CN111830579A - Accurate detection device of pipeline - Google Patents

Accurate detection device of pipeline Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111830579A
CN111830579A CN202010820983.9A CN202010820983A CN111830579A CN 111830579 A CN111830579 A CN 111830579A CN 202010820983 A CN202010820983 A CN 202010820983A CN 111830579 A CN111830579 A CN 111830579A
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underground
probe
detection device
antenna
accurate detection
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李洋
高文利
王宇航
贾定宇
冯杰
欧洋
梁明星
刘东明
翟景红
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Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration of CAGS
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Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration of CAGS
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/12—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation operating with electromagnetic waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V3/00—Electric or magnetic prospecting or detecting; Measuring magnetic field characteristics of the earth, e.g. declination, deviation
    • G01V3/38—Processing data, e.g. for analysis, for interpretation, for correction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to an underground pipeline accurate detection device which comprises a winch (1) and a data acquisition unit (2) arranged on the winch (1), wherein two ends of the data acquisition unit (2) are respectively connected with a first cable (21) and a second cable (22); the other end of the first cable (21) is connected with a launching probe (3) which is used for being placed in any underground borehole; the other end of the second cable (22) is connected with a receiving probe (4) for placing in other underground boreholes. The underground pipeline accurate detection device can quickly and accurately detect the depth and the position of the underground pipeline.

Description

Accurate detection device of pipeline
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pipeline detection, in particular to an underground pipeline accurate detection device.
Background
The underground pipeline network is an indispensable important infrastructure in city operation and development, and underground pipelines not only provide important living goods and materials for residents in cities, but also bear the responsibility of providing basic resources and energy for city development. The perfect and developed underground pipeline system and the safe and stable operation thereof are the guarantee and the foundation of the operation of the modern city. However, the laying of some underground pipelines is long, the daily management and maintenance are lacked, and the pipeline data is seriously lost. In urban construction or construction process, due to the lack of real-time pipeline diagrams of underground pipelines in a construction area and the absence of a rapid and accurate pipeline detection means, real-time underground pipeline distribution conditions cannot be obtained, so that the pipelines cannot be effectively avoided in the construction process, further the pipelines are damaged, and even a series of accidents are caused.
The detection of pipelines in the prior art is mostly on the other side of the ground of the geological radar, the detection of the depth and the position of the underground pipelines is not accurate enough, and even the pipelines with large burial depth can not be detected at all. The existing pipeline instrument for drilling detection is mostly single-hole detection, can only detect the depth of a pipeline and cannot accurately position the pipeline.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a quick and accurate underground pipeline accurate detection device.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides an underground pipeline accurate detection device which comprises a winch and a data acquisition unit arranged on the winch, wherein two ends of the data acquisition unit are respectively connected with a first cable and a second cable;
the other end of the first cable is connected with a launching probe which is used for being placed in any underground borehole;
the other end of the second cable is connected with a receiving probe for placing in other underground boreholes.
According to one aspect of the invention, the transmitting probe is provided with a half-wave dipole antenna and the receiving probe is provided with a whip antenna.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the launching probe is E0, the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the receiving probe is E, and the following relation is satisfied:
Figure BDA0002634401840000021
wherein β represents an absorption coefficient of the medium for the electromagnetic wave; r represents the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point; f (θ) represents an antenna directivity factor; theta represents the angle between the antenna and the direction of the electric field at the receiving point.
According to one aspect of the invention, the absorption coefficient β of the medium for electromagnetic waves satisfies:
Figure BDA0002634401840000022
where ω represents the antenna frequency; μ represents the relative permeability of the medium; σ represents the conductivity of the medium; which represents the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
According to an aspect of the present invention, the length of each of the half-wave dipole antenna and the whip antenna is set to 1 meter.
According to one aspect of the invention, the distance between the launching points of the launching probe is 1 meter, and the distance between the measuring points is 0.2 meter.
