CN1118315C - Process and apparatus for removing acid gases from exhaust gases - Google Patents
Process and apparatus for removing acid gases from exhaust gases Download PDFInfo
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- CN1118315C CN1118315C CN98109385A CN98109385A CN1118315C CN 1118315 C CN1118315 C CN 1118315C CN 98109385 A CN98109385 A CN 98109385A CN 98109385 A CN98109385 A CN 98109385A CN 1118315 C CN1118315 C CN 1118315C
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1493—Selection of liquid materials for use as absorbents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D47/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases, air or vapours by liquid as separating agent
- B01D47/06—Spray cleaning
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1456—Removing acid components
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
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- B01D53/79—Injecting reactants
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
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- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for removing acidic gas in exhaust gas, wherein the reactor is characterized in that the whole or the major part is formed into a tapered shape to decrease gradually the speed of the stream of the exhaust gas rising upward in the reactor. The invention is directed to improve acidic gas absorption efficiency and absorbent utilization by a method wherein retention time of a solid substance in a reactor is lengthened and the concentration of the solid substance is made high and an absorbent and the solid substance are homogeneously dispersed in exhaust gas.
Description
The present invention relates to a kind of method and apparatus of from the waste gas of generations such as coal-burning boiler, waste incinerator, removing sour gas such as sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride.
The known method of removing sour gas from this class waste gas is the half dry type doctor treatment, it comprises as JP-B-63209/1991 puts down in writing, with a kind of absorbent slurry, join waste gas upwards by in the vertical reactor wherein as the white lime slurry, make absorbent from waste gas, absorb sour gas, use the heat dry box slurry in the waste gas simultaneously, from the waste gas that reactor comes out, separate the drying solid contain product, unreacted absorbent and other material, and with the solid portion of these separation be recycled in the reactor.
This half dry type sulfur method needs further to improve the absorption efficiency of sour gas and the utilization ratio of absorbent.Sour gas and absorbents such as sulfur oxide mainly are to carry out on the surface of the solid in being suspended in reactor as the absorption reaction between the white lime, and are covered when solid because by moisture film but easier generation when wetting.In order to obtain higher sour gas absorption efficiency and more effectively to utilize absorbent, solid need be stopped the longer time in reactor, and the concentration of raising solid in reactor, thereby improve the total surface area that is suspended in solid in the reactor, perhaps absorbent is stopped the longer time in reactor, absorbent and sour gas are fully reacted.For the absorption efficiency that improves sour gas with more effectively utilize absorbent, importantly absorbent and solid are evenly dispersed in the waste gas by reactor, so that the absorbent slurry mixes equably with solid.
But there is planar defect down in conventional semi formula sulfur method.The end portion that is used for the reactor of conventional method is downward taper, remainder is the cylinder of hollow, although like this because the end portion that is reduced in fast of speed forms eddy current, when gas upwards flows, by the similar laminar flow of the off-gas flows of reactor.As a result, the time that solid stops in reactor is very short, and particularly the top concentration of portion reduces within it, and absorbent and solid are not evenly dispersed in the waste gas.
Adopt conventional semi formula sulfur method, be suspended in solid in the reactor except a part because gravity descends, most ofly discharge reactor from the upper end with waste gas.This has just shortened the time of staying of solid.Particularly off-gas flows is straight up near the reactor axis, has shortened suspended solid in this regional time of staying.
For conventional method,, adopt the nozzle that makes progress that is arranged on the reactor end portion that the absorbent slurry is joined in the reactor in order to flow and stream with waste gas.And absorbent is evenly dispersed in the waste gas is difficult.Because it is particularly off-gas flows is straight up near the reactor axis, short in the time of staying of this zone absorbent.
Adopt conventional method, in the process that absorbent is scattered in the waste gas, solid is by contacting with the absorbent slurry that adds reactor, its surface is wetted, solid is by with absorbent slurry contact and wetted time and single solid different like this, therefore the needs surface of wetting all solids for a long time.The absorbent slurry is with when solid mixes in reactor, and this method is difficult to obtain uniform mixture.
In addition, when in conventional method, adopting the white lime slurry, at first adopt slaking preparation mechanical slurry, by pipeline it is joined in the reactor again as absorbent.Therefore, white lime easily with pipeline in carbon dioxide in air react, generation calcium carbonate when it is deposited on the side opposite, the problem of blocking pipe occurs.Another problem is by pipeline the white lime slurry to be needed a period of time from ripening device used joining the reactor, and the result had reduced the activity of white lime before lime reacts with sour gas in reactor.
