CN111830915A - Multi-stage hierarchical automatic cutter selection method and system for numerical control machining system - Google Patents
Multi-stage hierarchical automatic cutter selection method and system for numerical control machining system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012552 review Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 40
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007866 imination reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002648 laminated material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 27
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013439 planning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004801 process automation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/418—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM]
- G05B19/41865—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow
- G05B19/4187—Total factory control, i.e. centrally controlling a plurality of machines, e.g. direct or distributed numerical control [DNC], flexible manufacturing systems [FMS], integrated manufacturing systems [IMS], computer integrated manufacturing [CIM] characterised by job scheduling, process planning, material flow by tool management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention provides a numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic cutter selection method and a system, wherein the method comprises an offline programming stage, an examination and approval review stage, an operation preparation stage and a production operation stage which are sequentially executed; wherein, the off-line programming phase comprises: traversing all holes to be processed of a product to be processed, and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed; selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to each hole to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information; classifying the holes to be machined according to the type information of the cutter, and generating corresponding NC files; packaging the NC file, and counting the cutter type information and the number of holes to be processed contained in each cutter type information to obtain a cutter statistical table; and uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system. The invention can accurately and quickly complete progressive and hierarchical cutter selection operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic manufacturing, in particular to a multi-level hierarchical automatic cutter selection method and system of a numerical control machining system.
Background
A complex numerical control machining system or an intelligent workshop is generally a machining system with a complex planning, execution and management subsystem, which can complete the operations of selecting, ex-warehouse, installing, ordering, warehousing and the like of tools in the manufacturing process so as to improve the operation efficiency and the production efficiency of the complex numerical control system or the manufacturing workshop. However, the complex nc processing system or the intelligent shop has a higher demand for tool management than the existing tool management and central tool management system of the general or simple nc processing system because of the full automation, paperless, and intelligence required for the complex nc processing system or the intelligent shop; meanwhile, special requirements on the operation efficiency, the production efficiency, the accuracy and the safety of a complex numerical control processing system or an intelligent workshop, which are influenced by human participation, are reduced.
Therefore, the complex numerical control processing system or the intelligent workshop comprises a plurality of subsystems, and all the subsystems need to communicate with each other, so that the method of manual participation can not meet the requirements of workload, working efficiency and accuracy. The existing numerical control processing system or intelligent workshop has the difficulties that an off-line programming system, a field execution system, an integrated management system, a numerical control processing system and a tool magazine management system are mutually split, and a large amount of manual intervention is needed among all subsystems to realize the process from a process numerical model to tool selection and then to finally complete hole making.
Therefore, a multi-level automatic tool selection mode which can be oriented to a complex numerical control processing system or an intelligent workshop and serially connects processes, operations and storage is needed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a method and a system for multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection for a numerical control processing system, so as to solve the problems of poor tool selection effect, low automation degree, etc. caused by the fact that the systems in the current tool selection mode are independent from each other and are not suitable for a complex numerical control processing system or an intelligent workshop.
The invention provides a multistage hierarchical automatic cutter selection method of a numerical control machining system, which comprises an off-line programming stage, an examination and approval review stage, an operation preparation stage and a production operation stage which are sequentially executed; wherein, the off-line programming phase comprises: traversing all holes to be processed of a product to be processed, and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed; selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to each hole to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information; classifying the holes to be machined according to the type information of the cutter, and generating corresponding NC files; packaging the NC file, and counting the cutter type information and the number of holes to be processed contained in each cutter type information to obtain a cutter statistical table; uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system; the examination and approval review stage comprises the following steps: downloading a tool statistical table in the ERP system to a central tool magazine management system, and counting the number of required tool types, the residual service life and the tool types with inventory not meeting the machining requirement through the central tool magazine management system; the job preparation phase includes: downloading and analyzing an NC file in the ERP system, replacing a tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool with a unique serial number ID according to the analyzed NC file, and counting a tool order; the production and processing stage comprises: and sequentially carrying out tool taking, mounting and aperture machining from the central tool magazine according to the tool order, and counting the number of sub-procedures for making holes and the number of jumping holes until the holes to be machined corresponding to all NC files are machined.
