CN111845455A - Charging control method and device for storage battery of electric vehicle - Google Patents

Charging control method and device for storage battery of electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111845455A
CN111845455A CN202010733793.3A CN202010733793A CN111845455A CN 111845455 A CN111845455 A CN 111845455A CN 202010733793 A CN202010733793 A CN 202010733793A CN 111845455 A CN111845455 A CN 111845455A
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storage battery
value
electric quantity
threshold
charging
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党协领
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Beijing Rockwell Technology Co Ltd
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Beijing Rockwell Technology Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2240/00Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
    • B60L2240/40Drive Train control parameters
    • B60L2240/54Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
    • B60L2240/545Temperature
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles

Abstract

The invention provides a method and a device for controlling charging of a storage battery of an electric automobile, wherein the method comprises the following steps: monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time; when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value, waking up the whole vehicle controller; the vehicle control unit acquires a residual electric quantity value of the storage battery and a temperature value of the storage battery; judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and controlling the power-on of the storage battery controller and the charging of the storage battery by the direct current converter if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again. According to the invention, the main controller is added to judge the temperature, the threshold for starting power supplement is set according to the available capacity of the battery at the temperature, the direct current converter is started to supplement power for the storage battery at different temperatures by using different thresholds, and fine control is realized.

Description

Charging control method and device for storage battery of electric vehicle
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of storage batteries, in particular to a method and a device for controlling charging of a storage battery of an electric vehicle.
Background
The charging method of the early storage battery of the electric automobile mostly starts the direct current converter to supply power to the whole automobile when the power supply of the whole automobile is in an ON gear, and simultaneously charges the storage battery, and the power consumption of the automobile is maintained by the electric quantity of the storage battery when the power supply of the whole automobile is not in the ON gear. The charging method has the defects of short service life of the storage battery and over-discharge of the storage battery after the vehicle is parked for a long time.
The electric automobile can directly charge the storage battery by using the electric quantity of the power battery, so that the storage battery can be parked for a longer time, the electric quantity of the storage battery is kept in a more ideal state, and necessary electric quantity support is provided for driving.
The charging method of the storage battery of the electric vehicle at present mainly has two kinds, one method is to start the direct current converter periodically to charge the storage battery, the method can not determine the battery state, the control certainty is not high, and unnecessary energy waste is caused because the charging condition is not satisfied after the vehicle is awakened; the other method is that a sensor is added at the end of the storage battery to monitor and calculate the electric quantity of the storage battery in real time, and the direct current converter is awakened to charge when the electric quantity is insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method and an apparatus for controlling charging of a battery of an electric vehicle, which can solve at least one of the above-mentioned problems. The specific scheme is as follows:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for controlling charging of a battery of an electric vehicle, including: monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time; when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value, waking up the vehicle control unit; the vehicle control unit acquires the residual electric quantity value and the temperature value of the storage battery; judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and starting charging the storage battery if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value; otherwise, controlling the vehicle control unit to enter a sleep state; the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current storage battery temperature value, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
Optionally, the method further includes: after the duration of the whole vehicle controller entering the sleep state reaches a first preset duration, acquiring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery and the temperature value of the storage battery again; judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not; if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value, the storage battery is charged again; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
Optionally, after the starting of charging the storage battery, the method further includes: when one of the following conditions is satisfied, the charging is stopped: the charging time is longer than a second preset time and the electric quantity of the storage battery reaches a third threshold value; the continuous third preset duration of the charging current of the storage battery is lower than a fourth threshold value; the charging time of the storage battery is longer than a fourth preset time; the second preset time length is less than the fourth preset time length, and the third preset time length is less than the second preset time length.
Optionally, the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current temperature value of the storage battery, and includes: when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, setting the second threshold value as a constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the second threshold value to be reduced along with the increase of the temperature value of the storage battery.
Optionally, when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, setting the third threshold value as a first constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the third threshold value as a second constant value, wherein the second constant value is greater than the first constant value.
