CN111352008A - Simulation test system and method for cable water-blocking buffer layer structure with adjustable contact state and humidity - Google Patents
Simulation test system and method for cable water-blocking buffer layer structure with adjustable contact state and humidity Download PDFInfo
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- CN111352008A CN111352008A CN202010292490.2A CN202010292490A CN111352008A CN 111352008 A CN111352008 A CN 111352008A CN 202010292490 A CN202010292490 A CN 202010292490A CN 111352008 A CN111352008 A CN 111352008A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1263—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation
- G01R31/1272—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of solid or fluid materials, e.g. insulation films, bulk material; of semiconductors or LV electronic components or parts; of cable, line or wire insulation of cable, line or wire insulation, e.g. using partial discharge measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R1/00—Details of instruments or arrangements of the types included in groups G01R5/00 - G01R13/00 and G01R31/00
- G01R1/02—General constructional details
Abstract
The system comprises a bottomless test box body with a ventilation opening on the top surface, wherein a partition is arranged in the bottomless test box body and is divided into a monitoring area, a test area and a control area; a camera is placed in the monitoring area, an ablation platform is placed in the middle of the test area, humidifiers are respectively placed at four corners in the test area, an electric fan is placed between the humidifiers, and a charger is placed close to a partition; a plc controller is arranged in the control area, and a plc controller data wire penetrates through the side wall of the box body and is connected to an external computer; data lines of the humidifier and the electric fan penetrate through the partition and are connected to the plc controller; the system and the method effectively reduce the structural characteristics of the corrugated aluminum sheath and the water-blocking buffer layer in the high-voltage cable, better simulate the real working state of the water-blocking buffer layer under the actual cable running condition by adjusting the external voltage and current, the electrode position, the pressure and the environmental humidity, and are favorable for exploring and analyzing the root cause and the damage mechanism of the ablation of the water-blocking buffer layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation tests, in particular to a cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system and method capable of freely adjusting the contact state and the environmental humidity.
Background
Along with the rapid development of Chinese economy, the scale of cities is continuously enlarged, the living standard of people is continuously raised, and higher requirements are provided for the transmission capacity and the power supply quality of a power grid. Due to the limitations faced by overhead lines in corridors, landscapes, etc., underground cables play an increasingly important role in urban power supply systems.
The existing high-voltage and extra-high-voltage cables usually adopt a corrugated aluminum sheath structure, as shown in fig. 1. In the structure, the water-blocking buffer layer between the aluminum sheath and the insulation shield is an important component of the structure, and has significant influence on the electrical, mechanical and water-blocking performance of the cable. The water-blocking buffer layer has a semi-conductive characteristic, so that the electric contact between the aluminum sheath and the insulation shield is effectively ensured; the cable has a fluffy structure, the matching between the crosslinked polyethylene insulating part with larger difference of thermal expansion coefficients and the aluminum sheath is obviously improved, an air gap is prevented from being formed by poor contact between the insulating shield and the aluminum sheath when the cable is under low load, and the insulating expansion is limited by the aluminum sheath to generate marks on the surface of the insulating shield when the cable is under high load; the cable also has water-absorbing expansion performance, when water permeates from the end of the cable or the defects of the aluminum sheath, the water-blocking powder in the water-blocking buffer layer rapidly expands after absorbing water, the space at the lower part of the aluminum sheath is filled, and the water is prevented from longitudinally diffusing along the cable, so that the aim of blocking water is fulfilled. Due to the corrugated structure of the aluminum sheath, the contact state with the water-blocking buffer layer after the cable is laid and in actual operation will be different at various positions, and this will have adverse effects on the performance of the cable.
The national standard of the existing high-voltage cable in China provides relevant regulations for the water-blocking buffer layer, but qualitative requirements are mainly carried out on the system performance of the water-blocking buffer layer from the perspective of the overall function of the cable, and quantitative indexes corresponding to special performance parameters are lacked. Most cable manufacturers in China continue to use foreign cable design modes, the specific requirements on the design of the water-blocking buffer layer are not known, the quality requirements of water-blocking buffer strips are not clear when the water-blocking buffer strips are purchased from foreign manufacturers, the control process is not strict, and the product difference among different manufacturers is large; also, it is not uncommon for manufacturers to use inexpensive tapes to be less than adequate for reasons of low price competition.
