CN111837568B - Intelligent fertilizer applicator capable of automatically detecting soil fertility - Google Patents
Intelligent fertilizer applicator capable of automatically detecting soil fertility Download PDFInfo
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- CN111837568B CN111837568B CN202010768402.1A CN202010768402A CN111837568B CN 111837568 B CN111837568 B CN 111837568B CN 202010768402 A CN202010768402 A CN 202010768402A CN 111837568 B CN111837568 B CN 111837568B
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[P].[K] Chemical compound [N].[P].[K] WZLMXYBCAZZIRQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/047—Spraying of liquid fertilisers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B71/00—Construction or arrangement of setting or adjusting mechanisms, of implement or tool drive or of power take-off; Means for protecting parts against dust, or the like; Adapting machine elements to or for agricultural purposes
- A01B71/08—Means for protecting against dust, or the like, or for cleaning agricultural implements
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B15/00—Details of spraying plant or spraying apparatus not otherwise provided for; Accessories
- B05B15/20—Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising
- B05B15/25—Arrangements for agitating the material to be sprayed, e.g. for stirring, mixing or homogenising using moving elements, e.g. rotating blades
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
- G01N33/245—Earth materials for agricultural purposes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to an intelligent fertilizer applicator capable of automatically detecting soil fertility, which comprises: a walking vehicle; the working end of the self-cleaning soil detector is vertically arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle downwards; the mixing and stirring box is arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle; the bottom end of the water tank is communicated with the input end of a liquid constant delivery pump through a pipeline, and the liquid constant delivery pump is communicated with the top end of the interior of the mixing and stirring tank through a pipeline; the working end of the fertilizer box is vertically downwards arranged at the top end of the mixing and stirring box through a fertilizer batcher; the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer is arranged on the outer side of the travelling vehicle, the input end of the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer is communicated with the output end of the self-sucking pump through a hose, and the input end of the self-sucking pump is communicated with the bottom end inside the mixing and stirring box through a pipeline; this equipment can detect soil fertility by oneself then the liquid manure of the appropriate concentration of ratio is automatic sprays, easy operation, and work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to an intelligent fertilizer applicator capable of automatically detecting soil fertility.
Background
Agriculture is the foundation of national economy, food safety is concerned with national existence, China has limited agricultural production resources, scientific and technological innovation is the only way for agricultural development, at present, in agricultural production, because the topography is different in various regions, some local regions are rugged, fertilizer application is difficult to carry out through agricultural machinery, most of the fertilizer application is carried out manually, because the existing fertilizer application devices for agriculture are high in labor intensity and waste working time in the fertilizer application process, the fertilizer application devices are not easy to carry, are inconvenient to carry, are not easy to apply fertilizer, and waste fertilizer; and the water and fertilizer with different concentrations need to be prepared according to the soil fertility before fertilization, which is more complicated.
Chinese patent CN201810643911.4 discloses a fertilizer injection unit of even fertilization, which comprises a frame, the top of frame is equipped with fertilizer injection unit and seeder, fertilizer injection unit is including the fertilization storage box, the fertilization storage box sets up the top at seeder, the bottom of fertilization storage box sets up for the slope, the bottom least of fertilization storage box is equipped with the fertilizer export, the connecting rod adopts the cavity setting, it changes the material device to be equipped with between connecting rod and the fertilizer export, it includes circular shell to change the material device, change feed cylinder and pivot, be equipped with circular shell between fertilizer export and the connecting rod, one side of circular shell is equipped with the opening that links to each other with the fertilizer export, circular shell's opposite side is equipped with the opening of being connected with the connecting rod, be equipped with the pivot in the circular shell, the axletree of wheel is connected through the drive belt to the pivot, be equipped with in the pivot and use the pivot to change the feed cylinder of the even subsection of centre of a circle as the centre of a circle.
The device needs to manually detect the soil fertility before fertilization and then manually prepare the water fertilizer with proper concentration, which is complicated,
disclosure of Invention
For solving the technical problem, the intelligent fertilizer applicator capable of automatically detecting the soil fertility is provided, and the technical scheme solves the problem of the fertilizer application equipment capable of automatically detecting the soil fertility and automatically preparing the water and fertilizer with proper concentration.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the utility model provides an automatic detect intelligent fertilizer distributor of soil fertility, including: a walking vehicle; the working end of the self-cleaning soil detector is vertically arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle downwards; the mixing and stirring box is arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle; the bottom end of the water tank is communicated with the input end of a liquid constant delivery pump through a pipeline, and the liquid constant delivery pump is communicated with the top end of the interior of the mixing and stirring tank through a pipeline; the working end of the fertilizer box is arranged downwards vertically through the top end of the mixing and stirring box through the fertilizer batcher, and the fertilizer batcher quantitatively puts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box into the mixing and stirring box in a working state; the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer is arranged on the outer side of the travelling vehicle, the input end of the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer is communicated with the output end of the self-sucking pump through a hose, and the input end of the self-sucking pump is communicated with the bottom end inside the mixing and stirring box through a pipeline; the walking vehicle, the self-cleaning soil detector, the mixing and stirring box, the liquid dosing pump, the fertilizer dosing device, the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer and the self-sucking pump are all electrically connected with the controller.