An object of the present invention is to improve the absorption efficiency of sour gas, perhaps improve the absorption efficiency of sour gas and obtain higher absorbent utilization ratio by overcoming above-mentioned defective of the prior art.
Another object of the present invention is the problem that solves as the white lime slurry blocking pipe of absorbent, and can make white lime be in activated state and sour gas reaction.
The invention provides the first method that is used for removing sour gas from waste gas, it comprises the absorbent slurry is joined waste gas from the reactor that wherein upwards passes through, so that absorbent absorbs sour gas from waste gas, use the heat dry box slurry in the waste gas simultaneously, from the waste gas of discharging reactor, separate the drying solid that contains product and unreacted absorbent, and with the solid portion that separates be recycled in the reactor, the method is characterized in that the reactor that adopts integral body or major part to be downward taper as said reactor, when waste gas reduces the speed of waste gas during upwards by reactor gradually.
The present invention also provides the first kind of equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas, it comprise one be provided be used for by waste gas in the exhaust gas inlet of lower end with at the vertical reactor of the waste gas outlet of upper end, be used for the absorbent slurry is joined the device of reactor, be used for separating the separator of drying solid and being used for separating solids is partly recirculated to the circulation line of reactor from the waste gas of discharging reactor, this equipment is characterised in that wherein whole the or major part of reactor is downward taper.
The cross section of this reactor is normally circular, but also can be polygonal.
Absorbent can be selected from oxide and hydroxide and alkali-metal oxide, hydroxide and the carbonate of the oxide of calcium for example and hydroxide, magnesium.
The device that is used for the absorbent slurry is joined reactor is the injector that jet blower and booster for example are housed.
The waste gas of discharging reactor contains solid, for example by the product with the chemical reaction of absorbent such as sulfur oxide, unreacted absorbent and flue dust.These solids adopt the heat drying of waste gas and are suspended in the waste gas.Cyclone separator is suitable as the separator that separates these solids from waste gas.
Then, the waste gas that has separated these solids is sent into dust collect plant,, remove dust, soot particle etc. at this as precipitator or bagroom.The gas that purifies enters atmosphere by chimney.
The solid that separates from waste gas by cyclone separator can partly be recycled in the reactor.The amount of solid circle is to join 50 to 100 times of new absorbed dose of radiation in the reactor approximately.Remaining solid is discharged system as accessory substance.
Be used for a certain amount of solid circulation is comprised pipeline or feeding device to the pipeline of reactor, as screw feeder, the perhaps combination of pipeline and feeding device.The solid groove can be set between cyclone separator and circulation line.The solid that circulates is added to the bottom of reactor usually.
Being recycled to amount of solid in the reactor will make the solid that is suspended in the reactor and absorbent mix and be evenly dispersed in the waste gas by off-gas flows.Solid concentration preferably remains on 500～1000g/Nm in reactor
3
First method of the present invention and equipment are characterised in that the top of inside reactor also has higher solid concentration.
Adopt first method of the present invention and equipment, the updraft of waste gas is usually because the described shape of reactor is slack-off along with the rising of off-gas flows in the reactor, off-gas flows forms eddy current on the almost whole length of reactor as a result, and the suspended solid of various size distribution produces the backset bed of a high concentration on the whole length of reactor.Even this just makes the circulation rate of in whole system solid to two individual system unanimities, solid has the longer time of staying and the concentration of Geng Gao in reactor than in conventional barrel reactor, guaranteed that further absorbent and solid evenly disperse in waste gas.
The present invention further provides the second method that is used for removing sour gas, it is characterized in that adopting the baffle plate that is arranged on the reactor inside upper part partly to be detained solid in the reactor from waste gas.
The present invention further provides the second kind of equipment that is used for removing sour gas, it is characterized in that reactor is provided with the baffle plate of the upper lateral part that sets within it from waste gas, be used for the solid portion of reactor be trapped in the reactor.
In the said equipment, baffle plate comprises a plurality of tabular assembly or stick-shaped element that are arranged in parallel at certain intervals.Randomly be that this baffle plate comprises a plurality of loop component that concentric circles is arranged that are at certain intervals.
This baffle plate is horizontally disposed or is the slight inclination state with the top of reactor and is provided with.If pellet module, stick-shaped element or loop component constitute cross section at the low reeded baffle plate of a side,, can more effectively prevent solid discharge reactor as inverted U type or inverted V-type cross section.