Optionally, when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than zero, the charging current is greater than the charging current when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero.
Optionally, when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, the charging current is set to be a constant value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a battery charging control apparatus for an electric vehicle, including: the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time; the awakening unit is used for awakening the vehicle control unit when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value; the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity value and the temperature value of the storage battery by the vehicle control unit; the control unit is used for judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value, the storage battery is started to be charged; otherwise, controlling the vehicle control unit to enter a sleep state; the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current storage battery temperature value, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: after the duration of the whole vehicle controller entering the sleep state reaches a first preset duration, acquiring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery and the temperature value of the storage battery again; judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not; if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value, the storage battery is charged again; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: when one of the following conditions is satisfied, the charging is stopped: the charging time is longer than a second preset time and the electric quantity of the storage battery reaches a third threshold value; the continuous third preset duration of the charging current of the storage battery is lower than a fourth threshold value; the charging time of the storage battery is longer than a fourth preset time; the second preset time length is less than the fourth preset time length, and the third preset time length is less than the second preset time length.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, setting the second threshold value as a constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the second threshold value to be reduced along with the increase of the temperature value of the storage battery.
Optionally, the control unit is further configured to: when the temperature value of the storage battery is smaller than zero, setting the third threshold value as a first constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the third threshold value as a second constant value, wherein the second constant value is greater than the first constant value.
Optionally, when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than zero, the charging current is greater than the charging current when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions capable of being executed by the processor, and the processor implements the method steps as described in any one of the above when executing the computer program instructions.
According to a specific embodiment of the invention, there is provided a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer program instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, implement the method steps as described in any of the above.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a charging control method and device for an electric vehicle storage battery, electronic equipment and a storage medium. Balance is achieved between the energy consumption of the whole vehicle and the reserved electric quantity of the storage battery, and fine control is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a battery charging system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery charging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a battery charging process according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a battery charging control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an electronic structure provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
For ease of understanding, the nomenclature referred to herein is explained uniformly:
VCU: the Vehicle Control Unit/Vehicle controller is used for uniformly controlling a circuit system of a whole Vehicle;
EBS: the Electronic Battery Sensor/storage Battery Sensor is arranged on the storage Battery and is used for monitoring parameters such as temperature, current, voltage, capacitance and the like of the storage Battery in real time and reporting the monitored data;
BCU: the Battery Control Unit/Battery Control Unit is used for controlling the charging and discharging process of the Battery;
DCDC: the Direct Current to Direct Current/Direct Current converter is used for charging the storage battery after converting charging voltage or Current;
LIN: local Interconnect Network/Local Interconnect Network, LIN bus is a serial communication Network applied to automobile distributed electronic system;
SOC: the State of Charge is used for representing the residual electric quantity of the storage battery;
ON, the power supply of the automobile is in a starting state;
OFF, vehicle power OFF state.
Alternative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention provides a charging control method of an electric vehicle storage battery, which comprises the following steps:
monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time;
when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value, waking up the vehicle control unit;
the vehicle control unit acquires the residual electric quantity value and the temperature value of the storage battery;
judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and starting charging the storage battery if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value; otherwise, controlling the vehicle control unit to enter a sleep state; the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current storage battery temperature value, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the charging and discharging process of the storage battery is simply described as follows, the storage battery sensor EBS monitors the state of the storage battery in real time, the vehicle control unit VCU is actively awakened when the electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a set threshold value, and the state of the storage battery is sent to the vehicle control unit VCU through the LIN bus, and the vehicle control unit VCU is responsible for controlling the battery control unit BCU and the dc converter DCDC to charge the storage battery.
