CN111830378A - Rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method - Google Patents
Rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111830378A CN111830378A CN202010718975.3A CN202010718975A CN111830378A CN 111830378 A CN111830378 A CN 111830378A CN 202010718975 A CN202010718975 A CN 202010718975A CN 111830378 A CN111830378 A CN 111830378A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/20—Preparation of articles or specimens to facilitate testing
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and a rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation method, wherein the device comprises a power frequency voltage loop unit for providing voltage applied to a buffer layer and a buffer layer experiment unit which is connected to the power frequency voltage loop unit and is used for simulating buffer layer ablation faults; the buffer layer experiment unit comprises a buffer layer experiment cavity, a displacement assembly, a rotating assembly and an electrode assembly, wherein the displacement assembly and the rotating assembly are arranged in the buffer layer experiment cavity; the cable buffer layer is wound on the rod electrode, the displacement assembly is used for controlling the position of the ball electrode along the axial direction of the rod electrode, and the rotating assembly is used for controlling the rotation of the rod electrode. The method can be used for quickly and efficiently simulating the ablation process of the buffer layer of the high-voltage cable, and preparing a large number of buffer layer ablation samples in a short time, thereby providing convenience for the research on the ablation characteristic of the buffer layer of the high-voltage cable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insulation characteristic experiments of high-voltage transmission cables, relates to a device and a method for simulating ablation faults of a rotary stepping cable buffer layer, and aims to manually generate ablation defects on the surface of a water-blocking buffer layer of a high-voltage transmission cable, analyze the electrical physicochemical characteristics of the defective part and further research the ablation mechanism and the components of ablation products of the water-blocking buffer layer under the action of an electric field.
Background
With the rapid development of urban power grids in China, the bridge and tie functions of high-voltage transmission cables are increasingly prominent. According to incomplete statistics, the total length of 110kV and above high-voltage cable lines already put into operation in China already exceeds 8000km, and the highest voltage level reaches 500 kV. However, during actual manufacturing, transportation, installation and operation, the high voltage cable is inevitably subjected to extrusion, twisting and even excessive bending, which causes interference contact between the aluminum sheath and the water blocking buffer layer. Under the combined action of mechanical pressure and electric field, the water-blocking powder in the buffer layer will produce chemical reaction to produce Na as main component2CO3、Al(OH)3And Al2O3The white powdery substance enables high-resistance connection between the aluminum corrugated pipe of the high-voltage cable and the buffer layer to be generated, and ablation and even partial discharge are caused. Despite such serious consequences of buffer layer failure, it is still difficult for researchers to grasp the ablation characteristics and ablation mechanism of the buffer layer ablation occurring inside the cable so far, which undoubtedly creates a great hidden danger for safe production operation of high voltage cables. In addition, the buffer layer ablation process has strong randomness, and a large number of samples are often needed for analyzing the buffer layer ablation process, so that the difficulty of researching the buffer layer fault is increased.
The patent application with the application number of CN201910831033.3 discloses a cable buffer layer state evaluation method and system, the method and system can acquire a perspective view of a tested cable, and the separation length of the tested cable is calculated according to the perspective view of the tested cable; calculating the allowable distance of the tested cable according to the parameters of the tested cable, and obtaining the evaluation result of the tested cable by comparing the separation length and the allowable distance of the tested cable; the evaluation method and the system can intuitively and accurately evaluate the state of the buffer layer. Patent application document CN201911205046.6 discloses a cable buffer layer ablation detection system and method based on an X-ray machine, the detection system includes: the buffer layer fault cable, the X-ray machine reflecting plate, the adjusting device and the display device are arranged on the buffer layer; the adjusting device comprises a first adjusting plate, a second adjusting plate and a connecting rod, wherein the first adjusting plate and the second adjusting plate are connected through the connecting rod; the buffer layer fault cable and the X-ray machine reflecting plate are arranged on the first adjusting plate, and the X-ray machine reflecting plate is arranged on the rear side of the buffer layer fault cable; when X-ray light emitted by an X-ray machine irradiates on the buffer layer fault cable, the X-ray light penetrates through the buffer layer fault cable and is projected onto the X-ray reflection plate, and density display is carried out through a display device connected with the X-ray machine reflection plate so as to judge whether the buffer layer fault cable generates ablation phenomenon.