Adopt second method of the present invention or equipment, the solid that a part is suspended in the reactor collides the baffle plate that is arranged on the reactor inside upper part, and therefore hinders its upper end outlet from reactor and discharge.This just prolonged solid in reactor the time of staying and improved concentration.
The invention provides the third method that is used for removing sour gas from waste gas, it is characterized in that with the absorbent slurry join downwards in the reactor with the off-gas flows counter current contacting.
The present invention also provides the third equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas, and the device that it is characterized in that adding the absorbent slurry comprises and is arranged on the injector that nozzle is arranged downward in the reactor.
Term " downwards " comprises " being tilted to down " and " straight down ".
The injector of absorbent slurry comprises force (forcing) pump and is used for the air blast and the nozzle of injection air.Nozzle preferably is arranged on the mid portion of reactor inside height.Nozzle almost is to be arranged on vertically downward near the axis of reactor, perhaps can randomly be arranged on the surrounding wall of reactor inboard with the direction under being tilted to.
For the third method and apparatus, the solid that will circulate preferably joins in the reactor in position that off-gas flows and absorbent slurry stream are converged or in the place that is lower than this position slightly.
In the third method of the present invention or equipment, the logistics of absorbent slurry and off-gas flows counter current contacting, near the mixture of result waste gas, absorbent and solid meet forms violent eddy current.Therefore, waste gas carries out activity mutually with absorbent and contacts in reactor, absorbent and solid are evenly dispersed in the waste gas.Since the absorbent slurry with the off-gas flows counter current contacting after in reactor, suspend to rise, near the absorbent of reactor axis stops the time longer than prior art in reactor, the result has guaranteed that whole absorbents have the longer time of staying.
The invention provides the 4th kind of method that is used for removing sour gas, it is characterized in that solid circle and absorbent slurry are mixed in the solid circulation pipeline, and the mixture that generates is joined in the reactor from waste gas.
The present invention further provides the 4th kind of equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas, it is characterized in that circulation line comprises screw feeder at least in part, it has one the absorbent slurry joined pipeline in the screw feeder.
This circulation line includes only screw feeder, perhaps at random comprises screw feeder and pipeline.In the middle of cyclone separator and circulation line, a solid groove can be set.The pipeline that is used for the absorbent slurry is joined screw feeder is preferably than wanting the solid circle import to link to each other with this feeder on more near the position of feed end.Therefore, wish that solids inlet is arranged on the centre position of screw feeder length direction.Want solid circle and absorbent slurry to mix, and usually the mixture that generates is joined the bottom of reactor by in screw feeder, stirring.
In the 4th kind of method of the present invention or equipment, solid that circulate and absorbent slurry mix in circulation line, and the mixture that generates is joined in the reactor, make solid circulation pass through reactor, and its surface is absorbed the agent slurry wets by contact.Because the solid and the absorbent slurry that will circulate are mixed by screw feeder, can obtain the prior art of in reactor, mixing mixture more equably again than wherein solid and slurry.This feature has shortened absorbent equably and the time of the complete wetting surface of solids.
The invention provides the 5th kind of method that is used for removing sour gas from waste gas, it comprises the white lime slurry is joined in the reactor that wherein waste gas upwards passes through, make absorbent from waste gas, absorb sour gas, use the dry white lime slurry of heat in the waste gas simultaneously, from the waste gas of discharging reactor, separate the drying solid that contains product and unreacted absorbent, and with the solid portion that separates turn back in the reactor, the method is characterised in that quick lime and excessive slaking water joins in the solid circulation pipeline or in the coupled slurry feeding tube, generate the slurry of white lime, and the solid of white lime slurry and circulation mixed in circulating line, and the mixture that generates is joined in the reactor.
The present invention also provides the 5th kind of equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas, it comprise one be provided be used for by waste gas in the exhaust gas inlet of lower end with at the vertical reactor of the waste gas outlet of upper end, be used for the white lime slurry is joined the device of reactor, be used for separating the separator of drying solid from the waste gas of discharging reactor, with the solid portion that is used for separating cycle through the circulation line of reactor, this equipment is characterised in that circulation line comprises screw feeder at least in part, and this screw feeder is provided with the pipeline that is used for quick lime and excessive slaking water are joined respectively screw feeder.