In recent years, the domestic electric power operation department finds the discharge ablation phenomenon of the water-blocking buffer layer in a high-voltage cable line for many times and the breakdown fault of a cable body caused by the discharge ablation phenomenon, thereby arousing general attention in the industry and causing a hot trend of a round of research.
Currently, the industry has proposed three possible reasons for ablation of cable water-blocking buffer layers: short-circuit current flows through the aluminum corrugated scald; the circulation current existing in the running process of the cable causes the aluminum corrugation to generate heat, and burns the water-blocking buffer layer; partial discharge occurs at the wave trough of the cable insulation shielding layer and the aluminum sheath, and the water blocking buffer layer is burnt. Aiming at the three conjectures, researchers carry out electric field simulation and simulation experiment research on the corrugated aluminum sheath structure, and prove that the water blocking buffer strip has overlarge resistivity, poor contact with the aluminum sheath and the like from different angles, which may cause local electric field distortion and cause local discharge. However, these studies are more focused on qualitative analysis, have a large degree of guess components, and neither effectively correspond to the structural characteristics of the corrugated aluminum sheath part in the actual cable, nor show the basic process of the occurrence and development of the ablation phenomenon of the water-blocking buffer layer, so that the theoretical systematicness and engineering guidance are lacked.
In order to explore the root cause of the ablation phenomenon of the water-blocking buffer layer in the high-voltage cable, reproduce the whole generation and development processes of the ablation phenomenon, and determine related influence factors and failure mechanisms, a water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system which corresponds to the actual structure of the cable, is easy to process, is convenient to test and can realize condition control and whole-process observation needs to be established.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reflect the structural characteristics of the high-voltage cable and the contact characteristics of the corrugated aluminum sheath and the water-blocking buffer layer as truly as possible and reproduce the basic process of the ablation phenomenon of the water-blocking buffer layer under the actual operation condition of the cable, the invention aims to provide a simulation test system and a simulation test method for the structure of the water-blocking buffer layer of the cable, the contact state and the environmental humidity of which can be freely adjusted, the system effectively restores the structural characteristics of the corrugated aluminum sheath and the water-blocking buffer layer in the high-voltage cable, better simulates the real working state of the water-blocking buffer layer under the actual cable running condition through the adjustment of external voltage and current, electrode position, pressure and environmental humidity, and real-time monitoring of voltage, current, temperature, humidity and the like and whole-course shooting recording of a tested sample part are beneficial to exploring and analyzing the root cause and the damage mechanism of the ablation of the water blocking buffer layer.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity comprises a bottomless test box body 1, wherein a ventilation opening 2 is formed in the top surface of the bottomless test box body 1, a partition 3 and a glass partition 4 are arranged inside the bottomless test box body 1, and the bottomless test box body 1 is divided into a monitoring area A, a test area B and a control area C by the partition 3 and the glass partition 4; the box door 5 is arranged on the front side of the bottomless test box body 1; the monitoring area A is provided with a camera 10, and a power line penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body and is connected to an alternating current 220V power supply to supply power to the camera 10; an ablation platform 11 is arranged in the middle of the test area B, humidifiers 6 are respectively arranged at four corners in the test area B, electric fans 7 are arranged between the humidifiers 6, and a charger 8 is arranged at a position close to the partition 3; a plc controller 9 is arranged in the control area C, and a power line penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body to be connected to an alternating current 220V power supply to supply power to the plc controller 9; the plc controller data wire passes through the side wall of the bottomless test box body and is connected to the external computer 25; the data lines of the humidifier 6 and the electric fan 7 in the test area are connected to the plc controller 9 through the partition 3.