The underground pipeline accurate detection device is based on the difference of different lithologic electromagnetic wave absorption coefficients in the stratum, holes are drilled in the ground surface, the transmitting probe is arranged in a first drilled hole, and electromagnetic waves are transmitted through the transmitting antenna, so that an electromagnetic field is formed underground. The electromagnetic field propagates in the stratum and is reflected, refracted, scattered and the like when meeting different geological bodies, so that the distribution of the electromagnetic field is changed. And then the receiving probe is placed in another drill hole, the residual electromagnetic wave information is collected through the receiving antenna, and after data processing, the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area can be obtained, so that the parameters of the abnormal body such as physical property, production state and the like can be deduced, and the depth and the position of the underground pipeline can be determined.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view illustrating a structure of an underground utility precision surveying apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 schematically shows a borehole gridding schematic;
fig. 3 schematically shows a diagram of the absorption coefficient.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
In describing embodiments of the present invention, the terms "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship that is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the associated drawings, which is for convenience and simplicity of description only, and does not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, the above-described terms should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments, which are not repeated herein, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the following embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the underground pipeline accurate detection device of the present invention includes a winch 1 and a data collector 2 disposed on the winch 1, wherein two ends of the data collector 2 are respectively connected to a first cable 21 and a second cable 22. The other end of the first cable 21 is connected with a transmitting probe 3 for placing in any underground borehole, and the other end of the second cable 22 is connected with a receiving probe 4 for placing in other underground boreholes. The transmitting probe 3 is provided with a half-wave dipole antenna, and the receiving probe 4 is provided with a whip antenna.
The underground pipeline accurate detection device is characterized in that holes are drilled on the ground surface on the basis of the difference of different lithologic electromagnetic wave absorption coefficients in the stratum, the transmitting probe 3 is arranged in a first drilled hole, and an electromagnetic field is formed underground through transmitting antenna electromagnetic waves. The electromagnetic field propagates in the stratum and is reflected, refracted, scattered and the like when meeting different geological bodies, so that the distribution of the electromagnetic field is changed. Then, the receiving probe 4 can be placed in another borehole, the remaining electromagnetic wave information is collected through a receiving antenna, and after data processing, the spatial distribution form of the electromagnetic wave absorption coefficient of the detection area can be obtained, so that the parameters of the abnormal body such as physical property, production state and the like can be deduced, and the depth and the position of the underground pipeline can be determined.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, specifically, the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the transmitting probe 3 is E0, and the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the receiving probe 4 is E, which satisfy the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002634401840000041
in the above formula, β represents an absorption coefficient of the medium for the electromagnetic wave; r represents the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point; f (θ) represents an antenna directivity factor; theta denotes the angle between the antenna and the direction of the electric field at the receiving point, and e is a constant, and is usually 2.718.
And the absorption coefficient beta of the medium to the electromagnetic wave satisfies the following conditions:
Figure BDA0002634401840000042
where ω represents the antenna frequency; μ represents the relative permeability of the medium; σ represents the conductivity of the medium; to representThe relative dielectric constant of the medium.
From the above equation, when ω and μ are constant, the absorption coefficient β of the medium for electromagnetic waves is mainly related to σ. Whereas a larger σ means a better conductivity of the medium and a faster field strength decay. In actual work, the resistivity difference exists between the surrounding rock and the geological abnormal body (no matter high absorption or low absorption), the electromagnetic wave generates reflection, refraction and scattering effects at the interface of the surrounding rock and the abnormal body, and the high absorption abnormality is judged when the field intensity of the electromagnetic wave received by the receiving antenna is reduced and the abnormality occurs.
The underground pipeline accurate positioning device has a frequency sweeping function and can measure data of multiple frequencies at one time. Generally, 4MHz, 8MHz and 16MHz sweep frequency measurement is selected. The measurement method adopts the combination of synchronization and fixed point, after synchronous scanning, fixed point accurate measurement is carried out, the distance between the transmitting points is 1m, the distance between the measuring points is 0.2m, the smaller the distance between the receiving points is, the higher the detection resolution is, the mode of exchanging measurement is adopted, the non-measuring blind area is ensured, and the data information is reliable and reliable. The length of the transmitting antenna and the length of the receiving antenna are both 1 m.
Referring to fig. 1, the underground pipeline of the present invention is precisely positioned, electromagnetic wave electric field intensity data of the whole section is collected by moving the probe up and down, the measured data is stored in the ground data collector 2, and then the data is guided into a computer for data processing and inversion.