Preferably, the self-cleaning soil detector comprises: the ball screw sliding table is vertically arranged at the top end of the travelling vehicle; the fixed concave frame is provided with a notch upwards and a moving part of the ball screw sliding table through a support, and rubber rings are arranged at the bottom end of the notch of the fixed concave frame at equal intervals; the working end of the first NPK sensor faces downwards vertically, two sides of the working end of the first NPK sensor are respectively and vertically arranged in the groove of the ball screw sliding table in a sliding mode through a first guide rail and a second guide rail in a sliding mode, and a probe of the first NPK sensor is in coaxial interference fit with the rubber ring; the screw rod vertically penetrates through two ends of the first guide rail sliding block, and two ends of the screw rod are rotatably arranged on one side of the first guide rail through the rotating seat; the nut is fixedly arranged at one end of the first guide rail sliding block and is in threaded connection and matching with the first NPK sensor; the transparent concave frame is clamped on the fixed concave frame; and an output shaft of the first servo motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the screw rod.
Preferably, the mixing and stirring tank comprises: the sealing tank is arranged at the top end of the travelling vehicle, the topmost end of the sealing tank is respectively provided with a first material port and a second material port which are communicated with the output ends of the liquid dosing pump and the fertilizer dosing device, and the bottommost end of the sealing tank is also provided with a third material port which is communicated with the input end of the self-priming pump; the rotary roller is rotatably arranged in the sealing tank, and stirring rods vertical to the axis are arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotary roller at equal intervals; and an output shaft of the second servo motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rotating roller.
Preferably, the fertilizer box comprises: the fertilizer metering device comprises a sealing box, a fertilizer metering device and a control box, wherein an external thread feed inlet communicated with the output end of the top end of the fertilizer metering device is formed in one side of the bottom end in the sealing box; the internal thread sealing cover is coaxially screwed on the external thread feeding hole; stirring piece, output set up inside the seal box and be located the discharge gate top.
Preferably, the fertilizer batcher includes: the placing seat is fixedly arranged at the topmost end of the sealing tank, a rotating groove with the axis horizontal to the first material port and the same vertical surface is arranged in the placing seat, and a feeding hopper port and a discharging hopper port communicated with the external thread feeding port and the second material port are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the rotating groove; the fixed plate is arranged at one end of the placing seat so that the port of the rotating groove is sealed; the material distributing roller is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the rotating groove through a fixed shaft, and the outer circumferential surface of the material distributing roller is in clearance sliding fit with the inner wall of the rotating groove; semi-circular grooves for containing materials are uniformly distributed on the outer circle shaft surface of the distributing roller along the axis; and an output shaft of the stepping motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the fixed shaft.
Preferably, the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer comprises: the rotating frame is arranged on the outer side of the travelling vehicle; the axis of the rotating rod is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the rotating frame; the concave frame is provided with a notch facing the rotating rod, and two sides of the concave frame are fixedly connected with the rotating rod; the fixed main pipe and the rotating rod are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the concave frame, and two ends of the fixed main pipe are communicated with the output end of the self-priming pump through a rotary joint and a hose; the output end of the flat nozzle is vertically arranged on the fixed main pipe at equal intervals on the same plane and is communicated with the inside of the fixed main pipe; and the output shaft of the flat nozzle is hinged with the bottom end of the concave frame notch, and the other end of the flat nozzle is hinged with the top end of the walking vehicle.
Preferably, the mixing and stirring box further comprises an electromagnetic valve, wherein the electromagnetic valve is arranged at the bottom end of the sealing tank and is communicated with the input end of the self-priming pump through a pipeline.
Preferably, the top end of the sealing tank is also provided with an air valve for leveling the internal pressure intensity of the sealing tank to prevent the water and the fertilizer from leaking outside.
Preferably, one end of the seal tank is also provided with a second phosphorus potassium sensor for detecting the concentration of the mixed water fertilizer in real time.
