CN111852579A - 涡轮增压器 - Google Patents
涡轮增压器 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111852579A CN111852579A CN202010335137.8A CN202010335137A CN111852579A CN 111852579 A CN111852579 A CN 111852579A CN 202010335137 A CN202010335137 A CN 202010335137A CN 111852579 A CN111852579 A CN 111852579A
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- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/16—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes
- F01D17/165—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of nozzle vanes for radial flow, i.e. the vanes turning around axes which are essentially parallel to the rotor centre line
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
- F01D11/122—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
- F01D11/127—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with a deformable or crushable structure, e.g. honeycomb
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
- F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
- F01D11/14—Adjusting or regulating tip-clearance, i.e. distance between rotor-blade tips and stator casing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D17/00—Regulating or controlling by varying flow
- F01D17/10—Final actuators
- F01D17/12—Final actuators arranged in stator parts
- F01D17/14—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits
- F01D17/141—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path
- F01D17/143—Final actuators arranged in stator parts varying effective cross-sectional area of nozzles or guide conduits by means of shiftable members or valves obturating part of the flow path the shiftable member being a wall, or part thereof of a radial diffuser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
- F01D25/246—Fastening of diaphragms or stator-rings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
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- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/04—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output
- F02C6/10—Gas-turbine plants providing heated or pressurised working fluid for other apparatus, e.g. without mechanical power output supplying working fluid to a user, e.g. a chemical process, which returns working fluid to a turbine of the plant
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- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
