CN111829943B - Working method for simulating soil corrosion test device of grounding grid - Google Patents
Working method for simulating soil corrosion test device of grounding grid Download PDFInfo
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test device for simulating soil corrosion of a grounding grid and a working method thereof, which can effectively determine the corrosion rate of grounding grid materials under different soil environments by combining the service conditions of the grounding grid. The test device comprises a test box body, a temperature and humidity control and regulation system, a soil parameter monitoring system, a power supply and a grounding simulation device. The power supply and the grounding simulation device are connected with the test sample, so that the electrified state of the test sample under the service condition can be simulated, the accurate simulation of the grounding network environment is realized, the accuracy and the reliability of the soil corrosion test result of the grounding network material are improved, and effective data support is provided for evaluating and screening the corrosion resistance of the test sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power systems, in particular to a device and a method for simulating soil corrosion of a grounding grid.
Background
The grounding grid is an important device which is indispensable for ensuring the safety of personnel, equipment and systems and is used for working grounding, lightning protection grounding and protection grounding in a power system. The grounding grid can effectively prevent human body from electric shock, ensure safe operation of a power system and provide effective protection for insulation of circuits and electrical equipment.
In the maintenance of the grounding grid, the corrosion resistance of the grounding grid plays a crucial role in the stable operation of the transformer substation. The service life of the grounding grid is prolonged, and the stable operation of the transformer substation is ensured to be an important guarantee for the safe production and operation of the power transmission and transformation of the power system.
The power industry in China still keeps growing rapidly in the future 15-20 years, and a large number of ultra/extra high voltage power transmission and transformation systems are required to be built for realizing the national networking strategy of northwest power transmission and south-north interaction. As the voltage level increases, the transmission capacity is increased, so that the short-circuit current of the transformer substation is correspondingly increased, and the current of the transformer substation is increased to tens of kA from the past; the frequency of the current flowing through the grounding network is also very rich, and the current has not only power frequency fault current, but also high-frequency transient current of lightning stroke, operation and Very Fast Transient Overvoltage (VFTO);
in the evaluation of the soil corrosion test of the grounding grid material, the experimental method of the soil corrosion resistance of the grounding grid material is mainly divided into outdoor field burying and indoor accelerated corrosion experiments. The outdoor field burying is to embed a large number of test pieces in typical soil, then dig according to a certain burying period, and measure the weight loss rate and corrosion rate of the test pieces. The method is simple and easy to implement, and the observed surface morphology of the sample and the measured data can intuitively and truly reflect the corrosion resistance of the material, so that the method is widely used in early domestic and foreign soil corrosion research. However, the method has long experimental period, and can not accurately and timely obtain the corrosion details of the material in the soil and the corrosion dynamics information, so that the method can not meet the requirement of deep research on the corrosion of the material soil.
The indoor accelerated corrosion experiment is an experimental method for artificially controlling experimental conditions and simulating accelerated corrosion, and aims to judge the tendency of a material to generate certain corrosion in various soils in a short time.
In the prior art, the corrosion test and the acceleration test of the conventional metal materials in the simulated soil environment can be effectively realized, and the acceleration mode comprises the methods of improving the soil temperature, passing current in the soil or introducing galvanic couple and the like. However, the special service environment of the grounding grid, namely the design device mentioned in the current technical scheme, cannot meet the test of the soil corrosion environment of the grounding grid material. From the service conditions of the previous grounding grid, the grounding grid material is influenced by soil environment parameters (water content, temperature, humidity, pH value, oxygen content and the like) in soil, and an important working condition parameter is current passing through the grounding grid. During the service of the grounding grid, the grounding grid material can flow currents with different magnitudes and frequencies. This has a significant effect on the corrosion of the ground network. Therefore, in the simulation of the soil erosion test of the ground network, this important parameter needs to be introduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides the device and the method for simulating the soil corrosion of the grounding grid aiming at the service working condition characteristics of the grounding grid, so as to make up for the defects existing in the conventional soil corrosion simulation test device, and improve the accuracy and the reliability of the soil corrosion test of the grounding grid material.