Generally, when a switch of an electric vehicle is turned on or the whole vehicle is charged, a vehicle control unit VCU controls a battery control unit BCU to be powered on, and a charging process is started through a direct current converter DCDC. When the power supply of the electric automobile is turned off, the storage battery sensor EBS monitors the electric quantity of the storage battery, when the SOC or the voltage of the battery is monitored, the storage battery sensor EBS wakes up the vehicle control unit VCU through the LIN bus, the vehicle control unit VCU controls the BCU to be powered on when judging that the starting charging threshold value is met by combining the temperature, the charging is started through the direct current converter DCDC, and if the starting charging threshold value is not met, the charging is not carried out, and the storage battery sensor EBS is controlled to sleep again.
Specifically, as an embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the method for controlling charging of an electric vehicle battery according to the present invention includes the following steps, where the following steps are not necessarily in order:
when the power mode of the whole vehicle is ACC and ON, the DC converter DCDC keeps ON supplying power to the whole vehicle and supplies power to the storage battery in a floating mode until the power mode of the whole vehicle is switched to OFF. The system connects the accumulator and the power line in parallel to the load circuit, the voltage of the accumulator is basically constant and is only slightly higher than the terminal voltage of the accumulator, and the loss of the accumulator locally acted is compensated by a small amount of current supplied by the power line, so that the accumulator can be always kept in a charging satisfied state without overcharge.
Step S200: and monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time.
When the power supply mode of the whole vehicle is in an OFF state, the whole vehicle controller is in a sleep state, the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is monitored in real time through the storage battery sensor, and the residual electric quantity value C is recorded.
When the power supply mode of the whole vehicle is in an OFF state, the whole vehicle controller is in a sleep state at the moment in order to reduce power supply loss, only the storage battery sensor monitors and records the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery, and when the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery obtained by the sensor is less than a trigger threshold value, the whole vehicle controller is not awakened and is always in the sleep state.
Step S202: and when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value, waking up the vehicle control unit.
When monitoring the residual capacity of the storage battery, when the residual capacity C of the storage battery is higher than a first threshold value C0When the residual electric quantity C of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value C, the whole vehicle controller is continuously in a sleep state0And when the vehicle control unit VCU is awakened through the storage battery sensor, and the electric quantity information of the storage battery is sent to the vehicle control unit VCU.
As an example, the first threshold C of the capacitance responsible for the wake-up task0The first threshold value C of the capacitance being a set constant value0The relationship with temperature T is shown in the following Table one.
Table one: capacity C0Dependence on temperature T
Temperature T/. degree.C 25 15 5 0 -5 -10 ﹣20 ﹣30
Capacity C0/% 75 75 75 75 75 75 75 75
At this time, a constant threshold value of 75% is set in the normal temperature range of the battery of [ -30 ℃, 25 ℃), and when the remaining battery capacity C is lower than the first threshold value of 75%, the vehicle control unit VCU is awakened by the battery sensor, and the threshold value may be set according to the actual situation, for example, the range of 75% to 80%.
As an alternativeMode for carrying out the invention, the first threshold C0Different values can be set according to different temperatures, for example, the temperature in winter is low, the power consumption is high, the threshold value can be set to be 80%, the temperature in summer is hot, the power consumption is low, and the threshold value can be set to be 75%.
Step S204: and the vehicle control unit acquires the residual electric quantity value and the temperature value of the storage battery.
After the vehicle control unit is awakened, the vehicle control unit acquires the residual electric quantity value C of the storage battery through a storage battery sensor and acquires the temperature value T of the storage battery through a temperature sensor.
When the vehicle control unit is awakened, the detection values of the storage battery sensor and the temperature sensor are obtained at a fixed clock frequency, the clock frequency is in a preferred range of 1-10 seconds, and the numerical range is not limited.
Step S206: judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and starting charging the storage battery if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value; otherwise, controlling the vehicle control unit to enter a sleep state; the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current storage battery temperature value, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
Judging whether the residual electric quantity value C of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value C or not1. If the residual electric quantity value C of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value C1If so, controlling the power-on of the storage battery controller and the start of charging the storage battery by the direct current converter; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
As an optional implementation manner, the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current temperature value of the storage battery, and includes: when the battery temperature value is less than zero, the second threshold value is constant; when the battery temperature value is greater than or equal to zero, the second threshold value decreases with increasing temperature. The second threshold is related to temperature as shown in table two below.
