CN111829985A - Bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography device and imaging method - Google Patents
Bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography device and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a bimodulus full field optical coherence tomography device, includes low coherent light source, the output of low coherent light source be connected with beam splitter BS, the one end of beam splitter BS be connected with area array CCD detector through imaging Lens, the other end of beam splitter BS be connected with piezoceramics PZT through objective MO, objective MO is the reference mirror, objective MO set up on the reference arm, the output of reference arm is provided with the sample arm, the arrangement has the sample on the sample arm. The phase difference between the reference arm and the sample arm is kept unchanged, coherent images are continuously acquired and are subjected to standard deviation calculation to obtain coherent images of the weak scattering characteristic structure, and then the coherent images are fused into a full-field optical coherence tomography image, so that submicron-order coherent imaging can be performed on the strong scattering characteristic and weak scattering characteristic structure in the sample in real time, the sample is not required to be subjected to slicing, dyeing, fluorescent labeling and other processing, and the method has a wide clinical application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical coherence tomography, in particular to a bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography device and an imaging method.
Background
Full Field Optical Coherence Tomography (FFOCT) was first proposed in 1998 by Dubois A, Vabre L, Bocara AC et al as a non-invasive and non-destructive micron-scale Optical Tomography technique that allows observation of the microstructure inside biological tissues, and has the characteristics of higher resolution and faster imaging compared to conventional OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography), and has great application prospects in the biomedical Field.
The full-field optical coherence tomography has good optical coherence tomography effect on collagen and fiber with strong scattering property in biological tissues, however, the structure with weak scattering property, such as dynamic change in cells, which provides the same important information in pathological diagnosis is difficult to observe.
Therefore, in order to make up for the defect that the existing full-field optical coherence tomography cannot image the structure with weak scattering characteristics, a bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography device needs to be designed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography device capable of performing submicron-order coherent imaging on structures with strong scattering characteristics and weak scattering characteristics in a sample in real time and an imaging method using the device.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a bimodulus full field optical coherence tomography device, includes low coherent light source, the output of low coherent light source be connected with beam splitter BS, one end of beam splitter BS be connected with area array CCD detector through imaging Lens, the other end of beam splitter BS be connected with piezoceramics PZT through objective MO, objective MO be the reference mirror, objective MO set up on the reference arm, the output of reference arm be provided with the sample arm, the sample arm on settle have the sample.
A bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography method comprises the following steps:
firstly, driving piezoelectric ceramic PZT, shifting the phase of a reference mirror, synchronously acquiring four coherent images by an area array CCD detector, and resolving by utilizing a four-step phase shifting algorithm to obtain a static full-field optical coherence tomography image I at a sample axial depth position DS；
Secondly, setting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT to be zero, keeping the phase difference between the reference arm and the sample arm unchanged, and continuously acquiring N coherent images I by the area array CCD detector within the time Tt1，It2……ItN；
Thirdly, calculating and obtaining dynamic change imaging I of the weak scattering structure at the axial depth position D of the sample by using a standard deviation algorithmD；
The fourth step, imaging the dynamic change IDMarked green and superimposed on the static full-field optical coherence tomography image ISAnd obtaining the bimodal full-field coherent tomography image at the axial depth position D of the sample.
Preferably, the calculation process of the four-step algorithm in the first step is as follows:
firstly, taking the coherent phase difference phi value as 0,
Pi and
collecting according to the selected coherent phase difference to obtain four coherent light intensity images respectively I (x, y; 0),
I (x, y; pi) and
wherein: x is the abscissa of the pixel point of the coherent light intensity image, y is the ordinate of the pixel point of the coherent light intensity image, and then each pixel position of the coherent light intensity image is scanned in sequence according to the positionFormula (II)
Calculating to obtain a static full-field optical coherence tomography image IS。
Preferably, the calculation formula of the standard deviation algorithm in the third step is
Wherein D (x, y) is the dynamic signal strength at the pixel point (x, y),<S(x,y)>for the mean value of the interference signal intensity, S (x, y, t), calculated from a small sample size of the M imagesi) Is the signal strength of the pixel point (x, y) at the N coherent images.
The invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the phase difference between the reference arm and the sample arm is kept unchanged, coherent images are continuously acquired and are subjected to standard deviation calculation to obtain coherent images of a weak scattering characteristic structure, and then the coherent images are fused into a full-field optical coherence tomography image, so that submicron-order coherent imaging can be performed on the strong scattering characteristic and weak scattering characteristic structures in the sample in real time, the sample is not required to be subjected to slicing, dyeing, fluorescent labeling and the like, frozen sections and paraffin sections with the defects of complex section making, low resolution and the like can be replaced, and the method has a wide clinical application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic step diagram of the bimodal full field optical coherence tomography method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "connected" to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may also be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
The embodiments of the invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in FIG. 1, the bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography apparatus of the present invention includes a low coherence light source, an output end of the low coherence light source is connected with a beam splitter BS, one end of the beam splitter BS is connected with an area array CCD detector through an imaging Lens, the other end of the beam splitter BS is connected with a piezoelectric ceramic PZT through an objective MO, the objective MO is a reference mirror, the objective MO is disposed on a reference arm, an output end of the reference arm is disposed with a sample arm, and a sample is disposed on the sample arm.
As shown in FIG. 2, the bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography method of the present invention includes the following steps:
firstly, driving piezoelectric ceramic PZT to shift the phase of the reference mirror, and detecting by planar array CCDThe device synchronously acquires four coherent images, and the static full-field optical coherence tomography image I at the axial depth position D of the sample is obtained by resolving through a four-step phase-shifting algorithmSThe calculation process of the four-step moving term algorithm is as follows:
firstly, taking the coherent phase difference phi value as 0,
Pi and
collecting according to the selected coherent phase difference to obtain four coherent light intensity images respectively I (x, y; 0),
I (x, y; pi) and
wherein: x is the abscissa of the pixel point of the coherent light intensity image, y is the ordinate of the pixel point of the coherent light intensity image, then each pixel position of the coherent light intensity image is scanned in sequence and according to the formula
Calculating to obtain a static full-field optical coherence tomography image IS；
Secondly, setting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT to be zero, keeping the phase difference between the reference arm and the sample arm unchanged, and continuously acquiring N coherent images I by the area array CCD detector within the time Tt1，It2……ItN；
Thirdly, calculating and obtaining dynamic change imaging I of the weak scattering structure at the axial depth position D of the sample by using a standard deviation algorithmDThe standard deviation algorithm formula is as follows:
wherein D (x, y) is at the pixelThe dynamic signal strength at point (x, y),<S(x,y)>for the mean value of the interference signal intensity, S (x, y, t), calculated from a small sample size of the M imagesi) Signal strength of pixel point (x, y) at N coherent images;
the fourth step, imaging the dynamic change IDMarked green and superimposed on the static full-field optical coherence tomography image ISAnd obtaining the bimodal full-field coherent tomography image at the axial depth position D of the sample.
Furthermore, the objective lens MO adopts the umplan FLN model of Olympus, the I/O driving control card used in the bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography device system adopts an NI6233 board card of NI, and the piezoelectric ceramic PZT adopts the PST150/7/20VS12 model of Piezomechanik.
Furthermore, the area array CCD detector is a silicon-based multi-channel array detector and can detect ultraviolet, visible and near infrared light. The sensor is a high-sensitivity semiconductor device and is suitable for analyzing weak Raman signals, and a CCD detector allows multi-channel operation (the whole spectrum can be detected in one collection), so the sensor is very suitable for detecting the Raman signals. CCD detectors are widely used, with CCD detectors being used as sensors in digital cameras, and higher-level CCD detectors being used in scientific spectrometers for better sensitivity, uniformity and noise characteristics. CCD detectors are typically one-dimensional (linear) or two-dimensional (planar) arrays consisting of thousands of individual detector elements (also called pixels). The more charge each element is exposed to light, the more intense the light is and the longer the time is, the more charge is generated. The final read-out electronics draws charge from the picture elements so that each charge is read out for measurement. In a common raman spectrometer, raman scattering is first dispersed by a diffraction grating and then projected onto a long axis of a CCD array, a first pixel detects a spectral low-wave-number start signal, a second pixel detects a next spectral position signal, and so on, and the last pixel will detect a spectral high-wave-number end signal. The CCD detector needs to be cooled to a lower temperature to acquire a high-quality spectrum, and two cooling modes are generally adopted, wherein one cooling mode is semiconductor refrigeration and can achieve the lowest temperature of-90 ℃, the other cooling mode is liquid nitrogen low-temperature refrigeration, and the lowest temperature can achieve-196 ℃.
