CN111844937A - 一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,所述的太阳能背板为三层聚烯烃共挤膜与耐候膜在线热压合而成,太阳能背板的厚度为350μm;所述的三层聚烯烃共挤膜自外而内依次为共聚PP功能层、聚烯烃支撑层、粘结功能层,三层聚烯烃共挤膜的厚度300为μm;所述耐候膜为PVF或PVDF膜,厚度为50μm;三层聚烯烃共挤膜、耐候膜挤出贴合在线同步进行,所述的耐候膜位于共聚PP功能层的外侧。本发明的太阳能背板具备优异的抗冲击性、长期耐热性、耐热变色性、抗静电性能和尺寸稳定性,太阳能背板不分层,不开裂,实现支撑层的耐环境应力开裂和支撑性。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及太阳能背板技术领域,具体涉及一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板及其制备方法。
背景技术
太阳能背板也称为太阳能电池背板、太阳能电池背板膜、光伏背板、光伏背板膜。因太阳能电池装置于室外,经常会出现由于高温、紫外线、风雨等原因导致的产品老化,发电效率低下等问题。太阳能背板可以作为一层保护膜将太阳能电池的内侧包裹起来,大大延长太阳能电池的使用寿命,其广泛应用于太阳能电池光伏组件,位于太阳能电池板的背面,对电池片起保护和支撑作用,具有可靠的绝缘性、阻水性、耐老化性。现有的太阳能背板通常设计具有三层结构(PVDF/PET/PVDF),但是这种传统的太阳能背板抗冲击性、抗静电性能、耐热变色性等结构以及化学属性有待提高。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种不同于现有市场常规的多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板、及其制备方法,本发明的太阳能背板具备优异的抗冲击性、长期耐热性、耐热变色性、抗静电性能和尺寸稳定性,太阳能背板不分层,不开裂,实现支撑层的耐环境应力开裂和支撑性。
为了实现以上目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,所述的太阳能背板为三层聚烯烃共挤膜与耐候膜在线热压合而成,太阳能背板的厚度为350μm;
所述的三层聚烯烃共挤膜自外而内依次为共聚PP功能层、聚烯烃支撑层、粘结功能层,三层聚烯烃共挤膜的厚度300为μm;
所述耐候膜为PVF或PVDF膜,厚度为50μm;
三层聚烯烃共挤膜、耐候膜挤出贴合在线同步进行,所述的耐候膜位于共聚PP功能层的外侧。
进一步的,所述的共聚PP功能层厚度为50μm,原料为94.7%改性高等规共聚抗冲聚丙烯(HIPP),填充2.0%钛白粉、0.8%ZnO和2.5%滑石粉。
进一步的,所述的聚烯烃支撑层厚度为200μm,原料为PP含量70%,共混线性低密度聚乙烯(共混LLDPE)含量20%,填充滑石粉10%。
再进一步的,所述的填充滑石粉的粉粒径小于或等于12μm。
进一步的,所述的粘结功能层为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)或茂金属聚丙烯;当所述的粘结功能层为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)时,其熔融温度95℃-100℃之间;当所述的粘结功能层为茂金属聚丙烯时,其熔融温度低于120℃。
一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配方料斗分别将各层配方提供给三台挤出机,经分层模头实现三层组分共挤成膜;
2)将模头流出的三层共挤膜共聚PP功能层、聚烯烃支撑层、粘结功能层与预热至160℃的PVF膜经热压辊压合,或与预热至140℃的PVDF膜热压合,经冷却、修边后收卷,得到多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板。
进一步的,步骤1)中挤出机的长径比为25:1——33:1。
再进一步的,所述的模头的温度控制在220℃。
本发明的技术效果在于:本发明的太阳能背板具备优异的抗冲击性、长期耐热性、耐热变色性、抗静电性能和尺寸稳定性,太阳能背板不分层,不开裂,实现支撑层的耐环境应力开裂和支撑性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的太阳能背板结构图;
图2为本发明的太阳能背板应用在光伏组件上的结构图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
参照附图,一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,包括:
所述的太阳能背板为三层聚烯烃共挤膜10与耐候膜20在线热压合而成,太阳能背板的厚度为350μm;
所述的三层聚烯烃共挤膜10自外而内依次为共聚PP功能层11、聚烯烃支撑层12、粘结功能层13,三层聚烯烃共挤膜10的厚度300为μm;
所述耐候膜20为PVF或PVDF膜,厚度为50μm;
三层聚烯烃共挤膜10、耐候膜20挤出贴合在线同步进行,所述的耐候膜20位于共聚PP功能层11的外侧。
进一步的,所述的共聚PP功能层11厚度为50μm,原料为94.7%改性高等规共聚抗冲聚丙烯(HIPP),填充2.0%钛白粉、0.8%ZnO和2.5%滑石粉。