Table two: capacity C1Dependence on temperature T
Temperature T/. degree.C 25 15 5 0 -5 -10 ﹣20 ﹣30
Capacity C1/%) 30 40 45 50 75 75 75 75
As shown in the table above, the second threshold value is closely related to the temperature, because the battery consumption speed is different at different temperatures, the second threshold value for power supplement is set according to the available capacity of the battery at the corresponding temperature, and the direct current converter can be started at different temperatures to supplement power for the storage battery by using different threshold values, so that the purpose of more finely supplying power to the storage battery is achieved, the power supply process is more accurate, and the energy waste is avoided. Specifically, as shown in table two, since the battery consumption speed is faster below zero, a higher uniform threshold value, for example, 75%, may be set, and of course, the second threshold value at this time may also be set to a different value according to different temperatures, so as to achieve the purpose of finer management, and in principle, the lower the temperature is, the higher the second threshold value is. Above zero, the battery consumption speed is relatively slow, and a lower and lower second threshold value can be set according to the rise of the temperature so as to avoid the phenomenon that the charging resource is consumed due to frequent starting of charging and the service life of the battery is influenced.
As can be seen from the comparison between the second threshold and the first threshold, the first threshold is usually greater than or equal to the second threshold, that is, the threshold for assuming the wake-up task is greater than or equal to the threshold for assuming whether to perform charging. The awakening threshold (namely the first threshold) can also be directly set as the charging threshold (namely the second threshold), so that the awakening and charging are realized, the steps of comparison and judgment are reduced, and the resource waste caused by the fact that the user does not need to charge after awakening and then enters the sleep again is avoided.
Optionally, after controlling the vehicle controller to reenter the sleep state, the method further includes: after the duration of the whole vehicle controller enters the sleep state again reaches a first preset duration, acquiring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery and the temperature value of the storage battery again, and judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not; if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value, controlling a storage battery controller to be electrified and controlling a direct-current converter to start charging the storage battery; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
The BCU and the DCDC are not immediately waken up to be charged after the VCU of the vehicle controller is waken up, and the VCU of the vehicle controller judges whether the capacity of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value C or not according to the temperature T of the storage battery1If not less than the second threshold value C1The battery sensor EBS is controlled to sleep again, and after a first preset time (e.g., 1-2 hours), the battery sensor EBS wakes up the vehicle control unit VCU again, and the battery power is lower than the first threshold valueC0But it is necessary to determine whether or not it is lower than the second threshold value C1. If it is lower than the second threshold value C1The vehicle control unit VCU wakes up the battery control unit BCU and the dc converter DCDC to charge.
As can be understood with reference to fig. 3, as one embodiment of stopping charging, after the controlling the battery controller to be powered on and the dc converter to start charging the battery, the method further includes: when the charging time t is greater than a second preset time t1And the electric quantity C of the storage battery reaches a third threshold value C2And stopping charging, closing the direct current converter DCDC, and enabling the whole vehicle to sleep. As can be seen from the third table, when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, the third threshold value C2Is a first constant value; when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, the third threshold value C2Is a second constant value, said second constant value being greater than the first constant value.
Because the charging speed of the battery is different at different temperatures, when the charging time is longer than the second preset time t1When the current power is greater than the third threshold C (e.g. 0.5 hour), it is necessary to determine whether the current power is greater than the third threshold C2(e.g., 85%) when the third threshold is greater than the first threshold and the second threshold. Third threshold value C2Also temperature dependent, as shown in table three, a constant value is set below zero, e.g. 85%, and a constant value is set above zero, e.g. 90%, the values in table three below are merely examples and may vary depending on the actual battery experiment.