The pipeline that is used for quick lime is added screw feeder is more linking to each other with feeder near the position of feeder feed end than the import of wanting solid circle at feeder with the pipeline that is used for water is joined feeder.This part of feeder is as the reinforced pipeline of the slurry that links to each other with circulation line.Therefore, the import of solid circle preferably to be arranged on the centre position of screw feeder length direction.Usually will join the bottom of reactor by the mixture that stirs and be blended in the solid made in the screw feeder and white lime.
In the 5th kind of method and apparatus of the present invention, quick lime and excessive slaking water are joined circulation line or join in the slurry feed pipeline that is attached thereto, produce the slurry of white lime herein.White lime and the solid that will circulate also stir in circulation line and mix and generate mixture, and then it is added in the reactor.This just no longer needs of the prior art being used for the white lime slurry from the ripening device used lengthening pipeline that is transported to reactor.The solid that circulates is by contacting with the white lime slurry, and its surface is wetted, and with this cycle of states in reactor.Solid and slurry are stirred by screw feeder and mix, therefore can be more even than what mix in the reactor of prior art.And the white lime slurry is added into the state of activation after slaking immediately.Therefore shortened the surface of solids has been exposed to the required time of slurry fully equably.
In the of the present invention the 3rd to the 5th kind of method, preferably with off-gas flows is contacted and is cooled to for example about 70～about 250 ℃ temperature with cold water before the absorbent slurry contacts.Similarly, the of the present invention the 3rd to the 5th kind of equipment provides the device of the cold water that is used to spray into cooling exhaust, preferably in off-gas flows and the position below the absorbent slurry meet.Usually the axis of cooling water along reactor upwards added.Under lower reactor operating temperature, obtain higher sour gas absorption efficiency.Mainly be suspended at the absorption reaction between sour gas and the absorbent on the surface of the solid in the reactor and carrying out, and easier generation when the surface of solids is wetting by moisture film.Therefore, by with off-gas flows with contact with cold water before the absorbent slurry contacts and before reaction the wetting surface that is dispersed in the solid in the waste gas can obtain higher sour gas absorption efficiency.
The summary accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of first embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of second embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the horizontal sectional view of reactor included in second embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the local part perspective view in cross section, the baffle plate of the amplification of second embodiment of expression;
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the 3rd embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the horizontal sectional view of the reactor of the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the local part perspective view in cross section, represents the baffle plate of the amplification of the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the flow chart of the 4th embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of the 5th embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Figure 10 is the flow chart of the 6th embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Figure 11 is the flow chart of the 7th embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Figure 12 is the flow chart of the 8th embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Figure 13 is the flow chart of the 9th embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Figure 14 is the flow chart of the tenth embodiment of explanation the present invention;
Figure 15 is the flow chart of the 11 embodiment of explanation the present invention;
The preferred embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.A. first embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, first equipment that the present invention is used for removing from waste gas sour gas comprises vertical reactor 10, in its lower end exhaust gas inlet 2 is arranged, waste gas outlet 3 is arranged in the top, injector 4 is used for the absorbent pulp jets to reactor 10, cyclone separator 5 is used for separating drying solid from the waste gas of discharging reactor 10, and circulation line 6 is recycled to reactor 10 with being used for the solid portion that will separate from cyclone separator 5.
The absorbent slurry is the hydration slurry of white lime.This slurry prepares with water cure quick lime in ripening device used 44.
The screw feeder 61 that solid circulation pipeline 6 includes the import that links to each other with solid groove 20 links to each other with an end and screw feeder 61 outlets and pipeline 62 that the other end links to each other with the bottom of the tapering part 101 of reactor 10.
Adopt described equipment, the waste gas that coal-burning boiler is discharged enters reactor 10 by import 2.Because the tapering part 101 of reactor 10 increases along with it extends upward its sectional area, off-gas flows is along with the rising of air-flow is slack-off gradually in the tapering part 101.Result's off-gas flows in tapering part 101 forms eddy current on its whole length.
The eddy current of off-gas flows will by nozzle 42 join in the reactor 10 the absorbent slurry be recycled to solid in the reactor 10 by circulation line 6, mix as product and unreacted absorbent, thereby absorbent and solid are evenly dispersed in the waste gas.The result is on the almost whole length of reactor 10, and the suspended solid that various particle diameters distribute forms the backset bed of high concentration.When the absorbent slurry was dry by the heat of waste gas, absorption reaction took place with absorbent and is absorbed the agent absorption in sour gas such as the sulfur oxide in the waste gas, hydrogen chloride on the surface of solids, and wherein solid is wetted by being covered by moisture film.
