818Conditions for starting or stopping the engine or for deactivating the idle-start-stop mode
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/08Circuits or control means specially adapted for starting of engines
    • F02N11/087Details of the switching means in starting circuits, e.g. relays or electronic switches
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10Safety devices
    • F02N11/101Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02NSTARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F02N11/00Starting of engines by means of electric motors
    • F02N11/10Safety devices
    • F02N11/101Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement
    • F02N11/105Safety devices for preventing engine starter actuation or engagement when the engine is already running
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)
  • Motor And Converter Starters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a starter protection system for a forklift, which comprises a storage battery B, wherein the positive electrode of the storage battery B is respectively connected with the power input end B+ of a starting switch and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic main switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is connected with a control device M of the starter; the first output end ON of the starting switch is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is connected with one end of an electromagnetic main switch K1 coil and a movable contact of a starting relay K3 respectively, the other end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 coil is connected with a power end S1 of a time relay K2, and a static contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of an electromagnetic switch K5 of the starting motor. The invention also discloses a starting protection method of the starting protection system for the forklift. The invention has good protection effect on the forklift starter in starting and also has certain protection function on the safety performance of the forklift after flameout.

Description

Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forklift starter protection, in particular to a starter protection system for a forklift and a starter protection method thereof.
Background
The forklift starter is short-time work system electrical equipment used for starting a forklift, and drives an engine to work through the work of the starter, and after the engine works, the starter stops working.
At present, the forklift starting system is generally used in cooperation with a starting switch to realize the starting and flameout of the whole forklift, and the problem that the market feedback forklift starting system is easy to appear has two conditions: firstly, after the forklift is started, the forklift starter is still in a working state, and the starter which works in a short time is extremely easy to damage; secondly, after the forklift is flamed out, the starter control device is directly connected with the positive end of the storage battery, so that the phenomenon of self-starting of the starter is easy to occur.
In the two conditions, the starting system of the forklift has certain potential safety hazards, and the damage to the starter and the safety accidents are extremely easy to cause.
Disclosure of Invention
The primary aim of the invention is to provide a starter protection system for a forklift, which can effectively reduce the starting safety problem existing in two states of the forklift during use and after flameout.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a starter protection system for a forklift comprises a storage battery B, wherein the positive electrode of the storage battery B is respectively connected with one end of a power input end B+ and one end of a first fuse F1 of a starter switch, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic main switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is connected with a control device M of the starter; the first output end ON of the starting switch is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of an electromagnetic main switch K1 coil and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 coil is connected with a power end S1 of a time relay K2, and a fixed contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of an electromagnetic switch K5 of the starting motor; the second output end Starter of the starting switch is connected with one end of a third fuse F3, the other end of the third fuse F3 is connected with one end of a coil of the starting relay K3 and the control end S2 of the time relay K2 respectively, the other end of the coil of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of a neutral gear switch K4, and a static contact of the neutral gear switch K4 and a negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are connected with the negative electrode of a storage battery B.
The time relay K2 is a fixed time relay, and the set time is 5 seconds.
The neutral gear switch K4 is a normally open waterproof switch.
The electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter and the grounding end of the control device M are grounded through the whole vehicle body.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for protecting the start of a starter protection system for a forklift, comprising the following sequential steps:
(1) Closing a neutral gear switch K4, rotating the starting switch to be turned ON in the ON gear, and supplying power to a starting relay K3 and an electromagnetic main switch K1 by a storage battery B, wherein the starting relay K3 is powered ON, and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered ON;
(2) The rotary starting switch is switched on to the Starter gear, the starting relay K3 is electrified to work to supply power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter, and when the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter is electrified, the control device M of the Starter works, so that the whole vehicle is started;
(3) The time relay K2 receives a start switch Starter gear signal, the power end S1 and the negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected after delay for 5 seconds, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered off, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the Starter stops working;