As an embodiment of stopping charging, the controlling the battery controller to be powered on and the dc converter to start charging the battery further includes: when the charging current A of the storage battery is continuously lower than a fourth threshold value A for a third preset time (for example, 30-60 seconds)1And stopping charging, closing the direct current converter DCDC, and enabling the whole vehicle to sleep. Optionally, the charging current a when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than zero1The charging current A is larger than the temperature value of the storage battery and is smaller than zero1
In the charging process of the storage battery, the storage battery is particularly quickly fully charged along with the increase of the electric quantity of the batteryIn this case, the charging current is rapidly reduced to a lower value to avoid damage to the rechargeable battery and the charging circuit due to overcharging, and therefore, a monitoring period, for example, 30 to 60 seconds, may be set during which the charging current is continuously below the fourth threshold a1And if so, stopping charging. Wherein the fourth threshold value A1Also a value that varies according to the temperature, see in particular table three.
As an embodiment of stopping charging, the controlling the battery controller to be powered on and the dc converter to start charging the battery further includes: when the charging time t of the storage battery is greater than a fourth preset time t2And stopping charging, closing the direct current converter DCDC, and enabling the whole vehicle to sleep.
Under normal temperature and charging environment, when the charging time reaches a certain threshold, the charging can be basically judged to be close to the full-charge state, at the moment, the charging can be stopped, the direct current converter DCDC is closed, and the whole vehicle can sleep. The charging time may be set to, for example, 6 hours or other times, as shown in table 3.
As mentioned above, as an optional preset value, the relationship between the third threshold C2, the fourth threshold a1, the second preset time period t1, and the fourth preset time period t2 and the battery temperature is shown in table three below, where the data given in table three are mainly calibrated through battery tests, for example, measured by a 55Ah flooded battery, and other batteries may be similarly calibrated based on the method according to the experimental data.
Table three: relation between capacity C2, current A1, shortest time t1 and longest time t2 and temperature
Figure BDA0002604246210000101
The invention provides a charging control method for a storage battery of an electric automobile, which is characterized in that a main controller is added to judge the temperature on the basis of a single awakening power compensation threshold of a storage battery sensor, and a power compensation starting threshold is set according to the available capacity of a battery at the temperature, so that a direct current converter is started to supplement power for the storage battery at different temperatures by using different thresholds. Balance is achieved between the energy consumption of the whole vehicle and the reserved electric quantity of the storage battery, and fine control is achieved.
As shown in fig. 4, an embodiment of the present invention further provides an electric vehicle battery charging control apparatus 400, configured to implement the method steps described in the foregoing embodiment, where the same method has the same technical effects, and details of the method are not described herein, and specifically include:
and the monitoring unit 402 is used for monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time through the storage battery sensor and recording the residual electric quantity value C when the power supply mode of the whole vehicle is in an OFF state and the whole vehicle controller is in a sleep state at the moment.
As an optional implementation manner, the monitoring unit 402 is further configured to, when monitoring the remaining battery capacity, when the remaining battery capacity C is higher than a first threshold C0, continue the vehicle control unit to be in a sleep state, and when the remaining battery capacity C is lower than a first threshold C0, wake up the vehicle control unit VCU through the battery sensor and send the battery capacity information to the vehicle control unit VCU.
And a waking unit 404, configured to wake up the vehicle control unit through the battery sensor when the remaining battery power is lower than a first threshold.
And an obtaining unit 406, configured to obtain the remaining battery power value C and the battery temperature value T after the vehicle controller is awakened.
The control unit 408 is configured to determine whether the remaining battery power level C is lower than a second threshold C1, where the second threshold C1 is a power level threshold corresponding to the current battery temperature value. If the residual electric quantity value C of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value C1, controlling a storage battery controller to be electrified and a direct current converter to start charging the storage battery; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
As an alternative embodiment, the control unit 408 is further configured to keep the second threshold constant when the battery temperature value is less than zero; when the battery temperature value is greater than or equal to zero, the second threshold value decreases with increasing temperature.