The ablation platform 11 comprises an epoxy bracket 12, and a ground electrode and a plurality of groups of high-voltage electrode devices which are arranged on the epoxy bracket 12; the ground electrode 16 is fixed at the bottom of the epoxy support 12, a test sample 15 is placed on the ground electrode 16, the grounding terminal 24 of the ground electrode 16 extends out of the epoxy support 12, the electrode rod 19 of each group of high-voltage electrode device is welded with the high-voltage electrode 13, the high-voltage electrode 13 is placed on the test sample 15, and the electrode rod 19 is connected to the top of the epoxy support 12 through a bolt 22; the bolt 22 is provided with a jackscrew 21 to keep the gap distance between the high-voltage electrode 13 and the sample 15 unchanged, so that the gap distance between the high-voltage electrode 13 and the sample 15 can be adjusted; the part of the electrode rod 19, which is positioned outside the epoxy bracket 12, is penetrated with a weight block 20, and the pressure exerted on the sample 15 by the high-voltage electrode 13 is adjusted by adjusting the number of the weight blocks 20; the high-voltage electrodes 13 of each group of high-voltage electrode devices are connected through leads 14, and the top of the electrode rod 19 of one group of high-voltage electrode devices is connected with a high-voltage terminal 23; the high-voltage electrode 13 is arc-shaped; the sample 15 is formed by stacking a water-blocking buffer layer and a shielding layer of a high-voltage cable, wherein the water-blocking buffer layer is in contact with the high-voltage electrode 13, and the shielding layer is in contact with the ground electrode 16; a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged on the epoxy bracket 12, and data lines of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are connected to the plc controller 9 through the partition 3;
the high-voltage terminal 23 penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body 1 and is sequentially connected with an alternating current ammeter 26, a circuit breaker 28, an alternating current power supply 29 and a grounding terminal 24 through a high-voltage lead; an ac voltmeter 27 is connected in parallel across the high voltage terminal 23 and the ground terminal 24.
As a further improvement and supplement to the above technical solutions, the present invention also includes the following additional technical features.
The glass partition 4 is made of transparent glass, so that the camera 10 can monitor and shoot the ablation condition of the water buffer layer in the test area B in real time conveniently.
The AC voltmeter 27 can display the voltage values at the two ends of the ablation platform in real time.
The ac ammeter 26 is capable of displaying the main loop current value in real time.
The breaker 28 can act according to the current condition of the ablation platform, after the water-blocking buffer layer on the ablation platform is ablated, the high-voltage electrode 13 and the ground electrode 16 are in short circuit, large current flows, and the breaker 28 is powered off at the moment so as to check the ablation condition of the water-blocking buffer layer for ensuring the safety of the test.
The epoxy bracket 12 is made of an epoxy material with excellent mechanical, heat-resistant and insulating properties, so that the safety of the test platform is effectively ensured.
The high-voltage electrode 13 and the high-voltage cable aluminum sheath are made of the same metal material, so that the high-voltage cable aluminum sheath is better close to the engineering practice; preferably, the high voltage electrode 13 is made of electrical aluminum 1060.
The arc-shaped inner diameter of the high-voltage electrode 13 is 10mm, the outer diameter is 14mm, the central angle is 180 degrees, the thickness is 2mm, and the arc-shaped inner diameter corresponds to the corrugated aluminum sheath structure in the high-voltage cable, so that the main characteristics of the high-voltage cable are reflected.
The humidifier 6 is small in size, is provided with a water storage device, and avoids the defect that a traditional water tank occupies a large area.
The volume of the electric fan 7 is 0.01m3To 0.02m3The volume is small, the wind power is large, and the defects of large occupied area and high energy consumption of the traditional fan are avoided.
According to the testing method of the cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with the adjustable contact state and humidity, a tester sets target humidity through an external computer 25, a humidity sensor collects humidity data and transmits the humidity data to a plc controller 9, when the humidity is lower than a set value, the tester closes a vent 2, gas exchange between a bottomless test box body 1 and the outside is interrupted, the plc controller 9 starts all humidifiers 6, and the humidity of a test area B is improved by evaporating water in the humidifiers; when the humidity is higher than a set value, a tester opens the vent 2, the gas exchange between the bottomless test box body 1 and the outside is recovered, and the plc controller 9 controls the electric fan 7 to be opened and the humidifier 6 to be closed so as to reduce the humidity of the test area; the plc controller 9 is externally connected with a display screen of a computer 25 to display the temperature and the humidity of the test area in real time; if the test is carried out in a non-contact state, the electrode rod 19 is fixed at different positions through the jackscrews 21, and the distance between the high-voltage electrode 13 and the sample 15 is controlled to be 0-2 mm; if the test is carried out in a contact state, the jackscrew 21 is screwed out, the electrode rod 19 naturally droops, the lower surface of the high-voltage electrode 13 is in contact with the upper surface of the sample 15, and 0-4 weight blocks 20 are placed on the electrode rod 19 to adjust the pressure applied to the sample 15 to be 0-30N; the output voltage of the ac power supply 29 is adjusted so that the reading to the ac current meter 26 or the ac voltmeter 27 is a predetermined value, i.e. a simulated ablation test is started and the ablation process and parameter changes are recorded.