The waste gas of discharging from the outlet 3 of reactor 10 upper ends is admitted to cyclone separator 5, isolates drying solid at this from waste gas, as product, unreacted absorbent and dust.To deliver to electrostatic precipitator 9 by pipeline 21 by the waste gas behind cyclone separator 5 separating solids, remove dust, soot particle etc. at this.With the gas that purifies by smoke stack emission in atmosphere.Discharge system by screw feeder as accessory substance with dust and other materials that dust arrester 9 separates.
About 99% of the solid that will separate by cyclone separator 5 is recycled to reactor 10 by circulation line 6.Remaining amount of solid, promptly about 1% solid is discharged from system as accessory substance by screw feeder 8.B. second embodiment
Referring to Fig. 2, second kind of equipment that the present invention is used for removing from waste gas sour gas comprises vertical reactor 1, in its lower end exhaust gas inlet 2 is arranged, waste gas outlet 3 is arranged in the top, injector 4 is used for the absorbent pulp jets to reactor 1, cyclone separator 5 is used for isolating drying solid from the waste gas of discharging reactor 1, and circulation line 6 is recycled to reactor 1 with being used for the solid portion that will separate by cyclone separator 5.That be arranged on reactor 1 inside upper part is baffle plate 7A, be used for making reactor solid portion be trapped in the reactor.
Referring to Fig. 3 and 4, baffle plate 7A comprises a plurality of steel flute profile pellet modules 71, has inverted U type cross section, and they are arranged in parallel at certain intervals.Baffle plate 71 tilts a little with horizontal direction.
The nozzle 42 of injector 4 on the axis of the reactor 1 of reactor 1 tapering part 11 lower ends straight up.
Adopt the said equipment, the solid that suspends in reactor 1 is owing to partly sedimentation of gravity, and another part solid is trapped in the reactor by baffle plate 7A, and remaining solid is discharged reactor 1 by waste gas outlet 3 with waste gas.
Except above-mentioned feature, second embodiment is identical with first.C. the 3rd embodiment
Fig. 5 to 7 illustrates this embodiment, promptly be used for removing the equipment of sour gas from waste gas, wherein baffle plate 7B is arranged on the inside upper part of reactor 1, and it comprises a plurality of annular metal assemblies 72, and this assembly has inverted V-type cross section and arranges with concentric circles with a determining deviation.Loop component 72 links to each other by connector (not showing).Baffle plate 7B is horizontally disposed with.
The 3rd embodiment is the same with second except above-mentioned feature.D. the 4th embodiment
Referring to Fig. 8, the third equipment that the present invention is used for removing from waste gas sour gas comprises vertical reactor 1, in its lower end exhaust gas inlet 2 is arranged, waste gas outlet 3 is arranged in the top, injector 4 is used for the absorbent pulp jets to reactor 1, cyclone separator 5 is used for separating drying solid from the waste gas of discharging reactor 1, and circulation line 6 is recycled to reactor 1 with being used for the solid portion that will separate by cyclone separator 5.
Also be provided with cooling water injector 13, it comprises the nozzle 131 on the tapering part 11 that is arranged on reactor 1.(operating) water nozzle 131 is positioned on the axis of reactor 1 of reactor tapering part 11 end portions, and direction upwards.
Adopt the said equipment, the waste gas of discharging from coal-burning boiler enters reactor 1 by exhaust gas inlet 2, upwards flows in reactor 1.Off-gas flows contacts and is cooled to about 70 to 250 ℃ temperature with the cooling water that sprays into reactor tapering part 11 from nozzle 131.The wet gas current of waste gas with contain product and unreacted and contact, solid surperficial wetted by the solid that circulation line 6 is recycled to the absorbent in the reactor 1.As a result, from the absorbent slurry of nozzle 42 downward-sloping injections and the off-gas flows bottom counter current contacting in reactor 1 cylindrical portions may 12, the mixture of waste gas, absorbent and solid forms violent eddy current near the position of confluxing.Sour gas such as the contained sulfur oxide of waste gas, hydrogen chloride and absorbent absorb at surface of solids generation absorption reaction and by this absorbent, and said solid is wetting by moisture film basically, and absorbent is by the heat drying of waste gas simultaneously.Because waste gas fully contacts in reactor 1 inside mutually with absorbent, described equipment has higher sour gas absorption efficiency than prior art equipment.Absorbent and solid are evenly dispersed in the waste gas, simultaneously the absorbent slurry with the off-gas flows counter current contacting after be suspended in the reactor 1.This has just prolonged near the time of staying of the absorbent reactor axis, has prolonged the time of whole absorption.Therefore absorbent has the utilization ratio higher than prior art.