Optionally, the control unit 408 is further configured to, after the time period when the vehicle controller enters the sleep state again reaches a first preset time period, obtain the remaining electric quantity value of the storage battery and the temperature value of the storage battery again, and determine whether the remaining electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold; if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value, controlling a storage battery controller to be electrified and controlling a direct-current converter to start charging the storage battery; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
As one embodiment of stopping charging, the control unit 408 is further configured to stop charging, turn off the dc converter DCDC, and put the entire vehicle to sleep when the charging time period t is greater than the second preset time period t1 and the battery capacity C reaches the third threshold C2. As can be seen from the third table, when the battery temperature value is less than zero, the third threshold value C2 is a first constant value; when the battery temperature value is equal to or greater than zero, the third threshold value C2 is a second constant value that is greater than the first constant value.
As one embodiment of stopping charging, the control unit 408 is further configured to stop charging when the battery charging current a is lower than the fourth threshold a1 for a third preset time (e.g., 30-60 seconds), turn off the dc converter DCDC, and put the entire vehicle to sleep. Optionally, the charging current a1 when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than zero is greater than the charging current a1 when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero.
As one embodiment of stopping charging, the control unit 408 is further configured to stop charging when the charging time period t of the storage battery is greater than a fourth preset time period t2, turn off the dc converter DCDC, and put the entire vehicle to sleep.
The invention provides a charging control device for a storage battery of an electric automobile, which is characterized in that a main controller is added to judge the temperature on the basis of a single awakening power compensation threshold of a storage battery sensor, and a power compensation starting threshold is set according to the available capacity of a battery at the temperature, so that a direct current converter is started to supplement power for the storage battery at different temperatures by using different thresholds. Balance is achieved between the energy consumption of the whole vehicle and the reserved electric quantity of the storage battery, and fine control is achieved.
The disclosed embodiments provide a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing computer program instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, implement the method steps as recited in any of the above.
The disclosed embodiments provide an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, and the processor implements the method steps of any of the foregoing embodiments when executing the computer program instructions.
As shown in fig. 5, the electronic device may include a processing means (e.g., central processing unit, graphics processor, etc.) 501 that may perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)502 or a program loaded from a storage means 508 into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM 503, various programs and data necessary for the operation of the electronic robot 500 are also stored. The processing device 501, the ROM 502, and the RAM 503 are connected to each other through a bus 504. An input/output (I/O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.
Generally, the following devices may be connected to the I/O interface 505: input devices 506 including, for example, a touch screen, touch pad, keyboard, mouse, camera, microphone, accelerometer, gyroscope, etc.; output devices 507 including, for example, a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), speakers, vibrators, and the like; a storage device 508 including, for example, a hard disk; and a communication device 509. The communication means 509 may allow the electronic device to communicate with other electronic devices wirelessly or by wire to exchange data. While fig. 5 illustrates an electronic device having various means, it is to be understood that not all illustrated means are required to be implemented or provided. More or fewer devices may alternatively be implemented or provided.
In particular, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, the processes described above with reference to the flowcharts may be implemented as an electronic device software program. For example, embodiments of the present disclosure include an electronic device software program product comprising a computer program embodied on a readable medium, the computer program containing program code for performing the method illustrated in the flow chart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication means 509, or installed from the storage means 508, or installed from the ROM 502. The computer program performs the above-described functions defined in the methods of the embodiments of the present disclosure when executed by the processing device 501.