Preferably, the stirring member comprises: the output shaft of the third servo motor penetrates through the top end of the sealing box and is positioned at the top of the discharge hole; and the spiral roller is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the third servo motor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the self-cleaning soil detector is used for automatically detecting soil fertility and automatically cleaning residual soil at the working end of the first NPK sensor, specifically, the ball screw sliding table is started, the moving part of the ball screw sliding table drives the fixed concave frame to vertically move downwards through the support, the first servo motor is started, the output shaft of the first servo motor drives the screw rod to coaxially rotate on the rotating seat, the nut is screwed and matched with the screw rod thread, the screw rod sliding block drives the first NPK sensor to vertically descend, the first NPK sensor probe penetrates through the rubber ring to be inserted into the soil, the soil fertility is analyzed and transmitted to the controller, and the controller is used for preparing water and fertilizer with proper concentration; after detection is finished, the output shaft of the first servo motor is turned over, the ball screw sliding table is reset, and the first NPK sensor is in interference sliding fit with the rubber ring, so that the rubber ring removes residual soil on the probe of the first NPK sensor, and further the influence on next soil detection is avoided;
2. the liquid quantitative pump and the fertilizer batcher are used for quantitatively taking materials, the materials are uniformly mixed through the mixing stirring box, specifically, the stepping motor is started, so that the fixed plate coaxially rotates in the placing seat, the material distributing rollers are uniformly provided with the semicircular grooves, the rotating material distributing rollers can quantitatively contain the fertilizer in the sealing box through each rotation, and the fertilizer is put into the sealing tank through the discharge hopper opening; starting a liquid dosing pump to inject a certain amount of dilution liquid into the sealed tank through the water tank; starting a second servo motor, so that an output shaft of the second servo motor drives a rotating roller provided with a stirring rod to coaxially rotate in the sealed tank, and the fertilizer and the diluent are uniformly mixed;
3. The self-spraying device automatically adjusts the angle through the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer and the self-sucking pump to spray in a water curtain shape, specifically, the electromagnetic valve is opened, the self-sucking pump is started, so that water and fertilizer in the sealed tank are injected into the fixed main pipe, the water and fertilizer are sprayed outwards through the flat nozzle, and the travelling vehicle is started to spray in a water curtain shape in a travelling state; the electric push rod is started, and the output shaft of the electric push rod drives the rotating frame to rotate, so that the spraying angles of the flat nozzle are different, and uniform spraying is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the self-cleaning soil detector of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view at section A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a side view of the mixing and agitation tank of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a sectional view at section B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the fertilizer can and fertilizer batcher of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view at section C-C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the fertilizer can and fertilizer batcher of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view at section D-D of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is an exploded perspective view of a fertilizer doser of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a perspective view of the flip type liquid curtain sprinkler of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a walking vehicle;
2-self-cleaning soil detector; 2 a-a ball screw sliding table; 2 b-fixing the concave frame; 2b 1-rubber ring; 2 c-a first NPK sensor; 2 d-a first guide rail; 2 e-a second guide rail; 2 f-a screw rod; 2 g-a rotating seat; 2 h-nut; 2 i-a transparent concave frame; 2 j-a first servo motor;
3-mixing and stirring box; 3 a-sealing the tank; 3a 1-first port; 3a 2-second port; 3a 3-third material port; 3 b-a rotating roller; 3 c-a stirring rod; 3 d-a second servo motor; 3 e-a solenoid valve; 3 f-an air valve; 3 g-a second NPK sensor;
4-a water tank;
5-liquid dosing pump;
6-a fertilizer box; 6 a-sealing box; 6a 1-male screw feed; 6a 2-guide ramp; 6a 3-discharge port; 6 b-internal thread sealing cover; 6 c-a stirring member; 6c 1-third servomotor; 6c 2-helical rolls;
7-a fertilizer batcher; 7 a-a setting seat; 7a 1-rotating groove; 7a 2-hopper mouth; 7a 3-discharge hopper mouth; 7 b-a fixing plate; 7 c-a distributing roller; 7c 1-semi-circular groove; 7 d-a fixed shaft; 7 e-a stepper motor;
8-roll over liquid curtain sprinklers; 8 a-a turret; 8 b-rotating rod; 8 c-a concave shelf; 8 d-fixed main pipe; 8 e-a rotary joint; 8 f-flat nozzle; 8 g-electric push rod;
9-self priming pump.
Detailed Description
The following description is presented to disclose the invention so as to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the invention. The preferred embodiments in the following description are given by way of example only, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.
As shown with reference to figure 1 of the drawings,
the utility model provides an automatic detect intelligent fertilizer distributor of soil fertility, including:
a traveling vehicle 1;
the working end of the self-cleaning soil detector 2 is vertically arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle 1 downwards;
the mixing and stirring box 3 is arranged at the top end of the travelling vehicle 1;
the bottom end of the water tank 4 is communicated with the input end of a liquid constant delivery pump 5 through a pipeline, and the liquid constant delivery pump 5 is communicated with the top end inside the mixing and stirring tank 3 through a pipeline;
the working end of the fertilizer box 6 is vertically downwards arranged at the top end of the mixing and stirring box 3 through the fertilizer batcher 7, and the fertilizer batcher 7 quantitatively puts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 6 into the mixing and stirring box 3 in a working state;
the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer 8 is arranged on the outer side of the travelling vehicle 1, the input end of the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer is communicated with the output end of the self-sucking pump 9 through a hose, and the input end of the self-sucking pump 9 is communicated with the bottom end inside the mixing and stirring box 3 through a pipeline;
the walking vehicle 1, the self-cleaning soil detector 2, the mixing and stirring box 3, the liquid dosing pump 5, the fertilizer dosing device 7, the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer 8 and the self-sucking pump 9 are all electrically connected with the controller.
