CN111845317A - 一种混合动力系统 - Google Patents

一种混合动力系统 Download PDF

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CN111845317A
CN111845317A CN202010742321.4A CN202010742321A CN111845317A CN 111845317 A CN111845317 A CN 111845317A CN 202010742321 A CN202010742321 A CN 202010742321A CN 111845317 A CN111845317 A CN 111845317A
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gear
clutch
output shaft
motor
input shaft
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CN111845317B (zh
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李林
钱宗行
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Chongqing Tsingshan Industrial Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches

Abstract

本发明公开了一种混合动力系统，包括发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、行星轮系、内输入轴、外输入轴、输出轴系和差速器。该系统将齿圈、两个离合器及电机进行集成和传动大大节省了空间，又能有效的控制功率分流；该系统驱动模式多样化，对能源应用更加效率。同时电机对驱动动力源进行辅助换挡，实现无动力中断，提升了系统动力性。发动机也可在需要消耗掉能量的工况对发动机进行充电，实现节能。

Description

一种混合动力系统
技术领域
本发明涉及混合动力领域，具体涉及一种混合动力系统。
背景技术
为响应可持续发展的目标，社会对环境问题，能源问题越加关注，传统燃油车造成的能源浪费，环保问题对动力系统提出更高要求。所以寻求新的动力系统以降低油耗和排放，但纯电系统具有续航短，配套设施不完善，推广受到巨大限制。而混合动力既满足续航问题，又解决了油耗，提高了能源利用率，因此，混合动力系统推广对当前能源问题的解决显得重要。
发明内容
本发明公开了一种混合动力系统，解决了换档、动力切换过程的动力中断问题，同时结构紧凑。
本发明公开的一种混合动力系统，包括：发动机、第一电机、第二电机、第一离合器、第二离合器、行星轮系、内输入轴、外输入轴、输出轴系和差速器；
所述行星轮系包括太阳轮、行星轮和行星齿轮圈；由内至外，所述太阳轮与所述行星轮啮合，所述行星轮与所述行星齿轮圈啮合；所述太阳轮轴心平行向外延伸并通过第二电机转子与所述第二电机固定连接；所述行星轮轴心与外输入轴的输入端固定连接；
所述第一离合器内圈与第二离合器外圈构成一体且平行向外一体成型出行星齿轮圈；所述发动机通过传动系统与第一离合器内圈固定连接，所述第一电机与第一离合器外圈固定相连，第二离合器与内输入轴的输入端固定相连；
所述外输入轴外套在内输入轴外，外输入轴、内输入轴的输出端通过输出轴系与差速器连接。
进一步地，所述输出轴系包括输出轴、输出齿轮、常啮合齿轮和同步器；输出齿轮包括第一输出轴齿轮、第二输出轴齿轮；所述第一输出轴齿轮空套在输出轴上，所述第二输出轴齿轮固定在输出轴上，所述同步器固定在输出轴上且布置在第一输出轴齿轮和第二输出轴齿轮之间；所述常啮合齿轮固定在输出轴上且被用于向差速器输出动力；所述外输入轴的输出端为外输入轴齿轮，所述外输入轴齿轮与第一输出轴齿轮啮合；所述内输入轴的输出端为内输入轴齿轮，所述内输入轴齿轮与第二输出轴齿轮啮合。
进一步地，发动机通过传动系统与第一离合器内圈固定连接，所述传动系统为轴齿传动系统或链带传动系统。
进一步地，第一电机通过轴齿传动或链带传动或电机转子方式与第一离合器外圈固定相连；第二电机通过轴齿传动或链带传动或电机转子方式与太阳轮固定连接。
本发明有益技术效果为：
该系统将齿圈、两个离合器及电机进行集成和传动大大节省了空间，又能有效的控制功率分流；该系统驱动模式多样化，对能源应用更加效率。同时电机对驱动动力源进行辅助换挡，实现无动力中断，提升了系统动力性。发动机也可在需要消耗掉能量的工况对发动机进行充电，实现节能。
附图说明
图1为本发明一种混合动力系统结构示意图；
其中，1为发动机，2 为行星齿轮圈，3为第一离合器，4为第一电机，5为第二离合器，6为行星架，7为太阳轮，8为第二电机，9为第二电机转子，10为外输入轴齿轮，11为内输入轴齿轮，12为第一输出轴齿轮，13为第二输出轴齿轮，14为常啮合齿轮，15为差速器，16为同步器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细说明。