However, the main disadvantages of the above conventional buffer layer experimental apparatus and evaluation method are: the test evaluation of the material characteristics and the electrical characteristics of a small number of buffer layer samples can only be realized, a large number of buffer layer ablation samples can not be prepared in a short time, the aluminum corrugated pipe-water blocking buffer layer structure in a real high-voltage transmission cable can not be simulated in a laboratory, and the ablation fault of the buffer layer under the real working condition can not be reproduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method aiming at the defects in the prior art, which can quickly, conveniently and efficiently simulate the ablation process of a high-voltage cable buffer layer and prepare a large number of buffer layer ablation samples in a short time, thereby providing convenience for the follow-up research on the ablation characteristics of the high-voltage cable buffer layer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention idea is as follows: the rod electrode and the ball electrode are utilized to form an electrode assembly, the cable buffer layer is wound on the rod electrode, voltage is applied to the cable buffer layer through the contact position of the ball electrode and the rod electrode, and ablation faults of the buffer layer are simulated; by adjusting the position of the ball electrode relative to the rod electrode, multiple buffer layer ablated samples can be made quickly.
Based on the above invention thought, the rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device provided by the invention comprises a power frequency voltage loop unit for providing voltage applied to a buffer layer and a buffer layer experiment unit connected to the power frequency voltage loop unit and used for simulating buffer layer ablation fault;
the buffer layer experiment unit comprises a buffer layer experiment cavity, a displacement assembly, a rotating assembly and an electrode assembly, wherein the displacement assembly and the rotating assembly are arranged in the buffer layer experiment cavity; the cable buffer layer is wound on the rod electrode, the displacement assembly is used for controlling the position of the ball electrode along the axial direction of the rod electrode, and the rotating assembly is used for controlling the rotation of the rod electrode;
the displacement assembly comprises a T-shaped guide part, a first insulating connecting piece and a stepping motor; the T-shaped guide part comprises a metal guide rod and a cross rod which are connected into a whole and are vertically arranged, one end of the metal guide rod is fixedly connected with the ball electrode, and the other end of the metal guide rod is connected with the power frequency voltage loop unit through a high-voltage flexible lead and a sleeve arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity; the tail end of a cross rod of the T-shaped guide piece is coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw rod of the stepping motor through a first insulating connecting piece;
the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor and a second insulating connecting piece; an output shaft of the rotating motor is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rod electrode through a second insulating connecting piece;
the electrode assembly also comprises a ball socket electrode which is connected with the earth and in movable contact with the earth; the earth is connected with the other end of the rod electrode; the ball and socket electrode is grounded via a ground line.
This rotatory marching type cable buffer layer ablation fault analogue means, through the voltage that power frequency voltage loop control applied to banded buffer layer sample, through the contact position of rotating electrical machines and step motor control high-voltage ball electrode and buffer layer sample to produce a plurality of buffer layer ablation points, after the ablation simulation experiment was accomplished, carry out physicochemical analysis to the ablation point, can master high-voltage cable and block water the buffer layer ablation characteristic. Specifically, the rotating electrical machines are connected with one end of a rod electrode wrapping a belt-shaped buffer layer through a second insulating connecting piece, the rod electrode can be controlled to rotate in a stepping mode, the other end of the rod electrode is fixedly connected with a grounding ball, the grounding ball is electrically connected with a ball socket electrode, the rod electrode is guaranteed to rotate, and the ball socket electrode is grounded through a grounding lead. The ball electrode is fixedly connected with one end of a metal guide rod of the T-shaped guide part, and the other end of the metal guide rod is electrically connected with a high-voltage core of the sleeve through a high-voltage flexible lead. A screw rod of the stepping motor is connected with one end of a cross rod of the T-shaped guide piece through a first insulation connecting piece and used for controlling the horizontal position of the T-shaped guide piece. Therefore, on the premise of achieving the purpose, the rotating motor and the stepping motor can be a rotating motor and a screw rod type stepping motor which are conventionally used in the field, and can be sold or manufactured by self.
According to the rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device, one end, connected with the high-voltage flexible lead, of the T-shaped guide part metal guide rod is fixedly connected with the voltage-equalizing ball used for equalizing the electric field at the top end of the metal guide rod. The sleeve is used for introducing voltage into the buffer layer experiment unit; the ball electrode is used for applying voltage to the buffer layer; the voltage-equalizing ball is used for equalizing the electric field at the top end of the T-shaped guide piece; the T-shaped guide part is used for fixing the ball electrode and the pressure-equalizing ball and is made of metal.