The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity at least has the following advantages:
the test system is a brand new system which does not exist in the prior art, and comprises a test area, a control area and a monitoring area, wherein the test area is used for applying voltage or current to a sample, applying different humidity and adjusting the contact state and pressure between an electrode and the surface of the sample so as to carry out a system test; the control area is used for controlling the test conditions and the process in real time; the monitoring area realizes the whole-course monitoring of the test process. The system covers all elements of simulation test research of the cable water-blocking buffer layer structure, namely voltage or current, humidity, contact state and pressure, integrates all related influence factors into one test system, and is clear in function partition, reasonable in design and layout, small in occupied space and convenient to operate; by utilizing the group design of the high-voltage electrodes in the system, a plurality of samples can be tested simultaneously under different contact states and pressures, the test procedure is greatly simplified, the test time is shortened, and the comparability of test results is improved. Through the effective combination of the real-time monitoring system and the control system, the controllability, the safety and the full record of the test process are ensured, and comprehensive and real information is provided for corresponding research.
The circuit breaker selected by the test system can connect and break short-circuit current, when faults such as overcurrent and short circuit occur in the branch of the ablation platform, the circuit can be automatically cut off to play a role in protection, and after the faults are cut off, the circuit can be manually reset without replacing devices, so that a tester can conveniently continue to test after clearing the faults; the ablation platform bracket is made of epoxy resin material, so that the safety of the experimental platform is effectively ensured; the ablation platform high-voltage electrode adopts electrical aluminum 1060, and is made of the same metal material as the high-voltage cable aluminum sheath, so that the ablation platform is better close to the engineering practice; the electrode is in a specially-made arc shape, the inner diameter is 10mm, the outer diameter is 14mm, the central angle is 180 degrees, the thickness is 2mm, and the electrode corresponds to the corrugated aluminum sheath structure in the high-voltage cable, so that the main characteristics of the high-voltage cable are reflected; the distance between the high-voltage electrode and the sample can be adjusted at will between 0 and 2mm by adjusting the position of the electrode rod; under the condition that the high-voltage electrode is in contact with the sample, the contact pressure can be changed between 0N and 30N by adjusting the weight block; the external voltage or current can be adjusted in type, amplitude, frequency, waveform and the like according to needs, so that system research can be developed; the camera can freely rotate up, down, left and right, the horizontal visual angle of the camera is 360 degrees, the vertical visual angle is 115 degrees, the shooting dead angle is reduced to the maximum extent, and each corner of the panoramic monitoring ablation platform is realized; the humidifier is small in size and provided with a water storage device, so that the defect that the traditional water tank occupies a large area is overcome; the electric fan is small in size and large in wind power, and the defects of large occupied area and high energy consumption of a traditional fan are overcome.
The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with freely adjustable contact state and environmental humidity effectively restores the structural characteristics of a corrugated aluminum sheath and a water-blocking buffer layer in a high-voltage cable under the cooperation of various preferred embodiments, better simulates the real working state of the water-blocking buffer layer under the actual cable running condition through the adjustment of external voltage and current, electrode position, pressure and environmental humidity, and is beneficial to exploring the root cause and damage mechanism of the ablation of the water-blocking buffer layer through the real-time monitoring of the voltage, the current, the temperature, the humidity and the like and the whole-process shooting record of a sample part. The existing constant temperature and humidity box contains equipment such as a water tank, a fan and the like, is large in size and high in energy consumption, and is inconvenient for a high-voltage cable ablation simulation test; the existing heat-preservation and moisture-preservation box can only keep a certain temperature and humidity unchanged, and cannot realize dynamic regulation. The invention realizes real-time monitoring of environmental temperature and dynamic adjustment of humidity under the condition of meeting the actual ablation test of the high-voltage cable, thereby meeting the test requirement and saving area and cost; the ablation platform simulates the actual structure of the aluminum sheath part of the cable, so that the actual structure is reasonably simplified, the gap distance between the electrode and the sample, the number of contact points, different contact pressures of the electrode on the sample and the like can be adjusted, the system reflects different contact conditions of the corrugated aluminum sheath of the high-voltage cable and the water-blocking buffer layer on the interface, and the system has important significance for the development of related researches.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a high-voltage crosslinked polyethylene insulated cable, wherein fig. 1(a) is a radial view and fig. 1(b) is an axial view.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulated ablation test box for a water-blocking buffer layer.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a simulated ablation test box for a water-blocking buffer layer.