The method comprises the following steps: firstly, preprocessing data, namely eliminating mutation points of the acquired data, comparing the change trend of the data before and after suspicious data, and smoothing by combining data of adjacent measuring points, stratum lithology and the like. The preprocessing aims at screening credible data, and the specific method comprises the steps of drawing a frequency curve by utilizing the collected data, extracting an optimal frequency curve and establishing a data file with corresponding frequency. Then finding out abnormal distribution rule from the frequency curve, and optimizing the optimal frequency curve to eliminate individual distortion point.
With reference to fig. 2, the data processing of the present invention calculates the absorption coefficient β of each mesh in the cross-section by inversion, and reconstructs an image of the absorption coefficient β from the acquired data. At present, Algebraic Reconstruction Technology (ART), combined iterative reconstruction technology (SIRT), damped least square method (LSQR) and the like are applied to more methods. The SIRT method is based on an improvement of the ART method, both of which are solutions to a system of linear algebraic equations. In the calculation process of the ART method, the distribution of projection data and the updating of grid unit functions are carried out simultaneously, while the SIRT method firstly distributes the projection data, and then updates the image functions in the units after all grid units are distributed to the data. Compared with the ART method, the SIRT method can better weaken or even eliminate noise, enhance the smoothness degree of the data grid and the integrity of the data, and simultaneously has better iterative convergence and faster convergence speed.
In the SIRT method electromagnetic wave CT image reconstruction, a detection area is gridded (figure 2), and the medium in all grids is assumed to be uniform, and the absorption coefficients are consistent. As can be seen from fig. 2, the length of the ith ray (the path from transmission to reception) is the total distance of all grids passed by the ray, and can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0002634401840000051
substituting into a formula:
Figure BDA0002634401840000052
in the formula, k is iteration times;
Figure BDA0002634401840000053
the absorption coefficient of the kth iteration of the jth grid; wjIs the total number of rays passing through the jth grid;
Figure BDA0002634401840000054
the field strength after the kth iteration for the ith ray. Finally, the absorption coefficient beta of each grid is iterated, and the data is gridded into a section view by using software, as shown in fig. 3, wherein a high absorption anomaly, for example, higher than 12.5, is the position of the underground pipeline.
The above description is only one embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The underground pipeline accurate detection device is characterized by comprising a winch (1) and a data acquisition unit (2) arranged on the winch (1), wherein two ends of the data acquisition unit (2) are respectively connected with a first cable (21) and a second cable (22);
the other end of the first cable (21) is connected with a launching probe (3) which is used for being placed in any underground borehole;
the other end of the second cable (22) is connected with a receiving probe (4) for placing in other underground boreholes.
2. The underground utility accurate detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that the transmitting probe (3) is provided with a half-wave dipole antenna and the receiving probe (4) is provided with a whip antenna.
3. The underground pipeline accurate detection device according to claim 2, wherein the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the launching probe (3) is E0, the electromagnetic wave electric field intensity of the receiving probe is E, and the following relation is satisfied:
Figure FDA0002634401830000011
wherein β represents an absorption coefficient of the medium for the electromagnetic wave; r represents the distance between the receiving point and the transmitting point; f (θ) represents an antenna directivity factor; theta represents the angle between the antenna and the direction of the electric field at the receiving point.
4. The underground pipeline accurate detection device according to claim 3, wherein the absorption coefficient β of the medium to the electromagnetic wave satisfies:
Figure FDA0002634401830000012
where ω represents the antenna frequency; μ represents the relative permeability of the medium; σ represents the conductivity of the medium; which represents the relative dielectric constant of the medium.
5. The underground utility accurate detection device according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the length of each of the half-wave dipole antenna and the whip antenna is set to 1 meter.
6. The underground pipeline accurate detection device according to claim 5, wherein the distance between the launching points of the launching probe (3) is 1 meter, and the distance between the measuring points is 0.2 meter.
CN202010820983.9A 2020-08-14 2020-08-14 Accurate detection device of pipeline Pending CN111830579A (en)

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