According to the rotary stepping cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device, the driving switch of the stepping motor is connected with the first button which is arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity and used for triggering the stepping motor to act through the first connecting wire. And a driving switch of the rotating motor is connected with a second button which is arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity and used for triggering the rotating motor to act through a second connecting wire. The semi-automatic step control of the stepping motor is realized by triggering the action of the stepping motor through the first button, and the semi-automatic rotation control of the rotating motor is realized by triggering the action of the rotating motor through the second button, so that the device has higher safety and operation convenience.
Above-mentioned rotatory marching type cable buffer layer ablation fault analogue means places and the further electrical insulation of device for each part of being convenient for, step motor is fixed in buffer layer experiment chamber bottom through the first insulation base that the bottom set up, and rotating electrical machines is fixed in buffer layer experiment chamber bottom through the second insulation base that the bottom set up, ball and socket electrode is fixed in buffer layer experiment chamber bottom through the insulating support of being connected with it. The first insulating base, the second insulating base and the third insulating base are preferably made of epoxy resin. The first insulating connecting piece and the second insulating connecting piece are also preferably made of epoxy resin. The electrical isolation between the stepping motor and the high-voltage rotating motor and between the stepping motor and the ground is realized through the first insulating connecting piece and the second insulating connecting piece.
Above-mentioned rotatory marching type cable buffer layer ablation fault analogue means, the buffer layer experiment chamber includes the base and installs the casing on the base.
According to the rotary stepping cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device, the power frequency voltage loop unit comprises a voltage regulator, a power frequency test transformer, a fuse, a voltmeter and an ammeter; the input end and the output end of the voltage regulator are respectively connected with 220V mains supply and the input end of a power frequency test transformer, the output end of the power frequency test transformer is connected into a buffer layer experiment unit through a fuse, and the voltmeter is connected in parallel at two ends of the buffer layer experiment unit; the ammeter is connected in series to the grounding lead of the buffer layer experiment unit. It should be noted that the purpose of the power frequency voltage loop unit is to control the voltage applied to the buffer layer, and there is no special requirement, so that on the premise of achieving the purpose, a power frequency voltage boosting device conventionally used in the field can be adopted, and the power frequency voltage boosting device can be sold or made by self. The power frequency voltage loop unit is simple in composition, and can accurately adjust the voltage amplitude borne by the buffer layer sample, so that the buffer layer ablation process can be simulated under the action of different voltage amplitudes.
The invention also provides a rotary stepping cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation method, which utilizes the device to perform a cable belt buffer layer ablation experiment under the set voltage, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) buffer layer ablation experimental unit drying: drying the buffer layer ablation experiment unit, after drying, placing the buffer layer experiment cavity unit in an environment with the humidity less than 30%, keeping a sealing state, and entering the step (2);
(2) winding a belt-shaped buffer layer sample: opening a buffer layer experiment cavity, taking out a rod electrode with an earth connection from the buffer layer experiment cavity, wrapping a strip buffer layer sample to the surface of the rod electrode at a center distance d, wherein the center distance d is not less than the width l of the strip buffer layer sample to ensure that the buffer layer sample is fully utilized, tightly binding and fixing the two ends of the sample after wrapping, reconnecting one end of the rod electrode wrapped with the strip buffer layer sample to a second insulating connecting piece, putting a grounding ball at the other end of the rod electrode into a ball socket electrode again, maintaining the sealing state of the buffer layer experiment cavity again, and entering the step (3);
(3) the step angle fine adjustment is triggered by the rotating motor and the stepping motor once: adjusting a screw rod of a stepping motor to enable the sphere center of the ball electrode to be opposite to and abut against the central position of one side of the sample of the buffer layer on the surface of the rod electrode, then adjusting the single-trigger step angle of a rotating motor to be equal to 60-120 degrees, adjusting the single-trigger step angle of the stepping motor again to enable the stepping distance of the screw rod of the stepping motor under each trigger to be l/4-l/3, adjusting the screw rod of the stepping motor again after the adjustment is finished to enable the sphere center of the ball electrode to be opposite to and abut against the central position of one side of the sample of the buffer layer on the surface of the rod electrode, and entering the step (4);
(4) buffer layer ablation fault simulation experiment: adjusting a power frequency voltage loop unit to slowly increase the experiment voltage, stopping increasing the voltage when the voltage reaches the experiment required amplitude, enabling the buffer layer sample to bear the stable amplitude voltage, slowly ablating the buffer layer sample under the voltage, starting the stepping motor after the ablation degree reaches the experiment preset degree, starting the rotating motor after the action of the stepping motor is finished, enabling the rotating motor to act, enabling the ball electrode to reach the next buffer layer ablation experiment point, ablating the position of the buffer layer sample, repeating the operation, and finally obtaining the ablation points distributed at equal intervals on the strip-shaped buffer layer sample.