It should be noted that the computer readable medium in the present disclosure can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present disclosure, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In contrast, in the present disclosure, a computer readable signal medium may comprise a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, either in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may also be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: electrical wires, optical cables, RF (radio frequency), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The above-described embodiments of the apparatus are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the present embodiment. One of ordinary skill in the art can understand and implement it without inventive effort.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present disclosure, not to limit them; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

Claims (15)

1. A charging control method for an electric vehicle storage battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time;
when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value, waking up the vehicle control unit;
the vehicle control unit acquires the residual electric quantity value and the temperature value of the storage battery;
judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and starting charging the storage battery if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value; otherwise, controlling the vehicle control unit to enter a sleep state; the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current storage battery temperature value, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
2. The control method according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:
after the duration of the whole vehicle controller entering the sleep state reaches a first preset duration, acquiring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery and the temperature value of the storage battery again;
judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not; if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value, the storage battery is charged again; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
3. The control method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the starting of charging the battery further includes:
when one of the following conditions is satisfied, the charging is stopped:
the charging time is longer than a second preset time and the electric quantity of the storage battery reaches a third threshold value;
the continuous third preset duration of the charging current of the storage battery is lower than a fourth threshold value;
the charging time of the storage battery is longer than a fourth preset time;
the second preset time length is less than the fourth preset time length, and the third preset time length is less than the second preset time length.
4. The control method according to claim 1, wherein the second threshold is a charge threshold corresponding to the current temperature value of the storage battery, and comprises:
when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, setting the second threshold value as a constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the second threshold value to be reduced along with the increase of the temperature value of the storage battery.
5. The control method according to claim 4, characterized in that, when the battery temperature value is less than zero, the third threshold value is set to a first constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the third threshold value as a second constant value, wherein the second constant value is greater than the first constant value.
6. The control method according to claim 3, wherein when the battery temperature value is greater than zero, the charging current is greater than the charging current when the battery temperature value is less than zero.
7. The control method of claim 6, wherein the charging current is set to a constant value when the battery temperature value is less than zero.
8. The utility model provides an electric automobile battery charge control device which characterized in that includes:
the monitoring unit is used for monitoring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery in real time;
the awakening unit is used for awakening the vehicle control unit when the residual electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than a first threshold value;
the acquisition unit is used for acquiring the residual electric quantity value and the temperature value of the storage battery by the vehicle control unit;
the control unit is used for judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not, and if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than the second threshold value, the storage battery is started to be charged; otherwise, controlling the vehicle control unit to enter a sleep state; the second threshold is an electric quantity threshold corresponding to the current storage battery temperature value, and the first threshold is greater than or equal to the second threshold.
9. The control device of claim 8, wherein the control unit is further configured to: after the duration of the whole vehicle controller entering the sleep state reaches a first preset duration, acquiring the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery and the temperature value of the storage battery again;
judging whether the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value or not; if the residual electric quantity value of the storage battery is lower than a second threshold value, the storage battery is charged again; otherwise, controlling the whole vehicle controller to enter the sleep state again.
10. The control device according to any one of claims 8 to 9, wherein the control unit is further configured to: when one of the following conditions is satisfied, the charging is stopped:
the charging time is longer than a second preset time and the electric quantity of the storage battery reaches a third threshold value;
the continuous third preset duration of the charging current of the storage battery is lower than a fourth threshold value;
the charging time of the storage battery is longer than a fourth preset time;
the second preset time length is less than the fourth preset time length, and the third preset time length is less than the second preset time length.
11. The control device of claim 8, wherein the control unit is further configured to: when the temperature value of the storage battery is less than zero, setting the second threshold value as a constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the second threshold value to be reduced along with the increase of the temperature value of the storage battery.
12. The control device of claim 11, wherein the control unit is further configured to: when the temperature value of the storage battery is smaller than zero, setting the third threshold value as a first constant value; and when the temperature value of the storage battery is greater than or equal to zero, setting the third threshold value as a second constant value, wherein the second constant value is greater than the first constant value.
13. The control apparatus of claim 10, wherein the charging current is greater than the charging current when the battery temperature value is greater than zero and the battery temperature value is less than zero.
14. An electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer program instructions executable by the processor, and wherein the processor, when executing the computer program instructions, performs the method steps of any of claims 1-7.
15. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon computer program instructions which, when invoked and executed by a processor, perform the method steps of any of claims 1-7.
CN202010733793.3A 2020-07-27 2020-07-27 Charging control method and device for storage battery of electric vehicle Pending CN111845455A (en)

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Application publication date: 20201030