In addition, the preferable technical proposal is that the method also comprises a processing end stage; wherein, the processing end stage comprises: and updating the service life and the wear state of the cutter according to the number of the sub-procedures for making the hole and the number of the jumping holes, and releasing the order of the cutter.
In addition, the preferable technical scheme is that the formula for updating the service life of the cutter is as follows:
TOOLLIFE＝(Li-R90+m)
wherein TOOLLIFE represents the tool life, LiThe remaining life of the tool is shown, R90 represents the number of sub-procedures for drilling, and m represents the number of jump holes.
In addition, the preferable technical scheme is that the service life of the cutter is expressed digitally.
In addition, the preferred technical solution is to traverse the product to be processedThe process of extracting the attribute information of each hole to be processed includes: traversing all N holes i to be processed from the process digital model by adopting a CAM system; extracting type S of N standard parts of holes i to be machinediLaminated material type LHiAnd lamination thickness information LTi。
In addition, a preferred technical solution is that the process of classifying the holes to be machined according to the tool type information and generating the corresponding NC file includes: dividing N holes to be machined into T types according to the types of the cutters, wherein the same type of the cutter TiComprising QiA hole to be processed; corresponding to the same tool type TiNumber of holes to be processed QiGreater than tool type TiTheoretical life LS ofiGenerating XiAn NC file; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
Xi＝Round(Qi/LSi)+1
wherein Round represents a leftward rounding function, and the number of NC files is
Each NCiThe file contains a type of tool and a unique tool changing instruction for finishing the corresponding hole to be machined.
In addition, a preferable technical solution is that the process of replacing the tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool having a unique number ID and counting tool orders includes: selecting all cutters of the same type from the central tool magazine according to a cutter type matching principle, and forming a first cutter selecting result; selecting the cutters with the residual service lives longer than the number of holes to be machined from the first cutter selecting results according to a cutter service life matching principle, and forming second cutter selecting results; and selecting the cutters which are installed in the local tool magazine from the second cutter selecting result according to the installed cutter optimizing principle, and forming a third cutter selecting result.
In addition, the preferable technical scheme is that when the number of the cutters which are installed in the local tool magazine in the second cutter selection result is zero, the cutters in the third cutter selection result are taken from the central cutter; wherein, local cutter and central cutter all belong to numerical control system of processing.
In addition, the preferable technical scheme is that the processes of taking out the cutters, installing and processing the hole diameters from the central tool magazine in sequence according to the cutter order comprise: installing the tool on a tool apron corresponding to a local tool magazine of the processing machine tool according to a tool apron mapping table in the tool order; replacing a tool changing instruction ID code in the NC file with a tool holder number of a local tool magazine through integrated control software; and writing the length and radius information of the tool in the tool order into a tool edge register of the corresponding tool apron in the numerical control system for tool compensation.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection system for a numerical control machining system, comprising: the off-line programming unit is used for traversing all holes to be processed of the product to be processed and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed; selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to each hole to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information; classifying the holes to be machined according to the type information of the cutter, and generating corresponding NC files; packaging the NC file, and counting the cutter type information and the number of holes to be processed contained in each cutter type information to obtain a cutter statistical table; uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system; the system comprises an approval rechecking unit, a central tool magazine management system and a tool type checking unit, wherein the approval rechecking unit is used for downloading a tool statistical table in the ERP system to the central tool magazine management system, and counting the number of required tool types, the residual service life and the tool types which can not meet the machining requirement in inventory through the central tool magazine management system; the operation preparation unit is used for downloading and analyzing an NC file in the ERP system, replacing a tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool with a unique serial number ID according to the analyzed NC file, and counting a tool order; and the production processing unit is used for sequentially carrying out tool taking, mounting and aperture processing from the central tool magazine according to the tool order, and counting the number of sub-procedures for hole making and the information of the number of hole jumping until the processing of the holes to be processed corresponding to all NC files is finished.