FIG. 4 is a top view of a simulated ablation test box for a water-blocking buffer layer.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an external circuit of the ablation platform.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an ablation platform structure.
Fig. 7 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the arc-shaped electrode.
In the figure: a-a monitoring area; b-test area; c-a control zone; 1-bottomless test box body; 2-a vent; 3-separating the gear; 4-glass partition; 5-a box door; 6, a humidifier; 7-an electric fan; 8-charger baby; 9-plc controller; 11-an ablation stage; 12-epoxy scaffolds; 13-a high voltage electrode; 14-a wire; 15-sample; 16-a ground electrode; 17-sensor placement points; 18-bolt; 19-electrode rod; 20-heavy pieces; 21-top thread; 22-bolt; 23-a high voltage terminal; 24-a ground terminal; 25-external computer; 26-alternating current ammeter; 27-alternating current voltmeter; 28-a circuit breaker; 29-ac power supply.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with freely adjustable contact state and environmental humidity comprises a bottomless test box body 1 as shown in figure 2, and an external circuit as shown in figure 5; as shown in fig. 2, the bottomless test box 1 is divided into a monitoring area a for monitoring the ablation progress of the water-blocking buffer layer in real time, a test area B for performing the ablation of the water-blocking buffer layer, and a control area C for controlling the humidity and monitoring the temperature of the test area; the top surface of the bottomless test box body 1 is provided with a vent 2 so as to facilitate gas exchange between the box body and the external environment; as shown in fig. 3, a box door 5 is arranged on the front surface of the test box body so that a tester can replace a test sample; as shown in fig. 4, a camera 10 is placed in the monitoring area a, and a power line passes through the side wall of the box body and is connected to an alternating current 220V power supply to supply power to the camera 10; as shown in fig. 4, humidifiers 6 are respectively placed at four corners of the test area B, power lines of the humidifiers are connected to the power bank 8, and data lines of the humidifiers penetrate through the partition 3 and are connected to the plc controller 9; an electric fan 7 is arranged between the humidifiers, an electric fan power line is connected to a charger baby 8, and an electric fan data line penetrates through the partition 7 and is connected to a plc controller 9; a charger baby 8 is arranged near the partition 7 to supply power to the humidifier 6 and the electric fan 7; the control area C is provided with a plc controller 9, and a power line of the plc controller 9 penetrates through the side wall of the box body to be connected to an alternating current 220V power supply to supply power to the plc controller 9; the plc controller 9 data line is connected to the external computer 25 through the side wall of the cabinet. As shown in the structural schematic diagram of the ablation platform of fig. 6, the ablation platform 11 includes an epoxy support 12, and a ground electrode and multiple sets of high-voltage electrode devices disposed on the epoxy support 12; the ground electrode 16 is fixed at the bottom of the epoxy support 12, a test sample 15 is placed on the ground electrode 16, the grounding terminal 24 of the ground electrode 16 extends out of the epoxy support 12, the electrode rod 19 of each group of high-voltage electrode device is welded with the high-voltage electrode 13, the high-voltage electrode 13 is placed on the test sample 15, and the electrode rod 19 is connected to the top of the epoxy support 12 through a bolt 22; the bolt 22 is provided with a jackscrew 21, the electrode rod 19 is moved to a preset position, and the jackscrew 21 is adjusted to tightly prop against the electrode rod 19 to fix the electrode rod 19, so that the gap distance between the high-voltage electrode 13 and the sample 15 can be kept unchanged, and the gap distance between the high-voltage electrode and the sample can be adjusted (the distance is 0-2 mm); the electrode rod 19 is provided with a thread, the middle of the weight block 20 is perforated and provided with a thread, so that the weight block 20 can be arranged on the electrode rod 19 in a screwing mode; loosening the jackscrew 21 to enable the high-voltage electrode to be in contact with the sample, and adjusting the number of the weight blocks 20 to adjust the pressure (the contact pressure is 0-30N) exerted on the sample by the high-voltage electrode 13; the high-voltage electrodes 13 of each group of high-voltage electrode devices are connected through leads 14; as shown in fig. 7, the high voltage electrode 13 is shaped as a specially made arc, with an inner diameter of 10mm, an outer diameter of 14mm, a central angle of 180 ° and a thickness of 2 mm; the sample 15 is formed by stacking a water-blocking buffer layer and a shielding layer, wherein the water-blocking buffer layer is in contact with the high-voltage electrode 13, and the shielding layer is in contact with the ground electrode 16; two sensor placement points 17 on the epoxy bracket 12 are placed with one temperature sensor and one humidity sensor respectively, and the data lines of the sensors are connected to the plc controller 9 through the partition 3. An external circuit diagram of the ablation platform is shown in fig. 5, the ablation platform 11 is placed in the middle of the test area, and the high-voltage terminal 23 penetrates through the side wall of the box body and is sequentially connected with an alternating current ammeter 26, a circuit breaker 28, an alternating current power supply 29 and a grounding terminal 24 through a high-voltage lead; an ac voltmeter 27 is connected in parallel across the high-voltage terminal 23 and the ground terminal 24.