When the automatic fertilizer spraying device works, the controller controls the working end of the self-cleaning soil detector 2 to be inserted into soil, so that the soil fertility is detected, the fertility data is sent to the controller and is analyzed by the controller, when the concentration of water and fertilizer to be sprayed is determined, the controller controls the fertilizer batcher 7 to quantitatively control fertilizer in the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer 8 to fall into the mixing and stirring box 3, the water tank 4 controls the liquid batcher 5 to inject a certain amount of diluent into the mixing and stirring box 3, the stirring part of the mixing and stirring box 3 is started, so that the fertilizer and the diluent are uniformly mixed, the controller controls the traveling vehicle 1 to travel, the self-priming pump 9 is started, so that the water and fertilizer in the mixing and stirring box 3 is discharged outwards through the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer 8, and the working end angle of the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer 8 is automatically adjustable, and the working end of the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer 8 is sprayed into a water curtain shape, so that the fertilizer is uniformly applied.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the self-cleaning soil detector 2 includes:
the ball screw sliding table 2a is vertically arranged at the top end of the travelling car 1;
the fixed concave frame 2b is provided with a notch upwards and is arranged at a moving part of the ball screw sliding table 2a through a support, and rubber rings 2b1 are arranged at the bottom end of the notch of the fixed concave frame 2b at equal intervals;
the working end of the first NPK sensor 2c faces downwards vertically, two sides of the first NPK sensor 2c are respectively and vertically arranged in a notch of the ball screw sliding table 2a in a sliding mode through a first guide rail 2d and a second guide rail 2e, and a probe of the first NPK sensor 2c is in coaxial interference fit with the rubber ring 2b 1;
the screw rod 2f vertically penetrates through two ends of a sliding block of the first guide rail 2d, and two ends of the screw rod 2f are rotatably arranged on one side of the guide rail of the first guide rail 2d through the rotating seat 2 g;
the nut 2h is fixedly arranged at one end of the first guide rail 2d sliding block and is in threaded connection and matching with the first NPK sensor 2 c;
the transparent concave frame 2i is clamped and arranged on the fixed concave frame 2 b;
and an output shaft of the first servo motor 2j is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the screw rod 2 f.
The first nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor 2c is a Jinisen brand soil detector with the model PR-TR-1; the walking vehicle 1 is used for fixedly mounting a ball screw sliding table 2a, and the fixed concave frame 2b is used for fixedly mounting a first guide rail 2d and a second guide rail 2 e; when soil fertility needs to be detected, the ball screw sliding table 2a is started, the moving part of the ball screw sliding table drives the fixed concave frame 2b to vertically descend so as to be abutted to the top end of soil, the first servo motor 2j is started, the output shaft of the first servo motor drives the screw rod 2f to rotate on the rotating seat 2g, the nut 2h and the screw rod 2f are screwed and arranged on the first guide rail 2d slide block, the first guide rail 2d slide block drives the first nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor 2c and the second guide rail 2e slide block to vertically descend, the probe of the first nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor 2c penetrates through the rubber ring 2b1 so as to be inserted into the soil, and the soil fertility is detected and then water and fertilizer are modulated by the controller; after the detection is finished, the output shaft of the first servo motor 2j rotates reversely, so that the first NPK sensor 2c rises vertically, the probe of the first NPK sensor 2c is in interference sliding fit with the fixed concave frame 2b, and the rubber ring 2b1 removes the residual soil on the probe, so that the influence on the next detection result is prevented; the lead screw 2f makes the first nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor 2c sealed relatively to the outside, prevents that the first nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor 2c from receiving the erosion.
As shown in fig. 5, the mixing and stirring tank 3 includes:
the sealing tank 3a is arranged at the top end of the travelling vehicle 1, the topmost end of the sealing tank 3a is respectively provided with a first material port 3a1 and a second material port 3a2 which are communicated with the output ends of the liquid dosing pump 5 and the fertilizer dosing device 7, and the bottommost end of the sealing tank 3a is also provided with a third material port 3a3 which is communicated with the input end of the self-sucking pump 9;
the rotary roller 3b is rotatably arranged in the sealed tank 3a, and stirring rods 3c vertical to the axis are also arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotary roller 3b at equal intervals;
and an output shaft of the second servo motor 3d is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rotating roller 3 b.