- F02M35/12—Intake silencers ; Sound modulation, transmission or amplification
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F04D29/52—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps
- F04D29/522—Casings; Connections of working fluid for axial pumps especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
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Abstract
涡轮增压器具有使第一介质膨胀的涡轮机和压缩第二介质的压缩机。涡轮机包括涡轮机壳体和装有叶片的涡轮机转子,涡轮机转子叶片径向外边缘和涡轮机壳体面向涡轮机转子叶片或定子侧部件连接到涡轮机壳体的部分限定涡轮机侧间隙。压缩机包括压缩机壳体和装有叶片的压缩机转子,压缩机转子经由轴耦接到涡轮机转子,压缩机转子叶片径向外边缘和压缩机壳体面向压缩机转子叶片或定子侧部件连接到压缩机壳体的部分限定压缩机侧间隙。涡轮机壳体和压缩机壳体各自连接到安装轴的轴承箱。涡轮机壳体面向涡轮机转子叶片或定子侧部件连接到涡轮机壳体的部分和/或压缩机壳体面向压缩机转子叶片或定子侧部件连接到压缩机壳体的部分包括包含中空空间的磨合结构。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及涡轮增压器。
背景技术
图1示出了从实践中已知的涡轮增压器1的基本构造。涡轮增压器1包括涡轮机2,其用于使第一介质膨胀(expand),特别是用于使内燃机的排出气体膨胀,其中,在第一介质的膨胀期间提取能量。此外,涡轮增压器1包括压缩机3,其用于压缩第二介质,特别是待供应给内燃机的增压空气,即利用在第一介质的膨胀期间在涡轮机2中提取的能量来压缩。
涡轮机1包括涡轮机壳体4和涡轮机转子5。压缩机3包括压缩机壳体6和压缩机转子7。涡轮机转子5和压缩机转子7经由安装在轴承箱9中的轴8来耦接。轴承箱9在一方面连接到涡轮机壳体4,并且在另一方面连接到压缩机6。
此外,图1还示出了可选的消音器10,其被连接到压缩机壳体6,其中,增压空气经由消音器10传导。
涡轮机壳体4包括流入壳体11和流出壳体12。借助于流入壳体11,待膨胀的第一介质在这里沿径向方向被供应到涡轮机转子5。借助于流出壳体12,膨胀的第一介质可在这里沿轴向方向从涡轮机转子5排出。图1的涡轮机是径流式涡轮机。
此外,图1还示出了作为涡轮机壳体4的构成部分的插入件13和喷嘴环15。作为涡轮机2的连接到涡轮机壳体的定子侧组件的插入件13在径向外部跟随涡轮机转子5的涡轮机转子叶片14,并且至少部分地界定流入壳体11的流动通道。涡轮机转子叶片14的径向外边缘14a和涡轮机壳体4的面向涡轮机转子叶片14的部分或插入件13的连接到涡轮机壳体4的部分在涡轮机转子叶片14和涡轮机2的定子之间限定了涡轮机侧间隙。
在图1中被实施为径向压缩机的压缩机转子7承载压缩机转子叶片16。压缩机转子叶片16的径向外边缘16a和压缩机壳体6的面向压缩机转子叶片16的部分或定子侧部件的连接到压缩机壳体的部分在压缩机转子叶片16和压缩机2的定子之间限定了压缩机侧间隙。
从DE 10 2016 125 189 A1中已知根据图1的涡轮增压器。
为了为涡轮增压器提供尽可能高的效率,期望将涡轮机转子叶片和涡轮机的定子之间的涡轮机侧间隙以及压缩机转子叶片和压缩机的定子之间的压缩机侧间隙形成得尽可能小。然而,在涡轮增压器的操作期间,存在如下风险,即:特别是在涡轮机的区域中,由于作用在涡轮机转子上的离心力,以及由于涡轮机转子的热致应变,涡轮机转子叶片碰到定子。因此,相应的转子叶片随后可能受损。这是一个缺点。
从DE 10 2015 016 486 A1中已知一种涡轮增压器,其中,在涡轮机的区域中,插入件具有限定的轮廓,以便防止涡轮机转子的涡轮机转子叶片碰到插入件。
发明内容
需要一种新型的涡轮增压器,其中,在涡轮机和/或压缩机的区域中,可调整用于涡轮机转子叶片和/或压缩机转子叶片与涡轮机和/或压缩机的定子之间的间隙的小间隙尺寸,即没有如下风险,即:在转子叶片碰到定子的情况下,相应的转子叶片受损。
由此出发,本发明是基于创建一种新型的涡轮增压器的目的。该目的通过根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器来解决。根据本发明,所述涡轮机壳体的面向所述涡轮机转子叶片的部分或所述定子侧部件的连接到所述涡轮机壳体的部分和/或所述压缩机的面向所述压缩机转子叶片的部分或所述定子侧部件的连接到所述压缩机壳体的部分承载包括中空空间的磨合结构。利用本文提出的本发明,首次提出,所述涡轮机壳体的面向所述涡轮机转子叶片的部分或所述定子侧部件的连接到所述涡轮机壳体的部分和/或所述压缩机壳体的面向所述压缩机转子叶片的部分或所述定子侧部件的连接到所述压缩机壳体的部分承载具有中空空间的磨合结构。当转子叶片例如由于在操作期间作用的离心力和/或由于热应变而碰到该磨合结构时,该磨合结构让位,使得相应的转子叶片不会经受任何损坏的风险。因此,在涡轮增压器的操作期间,可在相应的转子叶片的边缘与涡轮机的相应定子之间调整最小间隙,而没有损坏相应的转子叶片的风险。