(4) If the Starter gear is actively disconnected by the starting switch, the Starter stops working; otherwise, executing the step (3), and stopping the starter.
According to the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: firstly, the invention controls the connection mode of the storage battery B and the starter control device M by using the electromagnetic main switch K1, and combines the use of the time relay K2 to realize the protection of the starter of the short-time working system, thereby realizing the protection of the starter of the forklift in the starting process and the complete elimination of the self-starting phenomenon of the starter of the forklift in the flameout state by the power failure of the electromagnetic main switch K1 after flameout; secondly, the starting switch is in an ON gear state, the coil end of the starting relay K3 is powered ON and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is in a working state, the starting switch is in a Starter gear state, the starting relay K3 is in a working state, and the Starter is started, so that the whole vehicle is started, the time relay K2 cuts off the working state of the electromagnetic main switch K1 after receiving a Starter gear signal for 5 seconds, and cuts off the working power supply of the Starter, thereby realizing the protection of the Starter in the state after the whole vehicle is started; thirdly, when the whole vehicle is in a flameout state, the circuit of the storage battery B directly connected to the starter control device M is cut off through the electromagnetic main switch K1, so that the self-starting phenomenon of the starter in the flameout state is avoided; fourth, the invention has very good protective effect to the forklift starter in starting, also have certain protective function to the forklift safety performance after flameout at the same time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of the present invention.
Description of the embodiments
As shown in fig. 1, a starter protection system for a forklift includes a storage battery B, the positive electrode of which is respectively connected with a power input terminal b+ of a starter switch 1 and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic main switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is connected with a control device M of a starter 2; the first output end ON of the starting switch 1 is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of an electromagnetic main switch K1 coil and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 coil is connected with a power end S1 of a time relay K2, and a fixed contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of an electromagnetic switch K5 of the starting motor 2; the second output end Starter of the starting switch 1 is connected with one end of a third fuse F3, the other end of the third fuse F3 is connected with one end of a coil of the starting relay K3 and the control end S2 of the time relay K2 respectively, the other end of the coil of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of the neutral gear switch K4, and a static contact of the neutral gear switch K4 and the negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are connected with the negative electrode of the storage battery B.
The time relay K2 is a fixed time relay, and the set time is 5 seconds.
The neutral gear switch K4 is a normally open waterproof switch.
The electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter 2 and the grounding end of the control device M are grounded through the whole vehicle body.
The method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Closing a neutral gear switch K4, rotating a starting switch 1 to be switched ON from an ON gear, and supplying power to a starting relay K3 and an electromagnetic main switch K1 by a storage battery B, wherein the starting relay K3 is powered ON, and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered ON;
(2) The rotary starting switch 1 is switched on to the Starter gear, the starting relay K3 is electrified to work to supply power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2, and when the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 is electrified to work, the control device M of the Starter 2 works, so that the whole vehicle is started;
(3) The time relay K2 receives a start switch 1Starter gear signal, the power end S1 and the negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected after delay for 5 seconds, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered off, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the Starter 2 stops working;
(4) If the starting switch 1 actively disconnects the Starter gear, the Starter 2 stops working; otherwise, step (3) is executed, and starter 2 stops operating.
The invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1.
The step (2) is performed ON the premise of completing the step (1), a Starter gear port of the rotary starting switch 1 is connected, the starting relay K3 receives a Starter gear signal of the starting switch 1, the coil end of the starting relay K3 is controlled to be electrified, so that the contact end of the starting relay K3 is controlled to be closed, after the contact of the starting relay K3 is closed, the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starting motor 2 is powered through the starting switch 1ON gear, the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starting motor 2 is powered ON, the control device M of the starting motor 2 starts to work, and the whole vehicle is started. After the time relay K2 receives the Starter gear signal of the starting switch 1 for 5 seconds, a coil end circuit of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is cut off, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is not operated any more after power is lost, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, the control device M of the starting machine 2 is not operated any more, and therefore the starting machine 2 is not operated any more.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