The multi-level hierarchical automatic cutter selection method and the system of the numerical control machining system can be suitable for a complex numerical control machining system or an intelligent manufacturing workshop with a central tool magazine and local tool magazines, progressive and hierarchical cutter selection is completed by sequentially transmitting and streaming digital quantity information in multiple systems, automation, paperless and intelligentization of a drilling process are realized, the management habit and the process flow of a manufacturing enterprise are deeply conformed, the requirements of managers, process workers, operators, warehouse managers and credit managers on cutter matching, use and management in the whole product machining process at different visual angles are met, and the operation efficiency and the production efficiency of the whole machining system or the workshop are improved.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention comprise the features hereinafter fully described. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Further, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for multi-level hierarchical automatic blade selection for a numerical control machining system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a logic block diagram of a multi-level hierarchical automatic blade selection method of a numerical control machining system according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of two-layer laminated hole making of the integrated tool for drilling and reaming according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an example of a central tool magazine tool inventory analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tool-holder mapping table according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a tool-tool seat correspondence relationship between the number of tools in the installed local magazine that is greater than the number of tools in the newly selected local magazine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the tool-tool seat correspondence relationship for the number of tools in the installed partial tool magazine being less than or equal to the number of tools in the newly selected partial tool magazine according to the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a partial tool magazine structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of an actual tool magazine of the central tool magazine management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals include: the automatic tool changing device comprises an automatic tool changing manipulator 1, a tool apron position detection device 2 and a chain type tool magazine 3.
The same reference numbers in all figures indicate similar or corresponding features or functions.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to facilitate describing one or more embodiments.
In order to describe the method and system for multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection of the numerical control machining system in detail, the following describes in detail a specific embodiment of the invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 and 2 respectively show a flow chart and a logic diagram of a numerical control machining system multi-level hierarchical automatic cutter selection method according to an embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the method for automatically selecting a cutter in a multi-level hierarchical manner for a numerical control machining system according to an embodiment of the present invention includes an offline programming stage, an examination and approval review stage, an operation preparation stage, a production operation stage, and a machining end stage, which are sequentially performed.
Wherein the offline programming phase further comprises:
s110: and traversing all holes to be processed of the product to be processed, and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed.
S111: and selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to the holes to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information.
S112: and classifying the holes to be machined according to the type information of the cutter, and generating corresponding NC files.
S113: and packaging the NC file, and counting the tool type information and the number of holes to be machined contained in each tool type information to obtain a tool statistical table.
S114: and uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) system.
In this stage, all the N holes i to be processed may be traversed from the process model by offline programming software (e.g., CAM, Computer Aided Manufacturing), and the attribute information of the N holes i to be processed is extracted from the process model, where the attribute information includes the standard part type SiLaminated material type LHiAnd lamination thickness information LTi(ii) a Then, for each hole to be machined, a corresponding tool type T is selected from a preset process database TOOLTABLEiThe knife selection logic formula is as follows:
Ti＝TOOLTABLE(standard＝Si，laminate＝LTi，TL≥(∑LHi+L1))
wherein, TOOLTABLE () represents property type selection logic, i represents the hole to be processed, TL is the length of the cutting edge, L1Represents the length of the drilling process, SIG LHiIndicating the sum of the stack thicknesses, e.g. when the stack to be apertured comprises two layers, i.e. a top layer material and a bottom layer material, the corresponding stack thickness also comprises a top layer thickness LHTiAnd underlayer thickness LHDiAs shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of two-layer lamination hole making of the integrated drilling and reaming cutter is shown, the integrated drilling and reaming cutter is fixed on a cutter handle base, a to-be-made hole lamination where a to-be-machined hole is located comprises a top layer material and a bottom layer material, and the type of the cutter to be selected can be determined according to the type of a standard component, the type of the lamination material and the thickness of the lamination.