The invention is realized by adopting the following scheme: the device comprises a test box body, a temperature and humidity control and regulation system, a soil parameter monitoring and regulation system, a power supply and a grounding simulation device; the temperature and humidity control and regulation system is used for regulating the humidity of soil
And temperature; the soil parameter monitoring system is used for monitoring soil parameters; a plurality of boxes are arranged in the box body
A container capable of holding test soil and samples; at the side around the box body and at a position higher than the loading position
The positions of the heights of the containers for testing soil and samples are provided with a plurality of holes for realizing ventilation; is arranged in the box body
In each container carrying soil and test specimen, at least two graphite plates are placed around parallel to the test specimen,
the graphite plate is connected with a laboratory grounding point through a lead; a wire outlet is arranged on the side surface of the container,
leading out a lead A connected with the sample and connecting the lead A with the positive electrode of a power supply; meanwhile, the negative electrode of the power supply is also connected with the grounding point of the laboratory.
Further, a method for simulating a soil corrosion test apparatus of a ground network, comprising the following steps of
The steps are as follows:
step S1: connecting any part of the sample with a wire A with an insulating sheath through welding or mechanical connection, and sealing the connecting part through resin or glue;
step S2: when the sample is placed in the soil, the lead A is led from the side outlet of the sample-loading container
The output electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply;
step S3: filling soil, and simultaneously placing graphite plates around the periphery parallel to the sample; simultaneously placing the temperature
A degree sensor, a humidity sensor, a soil parameter sensor, and an electrochemical sensor;
step S4: after filling, connecting the lead connected with the graphite plate with a laboratory grounding point;
step S5: when the test starts, regulating each control system to enable the soil environment parameter and the box environment parameter to meet the test requirement, and then regulating the power supply to enable the grounding grid material to pass a certain amount of current to meet the requirement of simulating the working condition of the grounding grid;
step S6: in the test process, monitoring soil parameters and environment parameters according to test requirements, and keeping stable current magnitude parameters passing through the sample;
step S7: cutting off a power supply after the test is finished according to the test requirement, taking out a sample container, and analyzing and detecting the sample according to the soil sample detection related standard; if the test is a staged test, the power supply connected with the sample to be taken out is disconnected, and then the test to be measured is taken out for detection and analysis.
Further, the power supply adopts a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply.
Further, the graphite sheet was used in a size of 180mm×50mm×4mm.
Further, a threaded hole is formed in the top end of the graphite plate, and the threaded hole is obtained by drilling and tapping the top end of the graphite plate.
Further, after the screw holes are obtained, the graphite plate is connected with the lead through the screw, then the connection part of the screw and the lead is closed by epoxy resin, and then the lead connected with the graphite plate is connected with a laboratory grounding point.
Further, the test sample is obtained from a production line of the grounding grid, and the grounding grid is made of 235 carbon steel or copper and galvanized steel.
Further, the shape of the grounding net is a lath shape or a cylinder shape.
Further, the sample size of the strip-like sample was 150mm×40mm×3mm, and the sample size of the cylinder sample was Φ20mm×150mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The invention not only meets the conventional soil environment parameter control system, but also designs a grounding grid current control system aiming at the service working condition characteristics of the grounding grid. The device provided by the invention can effectively simulate the service condition of the grounding network material, realizes the accurate simulation of the service environment of the grounding network, and greatly improves the reliability of the test result.
(2) The device is combined with the service working condition of the grounding grid, and the corrosion rate of the grounding grid material under different soil environments can be effectively measured according to the soil corrosion related standard.
(3) According to the invention, the power supply and the grounding device are introduced, so that the service condition of the grounding grid material in the soil environment can be effectively simulated by regulating and controlling, and the accuracy and reliability of the soil corrosion test of the grounding grid material are improved;
(4) The invention is provided with the direct current power supply and the alternating current power supply, can simulate the service working conditions of the grounding network under different power transmission service environments, and can conduct tests in a targeted manner.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is illustrative and is intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments in accordance with the present application. As used herein, the singular is also intended to include the plural unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and furthermore, it is to be understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" when used in this specification are taken to specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.
The embodiment provides a soil corrosion test device for simulating a grounding grid, which comprises a test box body, a temperature and humidity control and regulation system, a soil parameter monitoring and regulation system, a power supply and a grounding simulation device; the temperature and humidity control and regulation system is used for regulating the humidity and the temperature of the soil; the soil parameter monitoring system is used for monitoring soil parameters; a plurality of containers capable of loading test soil and samples are placed in the box body; the side surface around the box body is provided with a plurality of holes at the position higher than the container for loading test soil and samples, so as to realize ventilation; in each container for loading soil and sample in the box body, at least two graphite plates are placed around the container parallel to the sample, and the graphite plates pass through the guide
The wire is connected with a laboratory grounding point; a wire outlet is arranged on the side surface of the container, and a wire A connected with the sample is led out and connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; meanwhile, the cathode of the power supply is also connected with the experiment
The ground point of the chamber is connected.