the neutral gear switch K4 is operated to be switched ON, the starting switch 1 is rotated to the ON gear position, one end of a contact of the starting relay K3 is electrified, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified to work, and therefore two ends of the contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are switched ON, the starter 2 control device M is electrified, and the starter 2 is in a waiting working state. And the starting switch 1 is rotated to the Starter gear position, at the moment, the storage battery B supplies power to the coil of the starting relay K3 through the Starter gear of the starting switch 1, after the coil of the starting relay K3 is electrified to work, the two ends of a contact of the starting relay K3 are controlled to be attracted, the storage battery B supplies power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 through the contact two ends of the starting relay K3 after the contact of the starting relay K3 is attracted, and after the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 is electrified, the control device M of the Starter 2 starts to work, so that the whole vehicle is started. Meanwhile, the time relay K2 receives a start switch 1Starter gear signal, after timing for 5 seconds, a coil circuit of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is cut off, after the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is deenergized, a contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is disconnected, the storage battery B does not supply power to the Starter 2 control device M any more, at the moment, the whole vehicle is started, and the Starter 2 stops working.
The whole vehicle is grounded and communicated with the ground, the neutral gear switch K4 is a normally open switch, and the starting relay K3 can be electrified to work only on the premise that the neutral gear switch K4 is closed, so that the whole vehicle is ensured not to be started in a gear; the time relay K2 is a timer, when the control end S2 receives a Starter signal at the output end of the starting switch 1, the power end S1 and the negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered off, the first contact a and the second contact B of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the electromagnetic main switch K does not work, so that the storage battery B is disconnected to supply power to the Starter 2, and the protection effect on the Starter 2 is achieved.
Under the starting condition of the whole vehicle, the storage battery B is used as a system power supply to directly supply power to the first contact a of the electromagnetic main switch K1 and the starting switch 12. The neutral gear switch K4 is not closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is connected to an ON gear, and the whole vehicle is not started;
under the starting condition of the whole vehicle, the storage battery B is used as a system power supply to directly supply power to the first contact a of the electromagnetic main switch K1 and the starting switch 1. After the neutral gear switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is connected to an ON gear, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is electrified to work, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are driven to be closed to work, power is supplied to the starter 2 control device M, the contact end of the starting relay K3 is electrified, and the whole vehicle is not started;
under the starting condition of the whole vehicle, the storage battery B is used as a system power supply to directly supply power to the contact end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 and the starting switch 1. After the neutral gear switch K4 is closed, the rotary starting switch 1 is connected to an ON gear, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered ON to drive the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 to be closed to work, the Starter 2 control device M is powered ON, the contact end of the starting relay K3 is powered ON, the rotary starting switch 1 is continuously connected to the Starter gear, the coil end of the starting relay K3 is powered ON to drive the contact end of the starting relay K3 to be closed to work, the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter 2 is powered ON, the electromagnetic switch K5 is powered ON to work, the Starter 2 control device M starts to work, and the whole vehicle is started;
after the whole vehicle is started, the starting switch 1 returns to an ON state, the coil end of the starting relay K3 is in power failure and does not work, so that the two ends of a contact of the starting relay K3 are controlled to be disconnected and do not work, the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter 2 is in power failure and stops working, the starter 2 stops working, and the whole vehicle is in a working state;
after the whole vehicle is started, the starting switch 1 is kept in a starter gear on state, after a starter gear signal of the starting switch 1 is received for 5 seconds, the control end S2 of the time relay K2 is disconnected, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is connected to a loop of the negative electrode of the storage battery B through the time relay K2, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered off and does not work, meanwhile, the two ends of a contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, so that the starter 2 is disconnected from the positive electrode of the storage battery B, the starter 2 is powered off and stops working, and the whole vehicle is in a working state;
after the whole vehicle is flameout, the starting switch 1 is kept in an OFF gear on state, the coil end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered OFF and does not work, the two ends of the contact of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are controlled to be disconnected, the anode of the storage battery B is disconnected to supply power to the control device M of the starter 2, and the starter 2 does not work.
In summary, the invention uses the electromagnetic main switch K1 to control the connection mode of the storage battery B and the starter 2 control device M, and combines the use of the time relay K2 to realize the protection of the starter 2 in a short-time operation system, and the application in the forklift industry not only realizes the protection of the forklift starter 2 in the starting process, but also realizes the self-starting phenomenon of the forklift starter 2 in the flameout state by actively disconnecting the storage battery B from the starter 2 control device M through the power failure of the electromagnetic main switch K1.