In the method for simulating ablation fault of the rotary stepping cable buffer layer, in the step (1), the drying treatment can adopt a drying treatment method which is conventional in the art. The preferable drying treatment operation of the invention comprises the following specific steps: and opening the buffer layer experiment cavity, and performing vacuum drying on each part of the buffer layer ablation experiment unit by using non-woven fabric, wherein the drying temperature is 80-100 ℃, the drying vacuum degree is less than 0.01Mpa, and the drying time is 24-36 h. The buffer layer experiment cavity unit is placed in an environment with the humidity of less than 30% so that all parts of the buffer layer experiment cavity unit can keep dry, the influence of the environment humidity on the experiment is reduced, and the accuracy of the experiment is improved. Furthermore, the shell of the buffer layer experiment cavity can be wiped by using non-woven fabrics, and then the rest parts are subjected to vacuum drying treatment.
According to the method for simulating the ablation fault of the rotary stepping cable buffer layer, in the step (2), the strip buffer layer is wrapped on the rod electrode, and the closest distance between the centers of two adjacent strips is the center distance. The center distance d is not less than the width l of the sample, so that the buffer layer sample is fully utilized. The center-to-center distance d is preferably equal to the specimen width l. In step (3), the single-trigger step angle of the rotating electrical machine is preferably 90 °. The stepping distance of the lead screw of the stepping motor under each triggering is preferably l/4.
According to the method for simulating the ablation fault of the rotary stepping cable buffer layer, in the step (4), the ablation point of the buffer layer is changed after the ablation degree reaches the experimental preset degree, and the preset degree is specifically set according to the needs of researchers. Generally, the degree is quantified in terms of time, specifically about 10 minutes. Secondly, the starting sequence of the stepping motor and the rotating motor has no influence and can reach the next test point, so that the rotating motor can be started first and then the stepping motor can be started.
The rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the strip-shaped high-voltage cable water-blocking buffer layer sample is coaxially rotated through the rotating motor, the ball electrode is horizontally displaced through the stepping motor, so that the contact position of the ball electrode and the buffer layer sample is changed under the condition that the experimental electrode and the experimental sample are not repeatedly disassembled, and on the basis, the voltage amplitude born by the buffer layer sample is accurately adjusted by combining a power frequency voltage loop, so that the buffer layer ablation process is simulated under the action of different voltage amplitudes, and a large number of buffer layer ablation samples are prepared in a short time;
(2) the rotary stepping cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device provided by the invention is simple in structure and high in reliability, the ball electrode is enabled to generate circumferential displacement on the surface of a buffer layer sample by controlling the rotary motor, and the ball electrode is enabled to generate axial displacement on the surface of the buffer layer sample by controlling the stepping motor, so that the ball electrode reaches the position to be ablated next, the stepping motor and the high-voltage rotary motor are electrically isolated from the ground by insulating connecting pieces, and the use safety performance is high;
(3) each part of the buffer layer experiment unit is simple in structure and convenient to install and dismantle, and a large number of buffer layer ablation samples can be prepared by dismantling once, so that repeated uncovering of the buffer layer experiment cavity is prevented, the influence of environment humidity on the buffer layer ablation result is effectively avoided, and the experiment process is greatly simplified;
(4) overall speaking, the device has the advantages of simple structure, convenience, high efficiency, high safety performance and the like, can be widely applied to ablation simulation experiments of the buffer layer of the high-voltage cable, can realize mass production of buffer layer ablation samples under different applied voltage amplitudes in a short time, and provides a reliable experiment platform for fault simulation of the water-blocking buffer layer of the high-voltage cable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic wiring diagram of a power frequency voltage loop according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a buffer layer experimental unit structure according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a voltage regulator; 2. a power frequency test transformer; 3. a fuse; 4. a voltmeter; 5. a buffer layer experiment unit; 6. an ammeter; 7. a first button; 8. a first connecting line; 9. a stepping motor; 10. a first insulating connector; 11. a housing; 12. a ball electrode; 13. a T-shaped guide; 14. a high voltage flexible conductor; 15. a sleeve; 16. a pressure equalizing ball; 17. a second insulating connector; 18. a screw rod; 19. a rotating electric machine; 20. a second connecting line; 21. a second button; 22. a base; 23. a first insulating base; 24. a ground lead; 25. a second insulating base; 26. connecting the earth; 27. a ball and socket electrode; 28. a rod electrode; 29. and an insulating support.