试验温度为(85±2)℃,相对湿度为(85±5)%的恒温恒湿试验箱中进行处理5000h,黄变指数ΔYi≤1.5,表面无静电。150℃,30分钟环境下测试热收缩TD、MD≤0.5%。具备优异的抗冲击性、长期耐热性、耐热变色性、抗静电性能和尺寸稳定性。
进一步的,所述的聚烯烃支撑层12厚度为200μm,原料为PP含量70%,共混线性低密度聚乙烯(共混LLDPE)含量20%,填充滑石粉10%。
再进一步的,所述的填充滑石粉的粉粒径小于或等于12μm。
PCT测试(测试条件:121℃;90%RH;2大气压)快速老化,参照图2,采用太阳能模组或者光伏组件(即图中电池片50)用封装EVA30压制在毛玻璃板(即图中玻璃40)上(太阳能背板/EVA/玻璃),其中压制条件由组件封装工艺根据EVA种类选定,放入PCT试验箱96h,太阳能背板不分层,不开裂。实现支撑层(依托聚烯烃支撑层12)的耐环境应力开裂和支撑性。
进一步的,所述的粘结功能层13为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)或茂金属聚丙烯;当所述的粘结功能层13为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)时,其熔融温度95℃-100℃之间;当所述的粘结功能层13为茂金属聚丙烯时,其熔融温度低于120℃。
太阳能背板的一面(内侧面)后期要与EVA加热到140℃复合,另一面(外侧面)裸露在空气中。本实施例中,复合EVA面(即与粘结功能层13的复合面)选用的是LLDPE,原理是可以在140℃是与EVA共熔粘结,耐候膜20为PVF或PVDF裸露空气中,具有耐酸碱腐蚀,耐风沙刮伤和耐高低温等性能,起到保护光伏组件的作用。共聚PP功能层11主要是增强PVF或PVDF膜层的作用,做辅助作用。聚烯烃支撑层12主要是实现整个太阳能背板的挺度和耐环境应力开裂。
基于上述组分方案,一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)配方料斗分别将各层配方提供给三台挤出机,经分层模头实现三层组分共挤成膜;
2)将模头流出的三层共挤膜共聚PP功能层11、聚烯烃支撑层12、粘结功能层13与预热至160℃的PVF膜经热压辊压合,或与预热至140℃的PVDF膜热压合,经冷却、修边后收卷,得到多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板。
进一步的,步骤1)中挤出机的长径比为25:1——33:1。
再进一步的,所述的模头的温度控制在220℃。
以160℃的PVF膜为例,160℃的PVF膜与220℃的模头流出的熔体可以共熔贴合,厚度控制方便快捷。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,其特征在于,
所述的太阳能背板为三层聚烯烃共挤膜(10)与耐候膜(20)在线热压合而成,太阳能背板的厚度为350μm;
所述的三层聚烯烃共挤膜(10)自外而内依次为共聚PP功能层(11)、聚烯烃支撑层(12)、粘结功能层(13),三层聚烯烃共挤膜(10)的厚度300为μm;
所述耐候膜(20)为PVF或PVDF膜,厚度为50μm;
三层聚烯烃共挤膜(10)、耐候膜(20)挤出贴合在线同步进行,所述的耐候膜(20)位于共聚PP功能层(11)的外侧。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,其特征在于:所述的共聚PP功能层(11)厚度为50μm,原料为94.7%改性高等规共聚抗冲聚丙烯(HIPP),填充2.0%钛白粉、0.8%ZnO和2.5%滑石粉。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,其特征在于:所述的聚烯烃支撑层(12)厚度为200μm,原料为PP含量70%,共混线性低密度聚乙烯(共混LLDPE)含量20%,填充滑石粉10%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,其特征在于:所述的填充滑石粉的粉粒径小于或等于12μm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板,其特征在于:所述的粘结功能层(13)为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)或茂金属聚丙烯;当所述的粘结功能层(13)为线性低密度聚乙烯(LLDPE)时,其熔融温度95℃-100℃之间;当所述的粘结功能层(13)为茂金属聚丙烯时,其熔融温度低于120℃。
6.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)配方料斗分别将各层配方提供给三台挤出机,经分层模头实现三层组分共挤成膜;
2)将模头流出的三层共挤膜共聚PP功能层(11)、聚烯烃支撑层(12)、粘结功能层(13)与预热至160℃的PVF膜经热压辊压合,或与预热至140℃的PVDF膜热压合,经冷却、修边后收卷,得到多层共挤型并在线热压贴合耐候膜而成太阳能背板。
7.根据权利要求6所述的一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤1)中挤出机的长径比为25:1——33:1。
8.根据权利要求6或7所述的一种多层共挤型在线热压贴合太阳能背板的制备方法,其特征在于,所述的模头的温度控制在220℃。
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