如图1所示，本发明公开的一种混合动力系统，包括：发动机1、第一电机4、第二电机8、第一离合器3、第二离合器5、行星轮系、内输入轴、外输入轴、输出轴系和差速器15。
行星轮系包括太阳轮7、行星架6和行星齿轮圈2。由内至外，太阳轮7与行星架6啮合，行星架6与行星齿轮圈2啮合；太阳轮轴心平行向外延伸并通过第二电机转子9与第二电机固定连接；行星轮轴心与外输入轴的输入端固定连接；
第一离合器内圈与第二离合器外圈构成一体且平行向外一体成型出行星齿轮圈2；发动机1通过传动系统与第一离合器内圈固定连接，第一电机4通过轴齿传动或链带传动或电机转子方式与第一离合器外圈固定相连，第二离合器5通过轴齿传动或链带传动或电机转子方式与内输入轴的输入端固定相连；传动系统为轴齿传动系统或链带传动系统。
外输入轴外套在内输入轴外，外输入轴、内输入轴的输出端通过输出轴系与差速器15连接。
输出轴系包括输出轴、输出齿轮、常啮合齿轮14和同步器16；输出齿轮包括第一输出轴齿轮12、第二输出轴齿轮13；第一输出轴齿轮空套在输出轴上，第二输出轴齿轮固定在输出轴上，同步器固定在输出轴上且布置在第一输出轴齿轮和第二输出轴齿轮之间；常啮合齿轮固定在输出轴上且被用于向差速器输出动力。
第一离合器为干式离合器或湿式离合器；第二离合器为干式离合器或湿式离合器。
本一种混合动力系统按如下模式工作：
一）纯发动机驱动模式
发动机1驱动，第二离合器5控制闭合将动力传递到内输入轴，内输入轴的内输入轴齿轮11将动力传递到第二输出轴齿轮13，常啮合齿轮14将动力传递到差速器15；
档位切换时，同步器16与第一输出齿轮12结合，第二电机4控制扭矩和转速或制动太阳轮7，实施动力补偿；
第二离合器5打开，发动机1动力转换到行星齿轮圈2，进而通过行星架6传递到外输入轴，通过外输入轴齿轮10再将动力传递到第一输出轴齿轮12，并由常啮合齿轮14将动力传递到差速器，实现无动力中断的升挡切换。降档工况同理反向进行；
二）第一电机单独驱动模式
第一电机4驱动，第一离合器3和第二离合器5控制结合，第二电机8自由，同步器16与第一输出齿轮12结合，第一电机4通过内输入轴齿轮11传递动力到第二传动齿轮13，常啮合齿轮14将扭矩传递到差速器15；
动力切换时，第二离合器5控制打开，第二电机8控制扭矩转速或制动，通过行星架6传递动力到外输入轴，通过外输入轴齿轮10传递动力到第一输出齿轮12，再通过常啮合齿轮14传递动能到差速器15。实现无动力中断的升档。降档工况同理反向进行；
三）第二电机单独驱动模式
第二电机8驱动，第一离合器3控制结合，同步器16与第一输出齿轮12结合，第一电机4控制扭矩转速或制动，通过行星架6传递动力到外输入轴齿轮10，外输入轴齿轮10传递动力到传动齿轮12，再通过传动齿轮14传递动能到差速器15；
四）发动机与第一电机同时驱动的混合动力模式
发动机1驱动，第一电机4驱动，第二电机8自由，第一离合器3、第二离合器5控制结合，发动机1与第一电机4的动力通过第一离合器3、第二离合器5传递到内输入轴，通过内输入轴齿轮11将动力传递到第二输出轴齿轮13，常啮合齿轮14将动力传递到差速器15；
档位切换时，同步器16与第一输出轴齿轮12结合，通过第二电机4控制扭矩和转速或制动太阳轮7，实施动力补偿；
控制第二离合器5打开，将发动机1动力和第一电机4动力转换到行星齿轮圈2，通过行星架6传递到外输入轴，通过外输入轴齿轮10将动力传递到第一输出轴齿轮12，常啮合齿轮14将动力传递到差速器；进而实现无动力中断的升挡切换。降档工况同理反向进行；
五）发动机与第二电机同时驱动的混合动力模式
发动机1驱动，第二电机8驱动，第一电机4自由，第一离合器3打开，同步器16不结合，第二离合器5控制结合，发动机1动力和第二电机8动力通过第二离合器5传递到内输入轴，通过内输入轴齿轮11将动力传递到第二输出轴齿轮13，常啮合齿轮14将动力传递到差速器15；
六）发动机与第一电机、第二电机三者共同驱动的混合动力模式
发动机1、第一电机4和第二电机8共同驱动，第一离合器3、第二离合器5控制结合，同步器不结合16，发动机1动力、第一电机4动力，第二电机8动力通过第二离合器5传递到内输入轴，通过内输入轴齿轮11将动力传递到第二输出轴齿轮13，常啮合齿轮14将动力传递到差速器15；
七）充电模式
第一离合器闭合，第一电机4和第二电机8自由，发动机通过第一离合器外圈给第一电机4充电，通过第一离合器外圈、行星架6给第二电机8充电。
综上，本发明公开的一种混合动力系统通过行星轮系与离合器的集成，以及和轴齿的配合，使该系统结构更加紧凑。该系统可以进行多种驱动模式，在纯发动机模式下可进行能量回收，同时在多种驱动模式下，可通过离合器及电机、同步器的配合下的进行无动力换挡，使动力系统传动效率更高，动力更强，提升系统燃油效率。