Further, the process of classifying the holes to be machined according to the tool type information and generating corresponding NC files comprises the following steps: assuming that T types of cutters are selected after traversal, dividing all N holes to be machined into T types according to the T types of cutters, and enabling each cutter type T to beiComprising QiA hole to be processed; corresponding to the same tool type TiNumber of holes to be processed QiGreater than tool type TiTheoretical life LS ofiGenerating XiAn NC file; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
Xi＝Round(Qi/LSi)+1
wherein Round () represents a left rounding function, and the number of NC files is
Each NCiThe document containing a type of tool Ti(or tool type T)i) And completing a unique tool change command corresponding to the hole to be machined, the tool change command being of tool type TiInstead.
In addition, it should be noted that, in this phase, the offline programming software automatically completes the packaging of all NC files, T tool types and T tool types for each tool typeiComprising QiAnd counting the number of the holes to be processed to form a tool statistical table, and uploading the packaged NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system.
Wherein, the examination and approval review stage comprises:
s120: and downloading a tool statistical table in the ERP system to a central tool magazine management system, and counting the number of required tool types, the residual service life and the tool types which can not meet the machining requirement in inventory through the central tool magazine management system.
In this stage, the auditor downloads the tool statistics table to the central tool magazine management system, which automatically parses the tool statistics table and checks each of the T tool types in the existing central tool magazineiNumber of tools M and remaining tool life LiMeanwhile, the types of all the cutters of which the stock does not meet the machining requirements are counted, so that the cutters can be purchased and stored in time, and preparation is made for a production machining stage; the tool query logic formula is as follows:
ID＝TOOL(tooltype＝Ti，toollife>＝Li，ispreSelect＝1)
the method can use the TOOL to the maximum extent, ensures that a plurality of NC files can use the same true TOOL, and avoids purchasing waste.
FIG. 4 illustrates an example inventory analysis of a central tool magazine according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, in this embodiment, a certain tool requirement table or tool requirement analysis table contains {001, 002, 003, 004} four tool types, tool IDs of each tool type, required number, and corresponding drilling NC files, and analysis results; the tool requirement analysis table is determined through a tool statistical table and a tool library storage table of the central tool library. For example, the types of the tools {001, 002, 003, …, 00N }, the number of the tools corresponding to {2, 2, 1, }, and the remaining life corresponding to {100, 50, 85, 100, 60, … } included in the tool magazine are obtained by the above-mentioned inspection method, and finally, a tool requirement analysis table is obtained, the types of the missing tools {003, 004} are given in the table, and the missing numbers are {1, 1}, respectively.
Wherein, the operation preparation stage comprises:
s130: and downloading and analyzing an NC file in the ERP system, replacing a tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool with a unique serial number ID according to the analyzed NC file, and counting the order of the tool.
At this stage, using job planning software (e.g., Manufacturing Execution System (MES)), an NC file package is downloaded from the ERP system, inventory information of the central tool magazine and in-magazine tool information of the local tool magazine are automatically parsed and read, and the NC is executediThe tool changing instruction code in the file is replaced by a tool which has a unique serial number ID and is really present, and the specific tool selecting principle is as follows:
1. and selecting all the tools of the same type from the central tool magazine according to a tool type matching principle, and forming a first tool selection result.
Specifically, each hole NCiFile use tool type TiThe same type of real knife must be selected from the central tool magazine systemObtaining a first tool selection result AiThe knife selection logic is as follows:
Ai(ID，TOOLLIFE，ISPRESELECT)＝TOOL(tooltype＝Ti，isused＝0)
the ID is the unique ID number of the real tool in the central tool magazine, the TOOLLIFE is the remaining life of the tool in the central tool magazine, ISPRESELECT is whether the tool has been selected or mounted in the local tool magazine, the used value 0 indicates that the tool is not frozen, that is, the tool is not selected by another tool order, and the used value 1 indicates that the tool has been selected by another tool order.