The 4th embodiment the same with second except above-mentioned feature.E. the 5th embodiment
This embodiment as described in Figure 9.The equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas shown in Figure 9 has a slurry nozzle 42, it be arranged on the medium position of reactor 1 cylindrical portions may 12 inside height and near reactor 1 axis straight down.
The 5th embodiment is identical with the 4th except above-mentioned feature.F. the 6th embodiment
This embodiment is represented at Figure 10.The equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas shown in Figure 10 is not used in the injector that cooling water is sprayed into the reactor bottom part.
Except these features, the 6th embodiment is identical with the 4th.G. the 7th embodiment
Figure 11 illustrates this embodiment.The equipment that is used for removing from waste gas sour gas shown in Figure 11 is not used in the injector that cooling water is sprayed into the reactor bottom part.
Except above-mentioned feature, the 7th embodiment is identical with the 5th.H. the 8th embodiment
Figure 12 represents this embodiment, promptly is used for removing from waste gas the 4th kind of equipment of sour gas.Referring to Figure 12, this equipment comprises vertical reactor 1, it is provided with exhaust gas inlet 2 in the lower end, be provided with waste gas outlet 3 in the upper end, cyclone separator 5 is used for isolating drying solid from the waste gas that reactor 1 is discharged, and circulation line 6 is recycled to reactor 1 with being used for the solid portion that will separate by cyclone separator 5.
This equipment is provided with cooling water injector 13, and it comprises the nozzle 131 that is arranged on reactor 1 tapering part 11.Nozzle 131 is on the axis of the end portion reactor 1 of reactor tapering part 11, and direction upwards.
The absorbent slurry comprises the hydration slurry of white lime.This slurry is to adopt ripening device used (not shown) to prepare with water cure quick lime, and joins in the screw feeder 61 by pipeline 14 from ripening device used.
Adopt described equipment, the waste gas of discharging from coal-burning boiler enters reactor 1 by exhaust gas inlet 2, and upwards flows in reactor 1.Off-gas flows contacts and is cooled to about 70 to 250 ℃ temperature with the cooling water that sprays into reactor tapering part 11 from nozzle 131.On the other hand, absorbent slurry that adds by pipeline 14 and the solid that will circulate and carry from solid groove 20 mix screw feeder 61, and the surface of nearly all solid is all wetted, and solid and absorbent slurry evenly mix.This mixture enters reactor 1 inside from screw feeder 61 by pipeline 62, and is dispersed in the waste gas.In reactor 1, sour gas such as sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride and absorbent absorb at surface of solids generation absorption reaction and by this absorbent, and said solid is wetting by moisture film basically, simultaneously the heat in the waste gas with absorbent dry and evaporative cooling water.Because almost holosteric surface is by mixing and wetted before reaction with the absorbent slurry in screw feeder 61, the present invention has than the higher feature of prior art sour gas absorption efficiency.
Except having said structure and above-mentioned feature, the present embodiment is identical with second.I. the 9th embodiment
Figure 13 represents this embodiment, promptly is used for removing from waste gas the equipment of sour gas, and this equipment is not used in the injector that cooling water is sprayed into reactor lower part.
In addition, the 9th embodiment is identical with the 8th.J. the tenth embodiment
Figure 14 represents this embodiment, promptly is used for removing from waste gas the 5th equipment of sour gas.Referring to Figure 14, this equipment comprises vertical reactor 1, it has exhaust gas inlet 2 in the lower end, waste gas outlet 3 is arranged in the upper end, cyclone separator 5 is used for separating drying solid from the waste gas that reactor 1 is discharged, and circulation line 6 is recycled to reactor 1 with being used for the solid portion that will separate by cyclone separator 5.
