CN111830578A - Electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipeline - Google Patents
Electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
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Abstract
The invention relates to an electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines, which comprises the following steps: s1, arranging a launching probe in a drill hole to form an electromagnetic field underground; s2, arranging a receiving probe in the other drill hole, collecting residual electromagnetic wave information, and performing data processing; and S3, obtaining the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area according to the data processing, and deducing the position of the underground pipeline according to the spatial distribution form. The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting the underground pipeline can be used for quickly and accurately positioning the underground pipeline.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline detection, in particular to an electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines.
Background
The underground pipeline network is an indispensable important infrastructure in city operation and development, and underground pipelines not only provide important living goods and materials for residents in cities, but also bear the responsibility of providing basic resources and energy for city development. The perfect and developed underground pipeline system and the safe and stable operation thereof are the guarantee and the foundation of the operation of the modern city. However, the laying of some underground pipelines is long, the daily management and maintenance are lacked, and the pipeline data is seriously lost. In urban construction or construction process, due to the lack of real-time pipeline diagrams of underground pipelines in a construction area and the absence of a rapid and accurate pipeline detection means, real-time underground pipeline distribution conditions cannot be obtained, so that the pipelines cannot be effectively avoided in the construction process, further the pipelines are damaged, and even a series of accidents are caused.
The detection of pipelines in the prior art is mostly on the other side of the ground of the geological radar, the detection of the depth and the position of the underground pipelines is not accurate enough, and even the pipelines with large burial depth can not be detected at all. The existing pipeline instrument for drilling detection is mostly single-hole detection, can only detect the depth of a pipeline and cannot accurately position the pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a quick and accurate electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting an underground pipeline, comprising:
s1, arranging a launching probe in a drill hole to form an electromagnetic field underground;
s2, arranging a receiving probe in the other drill hole, collecting residual electromagnetic wave information, and performing data processing;
and S3, obtaining the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area according to the data processing, and deducing the position of the underground pipeline according to the spatial distribution form.
According to one aspect of the invention, the strength of the electromagnetic wave electric field at the transmitting probe end is E0, and the strength of the electromagnetic wave electric field at the receiving probe end is E, which satisfy the following conditions:
wherein β represents an absorption coefficient of the medium for the electromagnetic wave; r represents the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point; f (θ) represents an antenna directivity factor; theta represents the angle between the antenna and the direction of the electric field at the receiving point.
According to one aspect of the invention, the absorption coefficient β of the medium for electromagnetic waves satisfies:
where ω represents the antenna frequency; μ represents the relative permeability of the medium; σ represents the conductivity of the medium; which represents the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
According to one aspect of the invention, the data processing in step S2 includes preprocessing the data: and eliminating mutation points of the acquired data, comparing the data change trend before and after the suspicious data, and smoothing by combining the data of adjacent measuring points and the lithology of the stratum.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the data processing in step S2 is specifically performed by:
extracting an optimal frequency curve by utilizing the collected data receipt frequency curve, and establishing a data file of corresponding frequency;
finding out abnormal distribution rule from the frequency curve, and optimizing the optimal frequency curve to eliminate individual distortion points.
According to an aspect of the invention, step S3 includes:
the data processing calculates the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient beta of each grid in the section of the drill hole through inversion, and reconstructs an image of the absorption coefficient beta according to the acquired data;
and finding out the abnormal part with high absorption coefficient in the image as the position of the underground pipeline.
According to one aspect of the invention, the reconstruction of the absorption coefficient beta image is performed using the SIRT method.
The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines of the invention is based on the difference of different lithologic electromagnetic wave absorption coefficients in the stratum, and transmits electromagnetic waves through the transmitting probe arranged in a drill hole, thereby forming an electromagnetic field underground. Electromagnetic waves propagate in the stratum and are reflected, refracted and scattered when encountering different geological bodies, so that the distribution of the electromagnetic field is changed. And collecting residual electromagnetic wave information through a receiving probe arranged in another drill hole, and after data processing, obtaining the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area so as to deduce the position of the underground pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of an underground utility precision surveying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically shows a borehole gridding schematic;
fig. 3 schematically shows a diagram of the absorption coefficient.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the associated drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description only, and does not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, the above-described terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides an electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting an underground pipeline, including S1, installing a launching probe in a borehole, and forming an electromagnetic field in the ground; s2, arranging a receiving probe in the other drill hole, collecting residual electromagnetic wave information, and performing data processing; and S3, obtaining the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area according to the data processing, and deducing the position of the underground pipeline according to the spatial distribution form.