The testing method of the cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation testing system with the adjustable contact state and humidity can monitor the environment temperature and adjust the environment humidity in real time, a tester sets the target humidity through an external computer 25, a humidity sensor collects humidity data and transmits the humidity data to a plc controller 9, when the humidity is lower than a set value, the tester closes a vent 2, gas exchange between a bottomless testing box body 1 and the outside is interrupted, the plc controller 9 starts all humidifiers 6, and the humidity of a testing area B is improved by evaporating water in the humidifiers; when the humidity is higher than a set value, a tester opens the vent 2, the gas exchange between the bottomless test box body 1 and the outside is recovered, and the plc controller 9 controls the electric fan 7 to be opened and the humidifier 6 to be closed so as to reduce the humidity of the test area; the plc is externally connected with a display screen of a computer 25 to display the temperature and the humidity of the test area in real time; the humidity adjustable range is 20% -90%, and the precision is 1%; through multi-electrode arrangement, various possible contact conditions of a corrugated aluminum sheath and a water-blocking buffer layer in the actual high-voltage cable running process can be effectively simulated, the wave trough of the aluminum sheath is completely or partially contacted with the water-blocking buffer layer through adjustment of a jackscrew 21, and air gaps (the distance is 0-2 mm) exist in part of the wave trough of the aluminum sheath, and the wave trough of the aluminum sheath is contacted with the water-blocking buffer layer through adjustment of the number of weight blocks 20, but the pressure is different (the contact pressure is 0-30N); different voltages and currents can be applied to carry out ablation simulation test on the water-blocking buffer layer structure, and the ablation process and parameter changes are recorded; the test system structure of the insulation shielding layer, the water blocking buffer layer and the arc-shaped aluminum electrode completely corresponds to an actual cable structure, is easy to build, and is simple to operate, small in occupied area and low in cost.
The present invention is described in more detail below with reference to specific operating procedures.
The test system related by the invention is used for carrying out an applied voltage test on a high-voltage cable water-blocking buffer layer sample under the environment of room temperature and humidity of 40 percent and under different pressures, and a camera is used for observing and recording the ablation condition of the sample in real time, and the test system comprises the following steps:
a. placing an insulating shielding layer on the ground electrode 16, placing a water-blocking buffer layer sample on the insulating shielding layer, and connecting the high-voltage electrode 13 by using a lead 14;
b. in the embodiment, five groups of high-voltage electrode devices are provided, a jackscrew 21 is loosened in the first group of high-voltage electrode devices, so that an electrode rod 19 moves downwards, a high-voltage electrode 13 is in contact with a water-blocking buffer layer sample, and a heavy object is not placed on the electrode rod 19; loosening a jackscrew 21 in the second group of high-voltage electrode devices to enable an electrode rod 19 to move downwards, enabling a high-voltage electrode 13 to be in contact with a sample 15, and placing a heavy object block 20 on the electrode rod 19; loosening a jackscrew 21 in a third group of high-voltage electrode devices to enable an electrode rod 19 to move downwards, enabling a high-voltage electrode 13 to be in contact with a water-blocking buffer layer sample, and placing two heavy object blocks 20 on the electrode rod 19; loosening a jackscrew 21 in a fourth group of high-voltage electrode devices to enable an electrode rod 19 to move downwards, enabling a high-voltage electrode 13 to be in contact with a sample 15, and placing three heavy object blocks 20 on the electrode rod 19; loosening a jackscrew 21 in a fifth group of high-voltage electrode devices to enable an electrode rod 19 to move downwards, enabling a high-voltage electrode 13 to be in contact with a water-blocking buffer layer sample, and placing four heavy blocks 20 on the electrode rod 19;
c. a power line of the camera 10 penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body 1 to be connected to an alternating current 220V power supply; connecting a power line of a plc controller 9 to an alternating current 220V power supply through the side wall of the bottomless test box body 1;
d. the power cord of the humidifier 6 is connected to the power bank 8, and the data cord is connected to the plc controller 9 through the partition 3; the power cord of the electric fan 7 is connected to the charger 8, and the data line passes through the partition 3 and is connected to the plc controller 9; data lines of a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor of the sensor placement point 17 are connected to the plc controller 9 through the partition 3; the plc controller data wire penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body 1 and is connected to an external computer 25;
e. after the whole installation and the line connection of the test system are completed, the target environment humidity is set to be 40% through the external computer 25, the external computer output display screen is observed, when the humidity reading is stabilized at 40%, a tester records the humidity and the temperature, the electrode grounding terminal 24 is connected with the ground wire, the alternating voltage is applied to the high-voltage terminal 23, and the water-blocking buffer layer ablation test is started.