Adopt described equipment, the waste gas of discharging from coal-burning boiler enters reactor 1 by exhaust gas inlet 2, upwards flows in reactor 1.Off-gas flows contacts and is cooled to about 70 to 250 ℃ temperature with the cooling water that sprays into reactor 1 tapering part 11 from nozzle 131.On the other hand, screw feeder 61 slaking reaction taking place from pipeline 15 quick lime that adds and the excessive water that adds from pipeline 16, generates the white lime slurry.In feeder, stir and the mixed slurry and the solid that will circulate and carry from solid groove 20.As a result, the surface of nearly all solid is all wetted, and solid and white lime slurry mix equably.This mixture joins the reactor 1 by pipeline 62 and is dispersed in the waste gas from feeder 61.Sour gas such as sulfur oxide, hydrogen chloride and white lime absorb at surface of solids generation absorption reaction and by white lime, and said solid is wetting by moisture film basically, and the heat in the waste gas is with the dry also evaporative cooling water of white lime simultaneously.Because almost holosteric surface is by mixing and wetted before reaction with the absorbent slurry in screw feeder 61, and because white lime is added in the reactor 1 after lime generates in feeder 61 immediately, the present invention has the feature of the sour gas absorption efficiency higher than prior art.
Except having said structure and feature, the present embodiment is identical with the 8th.I. the 11 embodiment
Figure 15 represents this embodiment, promptly is used for removing from waste gas the equipment of sour gas, and it is not used in the nozzle that cooling water is sprayed into reactor bottom.
In addition, the 11 embodiment is identical with the tenth.
Adopt first method of the present invention and equipment, produce eddy current in waste gas, the suspended solid that the result is distributed by various particle diameters forms the backset bed of high concentration on the whole length of reactor.This just than adopt conventional barrel reactor prolonged solid in reactor the time of staying and improved concentration.Owing to these advantages and because absorbent and solid are dispersed in the waste gas, this method and apparatus has improved the absorption efficiency of sour gas and can utilize absorbent efficiently.
Second method of the present invention and equipment have adopted the baffle plate that is arranged on the reactor inside upper part, be used for making the part solid to rest on reactor, thereby prolonged solid in reactor time and improved the concentration of solid in reactor, the result improved the absorption efficiency of sour gas and improved the utilization ratio of absorbent.
Adopt the third method and apparatus of the present invention, waste gas carries out activity with absorbent and contacts also so and be evenly dispersed in the waste gas in reactor.Since the absorbent slurry in reactor be what suspend to rise after the off-gas flows counter current contacting, near the reactor axis absorbent keeps the time longer than prior art in reactor, guaranteed the prolongation of the whole absorbent time of staying, improve the absorption efficiency of sour gas, improved the utilization ratio of absorbent.
For the 4th kind of method and apparatus, the solid circle of of moistened surface is joined in the reactor, these solids and absorbent slurry mix equably by screw feeder simultaneously, have therefore improved the absorption efficiency of sour gas.
In the 4th kind of method and apparatus, the solid circle of of moistened surface is joined in the reactor, these solids and white lime adopt screw feeder to mix equably, immediately this white lime slurry for preparing by slaking are joined in the reactor.These features have improved the absorption efficiency of sour gas.Because the white lime pipeline extends to reactor and can save the conventional pipeline that uses from ripening device used, this has just been avoided stopping up the problem of solid pipeline.
Claims (2)
1. method that is used for removing sour gas from waste gas, comprise the absorbent slurry is joined waste gas from the reactor that wherein upwards passes through, so that absorbent absorbs sour gas from waste gas, use the heat dry box slurry in the waste gas simultaneously, from the waste gas of discharging reactor, separate the drying solid that contains product and unreacted absorbent, and with the solid portion that separates be recycled in the reactor, the method is characterized in that the mid portion of absorbent slurry at height for reactor sprayed downwards, with the off-gas flows counter current contacting, and the solid that will circulate joins in the reactor in position that off-gas flows and absorbent slurry stream are converged or in the place that is lower than this position slightly.
2. equipment that is used for removing sour gas from waste gas, comprise that is provided with a vertical reactor that is used for by waste gas, it has exhaust gas inlet and in the upper end waste gas outlet is arranged in the lower end, be used for the absorbent slurry is joined the device of reactor, be used for separating the separator and the circulation line that is used for separating solids is partly recirculated to reactor of drying solid from the waste gas of discharging reactor, this equipment is characterised in that absorbent slurry feeding device comprises injector, it has the nozzle that is directed downwards of the mid portion that is arranged on the reactor inside height, and this equipment also comprises circulation line, so that the solid that will circulate joins in the reactor in position that off-gas flows and absorbent slurry stream are converged or in the place that is lower than this position slightly.