根据本发明的另一改进方案,所述磨合结构以如下方式形成为开洞的或开孔的,即:使得所述磨合结构的中空空间在相应的转子叶片的方向上或面向相应的转子叶片形成为开放的。这种开洞的或开孔的磨合结构是特别优选的,以便特别是当转子叶片碰到磨合结构时,调整转子叶片与定子侧磨合结构之间的最小间隙,而对于转子叶片和磨合结构而言没有损坏的风险。
根据本发明的另一改进方案,所述磨合结构包括蜂窝状的中空空间。用于定子侧磨合结构的蜂窝状的中空空间是特别优选的,以便在操作期间调整转子叶片与相应的定子之间的最小间隙,而对于转子叶片和磨合结构而言没有损坏的风险。这里,本发明人将蜂窝状的中空空间理解为还包括例如存在于高尔夫球上的表面结构。借助于此,可实现效率的优化,这是由于因此可形成尽可能薄的湍流边界层。
根据本发明的另一改进方案,所述磨合结构的壁具有0.2mm的最大壁厚度。所述磨合结构的这样的薄壁是特别柔性的,并且使得可以在操作期间调整转子叶片与相应的定子之间的最小间隙,而对于转子叶片和磨合结构而言没有损坏的风险。
附图说明
本发明的优选的其他改进方案由从属权利要求和后续的描述获得。本发明的示例性实施例借助于附图来更详细地解释而不限于此。
附图示出了:
图1:从实践中已知的涡轮增压器的剖视图;
图2:根据本发明的涡轮增压器的在该涡轮增压器的设计为径流式涡轮机的涡轮机的区域中的剖视图;
图3:根据本发明的另一涡轮增压器的在该涡轮增压器的形成为轴流式涡轮机的涡轮机的区域中的剖视图;以及
图4:图2、图3的细节A-A。
具体实施方式
涡轮增压器1包括涡轮机2,其用于使第一介质膨胀,特别是用于使内燃机的排出气体膨胀。此外,涡轮增压器1包括压缩机3,其用于压缩第二介质,特别是增压空气,即利用在第一介质的膨胀期间在涡轮机2中提取的能量来压缩。
涡轮机2包括涡轮机壳体4和涡轮机转子5。压缩机3包括压缩机壳体6和压缩机转子7。压缩机转子7经由轴8耦接到涡轮机转子5,该轴8被安装在轴承箱9中,其中,该轴承箱9位于涡轮机壳体4和压缩机壳体5之间,并且连接到涡轮机壳体4和压缩机壳体5两者。
通常,涡轮机壳体4包括流入壳体11和流出壳体12。借助于连接到轴承箱9的流入壳体11,待膨胀的第一介质可被传导到涡轮机转子5上。借助于连接到流入壳体11的流出壳体12,膨胀的第一介质可从涡轮机转子5排出。通常,涡轮机壳体4另外还包括插入件13和喷嘴环15。插入件13部分地(in sections)界定了用于第一介质的流动通道,其中,插入件13在径向外部跟随涡轮机转子5的转子叶片14。喷嘴环15定位在涡轮机转子5的上游,该喷嘴环15用于涡轮机转子5的上游的待膨胀的第一介质的流动传导。
相应地,涡轮机转子5承载涡轮机转子叶片14,其中,在涡轮机转子叶片14的径向外边缘14a和在径向外部跟随的定子侧组件、通常为连接到涡轮机壳体4的定子侧插入件13之间,形成间隙。
这样的间隙也在压缩机3的区域中形成在压缩机转子7的压缩机转子叶片16和在径向外部跟随压缩机转子7的压缩机壳体6之间,特别是形成在压缩机转子叶片16的外边缘16a与压缩机壳体6的面向压缩机转子叶片16的部分或定子侧部件的连接到压缩机壳体6的部分之间。
利用本文提出的本发明,现在提出,为了在涡轮机转子叶片14和涡轮机2的定子之间形成最小的涡轮机侧间隙,和/或为了在压缩机转子叶片16和压缩机3的相邻定子之间形成最小的压缩机侧间隙,涡轮机壳体4的面向涡轮机转子叶片14的部分或定子侧部件的连接到涡轮机壳体的部分和/或压缩机壳体6的面向压缩机转子叶片16的部分或定子侧部件的连接到压缩机壳体6的部分承载磨合结构(running-in structure)17,该磨合结构17包括中空空间18。
在操作期间,相应地具有其径向外边缘14a和16a的转子叶片14和16相应地可能碰到该磨合结构17,即相应地对于转子叶片14和16而言没有损坏的风险,使得在操作期间,相应地在转子叶片14和16与相应的相邻定子和定子侧磨合结构17之间随后相应地形成最小的间隙。借助于此,对涡轮增压器而言可实现高效率。
磨合结构17优选地被形成为开洞的或开孔的,即以如下方式形成,即:使得在相应的转子叶片14和16的方向上的磨合结构17的中空空间18相应地形成为开放的。
优选地,该磨合结构形成为蜂窝状的,该磨合结构则包括蜂窝状的中空空间18。
磨合结构17的中空空间18由壁19界定或限定,该壁19优选地具有0.2mm的最大壁厚度和0.05mm的最小壁厚度。这样的磨合结构17是特别柔性的。因此,可安全地避免在转子叶片在磨合结构17中/上的磨合或摩擦期间对转子叶片和磨合结构17的损伤。
在涡轮机2的区域中,磨合结构17优选地由高度耐热的钢制成,特别是由镍基合金或镍铬基合金的钢制成。这里,特别是可采用X12钢或X22钢。
在压缩机3的区域中,相应的磨合结构17可由灰口铸铁材料或由铝材料构成。
优选地,相应的磨合结构17借助于例如3D打印之类的增材制造方法来安置到承载磨合结构17的定子侧部件上。
如已经解释的,磨合结构17既可用在涡轮增压器1的涡轮机2的区域中,而且又可用在涡轮增压器1的压缩机3的区域中。
如图1和图2中所示,涡轮机2可以是径流式涡轮机。涡轮机2也可以是轴流式涡轮机。图3示出了来自涡轮机的转子叶片14的区域中的轴流式涡轮机的局部摘取图,其中,涡轮机壳体4或连接到涡轮机壳体4的定子侧组件20又包括磨合结构17,该磨合结构17在面向转子叶片14的部分上具有中空空间18。
本发明还可实现在压缩机上,例如实现在涡轮增压器的径向压缩机上或轴向压缩机上。
利用本发明,可以提高涡轮增压器1的效率。既在涡轮增压器1的涡轮机2的区域中,而且也在涡轮增压器1的压缩机3的区域中,可相应地在涡轮机2和压缩机3的相应的转子叶片14和16与在径向外部跟随的定子侧部件之间调整最小间隙。相应地对于转子叶片14和16而言,当摩擦磨合结构17或磨合到磨合结构17中时,没有损坏的风险。磨合结构17被实施为相对软的或柔性的。相应地在转子叶片14和16的磨合或摩擦期间,相应地对于转子叶片14和16而言没有损坏的风险,并且磨合结构17既不在周向方向上也不在流动方向上受损。