In this embodiment, a method for simulating a soil erosion test apparatus for a ground network includes
The method comprises the following steps:
step S1: connecting any part of the sample with a wire A with an insulating sheath through welding or mechanical connection, and sealing the connecting part through resin or glue;
step S2: when the sample is placed in the soil, the lead A is led from the side outlet of the sample-loading container
The output electrode is connected with the positive electrode of the power supply;
step S3: filling soil, and simultaneously placing graphite plates around the periphery parallel to the sample; simultaneously placing the temperature
A degree sensor, a humidity sensor, a soil parameter sensor, and an electrochemical sensor;
step S4: after filling, connecting the lead connected with the graphite plate with a laboratory grounding point;
step S5: when the test starts, regulating each control system to enable the soil environment parameter and the box environment parameter to meet the test requirement, and then regulating the power supply to enable the grounding grid material to pass a certain amount of current to meet the requirement of simulating the working condition of the grounding grid;
step S6: in the test process, monitoring soil parameters and environment parameters according to test requirements, and keeping stable current magnitude parameters passing through the sample;
step S7: cutting off a power supply after the test is finished according to the test requirement, taking out a sample container, and analyzing and detecting the sample according to the soil sample detection related standard; if the test is a staged test, the power supply connected with the sample to be taken out is disconnected, and then the test to be measured is taken out for detection and analysis.
In this embodiment, the power supply adopts a dc power supply or an ac power supply.
In this example, the graphite sheet was 180mm by 50mm by 4mm in size.
In this embodiment, the top end of the graphite plate is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is obtained by drilling and tapping the top end of the graphite plate.
In this embodiment, the graphite plate is connected to the lead by a screw after the screw hole is obtained, the screw and lead connection portion is then closed with epoxy resin, and the lead connected to the graphite plate is then connected to the laboratory ground.
In this example, the coupon was taken from a grounded screen production line, the materials of which used include 235 carbon steel or copper and galvanized steel.
In this embodiment, the shape of the grounding grid is a lath shape or a cylinder shape.
In this example, the sample size of the strip was 150mm by 40mm by 3mm, and the sample size of the cylinder was Φ20mm by 150mm.
Preferably, in the embodiment, the device and the method for simulating the soil corrosion of the grounding grid material are designed according to the requirement of the soil corrosion test of the grounding grid material and the current situation of the current soil corrosion test device and method and by combining the service working condition of the grounding grid. On the basis of the conventional soil corrosion test device, a simulation device for simulating the grounding in the service working conditions of the grounding grid is added, and the simulation device comprises a power supply and the grounding device, so that the test can effectively simulate the service working conditions of the grounding grid. The device can truly reflect the corrosion characteristics of the grounding grid in the service working condition environment.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the test samples are tested and analyzed according to soil erosion related criteria.
Relevant criteria include, but are not limited to, the following criteria:
(1) ASTM G162-1999 (2004) Standard protocols for laboratory soil erosion tests.
(2) T/CSTM_ 00045.1-2018 soil erosion test_part 1 general.
(3) DL/T1554-2016, rules for evaluating the corrosiveness of soil in a grounding grid.
(4) GB/T19291-2003 general principles for corrosion testing of metals and alloys.
(5) GB/T16545-1996 removal of corrosion products from corrosion samples of metals and alloys.
(6) Preparation, cleaning and assessment of JB/T6074-92 corrosion samples.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the power supply includes two types, one is an ac power supply, and the frequency of the ac power supply is adjustable, so as to meet the frequency characteristic requirement of the ground network passing current, including the power frequency and other frequencies. The current and the voltage of the alternating current power supply are adjustable so as to meet the voltage and current requirements required by the working condition simulation of the grounding grid. The other is a direct current power supply to meet the parameter requirement of the analog grounding grid for passing current in a direct current power transmission and transformation environment.