Inject into the seal pot 3a through first material mouth 3a1 when liquid dosing pump 5 with the dilute liquid of appropriate volume, and fertilizer batcher 7 puts into the seal pot 3a back with appropriate fertilizer through second material mouth 3a2, start second servo motor 3d, make its output shaft drive change roller 3b at the inside coaxial rotation of seal pot 3a, thereby make and use to change roller 3b to be the rotatory puddler 3c of axis with dilute liquid and fertilizer misce bene, thereby be convenient for outwards spray through first material mouth 3a1 and self priming pump 9, thereby realize automatic preparation liquid manure work.
As shown in fig. 7, the fertilizer box 6 includes:
The fertilizer metering device comprises a sealing box 6a, wherein an external thread feed inlet 6a1 communicated with the output end of the top end of a fertilizer metering device 7 is formed in one side of the bottom end in the sealing box 6a, a guide inclined surface 6a2 facing an external thread feed inlet 6a1 is obliquely formed in the bottom end in the sealing box 6a, and a discharge outlet 6a3 communicated with the inside is formed in the top end of the sealing box 6 a;
the internal thread sealing cover 6b is coaxially screwed on the external thread feeding hole 6a 1;
and the output end of the stirring piece 6c is arranged inside the sealing box 6a and is positioned at the top of the discharge port 6a 3.
Rotatory internal thread sealed lid 6b makes it break away from external screw thread feed inlet 6a1, pours fertilizer into in seal box 6a through the hopper, when fertilizer batcher 7 during operation, fertilizer batcher 7 working end is constantly through discharge gate 6a3 to appointed place ration transportation, and guide inclined plane 6a2 makes fertilizer in the outside screw thread feed inlet 6a1 of inclined plane effect whereabouts, after starting stirring piece 6c, stirring piece 6c working end is rotatory for thereby the inside fertilizer of seal box 6a is difficult for forming to pile up and extremely easily discharges.
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the fertilizer batcher 7 includes:
the device comprises a placing seat 7a, wherein the placing seat 7a is fixedly arranged at the topmost end of a sealing tank 3a, a rotating groove 7a1 with the axis horizontal to a first material port 3a1 and the same vertical surface is arranged in the placing seat 7a, and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating groove 7a1 are respectively provided with a feeding hopper port 7a2 and a discharging hopper port 7a3 which are communicated with an external thread feeding port 6a1 and a second material port 3a 2;
A fixed plate 7b, the fixed plate 7b is arranged at one end of the seating seat 7a to seal the port of the rotating groove 7a 1;
the distributing roller 7c is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the rotating groove 7a1 through a fixed shaft 7d, and the outer circumferential surface of the distributing roller 7c is in clearance sliding fit with the inner wall of the rotating groove 7a 1; semicircular grooves 7c1 for containing materials are uniformly distributed on the outer circle shaft surface of the material distributing roller 7c along the axis;
and an output shaft of the stepping motor 7e is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the fixed shaft 7 d.
The stepping motor 7e is started, an output shaft of the stepping motor drives the fixed shaft 7d to rotate at a small angle, so that the distributing roller 7c rotates at a small angle in the rotating groove 7a1, a semicircular groove 7c1 is formed in the distributing roller 7c, the upper end and the lower end of the rotating groove 7a1 are respectively provided with a feeding hopper opening 7a2 and a discharging hopper opening 7a3 which are communicated with the fertilizer box 6 and the mixing and stirring box 3, the semicircular groove 7c1 is fixed in material containing volume every time, and the distributing roller 7c conveys the fertilizer in the fertilizer box 6 to the mixing and stirring box 3 in a quantitative mode under the small-angle multi-time rotating state, so that the concentration of the water and the fertilizer is convenient to control; the fixing plate 7b makes the distribution roller 7c not easy to escape from the rotary groove 7a1 but only to rotate inside.
As shown in fig. 11, the flip type liquid curtain sprayer 8 includes:
The rotating frame 8a is arranged on the outer side of the walking vehicle 1;
the rotating rod 8b is arranged on the rotating frame 8a in a horizontally rotating mode;
the notch of the concave frame 8c faces the rotating rod 8b, and two sides of the concave frame 8c are fixedly connected with the rotating rod 8 b;
the fixed main pipe 8d and the rotating rod 8b are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the concave frame 8c, and two ends of the fixed main pipe 8d are communicated with the output end of the self-priming pump 9 through a rotary joint 8e and a hose;
the output end of the flat nozzle 8f is vertically arranged on the fixed main pipe 8d at equal intervals on the same plane and communicated with the inside of the fixed main pipe 8 d;
and the output shaft of the flat nozzle 8f is hinged with the bottom end of the notch of the concave frame 8c, and the other end of the flat nozzle is hinged with the top end of the walking vehicle 1.