Claims (2)

1. A starter protection system for fork truck, its characterized in that: the device comprises a storage battery B, wherein the positive electrode of the storage battery B is respectively connected with a power input end B+ of a starting switch and one end of a first fuse F1, the other end of the first fuse F1 is connected with a first contact a of an electromagnetic main switch K1, and a second contact B of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is connected with a control device M of the starting motor; the first output end ON of the starting switch is connected with one end of a second fuse F2, the other end of the second fuse F2 is respectively connected with one end of an electromagnetic main switch K1 coil and a movable contact of a starting relay K3, the other end of the electromagnetic main switch K1 coil is connected with a power end S1 of a time relay K2, and a fixed contact of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of an electromagnetic switch K5 of the starting motor; the second output end Starter of the starting switch is connected with one end of a third fuse F3, the other end of the third fuse F3 is respectively connected with one end of a coil of the starting relay K3 and the control end S2 of the time relay K2, the other end of the coil of the starting relay K3 is connected with a movable contact of a neutral gear switch K4, and a static contact of the neutral gear switch K4 and a negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are both connected with the negative electrode of a storage battery B;
the time relay K2 is a fixed time relay, and the set time is 5 seconds;
the neutral gear switch K4 is a normally open waterproof switch;
the electromagnetic switch K5 of the starter and the grounding end of the control device M are grounded through the whole vehicle body.
2. The start-up protection method for a starter protection system of a forklift as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the method comprises the following steps in sequence:
(1) Closing a neutral gear switch K4, rotating the starting switch to be turned ON in the ON gear, and supplying power to a starting relay K3 and an electromagnetic main switch K1 by a storage battery B, wherein the starting relay K3 is powered ON, and the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered ON;
(2) The rotary starting switch is switched on to the Starter gear, the starting relay K3 is electrified to work to supply power to the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter, and when the electromagnetic switch K5 of the Starter is electrified, the control device M of the Starter works, so that the whole vehicle is started;
(3) The time relay K2 receives a start switch Starter gear signal, the power end S1 and the negative end S3 of the time relay K2 are disconnected after delay for 5 seconds, the coil of the electromagnetic main switch K1 is powered off, the first contact a and the second contact b of the electromagnetic main switch K1 are disconnected, and the Starter stops working;
(4) If the Starter gear is actively disconnected by the starting switch, the Starter stops working; otherwise, executing the step (3), and stopping the starter.
CN202010717223.5A 2020-07-23 2020-07-23 Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof Active CN111852714B (en)

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CN202010717223.5A CN111852714B (en) 2020-07-23 2020-07-23 Starter protection system for forklift and start protection method thereof

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112539127B (en) * 2020-11-26 2022-07-08 哈尔滨北方防务装备股份有限公司 Starting control protection system for double-section tracked vehicle

Citations (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20000055822A (en) * 1999-02-10 2000-09-15 에릭 발리베 Protection circuit of starter
JP2001271730A (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-05 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Construction Crane Co Ltd Engine start circuit for construction machine
JP2010163936A (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-07-29 Caterpillar Japan Ltd Starter motor control circuit
CN203627061U (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-06-04 杭叉集团股份有限公司 Starting protection circuit of diesel fork lift truck
CN104863772A (en) * 2014-09-22 2015-08-26 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Starter protection circuit and vehicle comprising same
CN205532981U (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-08-31 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 Take starting circuit of neutral protection
CN212250311U (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-12-29 安徽合力股份有限公司 Starter protection system for forklift

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20000055822A (en) * 1999-02-10 2000-09-15 에릭 발리베 Protection circuit of starter
JP2001271730A (en) * 2000-03-24 2001-10-05 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Construction Crane Co Ltd Engine start circuit for construction machine
JP2010163936A (en) * 2009-01-14 2010-07-29 Caterpillar Japan Ltd Starter motor control circuit
CN203627061U (en) * 2013-12-05 2014-06-04 杭叉集团股份有限公司 Starting protection circuit of diesel fork lift truck
CN104863772A (en) * 2014-09-22 2015-08-26 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Starter protection circuit and vehicle comprising same
CN205532981U (en) * 2016-04-26 2016-08-31 安徽江淮汽车股份有限公司 Take starting circuit of neutral protection
CN212250311U (en) * 2020-07-23 2020-12-29 安徽合力股份有限公司 Starter protection system for forklift

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