Preferably, in this embodiment, in the preparation of the sample during the test, the sample may be appropriately sized and shaped according to the actual needs. In the present invention, it is required that a portion of the sample is connected to a wire A with an insulating sheath by welding or mechanical connection, and the connection portion is sealed with resin or glue to avoid galvanic corrosion. The surface treatment of the sample is performed according to relevant standards or requirements. When a sample is placed in the soil, the lead A is led out from the outlet of the side face of the container and is connected with the anode of the power supply. And then, the soil is filled, a graphite plate is placed around the periphery parallel to the sample, and sensors such as related temperature, humidity, soil parameters and the like, electrochemical sensors and the like are placed according to the requirements. And to ensure that the space used for the container is filled with test soil. After filling is completed, the lead wire connected to the graphite plate is connected to a laboratory ground.
Preferably, a specific example of the present embodiment is as follows:
the grounding grid material selected in the test of the embodiment is 235 carbon steel, samples are taken from the grounding grid production line, and the materials are two kinds of plate strips and cylinders. The sample size of the strip sample is 150mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 3mm, and the sample size of the cylinder sample is phi 20mm multiplied by 150mm. The sample is punched and tapped to obtain a threaded hole, the lead is connected with the sample through the screw, and then the junction of the screw and the lead is sealed through epoxy resin, so that galvanic corrosion is avoided. And then degreasing, cleaning and standby the sample.
The soil is selected from acid red soil typical in southeast areas of China, and is dried, crushed and screened according to the soil corrosion test requirements to obtain the test soil.
The graphite plate used in the test had dimensions of 180mm×50mm×4mm, and a screw hole was obtained by drilling and tapping the top end of the graphite plate, and a wire was connected to the graphite plate by a screw, and then the connection portion of the screw and the wire was closed with epoxy resin. Avoiding the corrosion of the screw and the lead. And then degreasing, cleaning and drying the graphite plate. And (5) standby application.
And taking a container in the test box, firstly spreading a certain amount of soil at the bottom, and then discharging the sample and the graphite plate, so that the sample and the graphite plate are vertically placed and kept at a certain distance. And 5 graphite plates are arranged on the cylindrical sample graphite plates in parallel with the axial direction of the sample, and two graphite plates are arranged on the lath-shaped sample in parallel with the working surfaces on the two sides of the sample, wherein the distance between the graphite plates and the sample is not less than 50mm. The leads of the sample and graphite plate are led out through the lead holes on the side of the container. And simultaneously placing a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a soil moisture content sensor and the like at proper positions, and filling all spaces of the container with soil.
The graphite plate lead is connected with a laboratory grounding point, the sample lead is respectively connected with the positive electrode of an alternating current power supply, and the negative electrode of the power supply is connected with the laboratory grounding point.
And the input ends of the temperature sensor, the humidity sensor, the soil moisture sensor and the like are respectively connected with a temperature and humidity measuring system and a soil moisture measuring system.
The temperature and humidity sensor, the soil moisture content and other links are started to control the regulating system, so that the soil environment meets the test requirement, then the power supply is started, the output current and the output voltage are regulated, the sample passes through the proper current and voltage, and the requirement of simulating the working condition of the grounding grid is met. The test is started. The test period is set according to the requirement. The test can be monitored and regulated by the current and power output by the power supply.
The embodiment fully considers the characteristic working condition parameters of the grounding current and the grounding voltage in the service working condition of the grounding network. The device of the embodiment can obtain a test result which is closer to the actual working condition of the grounding grid. Has higher accuracy and reliability.
Table 1 comparison of conventional simulation test and test results of the present apparatus
| Test method | Conventional soil simulation test | The device is tested |
| Corrosion rate, mm/a | 0.936 | 1.425 |
Test conditions:
the soil is Fujian acid red soil, and the test temperature is as follows: 30 ℃, sample: 235 carbon steel, soil moisture content: 15%, soil pH value: 5.8, natural air environment, test time: and 90 days. The current density of the sample passing through the device is 15mA/cm 2 . Conventional soil simulation tests do not pass alternating current. The sample removal method after the test is carried out according to GB/T16545-1996 for removing corrosion products on corrosion samples of metals and alloys, and the corrosion rate is obtained through weight loss measurement.
From test results, the corrosion speed of the sample is higher after the alternating current is introduced through the device, and is close to that under the actual working condition. The device can simulate the service state of the grounding grid better.