Detailed Description
So that the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, belong to the present invention.
Example 1
The device for simulating the ablation fault of the buffer layer of the rotary stepping cable comprises a power frequency voltage loop unit and a buffer layer experiment unit 5, wherein the power frequency voltage loop unit is used for providing voltage applied to the buffer layer, and the buffer layer experiment unit is connected to the power frequency voltage loop unit and is used for simulating the ablation fault of the buffer layer.
As shown in fig. 1, the power frequency voltage loop unit includes a voltage regulator 1, a power frequency test transformer 2, a fuse 3, a voltmeter 4, and an ammeter 6. The input end and the output end of the voltage regulator 1 are respectively connected with the 220V commercial power and the input end of the power frequency test transformer 2. The output end of the power frequency test transformer 2 is connected into a buffer layer experiment unit 5 through a fuse 3. The voltmeter 4 is connected in parallel at two ends of the buffer layer experiment cavity 5. The ammeter 6 is connected in series to the ground lead 24 of the buffer layer experimental unit 5.
As shown in fig. 2, the buffer layer experiment unit 5 includes a buffer layer experiment chamber, and a displacement assembly, a rotation assembly and an electrode assembly mainly composed of a ball electrode 12 and a rod electrode 28 installed in the buffer layer experiment chamber, and a cable buffer layer is wound on the rod electrode 28. The displacement assembly is used for controlling the position of the ball electrode along the axial direction of the rod electrode, the rotating assembly is used for controlling the rotation of the rod electrode, so that the ablation fault position of a cable buffer layer on the rod electrode 28 is determined according to the contact position of the ball electrode and the rod electrode, and a large number of buffer layer ablation samples can be prepared in a short time by adjusting the contact position of the ball electrode and the rod electrode.
The buffer layer experiment cavity comprises a base and a shell installed on the base.
The displacement assembly comprises a T-shaped guide 13, a first insulating connector 10 and a stepper motor 9. The T-shaped guide part 13 comprises a metal guide rod and a cross rod which are connected into a whole and are vertically arranged, one end of the metal guide rod is fixedly connected with the ball electrode 12, the other end of the metal guide rod is fixedly connected with a voltage-sharing ball 16, and the voltage-sharing ball 16 is connected with a high-voltage core of a sleeve 15 arranged outside the shell of the buffer layer experimental cavity through a high-voltage flexible lead; the voltage equalizing ball 16 is used for equalizing the electric field at the top end of the metal guide rod; the sleeve is connected with the fuse output end of the power frequency voltage loop unit and used for introducing voltage into the buffer layer experiment cavity. The tail end of a cross bar of the T-shaped guide part 13 is coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw rod 18 of the stepping motor 9 through a first insulating connecting piece 10, and the horizontal position of the T-shaped guide part 13 is controlled through the stepping motor 9. The bottom of the stepping motor 9 is provided with a first insulating base 23, and the stepping motor 9 is fixed on the buffer layer experiment cavity base through the first insulating base 23. A driving switch of the stepping motor 9 is connected with a first button 7 arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity shell through a first connecting wire 8, and the action of triggering the stepping motor 9 through the first button 7 realizes the semi-automatic stepping control of the stepping motor 9. The T-shaped guide 13 is made of metal. The first insulating connecting member 10 is a columnar structure, and the first insulating base 23 and the first insulating connecting member are made of epoxy resin.