9 output of self priming pump takes liquid manure out and pours into through the hose in to fixed being responsible for 8d, thereby make liquid manure outwards go out through the flat nozzle 8f that equidistant setting, thereby evenly fertilize, start electric putter 8g and make its output shaft drive concave shape frame 8c one end rotate on rotating turret 8a, thereby it is different to make swivel joint 8e spray the angle, thereby make multi-angle regulation spray, realize evenly fertilized purpose, dwang 8b is used for rotating and connects rotating turret 8a and concave shape frame 8c, and swivel joint 8e makes fixed being responsible for 8d not influence the ware under the rotating condition and normally spray the fertilization.
As shown in fig. 5, mixing and stirring box 3 further comprises an electromagnetic valve 3e, and electromagnetic valve 3e is disposed at the bottom end of seal pot 3a and is communicated with the input end of self-priming pump 9 through a pipeline.
Can the inside liquid manure of real time control seal pot 3a flow to self priming pump 9 through solenoid valve 3e to when preventing not evenly mixing, the liquid manure leaks outward.
As shown in fig. 5, an air valve 3f for leveling the internal pressure of the sealing tank 3a and preventing the liquid manure from leaking is further provided at the top end of the sealing tank 3 a.
The air valve 3f is used for equalizing the pressure inside the hermetic vessel 3a so as to facilitate the pumping of the liquid manure inside the hermetic vessel 3a for spraying.
As shown in fig. 5, one end of the sealed tank 3a is further provided with a second phosphorus potassium sensor 3g for detecting the concentration of the mixed water and fertilizer in real time.
And the second nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor 3g is used for monitoring whether the concentration of the water and fertilizer meets the standard or not in real time, so that the aim of automatic fertilization is fulfilled.
As shown in fig. 7, the stirring member 6c includes:
the output shaft of the third servo motor 6c1 penetrates through the top end of the seal box 6a and is positioned at the top of the discharge port 6a 3;
and the spiral roller 6c2 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the third servo motor 6c1 by the spiral roller 6c 2.
The third servo motor 6c1 is started to make the output shaft drive the spiral roller 6c2 to rotate coaxially at the top of the discharge port 6a3, so that the fertilizer is not easy to form accumulation inside the sealed box 6a, and is easy to be discharged outwards through the discharge port 6a 3.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the device realizes the functions of the invention through the following steps, thereby solving the technical problems provided by the invention:
the method comprises the following steps: starting the ball screw sliding table 2a, enabling a moving part of the ball screw sliding table to drive the fixed concave frame 2b to vertically move downwards through the bracket, starting the first servo motor 2j, enabling an output shaft of the first servo motor to drive the screw rod 2f to coaxially rotate on the rotating seat 2g, and enabling the nut 2h to be in threaded connection and matching with the screw rod 2f, so that the screw rod 2f sliding block drives the first nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor 2c to vertically descend, and further enabling a probe of the first nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor 2c to penetrate through the rubber ring 2b1 to be inserted into soil, thereby analyzing soil fertility and transmitting the soil fertility to a controller, and the controller allocates water and fertilizer with proper concentration; after the detection is finished, the output shaft of the first servo motor 2j is turned, the ball screw sliding table 2a is reset, and the first NPK sensor 2c is in interference sliding fit with the rubber ring 2b1, so that the rubber ring 2b1 removes residual soil on the probe of the first NPK sensor 2c, and further the influence on the next soil detection is avoided;
step two: the stepping motor 7e is started, so that the fixing plate 7b coaxially rotates in the placing seat 7a, and the material distributing roller 7c is uniformly provided with the semicircular grooves 7c1, so that the rotating material distributing roller 7c can quantitatively contain the fertilizer in the sealing box 6a by rotating every time, and the fertilizer is thrown into the sealing tank 3a through the discharging hopper opening 7a 3; starting the liquid metering pump 5 to inject a certain amount of dilution liquid into the sealed tank 3a through the water tank 4;
Step three: starting a second servo motor 3d, so that an output shaft of the second servo motor drives a rotating roller 3b provided with a stirring rod 3c to coaxially rotate in a sealed tank 3a, and thus, fertilizer and diluent are uniformly mixed;
step four: opening the electromagnetic valve 3e, starting the self-priming pump 9, so that the self-priming pump injects the water and fertilizer in the sealed tank 3a into the fixed main pipe 8d, so that the water and fertilizer is sprayed outwards through the flat nozzle 8f, and starting the traveling vehicle 1 to spray the water curtain in a traveling state;
step five: the electric push rod 8g is started, so that the output shaft of the electric push rod drives the rotating frame 8a to rotate, the spraying angles of the flat nozzles 8f are different, and the spraying is uniform.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are merely illustrative of the principles of the invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an automatic detect intelligent fertilizer distributor of soil fertility which characterized in that, including:
A traveling vehicle (1);
the working end of the self-cleaning soil detector (2) is vertically arranged downwards at the top end of the walking vehicle (1);
the mixing and stirring box (3) is arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle (1);