2. And selecting the cutters with the cutter residual life longer than the number of holes to be machined from the first cutter selecting results according to a cutter life matching principle, and forming second cutter selecting results.
Specifically, each hole making file contains QiA hole to be processed from the first tool selection result AiThe residual life Li of the selected real cutter is larger than the number Q of holes to be processed in the hole making fileiAnd the service lives of the cutters are sequenced from small to large, so that the minimum residual service life of the selected cutters is ensured, the utilization rate of the cutters is improved, and a second cutter selecting result B is obtainediThe specific knife selection logic is as follows:
Bi(ID，ISPRESELECT)＝TOOL(Ai，TOOLLIFE>Qi)
wherein ID is the unique ID number of the real tool in the central tool library, TOOLLIFE is the residual service life of the tool in the central tool library, and QiIndicating the number of holes to be machined, ISPRESELECT is whether a tool has been selected or mounted to the local magazine.
3. And selecting the cutters which are installed in the local tool magazine from the second cutter selecting result according to the installed cutter optimizing principle, and forming a third cutter selecting result.
Specifically, the storage positions of the real-existing cutters include: the central tool magazine ISPRESELECT and the machine tool partial tool magazine ISPRESELECT are 0 and 1, and the second tool selection result B is preferentially selectediThe cutter already installed in the local tool magazine is selected to reduce the workload of replacing the local tool magazine, shorten the production preparation time and obtain the final third cutter selection result CiThe specific knife selection logic is as followsShown in the figure:
Ci(ID)＝TOOL(Bi，ISPRESELECT＝1)
wherein ispeselect ═ 0 indicates that the TOOL has not been selected, ispeselect ═ 1 indicates that the TOOL has been selected, and TOOL () indicates a solid TOOL query logical expression.
Specifically, when the number of the tools which are installed in the local tool magazine in the second tool selection result is zero, the tools in the third tool selection result are called from the central tool; wherein, the local cutter and the central cutter both belong to a numerical control processing system; in other words, if the third tool selection result CiIf the number of qualified tools is 0, the tool is selected from the central tool magazine, that is, the tool selection logic ISPRESELECT is 0, and the tool selection result C is obtainediThe first ID number is the drilling file NCiAnd (4) selecting the cutter. Traversing all NC files, generating tool orders { O1, O2, …, On } of n local tool libraries, including a tool-tool apron mapping table shown in FIG. 5, sending the tool-tool apron mapping table to a central tool library management system, forming a contract with the central tool library, and freezing a selected tool in the tool orders to prevent other orders from repeating tools.
The tool orders are divided into two conditions, and if the number of tools installed in the local tool magazine order E is larger than the number of tools of the newly selected local tool magazine order D, the situation of tool occupation will occur.
As shown in fig. 6, the tool-tool seat correspondence relationship indicates that the number of the installed local tool magazine tools is greater than the number of the newly selected local tool magazine tools, and the installed local tool magazine order E has 7 tools: a. b, c, D, e, f, g, and newly select local tool order D for a total of 5 tools: x, a, y, b, z, first, the same seat position of the tool ID in the order is reserved D, E: a. and b, sequentially replacing the different tool IDs in the two orders, namely replacing c with x, replacing d with y, replacing e with z, and reserving the positions of the tools on the tool apron F and the tool apron g to generate a new tool order F.
Otherwise, if the number of the tools installed in the local tool magazine order E is less than or equal to the number of the tools in the newly selected local tool magazine order D, an empty tool holder needs to be installed, as shown in fig. 7, where the number of the installed local tool magazine tools is less than or equal to the new selected local tool magazine tool number, i.e., the tool-tool holder correspondence relationship. The installed partial tool magazine order E has 5 tools in total: a. b, c, D and e, and selecting 7 local tool orders D, wherein the tools x, a, y, b, z, D and F are selected newly, firstly, the positions of the tool seats with the same tool ID in the orders are reserved D, E, and then, the replacement of different tool IDs is completed in sequence to generate a new tool order F.