Applications Claiming Priority (15)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP27302197A JP3379010B2 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 1997-10-06 | Method and apparatus for removing acid gas from exhaust gas |
| JP273023/1997 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273020/1997 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP9273019A JPH11104440A (en) | 1997-10-06 | 1997-10-06 | Method and apparatus for removing acidic gas in exhaust gas |
| JP273022/1997 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP27302397A JP3395036B2 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 1997-10-06 | Method and apparatus for removing acid gas from exhaust gas |
| JP9273020A JPH11104441A (en) | 1997-10-06 | 1997-10-06 | Method and apparatus for removing acidic gas in exhaust gas |
| JP273022/97 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273021/97 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273021/1997 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273019/97 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273023/97 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273020/97 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP273019/1997 | 1997-10-06 | ||
| JP27302297A JP3395035B2 (en) | 1997-10-06 | 1997-10-06 | Method and apparatus for removing acid gas from exhaust gas |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01141274A Division CN1350880A (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-11 | Method and apparatus for separating acid gases from exhaust gases |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1213582A CN1213582A (en) | 1999-04-14 |
| CN1118315C true CN1118315C (en) | 2003-08-20 |
Family
ID=27530567
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN98109385A Expired - Fee Related CN1118315C (en) | 1997-10-06 | 1998-05-29 | Process and apparatus for removing acid gases from exhaust gases |
| CN01141274A Pending CN1350880A (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-11 | Method and apparatus for separating acid gases from exhaust gases |
Family Applications After (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN01141274A Pending CN1350880A (en) | 1997-10-06 | 2001-10-11 | Method and apparatus for separating acid gases from exhaust gases |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR19990036485A (en) |
| CN (2) | CN1118315C (en) |
| ID (1) | ID20405A (en) |
| TW (1) | TW421607B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101757827B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-12-21 | 南京工业大学 | Gas-solid phase reaction separation system and separation method thereof |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100482818B1 (en) * | 2001-11-15 | 2005-04-14 | 블루버드환경 주식회사 | Gas cleaning system equipped with reactant recycling system to reduce Dioxine |
| KR20080058324A (en) * | 2005-07-08 | 2008-06-25 | 파이어 테크놀로지스, 인크. | Catalytic reactive component reduction system and methods |
| TWI391610B (en) * | 2009-02-27 | 2013-04-01 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Environment & Chemical Engineering Co Ltd | A circulating fluidized bed, an operating system having the circulating fluidized bed, and a driving method of the circulating fluidized bed |
| CN101791516B (en) * | 2010-04-06 | 2012-01-11 | 惠州益伸电子有限公司 | Waste gas central treating system |
| CN110779025A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-11 | 哈尔滨锅炉厂有限责任公司 | Waste incineration exhaust-heat boiler capable of reducing contamination corrosion |
| KR102323494B1 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-11-09 | 정진호 | Apparatus for removing toxic gases and Method for removing toxic gases |
| WO2022119238A1 (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2022-06-09 | 정진호 | Modular harmful gas removal apparatus, and harmful gas removal method |
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| JPS6053209A (en) * | 1983-08-31 | 1985-03-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Screw detachment preventing method |
| CN1131579A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-09-25 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Wet flue-gas desufurization system |
| CN1143535A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-02-26 | 东洋工程株式会社 | Exhaust gas desulfurization process |
| CN1156971A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1997-08-13 | Abb弗拉克特工业有限公司 | Method and device for removing sulphur dioxide from gas |
-
1998
- 1998-04-24 TW TW087106336A patent/TW421607B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-04-30 ID IDP980650A patent/ID20405A/en unknown
- 1998-05-11 KR KR1019980016703A patent/KR19990036485A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1998-05-29 CN CN98109385A patent/CN1118315C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-10-11 CN CN01141274A patent/CN1350880A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6053209A (en) * | 1983-08-31 | 1985-03-26 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Screw detachment preventing method |
| CN1156971A (en) * | 1994-06-23 | 1997-08-13 | Abb弗拉克特工业有限公司 | Method and device for removing sulphur dioxide from gas |
| CN1131579A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-09-25 | 三菱重工业株式会社 | Wet flue-gas desufurization system |
| CN1143535A (en) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-02-26 | 东洋工程株式会社 | Exhaust gas desulfurization process |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101757827B (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2011-12-21 | 南京工业大学 | Gas-solid phase reaction separation system and separation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| TW421607B (en) | 2001-02-11 |
| CN1213582A (en) | 1999-04-14 |
| KR19990036485A (en) | 1999-05-25 |
| ID20405A (en) | 1998-12-10 |
| CN1350880A (en) | 2002-05-29 |
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