The electromagnetic wave CT for accurately detecting the underground pipeline is based on an accurate detection device for the underground pipeline, the device comprises a winch 1 and a data collector 2 arranged on the winch 1, and a first cable 21 and a second cable 22 are respectively connected to two ends of the data collector 2. The other end of the first cable 21 is connected with a transmitting probe 3 for placing in any underground borehole, and the other end of the second cable 22 is connected with a receiving probe 4 for placing in other underground boreholes. The transmitting probe 3 is provided with a half-wave dipole antenna, and the receiving probe 4 is provided with a whip antenna.
The principle of the electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines of the invention is that based on the difference of different lithologic electromagnetic wave absorption coefficients in the stratum, the electromagnetic wave is transmitted through the transmitting probe 3 arranged in a drill hole, thereby forming an electromagnetic field underground. Electromagnetic waves propagate in the stratum and are reflected, refracted and scattered when encountering different geological bodies, so that the distribution of the electromagnetic field is changed. And then residual electromagnetic wave information is collected through a receiving probe 4 arranged in another drill hole, and after data processing, the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of a detection area is obtained, so that the parameters of the abnormal body such as physical property, occurrence and the like are inferred.
Specifically, assuming that the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the transmitting probe 3 is E0 and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the receiving probe 4 is E, the following requirements are satisfied:
in the above formula, β represents an absorption coefficient of the medium for the electromagnetic wave; r represents the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point; f (θ) represents an antenna directivity factor; theta represents the angle between the antenna and the direction of the electric field at the receiving point, and e is a constant.
And the absorption coefficient beta of the medium to the electromagnetic wave satisfies the following conditions:
where ω represents the antenna frequency; μ represents the relative permeability of the medium; σ represents the conductivity of the medium; which represents the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
From the above equation, when ω and μ are constant, the absorption coefficient β of the medium for electromagnetic waves is mainly related to σ. Whereas a larger σ means a better conductivity of the medium and a faster field strength decay. In actual work, the resistivity difference exists between the surrounding rock and the geological abnormal body (no matter high absorption or low absorption), the electromagnetic wave generates reflection, refraction and scattering effects at the interface of the surrounding rock and the abnormal body, and the high absorption abnormality is judged when the field intensity of the electromagnetic wave received by the receiving antenna is reduced and the abnormality occurs.
The underground pipeline accurate positioning device has a frequency sweeping function and can measure data of multiple frequencies at one time. Generally, 4MHz, 8MHz and 16MHz sweep frequency measurement is selected. The measurement method adopts the combination of synchronization and fixed point, after synchronous scanning, fixed point accurate measurement is carried out, the distance between the transmitting points is 1m, the distance between the measuring points is 0.2m, the smaller the distance between the receiving points is, the higher the detection resolution is, the mode of exchanging measurement is adopted, the non-measuring blind area is ensured, and the data information is reliable and reliable. The length of the transmitting antenna and the length of the receiving antenna are both 1 m.
Referring to fig. 1, the underground pipeline of the present invention is precisely positioned, electromagnetic wave electric field intensity data of the whole section is collected by moving the probe up and down, the measured data is stored in the ground data collector 2, and then the data is guided into a computer for data processing and inversion.
The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preprocessing data, namely eliminating mutation points of the acquired data, comparing the change trend of the data before and after suspicious data, and smoothing by combining data of adjacent measuring points, stratum lithology and the like. The preprocessing aims at screening credible data, and the specific method comprises the steps of drawing a frequency curve by utilizing the collected data, extracting an optimal frequency curve and establishing a data file with corresponding frequency. Then finding out abnormal distribution rule from the frequency curve, and optimizing the optimal frequency curve to eliminate individual distortion point.
With reference to fig. 2, the data processing of the present invention calculates the absorption coefficient β of each mesh in the cross-section by inversion, and reconstructs an image of the absorption coefficient β from the acquired data. At present, Algebraic Reconstruction Technology (ART), combined iterative reconstruction technology (SIRT), damped least square method (LSQR) and the like are applied to more methods. The SIRT method is based on an improvement of the ART method, both of which are solutions to a system of linear algebraic equations. In the calculation process of the ART method, the distribution of projection data and the updating of grid unit functions are carried out simultaneously, while the SIRT method firstly distributes the projection data, and then updates the image functions in the units after all grid units are distributed to the data. Compared with the ART method, the SIRT method can better weaken or even eliminate noise, enhance the smoothness degree of the data grid and the integrity of the data, and simultaneously has better iterative convergence and faster convergence speed.