Wherein, the production and processing stage comprises:
s140: and sequentially carrying out tool taking, mounting and aperture machining from the central tool magazine according to the tool order, and counting the number of sub-procedures for making holes and the number of jumping holes until the holes to be machined corresponding to all NC files are machined.
In the stage, the tool is installed on a tool apron corresponding to a local tool magazine of the processing machine tool according to a tool apron mapping table in the tool order; replacing a tool changing instruction ID code in the NC file with a tool holder number of a local tool magazine through integrated control software; and writing the length and radius information of the tool in the tool order into a tool edge register of the corresponding tool apron in the numerical control system for tool compensation.
Specifically, the tools are sequentially taken out from the central tool magazine according to a tool order { O1, O2, …, On }, and then the tools are installed On corresponding tool seats of a local tool magazine of the machine tool according to a tool-tool seat mapping table (as shown in a local tool magazine structure of fig. 8), wherein the local tool magazine structure comprises an automatic tool changing manipulator 1, a tool seat position detection device 2 and a chain type tool magazine 3, and an NC (numerical control) is integrated with control softwareiAnd replacing the ID code of the tool changing instruction in the file with the tool seat number of the local tool magazine, accessing the central tool magazine, writing the information of the length, the radius and the like of the tool into a tool edge register of a corresponding tool seat in the bottom numerical control system, and compensating the tool.
In addition, when the tool is delivered from the magazine, the tool already installed in the local magazine does not need to be delivered and installed repeatedly, as shown in the actual delivery magazine of the central magazine management system of fig. 9, in this example, the order E of the installed local magazine has 7 tools: a. b, c, D, e, f, g, and newly select local tool order D for a total of 5 tools: x, a, y, b and z, removing the tools installed in the local tool magazine, and only needing to take three tools out of the tool magazine, install the tools and write tool parameters.
In one embodiment of the invention, the numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic cutter selection method further comprises a machining end stage; wherein, the processing end stage comprises: and updating the service life and the wear state of the cutter according to the number of the sub-procedures of hole making and the number of hole jumping counted in the production and processing stage, and removing the cutter order.
Specifically, after the processing task is finished, a record hole making file NC is defined in the numerical control system through the depth development of the bottom numerical control systemiAccumulating the number of the sub-programs R90 for drilling, and executing the drilling file NCiAfter the tool changing instruction is received, the accumulated number of hole making subprograms R90 is equal to 0, then each time the hole making subprogram is received, R90 is automatically added by 1, the numerical control system is used for recording the hole jumping number m caused by a machine tool spindle or a workpiece, and a file NC to be made with holes is recordediAfter hole making is finished, uploading the accumulated number of the drilling subprograms R90 and the number of hole jumping m to operation planning software, recording the wear state and the residual life of the used tool, after all hole making NC files are processed, reversely inquiring the tool ID through a tool-tool apron mapping table, accessing and updating the residual life L of the tool in a central tool library database according to the tool IDiThen, tool orders { O1, O2, …, On } of all local tool magazines are released, and tools can be used for reuse after being released to prepare for next production; wherein, the life updating logic is as follows:
TOOLTABLE＝UPDATE(TOOLLIFE＝(Li-R90+m)，ID)
wherein UPDATE () represents tool life for the tool life UPDATE logic function TOOLLIFE, LiThe remaining life of the tool is shown, R90 represents the number of sub-procedures for drilling, and m represents the number of jump holes.
In addition, in the production and processing stage, the cutter processing state curve can be constantly monitored through the cutter monitoring system, once the cutter is broken or the cutter service life is reached, the cutter service life is updated, the cutter order is released, and the steps are executed again until all the holes to be processed are processed.