the bottom end of the water tank (4) is communicated with the input end of the liquid quantitative pump (5) through a pipeline, and the liquid quantitative pump (5) is communicated with the top end of the interior of the mixing and stirring box (3) through a pipeline;
the working end of the fertilizer box (6) is vertically arranged downwards at the top end of the mixing and stirring box (3) through the fertilizer batcher (7), and the fertilizer batcher (7) quantitatively puts the fertilizer in the fertilizer box (6) into the mixing and stirring box (3) in a working state;
the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer (8) is arranged on the outer side of the walking vehicle (1), the input end of the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer is communicated with the output end of the self-sucking pump (9) through a hose, and the input end of the self-sucking pump (9) is communicated with the bottom end inside the mixing and stirring box (3) through a pipeline;
the walking vehicle (1), the self-cleaning soil detector (2), the mixing and stirring box (3), the liquid dosing pump (5), the fertilizer dosing device (7), the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer (8) and the self-sucking pump (9) are all electrically connected with the controller;
self-cleaning soil detector (2) includes:
The ball screw sliding table (2 a) is vertically arranged at the top end of the walking vehicle (1);
the fixed concave frame (2 b), the notch of the fixed concave frame (2 b) is upward and is arranged on the moving part of the ball screw sliding table (2 a) through a bracket, and rubber rings (2 b 1) are arranged at the bottom end of the notch of the fixed concave frame (2 b) at equal intervals;
the working end of the first nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor (2 c) faces downwards vertically, two sides of the first nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor (2 c) are arranged in a notch of the ball screw sliding table (2 a) in a vertically sliding mode through a first guide rail (2 d) and a second guide rail (2 e), and a probe of the first nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium sensor (2 c) is in coaxial interference fit with the rubber ring (2 b 1);
the screw rod (2 f) vertically penetrates through two ends of a sliding block of the first guide rail (2 d), and two ends of the screw rod (2 f) are rotatably arranged on one side of the guide rail of the first guide rail (2 d) through a rotating seat (2 g);
the nut (2 h) is fixedly arranged at one end of the first guide rail (2 d) sliding block and is in threaded connection and matching with the first nitrogen phosphorus potassium sensor (2 c);
the transparent concave frame (2 i) is clamped on the fixed concave frame (2 b);
the output shaft of the first servo motor (2 j) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the top end of the screw rod (2 f).
2. The intelligent fertilizer distributor capable of automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 1, wherein the mixing and stirring box (3) comprises:
the device comprises a sealing tank (3 a), wherein the sealing tank (3 a) is arranged at the top end of a walking vehicle (1), the topmost end of the sealing tank (3 a) is respectively provided with a first material port (3 a 1) and a second material port (3 a 2) which are communicated with the output ends of a liquid dosing pump (5) and a fertilizer dosing device (7), and the bottommost end of the sealing tank (3 a) is also provided with a third material port (3 a 3) which is communicated with the input end of a self-sucking pump (9);
the rotary roller (3 b) is rotatably arranged in the sealed tank (3 a), and stirring rods (3 c) vertical to the axis are further arranged on the circumferential surface of the rotary roller (3 b) at equal intervals;
and an output shaft of the second servo motor (3 d) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rotating roller (3 b).
3. The intelligent fertilizer distributor capable of automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 2, wherein the fertilizer box (6) comprises:
the fertilizer metering device comprises a sealing box (6 a), wherein an external thread feeding hole (6 a 1) communicated with the output end of the top end of a fertilizer metering device (7) is formed in one side of the bottom end in the sealing box (6 a), a guide inclined plane (6 a 2) facing the external thread feeding hole (6 a 1) is obliquely formed in the bottom end in the sealing box (6 a), and a discharging hole (6 a 3) communicated with the inside is formed in the top end of the sealing box (6 a);
The internal thread sealing cover (6 b) is coaxially screwed on the external thread feeding hole (6 a 1);
and the output end of the stirring piece (6 c) is arranged inside the sealing box (6 a) and is positioned at the top of the discharge hole (6 a 3).
4. The intelligent fertilizer distributor capable of automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 3, wherein the fertilizer batcher (7) comprises:
the device comprises a placing seat (7 a), wherein the placing seat (7 a) is fixedly arranged at the topmost end of a sealing tank (3 a), a rotating groove (7 a 1) with the axis horizontal to a first material port (3 a 1) and the same vertical surface is arranged in the placing seat (7 a), and the upper end and the lower end of the rotating groove (7 a 1) are respectively provided with a feeding hopper port (7 a 2) and a discharging hopper port (7 a 3) which are communicated with an external thread feeding port (6 a 1) and a second material port (3 a 2);
a fixing plate (7 b), wherein the fixing plate (7 b) is arranged at one end of the placing seat (7 a) to seal the port of the rotating groove (7 a 1);
the material distributing roller (7 c) is coaxially and rotatably arranged in the rotating groove (7 a 1) through a fixed shaft (7 d), and the outer circumferential surface of the material distributing roller (7 c) is in clearance sliding fit with the inner wall of the rotating groove (7 a 1); semicircular grooves (7 c 1) for containing materials are uniformly distributed on the excircle axial surface of the material distributing roller (7 c) along the axial line;
And an output shaft of the stepping motor (7 e) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the fixed shaft (7 d).