The rotating assembly comprises a rotating electrical machine 19 and a second insulating connector 17. The output shaft of the rotating motor 19 is coaxially and fixedly connected with the rod electrode 28 through the second insulating connecting piece 17, and the rod electrode 28 can be controlled to rotate step by step. The bottom of the rotating electrical machine 19 is provided with a second insulating base 25, and the rotating electrical machine 19 is fixed on the base of the buffer layer experiment cavity through the second insulating base 25. And a driving switch of the rotating motor is connected with a second button 21 arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity shell through a second connecting wire 20, and the action of triggering the rotating motor 19 through the second button 21 realizes the semi-automatic step control of the rotating motor 19. The second insulating connecting member 17 is a columnar structure, and both the second insulating connecting member and the second insulating base 25 are made of epoxy resin.
The electrode assembly, in addition to the ball electrode 12 and the rod electrode 28, further includes a ground contact 26 and a ball and socket electrode 27. The earth 26 is fixedly connected with the other end of the rod electrode, and the earth 26 is movably contacted with the ball socket electrode 27, so that the earth and the ball socket electrode are electrically connected to ensure that the rod electrode rotates. The ball-and-socket electrode 27 is grounded via the grounding wire 24 and is fixedly mounted on the buffer layer experiment chamber base through an insulating bracket 29 connected with the ball-and-socket electrode.
It should be noted that the high voltage flexible lead 14 and the lead screw 18 should be long enough to allow the ball electrode 12 to move on any position of the rod electrode 28. In addition, the dimensions of the components such as the ball electrode 12, the T-shaped guide 13, the voltage-equalizing ball 16, the second insulating connector 17, the base 22, the first insulating base 23, the second insulating base 25, the grounding ball 26, the ball-and-socket electrode 27, the rod electrode 28, the insulating support 29, and the like may be designed according to actual conditions, and are not particularly limited. In this embodiment, the ball electrode 12 has a diameter of 10mm, the diameter of each leg of the T-shaped guide is 5mm, the diameter of the pressure-equalizing ball 16 is 25mm, the diameter of the first insulating connector 10 and the second insulating connector 17 is 20mm and the length is 50mm, the height of the base 22 is 100mm, the diameter of the grounding ball 26 is 20mm, and the length of the rod electrode 28 is 300mm
Example 2
In this embodiment, an actual 110kV high-voltage cable water-blocking buffer layer is cut into a strip structure with a width of 50mm and a length of 1000mm, and then the strip structure is dried at 120 ℃ and under 0.008Mpa for 24 hours to be used as a cable water-blocking buffer layer sample in this embodiment.
The embodiment provides a method for simulating ablation faults of a rotary stepping cable buffer layer, which is used for carrying out ablation simulation experiments on the high-voltage cable buffer layer under a set voltage amplitude by using the device for simulating the ablation faults of the rotary stepping cable buffer layer in the embodiment 1, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) buffer layer experiment unit 5 drying: taking down the shell 11 of the buffer layer experiment cavity, carefully wiping the shell by using non-woven fabrics, then carrying out vacuum drying on each part of the buffer layer experiment unit 5 at the drying temperature of 80 ℃, the drying vacuum degree of 0.008Mpa for 24 hours, covering the shell 11 of the buffer layer experiment cavity 5 again after drying is finished, putting the buffer layer experiment cavity 5 into an environment with the humidity of 25%, sealing and storing the buffer layer experiment cavity, and entering the step (2);
(2) winding a belt-shaped buffer layer sample: firstly, taking down a shell (11) of a buffer layer experiment cavity 5, then taking out a rod electrode 28 with an earth 26 from one end of a second insulating connecting piece 10, then taking a strip-shaped buffer layer sample with a certain length, wherein the width of the strip-shaped buffer layer sample is 50mm, wrapping the strip-shaped sample to the surface of the rod electrode 28 at the center distance of 50mm, tightly binding and fixing the two ends by using a binding belt after wrapping, reconnecting the left end of the rod electrode 28 wrapped with the strip-shaped buffer layer sample to the second insulating connecting piece 17, putting a grounding ball 26 at the right end of the rod electrode 28 into a ball socket electrode 27 again, covering the shell 11 again after the steps are finished, and entering the step (3);
(3) the rotating motor 19 and the stepping motor 9 trigger the fine adjustment of the step angle at a single time: adjusting a screw rod 18 of a stepping motor 9 to enable the sphere center of a ball electrode 12 to be opposite to and abut against the center position of the rightmost strip of the surface buffer layer sample of the rod electrode 28, then adjusting a single-trigger step angle of a rotating motor 19 to enable the single-trigger step angle to be exactly equal to 90 degrees, then adjusting the single-trigger step angle of the stepping motor 9 to enable the step distance of the screw rod 18 under each trigger to be 15mm, adjusting the screw rod 18 of the stepping motor 9 again after the adjustment is finished to enable the sphere center of the ball electrode 12 to be opposite to and abut against the center position of the rightmost strip of the surface buffer layer sample of the rod electrode 28, and entering the step (4);