In the numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection, the service life of the tool can be represented digitally, and the method is not limited to a hole making machine tool and can be applied to all machining systems with the service lives of the tools capable of being digitized.
Corresponding to the multi-level hierarchical automatic cutter selecting method of the numerical control machining system, the invention also provides a multi-level hierarchical automatic cutter selecting system of the numerical control machining system.
As shown in the figure, the numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic cutter selection system comprises:
the off-line programming unit is used for traversing all holes to be processed of the product to be processed and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed; selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to each hole to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information; classifying the holes to be machined according to the type information of the cutter, and generating corresponding NC files; packaging the NC file, and counting the cutter type information and the number of holes to be processed contained in each cutter type information to obtain a cutter statistical table; uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system;
the system comprises an approval rechecking unit, a central tool magazine management system and a tool type checking unit, wherein the approval rechecking unit is used for downloading a tool statistical table in the ERP system to the central tool magazine management system, and counting the number of required tool types, the residual service life and the tool types which can not meet the machining requirement in inventory through the central tool magazine management system;
the operation preparation unit is used for downloading and analyzing an NC file in the ERP system, replacing a tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool with a unique serial number ID according to the analyzed NC file, and counting a tool order;
and the production processing unit is used for sequentially carrying out tool taking, mounting and aperture processing from the central tool magazine according to the tool order, and counting the number of sub-procedures for hole making and the information of the number of hole jumping until the processing of the holes to be processed corresponding to all NC files is finished.
Specifically, the system embodiment may refer to the expression in the embodiment of the multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection system of the numerical control processing system, and details are not repeated here.
By utilizing the multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection method and the system of the numerical control processing system, a complex numerical control processing system or an intelligent manufacturing workshop capable of expressing and transmitting digital quantity is utilized, and progressive and hierarchical tool selection is completed through sequential transmission and flow of digital quantity information in a CAM system, an ERP system, an MES system, a tool magazine management system, integrated control software (system) and the numerical control system, so that not only is the whole process automation, paperless and intelligentization realized, but also the management habits and process flows of manufacturing enterprises are deeply conformed, the requirements of managers, process personnel, operators, warehouse management personnel and credit management personnel on tool matching, use and management in the whole product processing process under different visual angles are met, and the running efficiency and the production efficiency of the whole processing system or the workshop are further improved.
The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic cutter selection method and system according to the invention are described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic cutter selecting method and system provided by the invention without departing from the invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A numerical control machining system multilevel hierarchical automatic cutter selection method is characterized by comprising an off-line programming stage, an examination and approval review stage, an operation preparation stage and a production operation stage which are sequentially executed; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the offline programming phase comprises:
traversing all holes to be processed of a product to be processed, and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed;
selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to the holes to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information;
classifying the holes to be machined according to the cutter type information, and generating corresponding NC files;
packaging the NC file, and counting the cutter type information and the number of holes to be processed contained in each cutter type information to obtain a cutter statistical table;
uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system;
the examination and approval review stage comprises the following steps:
downloading a tool statistical table in the ERP system to a central tool magazine management system, and counting the number of required tool types, the residual service life and the tool types with inventory not meeting the machining requirement through the central tool magazine management system;
the job preparation phase comprises:
downloading and analyzing an NC file in the ERP system, replacing a tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool with a unique serial number ID according to the analyzed NC file, and counting a tool order;
the production and processing stage comprises:
and sequentially carrying out tool taking, mounting and aperture machining from a central tool magazine according to the tool order, and counting the number of sub-procedures for making holes and the number of jumping holes until the holes to be machined corresponding to all NC files are machined.
2. The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection method according to claim 1, further comprising a machining end stage; wherein the finishing stage comprises:
and updating the service life and the wear state of the cutter according to the number of the sub-procedures for drilling and the number of the jumping holes, and releasing the order of the cutter.