附图标记列表
1 涡轮增压器
2 涡轮机
3 压缩机
4 涡轮机壳体
5 涡轮机转子
6 压缩机壳体
7 压缩机转子
8 轴
9 轴承箱
10 消音器
11 流入壳体
12 流出壳体
13 插入件
14 涡轮机转子叶片
14a 边缘
15 喷嘴环
16 压缩机转子叶片
16a 边缘
17 磨合结构
18 中空空间
19 壁。
Claims (9)
1.一种涡轮增压器(1),
具有涡轮机(2),所述涡轮机(2)用于使第一介质膨胀,
具有压缩机(3),所述压缩机(3)用于利用在所述第一介质的膨胀期间在所述涡轮机(2)中提取的能量来压缩第二介质,
其中,所述涡轮机(2)包括涡轮机壳体(4)和装有涡轮机转子叶片(14)的涡轮机转子(5),其中,所述涡轮机转子叶片(14)的径向外边缘(14a)和所述涡轮机壳体(4)的面向所述涡轮机转子叶片(14)的部分或定子侧部件(13)的连接到所述涡轮机壳体(4)的部分限定了涡轮机侧间隙,
其中,所述压缩机(3)包括压缩机壳体(6)和装有转子叶片(16)的压缩机转子(7),所述压缩机转子(7)经由轴(8)耦接到所述涡轮机转子(5),其中,压缩机转子叶片(16)的径向外边缘(16a)和所述压缩机壳体(6)的面向所述压缩机转子叶片(16)的部分或定子侧部件的连接到所述压缩机壳体(6)的部分限定了压缩机侧间隙,
其中,所述涡轮机壳体(4)和所述压缩机壳体(6)各自被连接到轴承箱(9),所述轴承箱(9)布置在所述涡轮机壳体(4)和所述压缩机壳体(6)之间,所述轴(8)被安装在所述轴承箱(9)中,
其特征在于,
所述涡轮机壳体(4)的面向所述涡轮机转子叶片(14)的部分或所述定子侧部件(13)的连接到所述涡轮机壳体(14)的部分和/或所述压缩机壳体(6)的面向所述压缩机转子叶片(16)的部分或所述定子侧部件的连接到所述压缩机壳体(6)的部分包括磨合结构(17),所述磨合结构(17)包括中空空间(18)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,所述磨合结构(17)以如下方式形成为开洞的或开孔的,即:使得面向相应的转子叶片(14、16)的方向或相应的转子叶片(14、16)的所述磨合结构(17)的所述中空空间(18)形成为开放的。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,所述磨合结构(17)包括蜂窝状的中空空间(18)。
4.根据权利要求1至3中任一项所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,所述磨合结构(17)的壁(19)具有0.2mm的最大壁厚度。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,处于所述涡轮机(2)的区域中的所述磨合结构(17)由高度耐热的钢构成。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,处于所述压缩机(3)的区域中的所述磨合结构(17)由灰口铸铁材料或铝材料构成。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,所述涡轮机是轴流式涡轮机,其中,所述涡轮机壳体的面向所述轴流式涡轮机的所述涡轮机转子叶片的部分或所述部件的连接到所述涡轮机壳体的部分承载所述磨合结构。
8.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,所述涡轮机(2)是径流式涡轮机,其中,所述涡轮机壳体(4)的面向所述径流式涡轮机的所述涡轮机转子叶片(14)的部分或所述部件(13)的连接到所述涡轮机壳体(4)的部分承载所述磨合结构(17)。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的涡轮增压器,其特征在于,所述压缩机是径向压缩机,其中,所述压缩机壳体(6)的面向所述径向压缩机的所述压缩机转子叶片(16)的部分或所述部件的连接到所述压缩机壳体(6)的部分承载所述磨合结构(17)。
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US3365172A (en) * | 1966-11-02 | 1968-01-23 | Gen Electric | Air cooled shroud seal |
US3656862A (en) * | 1970-07-02 | 1972-04-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Segmented seal assembly |
US4867639A (en) * | 1987-09-22 | 1989-09-19 | Allied-Signal Inc. | Abradable shroud coating |
DE10259963B4 (de) * | 2002-12-20 | 2010-04-01 | Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh | Wabendichtung |
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