(4) buffer layer ablation fault simulation experiment: adjusting the voltage regulator 1 to slowly increase the experimental voltage, synchronously observing the reading of the voltmeter 4, stopping boosting when the reading reaches the amplitude required by the experiment, enabling the buffer layer sample to bear the voltage with stable amplitude, slowly ablating the buffer layer sample under the voltage, after the ablation degree reaches the preset experimental degree, firstly pressing the first button 7, after the action of the stepping motor 9 is completed, pressing the second button 21, enabling the rotating motor 19 to act, and at the moment, the ball electrode 12 reaches the next buffer layer ablation experimental point, ablating the position of the buffer layer sample, repeating the operation, finally obtaining the ablation points distributed at equal intervals on the strip-shaped buffer layer sample, obtaining a plurality of buffer layer ablation samples, and being capable of being used for other physical and chemical analyses.
The invention enables the strip-shaped high-voltage cable water-blocking buffer layer sample to coaxially rotate through the rotating motor, and enables the buffer layer sample to horizontally displace through the stepping motor, so that the contact position of the ball electrode and the buffer layer sample is changed under the condition of not repeatedly disassembling the experimental electrode and the experimental sample, and on the basis, the voltage amplitude born by the buffer layer sample is accurately adjusted by combining the power frequency voltage loop, thereby realizing the simulation of the buffer layer ablation process under the action of different voltage amplitudes.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rotatory marching type cable buffer layer ablation fault analogue means which characterized in that: the device comprises a power frequency voltage loop unit for providing voltage applied to a buffer layer and a buffer layer experiment unit (5) connected to the power frequency voltage loop unit and used for simulating buffer layer ablation faults;
the buffer layer experiment unit (5) comprises a buffer layer experiment cavity, a displacement assembly, a rotating assembly and an electrode assembly, wherein the displacement assembly and the rotating assembly are arranged in the buffer layer experiment cavity, and the electrode assembly mainly comprises a ball electrode (12) and a rod electrode (28); the cable buffer layer is wound on the rod electrode (28), the displacement assembly is used for controlling the position of the ball electrode along the axial direction of the rod electrode, and the rotating assembly is used for controlling the rotation of the rod electrode;
the displacement assembly comprises a T-shaped guide piece (13), a first insulating connecting piece (10) and a stepping motor (19); the T-shaped guide part (13) comprises a metal guide rod and a cross rod which are connected into a whole and are vertically arranged, one end of the metal guide rod is fixedly connected with the ball electrode (12), and the other end of the metal guide rod is connected to the power frequency voltage loop unit through a high-voltage flexible wire (14) and a sleeve (15) arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity; the tail end of a cross bar of the T-shaped guide piece (13) is coaxially and fixedly connected with a screw rod (18) of the stepping motor (9) through a first insulating connecting piece (10);
the rotating assembly comprises a rotating motor (19) and a second insulating connecting piece (17); an output shaft of the rotating motor (19) is coaxially and fixedly connected with one end of the rod electrode (28) through a second insulating connecting piece (17);
the electrode assembly also comprises a ball and socket electrode (27) which is connected with the earth (26) and in movable contact with the earth; the earth (26) is fixedly connected with the other end of the rod electrode; the ball and socket electrode (27) is grounded via a ground line (24).
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the buffer layer experiment cavity comprises a base and a shell installed on the base.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: one end of the T-shaped guide piece (13), which is connected with the metal guide rod and the high-voltage flexible lead (14), is fixedly connected with a voltage-equalizing ball (16) for equalizing the electric field at the top end of the metal guide rod.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a driving switch of the stepping motor (9) is connected with a first button (7) which is arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity and used for triggering the stepping motor (9) to act through a first connecting wire (8).
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: and a driving switch of the rotating motor (19) is connected with a second button (21) which is arranged outside the buffer layer experiment cavity and used for triggering the rotating motor (19) to act through a second connecting wire (20).