In the SIRT method electromagnetic wave CT image reconstruction, a detection area is gridded (figure 2), and the medium in all grids is assumed to be uniform, and the absorption coefficients are consistent. As can be seen from fig. 2, the length of the ith ray (the path from transmission to reception) is the total distance of all grids passed by the ray, and can be expressed as:
substituting into a formula:
in the formula, k is iteration times;
the absorption coefficient of the kth iteration of the jth grid; wjIs the total number of rays passing through the jth grid;
the field strength after the kth iteration for the ith ray. Finally, the absorption coefficient beta of each grid is iterated, and the data is gridded into a section view by using software, as shown in fig. 3, wherein a high absorption anomaly, for example, higher than 12.5, is the position of the underground pipeline.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines comprises the following steps:
s1, arranging a launching probe in a drill hole to form an electromagnetic field underground;
s2, arranging a receiving probe in the other drill hole, collecting residual electromagnetic wave information, and performing data processing;
and S3, obtaining the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area according to the data processing, and deducing the position of the underground pipeline according to the spatial distribution form.
2. The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines according to claim 1, wherein the intensity of the electromagnetic wave electric field at the transmitting probe end is E0, and the intensity of the electromagnetic wave electric field at the receiving probe end is E, which satisfy the following conditions:
wherein β represents an absorption coefficient of the medium for the electromagnetic wave; r represents the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point; f (θ) represents an antenna directivity factor; theta represents the angle between the antenna and the direction of the electric field at the receiving point.
3. The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines according to claim 2, wherein the absorption coefficient beta of the medium to the electromagnetic waves satisfies the following requirements:
where ω represents the antenna frequency; μ represents the relative permeability of the medium; σ represents the conductivity of the medium; which represents the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
4. The electromagnetic wave CT method for precisely detecting an underground pipeline according to claim 1, wherein the data processing in step S2 includes preprocessing the data: and eliminating mutation points of the acquired data, comparing the data change trend before and after the suspicious data, and smoothing by combining the data of adjacent measuring points and the lithology of the stratum.
5. The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines according to claim 4, wherein the data processing in step S2 comprises:
extracting an optimal frequency curve by utilizing the collected data receipt frequency curve, and establishing a data file of corresponding frequency;
finding out abnormal distribution rule from the frequency curve, and optimizing the optimal frequency curve to eliminate individual distortion points.
6. The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting an underground pipeline according to claim 5, wherein the step S3 includes:
the data processing calculates the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient beta of each grid in the section of the drill hole through inversion, and reconstructs an image of the absorption coefficient beta according to the acquired data;
and finding out the abnormal part with high absorption coefficient in the image as the position of the underground pipeline.
7. The electromagnetic wave CT method for accurately detecting underground pipelines according to claim 6, characterized in that the reconstruction of the absorption coefficient beta image is carried out by the SIRT method.
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| CN112503399A (en) * | 2020-12-01 | 2021-03-16 | 广州市城市规划勘测设计研究院 | Method and device for determining underground pipeline position and storage medium thereof |
| CN113253259A (en) * | 2021-04-28 | 2021-08-13 | 广州铭子通科技有限公司 | Deeply buried underground pipeline detection system |
| CN114753836A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-15 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | CT test method for spatial inclined drilling |
| CN115032703A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-09-09 | 北京探创资源科技有限公司 | Imaging method of electromagnetic wave perspective data |
| CN116047617A (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-05-02 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Method and device for identifying geological features between wells |
| CN116047617B (en) * | 2023-03-10 | 2023-06-27 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Method and device for identifying geological features between wells |
| CN116661005A (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-08-29 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Electromagnetic wave CT analysis and identification method for realizing accurate detection of underground pipeline |
| CN116661005B (en) * | 2023-08-02 | 2023-12-12 | 中国地质科学院地球物理地球化学勘查研究所 | Electromagnetic wave CT analysis and identification method for realizing accurate detection of underground pipeline |
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Application publication date: 20201027 |