Preferably, the power supply and the grounding simulation device are connected with the test sample, so that the electrified state of the test sample under the service condition can be simulated, the accurate simulation of the grounding grid environment is realized, and the accuracy and the reliability of the soil corrosion test result of the grounding grid material are improved
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention, and all changes and modifications that come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (7)
1. The working method for simulating the soil corrosion test device of the grounding grid is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the device comprises a test box body, a temperature and humidity control and regulation system, a soil parameter monitoring and regulation system, a power supply and a grounding simulation device; the temperature and humidity control and regulation system is used for regulating the humidity and the temperature of the soil; the soil parameter monitoring system is used for monitoring soil parameters; a plurality of containers capable of loading test soil and samples are placed in the box body; the side surface around the box body is provided with a plurality of holes at the position higher than the container for loading test soil and samples, so as to realize ventilation; placing at least two graphite plates around the periphery parallel to the sample in each container for loading soil and the sample in the box body, wherein the graphite plates are connected with a laboratory grounding point through leads; a wire outlet is arranged on the side surface of the container, and a wire A connected with the sample is led out and connected with the positive electrode of the power supply; meanwhile, the negative electrode of the power supply is also connected with the grounding point of the laboratory;
the method comprises the following steps:
step S1: connecting any part of the sample with a wire A with an insulating sheath through welding or mechanical connection, and sealing the connecting part through resin or glue;
step S2: when a sample is placed in the soil, a lead A is led out from an outlet on the side face of the sample loading container and is connected with the anode of a power supply;
step S3: landfill soil, simultaneously put graphite plate around being parallel to the sample: for cylindrical samples and axial parallel placing graphite plates, for lath-shaped samples, placing graphite plates parallel to working surfaces on two sides of the samples; simultaneously placing a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a soil parameter sensor and an electrochemical sensor;
step S4: after filling, connecting the lead connected with the graphite plate with a laboratory grounding point;
step S5: when the test starts, regulating each control system to enable the soil environment parameter and the box environment parameter to meet the test requirement, and then regulating the power supply to enable the grounding grid material to pass a certain amount of current to meet the requirement of simulating the working condition of the grounding grid;
step S6: in the test process, monitoring soil parameters and environmental parameters according to test requirements, and keeping the current parameter passing through the sample stable;
step S7: cutting off a power supply after the test is finished according to the test requirement, taking out a sample container, and analyzing and detecting the sample according to the soil sample detection related standard; if the test is a staged test, the power supply connected with the sample to be taken out is disconnected, and then the test to be measured is taken out for detection and analysis.
2. The method for simulating soil erosion test equipment of a ground network of claim 1, wherein: the power supply adopts a direct current power supply or an alternating current power supply.
3. The method for simulating soil erosion test equipment of a ground network of claim 1, wherein: the graphite sheet employed was 180mm by 50mm by 4mm in size.
4. The method for simulating soil erosion test equipment of a ground network of claim 1, wherein: the top end of the graphite plate is provided with a threaded hole, and the threaded hole is obtained by drilling and tapping the top end of the graphite plate.
5. The method for simulating soil erosion test equipment of a ground network according to claim 4, wherein: after the threaded holes are obtained, the graphite plates are connected with the wires through screws, then the connection parts of the screws and the wires are closed by epoxy resin, and then the wires connected with the graphite plates are connected with a laboratory grounding point.
6. The method for simulating soil erosion test equipment of a ground network of claim 1, wherein: the test sample is obtained from a grounding grid production line, and the grounding grid is made of 235 carbon steel or copper or galvanized steel.
7. The method for simulating soil erosion test equipment of a ground network of claim 1, wherein: the sampling size of the strip-shaped sample is 150mm multiplied by 40mm multiplied by 3mm, and the sampling size of the cylinder sample is phi 20mm multiplied by 150mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010701578.5A CN111829943B (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2020-07-20 | Working method for simulating soil corrosion test device of grounding grid |
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| CN202010701578.5A CN111829943B (en) | 2020-07-20 | 2020-07-20 | Working method for simulating soil corrosion test device of grounding grid |
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| CN111829943A CN111829943A (en) | 2020-10-27 |
| CN111829943B true CN111829943B (en) | 2023-05-09 |
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| CN114184766B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-08-26 | 西南交通大学 | Grounding grid soil hazard characteristic evaluation platform and method based on corrosive ions |
| CN115389410A (en) * | 2022-08-15 | 2022-11-25 | 国网山西省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Electrochemical test device and method for simulating service condition of grounding grid material |
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