The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made therein should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a contact condition and humidity adjustable cable buffer layer structure analogue test system that blocks water, includes no end test box (1), its characterized in that: the top surface of the bottomless test box body (1) is provided with a vent (2), a partition (3) and a glass partition (4) are arranged in the bottomless test box body (1), and the bottomless test box body (1) is divided into a monitoring area (A), a test area (B) and a control area (C) by the partition (3) and the glass partition (4); the box door (5) is arranged on the front side of the bottomless test box body (1); a camera (10) is placed in the monitoring area (A), and a power line penetrates through the side wall of the box body and is connected to a power supply to supply power to the camera (10); an ablation platform (11) is arranged in the middle of the test area (B), humidifiers (6) are respectively arranged at four corners in the test area (B), an electric fan (7) is arranged between the humidifiers (6), and a charger (8) is arranged at a position close to the partition (3); the control area (C) is provided with a plc controller (9), and a power line penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body and is connected to a power supply to supply power to the plc controller (9); the plc controller data wire penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body and is connected to an external computer (25); data lines of a humidifier (6) and an electric fan (7) in the test area penetrate through the partition (3) and are connected to the plc controller (9);
the ablation platform (11) comprises an epoxy bracket (12), and a ground electrode (16) and a plurality of groups of high-voltage electrode devices which are arranged on the epoxy bracket (12); the ground electrode (16) is fixed at the bottom of the epoxy support (12), the ground electrode (16) is used for placing a test sample (15), a grounding terminal (24) of the ground electrode (16) extends out of the epoxy support (12), an electrode rod (19) of each group of high-voltage electrode device is welded with the high-voltage electrode (13), the high-voltage electrode (13) is arranged on the test sample (15), and the electrode rod (19) is connected to the top of the epoxy support (12) through a bolt (22); a jackscrew (21) which can adjust and fix the gap distance between the high-voltage electrode (13) and the sample (15) is arranged on the bolt (22); the part of the electrode rod (19) positioned outside the epoxy bracket (12) is penetrated with a plurality of adjustable heavy blocks (20) for adjusting the pressure exerted on the sample (15) by the high-voltage electrode (13); the high-voltage electrodes (13) of each group of high-voltage electrode devices are connected through a lead (14), and the top of an electrode rod (19) of one group of high-voltage electrode devices is connected with a high-voltage terminal (23); the shape of the high-voltage electrode (13) is arc; the high-voltage electrode (13) is in contact with the water-blocking buffer layer of the sample (15), and the ground electrode (16) is in contact with the shielding layer of the sample (15); a temperature sensor and a humidity sensor are arranged on the epoxy bracket (12), and data lines of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor are connected to the plc controller (9) through the partition (3);
the high-voltage terminal (23) penetrates through the side wall of the bottomless test box body (1) and is sequentially connected with an alternating current ammeter (26), a circuit breaker (28), an alternating current power supply (29) and a grounding terminal (24) through a high-voltage lead; an alternating current voltmeter (27) is connected in parallel at two ends of the high-voltage terminal (23) and the grounding terminal (24).
2. The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity according to claim 1, wherein: the camera (10) adopts a double-shaft double-motor cantilever-free design, a 115-DEG C vertical visual angle and a 360-DEG C panoramic video.