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the stepping motor (9) is fixed at the bottom of the buffer layer experiment cavity through a first insulating base (23) arranged at the bottom, the rotating motor (19) is fixed at the bottom of the buffer layer experiment cavity through a second insulating base (25) arranged at the bottom, and the ball socket electrode (27) is fixed at the bottom of the buffer layer experiment cavity through an insulating support (29) connected with the ball socket electrode.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein: the first insulation connecting piece (10), the second insulation connecting piece (17), the first insulation base (23), the second insulation base (25) and the insulation support (29) are all made of epoxy resin.
8. A rotary step cable buffer ablation fault simulation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: the power frequency voltage loop unit comprises a voltage regulator (1), a power frequency test transformer (2), a fuse (3), a voltmeter (4) and an ammeter (6);
the input end and the output end of the voltage regulator (1) are respectively connected with the 220V commercial power and the input end of the power frequency test transformer (2), the output end of the power frequency test transformer (2) is connected into the buffer layer experiment unit (5) through the fuse (3), and the voltmeter (4) is connected in parallel at two ends of the buffer layer experiment unit (5); the ammeter (6) is connected in series with the grounding lead of the buffer layer experiment unit (5).
9. A rotary stepping cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation method is characterized in that: the device of any one of claims 1 to 8 is used for carrying out the cable belt buffer layer ablation experiment under a set voltage, and comprises the following specific steps:
(1) buffer layer ablation experimental unit (5) drying: drying the buffer layer ablation experiment unit (5), after drying is finished, putting the buffer layer experiment cavity unit (5) into an environment with the humidity less than 30%, keeping a sealing state, and entering the step (2);
(2) winding a belt-shaped buffer layer sample: opening the buffer layer experiment cavity, taking out the rod electrode (28) with the earth connection body (26) from the buffer layer experiment cavity, wrapping the strip-shaped buffer layer sample to the surface of the rod electrode (28) at a center distance d, wherein the center distance d is not less than the width l of the strip-shaped buffer layer sample so as to ensure that the buffer layer sample is fully utilized, tightly binding and fixing the two ends of the sample after wrapping, reconnecting one end of the rod electrode (28) wrapped with the strip-shaped buffer layer sample to the second insulating connecting piece (17), putting the earth connection body (26) at the other end into the ball socket electrode (27), maintaining the sealing state of the buffer layer experiment cavity again, and entering the step (3);
(3) the rotating motor (19) and the stepping motor (9) trigger the fine adjustment of the step angle at a single time: adjusting a screw rod (18) of a stepping motor (9) to enable the spherical center of a ball electrode (12) to be opposite to and abut against the central position of one side of the buffer layer sample on the surface of the rod electrode (28), then adjusting the single-trigger step angle of a rotating motor (19) to be equal to 60-120 degrees, then adjusting the single-trigger step angle of the stepping motor (9) to enable the stepping distance of the screw rod (18) of the stepping motor (9) under each trigger to be l/4-l/3, after the adjustment is completed, adjusting the screw rod (18) of the stepping motor (9) again to enable the spherical center of the ball electrode (12) to be opposite to and abut against the central position of one side of the buffer layer sample on the surface of the rod electrode (28), and entering the step (4);
(4) buffer layer ablation fault simulation experiment: adjusting a power frequency voltage loop unit to slowly increase the experimental voltage, stopping increasing the voltage when the voltage reaches the amplitude required by the experiment, enabling the buffer layer sample to bear the voltage with stable amplitude, slowly ablating the buffer layer sample under the voltage, stopping applying the voltage every 10min, starting the stepping motor (9) after stopping applying the voltage, starting the rotating motor (19) after the action of the stepping motor (9) is completed, enabling the rotating motor (19) to act, enabling the ball electrode (12) to reach the next buffer layer ablation experimental point, ablating the buffer layer sample, repeating the operation, finally obtaining ablation points distributed at equal intervals on the strip-shaped buffer layer sample, and obtaining a plurality of buffer layer ablation samples.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the step-by-step cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation comprises: in the step (1), the drying treatment specifically comprises the following steps: and (3) opening the buffer layer experiment cavity, and drying each part of the buffer layer ablation experiment unit (5) in vacuum at the drying temperature of 80-100 ℃, the drying vacuum degree of less than 0.01Mpa, and the drying time of 24-36 h.
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