3. The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection method according to claim 2, characterized in that the formula for updating the tool life is as follows:
TOOLLIFE＝(Li-R90+m)
wherein TOOLLIFE represents the tool life, LiIndicating the remaining life of the tool, R90 indicating the number of drilling sub-procedures entered, and m indicating the number of jump holes.
4. The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection method according to claim 2,
the service life of the cutter is represented digitally.
5. The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection method according to claim 1, wherein the process of traversing all holes to be machined of a product to be machined and extracting attribute information of each hole to be machined comprises:
traversing all N holes i to be processed from the process digital model by adopting a CAM system;
extracting the type S of the standard component of the N holes i to be processediLaminated material type LHiAnd lamination thickness information LTi。
6. The method for multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection of a numerical control machining system according to claim 1, wherein the process of classifying the holes to be machined according to the tool type information and generating the corresponding NC file comprises:
dividing the N holes to be machined into T types according to the types of the cutters, wherein the same type of cutter TiComprising QiA hole to be processed;
corresponding to the same tool type TiNumber of holes to be processed QiGreater than tool type TiTheoretical life LS ofiGenerating XiAn NC file; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
Xi＝Round(Qi/LSi)+1
wherein Round represents a leftward rounding function, and the number of NC files is
Each NCiThe file contains a type of tool and a unique tool changing instruction for finishing the corresponding hole to be machined.
7. The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection method according to claim 6, wherein the process of replacing the tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool having a unique number ID and counting tool orders comprises:
selecting all cutters of the same type from the central tool magazine according to a cutter type matching principle, and forming a first cutter selecting result;
selecting the cutters with the residual service lives longer than the number of the holes to be machined from the first cutter selecting results according to a cutter service life matching principle, and forming second cutter selecting results;
and selecting the cutters which are installed in the local tool magazine from the second cutter selecting result according to the installed cutter optimization principle, and forming a third cutter selecting result.
8. The numerical control machining system multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection method according to claim 7,
when the number of the tools which are installed in the local tool magazine in the second tool selection result is zero, the tools in the third tool selection result are called from the central tool; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the local cutter and the central cutter both belong to a numerical control machining system.
9. The method for multi-level hierarchical automatic tool selection of a numerical control machining system according to claim 1, wherein the processes of tool picking, mounting and aperture machining from a central tool magazine in sequence according to the tool order comprise:
installing the tool on a tool apron corresponding to a local tool magazine of a processing machine tool according to a tool apron mapping table in the tool order;
replacing a tool changing instruction ID code in an NC file with a tool holder number of the local tool magazine through integrated control software; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
and writing the length and radius information of the cutter in the cutter order into a cutter edge register of a corresponding cutter holder in the numerical control system for cutter compensation.
10. The utility model provides a multistage hierarchical automatic tool selection system of numerical control machining system which characterized in that includes:
the off-line programming unit is used for traversing all holes to be processed of the product to be processed and extracting attribute information of each hole to be processed; selecting cutter type information respectively corresponding to the holes to be machined from a tool table of a preset database based on the attribute information; classifying the holes to be machined according to the cutter type information and generating corresponding NC files; packaging the NC file, and counting the cutter type information and the number of holes to be processed contained in each cutter type information to obtain a cutter statistical table; uploading the NC file and the tool statistical table to an ERP system;
the examination and approval reexamination unit is used for downloading the tool statistical table in the ERP system to a central tool magazine management system, and counting the number of the required tool types, the residual service life and the tool types of which the stock does not meet the machining requirement through the central tool magazine management system;
the operation preparation unit is used for downloading and analyzing the NC file in the ERP system, replacing the tool changing instruction code in the NC file with a tool with a unique serial number ID according to the analyzed NC file, and counting a tool order;
and the production processing unit is used for sequentially carrying out tool taking, mounting and aperture processing from the central tool magazine according to the tool order, and counting the number of sub-procedures for hole making and the information of the number of jumping holes until the processing of the holes to be processed corresponding to all NC files is finished.
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