5. The intelligent fertilizer distributor for automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 1, wherein the turnover type liquid curtain sprayer (8) comprises:
the rotating frame (8 a), the rotating frame (8 a) is arranged on the outer side of the travelling vehicle (1);
the axis of the rotating rod (8 b) is horizontally and rotatably arranged on the rotating frame (8 a);
the notch of the concave frame (8 c) faces the rotating rod (8 b) and two sides of the concave frame (8 c) are fixedly connected with the rotating rod;
the fixed main pipe (8 d) and the rotating rod (8 b) are coaxially and fixedly arranged on the concave frame (8 c), and two ends of the fixed main pipe (8 d) are communicated with the output end of the self-priming pump (9) through a rotary joint (8 e) and a hose;
the output end of the flat nozzle (8 f) is vertically arranged on the fixed main pipe (8 d) at equal intervals on the same plane and communicated with the inside of the fixed main pipe (8 d);
and the output shaft of the flat nozzle (8 f) is hinged with the bottom end of the notch of the concave frame (8 c), and the other end of the flat nozzle is hinged with the top end of the walking vehicle (1).
6. The intelligent fertilizer distributor capable of automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 2, wherein the mixing and stirring box (3) further comprises an electromagnetic valve (3 e), and the electromagnetic valve (3 e) is arranged at the bottom end of the sealing tank (3 a) and is communicated with the input end of the self-sucking pump (9) through a pipeline.
7. The intelligent fertilizer distributor capable of automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 2, wherein an air valve (3 f) for leveling the internal pressure intensity of the sealed tank (3 a) to prevent water and fertilizer from leaking is further arranged at the top end of the sealed tank (3 a).
8. The intelligent fertilizer distributor capable of automatically detecting the soil fertility according to claim 2, wherein one end of the sealed tank (3 a) is further provided with a second NPK sensor (3 g) for detecting the concentration of the mixed water and fertilizer in real time.
9. An intelligent fertilizer applicator for automatically detecting soil fertility according to claim 3, wherein the stirring member (6 c) comprises:
the output shaft of the third servo motor (6 c 1) penetrates through the top end of the seal box (6 a) and is positioned at the top of the discharge hole (6 a 3);
and the spiral roller (6 c 2), and the spiral roller (6 c 2) is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of the third servo motor (6 c 1).
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| CN112930826A (en) * | 2021-02-09 | 2021-06-11 | 山西省农业科学院小麦研究所 | A fertilizer injection unit for experimental district |
| CN113826515A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2021-12-24 | 海南福柚生态农业有限公司 | Cultivation method of yellow-meat green pomelos |
| CN114674647A (en) * | 2022-02-23 | 2022-06-28 | 福建省永正生态科技有限公司 | Multifunctional soil diluting device for soil detection |
| CN116058149B (en) * | 2023-02-01 | 2023-06-27 | 佳木斯大学 | Vegetable accurate fertilization device and control method |
| CN116982461B (en) * | 2023-07-27 | 2024-04-12 | 山东省农业科学院 | Water-soluble fertilizer applying device and application method thereof |
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| US6561437B1 (en) * | 2001-01-25 | 2003-05-13 | Alan M. Schulman | Water and fertilizer dispenser |
| US8342427B1 (en) * | 2010-02-05 | 2013-01-01 | Jivanjee Jr Mehboob H | Lawn and tree fertilizing device installable on sprinkler system |
| US10058026B1 (en) * | 2016-09-21 | 2018-08-28 | Danny Cooper | Underground fertilizing system for irrigation system |
| CN107593070A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽灵杨农机制造有限公司 | A kind of energy-saving fertilising spraying integral machine |
| CN108552020A (en) * | 2018-07-02 | 2018-09-21 | 常州信息职业技术学院 | A kind of comprehensive agricultural planting water-fertilizer integral spray fertilising operation device |
| CN209449212U (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2019-10-01 | 陕西云化农业科技有限公司 | A kind of agricultural fertilizer flusher |
| CN209628089U (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-11-15 | 河南亿家物联网科技股份有限公司 | A kind of agricultural Internet of Things fertilizing, watering device |
| CN210130077U (en) * | 2019-02-16 | 2020-03-10 | 尤雷 | Fertilizer injection unit for farming |
| CN109673480B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-04-16 | 福建龙锋云科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent water and fertilizer integrated sprinkling irrigation system and control method |
| CN210406486U (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2020-04-28 | 宁夏农林科学院农业经济与信息技术研究所（宁夏农业科技图书馆） | Small-size liquid manure integration intelligent monitoring is equipped |
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