Further, piezoelectric ceramics are information functional ceramic materials capable of converting mechanical energy and electrical energy to each other, and have dielectric properties, elasticity, and the like in addition to piezoelectric properties, and have been widely used in medical imaging, acoustic sensors, acoustic transducers, ultrasonic motors, and the like. The piezoelectric ceramic is manufactured by utilizing the piezoelectric effect that the material causes the relative displacement of the centers of positive and negative charges in the material to generate polarization under the action of mechanical stress, so that bound charges with opposite signs appear on the surfaces of two ends of the material, and has the sensitive characteristic, and the piezoelectric ceramic has the piezoelectric characteristic and is mainly different from a typical piezoelectric quartz crystal which does not contain ferroelectric components: in order to make the piezoelectric ceramic show macroscopic piezoelectric property, the piezoelectric ceramic must be fired and then placed under a strong direct current electric field after being repolarized on the end face, so that the respective polarization vectors of the original disordered orientations are preferentially oriented along the direction of the electric field, and the piezoelectric ceramic after being polarized can retain certain macroscopic residual polarization intensity after the electric field is cancelled, thereby leading the ceramic to have certain piezoelectric property.
In specific implementation, a reference mirror is subjected to phase shifting by adopting a piezoelectric ceramic PZT (piezoelectric ceramic) according to a white light low coherence interference principle, an optical path between the reference mirror and a sample mirror is changed, an interference signal is received by using an area array CCD (charge coupled device) detector, a strong scattering characteristic static two-dimensional chromatographic image at a certain depth position of a sample is obtained by computer processing, a phase is kept unchanged by controlling the piezoelectric ceramic PZT, the area array CCD detector continuously collects the interference signal, and a weak scattering characteristic dynamic two-dimensional chromatographic image at the same depth position of the sample is obtained by computer processing.
The phase difference between the reference arm and the sample arm is kept unchanged, coherent images are continuously acquired and are subjected to standard deviation calculation to obtain coherent images of a weak scattering characteristic structure, and then the coherent images are fused into a full-field optical coherence tomography image, so that submicron-order coherent imaging can be performed on the strong scattering characteristic and weak scattering characteristic structures in the sample in real time, the sample is not required to be subjected to slicing, dyeing, fluorescent labeling and the like, frozen sections and paraffin sections with the defects of complex section making, low resolution and the like can be replaced, and the method has a wide clinical application prospect.
It should be emphasized that the embodiments described herein are illustrative rather than restrictive, and thus the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described in the detailed description, but other embodiments derived from the technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A kind of bimodal whole field optical coherence tomography imaging device, characterized by that: the device comprises a low-coherence light source, wherein the output end of the low-coherence light source is connected with a beam splitter BS, one end of the beam splitter BS is connected with an area array CCD detector through an imaging Lens, the other end of the beam splitter BS is connected with a piezoelectric ceramic PZT through an objective MO, the objective MO is a reference mirror and is arranged on a reference arm, the output end of the reference arm is provided with a sample arm, and a sample is arranged on the sample arm.
2. A bimodal full-field optical coherence tomography method is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, driving piezoelectric ceramic PZT, shifting the phase of a reference mirror, synchronously acquiring four coherent images by an area array CCD detector, and resolving by utilizing a four-step phase shifting algorithm to obtain a static full-field optical coherence tomography image I at a sample axial depth position DS；
Secondly, setting the driving voltage of the piezoelectric ceramic PZT to be zero, keeping the phase difference between the reference arm and the sample arm unchanged, and continuously acquiring N coherent images I by the area array CCD detector within the time Tt1，It2……ItN；
Thirdly, calculating and obtaining the axial depth of the sample by using a standard deviation algorithmDynamic change imaging of weakly scattering structures at degree position D ID；
The fourth step, imaging the dynamic change IDMarked green and superimposed on the static full-field optical coherence tomography image ISAnd obtaining the bimodal full-field coherent tomography image at the axial depth position D of the sample.
3. The bi-modal full-field optical coherence tomography method of claim 2, wherein: the calculation process of the four-step algorithm in the first step is as follows:
firstly, taking the coherent phase difference phi value as 0,
Pi and
collecting according to the selected coherent phase difference to obtain four coherent light intensity images respectively I (x, y; 0),
I (x, y; pi) and
wherein: x is the abscissa of the pixel point of the coherent light intensity image, y is the ordinate of the pixel point of the coherent light intensity image, then each pixel position of the coherent light intensity image is scanned in sequence and according to the formula
Calculating to obtain a static full-field optical coherence tomography image IS。
4. The bi-modal full-field optical coherence tomography method of claim 2, wherein: the calculation formula of the standard deviation algorithm in the third step is
Wherein D (x, y) is the dynamic signal strength at the pixel point (x, y),<S(x,y)>for the mean value of the interference signal intensity, S (x, y, t), calculated from a small sample size of the M imagesi) Is the signal strength of the pixel point (x, y) at the N coherent images.
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