Claims (4)

1.一种混合动力系统，其特征在于包括：发动机（1）、第一电机（4）、第二电机（8）、第一离合器（3）、第二离合器（5）、行星轮系、内输入轴、外输入轴、输出轴系和差速器；
所述行星轮系包括太阳轮（7）、行星架（6）和行星齿轮圈（2）；由内至外，所述太阳轮（7）与所述行星架（6）啮合，所述行星架与所述行星齿轮圈（2）啮合；所述太阳轮轴心平行向外延伸并通过第二电机转子（9）与所述第二电机（8）固定连接；所述行星架（6）轴心与外输入轴的输入端固定连接；
所述第一离合器内圈与第二离合器外圈构成一体且平行向外一体成型出行星齿轮圈（2）；所述发动机（1）通过传动系统与第一离合器内圈固定连接，所述第一电机（4）与第一离合器外圈固定相连，第二离合器与内输入轴的输入端固定相连；
所述外输入轴外套在内输入轴外，外输入轴、内输入轴的输出端通过输出轴系与差速器连接。
2.根据权利要求1所诉的一种混合动力系统，其特征在于：所述输出轴系包括输出轴、输出齿轮、常啮合齿轮（14）和同步器（16）；输出齿轮包括第一输出轴齿轮（12）、第二输出轴齿轮（13）；所述第一输出轴齿轮空套在输出轴上，所述第二输出轴齿轮固定在输出轴上，所述同步器固定在输出轴上且布置在第一输出轴齿轮和第二输出轴齿轮之间；所述常啮合齿轮固定在输出轴上且被用于向差速器输出动力；所述外输入轴的输出端为外输入轴齿轮（10），所述外输入轴齿轮（10）与第一输出轴齿轮（12）啮合；所述内输入轴的输出端为内输入轴齿轮（11），所述内输入轴齿轮（11）与第二输出轴齿轮（13）啮合。
3.根据权利要求2所诉的一种混合动力系统，其特征在于：发动机通过传动系统与第一离合器内圈固定连接，所述传动系统为轴齿传动系统或链带传动系统。
4.根据权利要求3所诉的一种混合动力系统，其特征在于：第一电机（4）通过轴齿传动或链带传动或电机转子方式与第一离合器外圈固定相连；第二电机通过轴齿传动或链带传动或电机转子方式与太阳轮固定连接。
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