3. The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity according to claim 1, wherein: the glass barrier (4) is made of transparent glass.
4. The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity according to claim 1, wherein: the high-voltage electrode (13) and the high-voltage cable aluminum sheath are made of the same metal material.
5. The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity according to claim 1, wherein: the arc-shaped inner diameter of the high-voltage electrode (13) is 10mm, the outer diameter of the high-voltage electrode is 14mm, the central angle of the high-voltage electrode is 180 degrees, and the thickness of the high-voltage electrode is 2 mm.
6. The cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation test system with adjustable contact state and humidity according to claim 1, wherein: the volume of the humidifier (6) is 0.01m3To 0.02m3And a water storage device is arranged.
7. The testing method of the cable water-blocking buffer layer structure simulation testing system with adjustable contact state and humidity according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the testing method comprises the following steps: a tester sets target humidity through an external computer (25), a humidity sensor collects humidity data and transmits the humidity data to a plc controller (9), when the humidity is lower than a set value, the tester closes a vent (2), gas exchange between a bottomless test box body (1) and the outside is interrupted, the plc controller (9) starts all humidifiers (6), and the humidity of a test area (B) is improved by evaporating water in the humidifiers; when the humidity is higher than a set value, a tester opens the vent (2), the gas exchange between the bottomless test box body (1) and the outside is recovered, and the plc controller (9) controls to open the electric fan (7) and close the humidifier (6) so as to reduce the humidity of the experimental area; the plc controller (9) is externally connected with a display screen of a computer (25) to display the temperature and the humidity of the test area in real time; if the test is carried out in a non-contact state, fixing the electrode rod (19) at different positions through a jackscrew (21), and controlling the distance between the high-voltage electrode (13) and the sample (15) to be 0-2 mm; if the test is carried out in a contact state, the jackscrew (21) is screwed out, the electrode rod (19) naturally sags, the lower surface of the high-voltage electrode (13) is in contact with the upper surface of the sample (15), and 0-4 heavy blocks (20) are placed on the electrode rod (19) to adjust the pressure applied to the sample (15) to be 0-30N; regulating the output voltage of the AC power supply (29) until the reading of the AC ammeter (26) or the AC voltmeter (27) is a preset value, starting the simulation ablation test, and recording the ablation process and the parameter change.
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| CN111830346A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-27 | 华南理工大学 | Power cable water inflow evaluation test method based on pressure detection |
| CN111830378A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-27 | 四川大学 | Rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method |
| CN111929544A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-13 | 四川大学 | Cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method with adjustable current and surface pressure |
| CN112268840A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-26 | 山东电力研究院 | Test device and method for testing anti-wettability of coating |
| CN112782526A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for screening ablation hidden danger cable sections of buffer layer based on inner surface area of corrugated sheath |
| CN113405967A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-17 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental device and experimental method for water blocking and ablation characteristics of high-voltage cable buffer layer material |
| CN113791170A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-14 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111830346A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2020-10-27 | 华南理工大学 | Power cable water inflow evaluation test method based on pressure detection |
| CN111830378A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-10-27 | 四川大学 | Rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method |
| CN111929544A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-13 | 四川大学 | Cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method with adjustable current and surface pressure |
| CN111929544B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-05-07 | 四川大学 | Cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method with adjustable current and surface pressure |
| CN111830378B (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2021-05-07 | 四川大学 | Rotary stepping type cable buffer layer ablation fault simulation device and method |
| CN112268840A (en) * | 2020-11-05 | 2021-01-26 | 山东电力研究院 | Test device and method for testing anti-wettability of coating |
| CN112782526A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method for screening ablation hidden danger cable sections of buffer layer based on inner surface area of corrugated sheath |
| CN113405967A (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-09-17 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Experimental device and experimental method for water blocking and ablation characteristics of high-voltage cable buffer layer material |
| CN113405967B (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2023-09-19 | 国网安徽省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | High-voltage cable buffer layer material water-blocking and ablation characteristic experimental device and method |
| CN113791170A (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2021-12-14 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Cable buffer layer ablation transfer characteristic simulation device and method |
| CN113791170B (en) * | 2021-09-07 | 2023-11-03 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Device and method for simulating ablation transfer characteristics of cable buffer layer |
| CN114299798A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-08 | 国网北京市电力公司 | True type cable fault simulation system |
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