CN111829657A - Coherent spectrum analysis device and method based on optical fiber Rayleigh scattering - Google Patents
Coherent spectrum analysis device and method based on optical fiber Rayleigh scattering Download PDFInfo
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
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- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000035559 beat frequency Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000023077 detection of light stimulus Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
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- G01J3/45—Interferometric spectrometry
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J3/00—Spectrometry; Spectrophotometry; Monochromators; Measuring colours
- G01J3/12—Generating the spectrum; Monochromators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
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Abstract
A coherent spectrum analysis measuring device and a method based on optical fiber Rayleigh scattering belong to the technical field of precision instrument manufacturing and precision test metering; the device structure is as follows: the optical coupler is connected with the tunable laser, the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the optical attenuator, a light source to be detected is connected with the delay fiber after passing through the optical isolator and the polarization controller, the optical circulator is connected with the erbium-doped fiber amplifier and the delay fiber, the balance detector is connected with the optical coupler and the radio frequency filter, and the data acquisition module is connected with the radio frequency filter; the measuring method comprises the following steps: the tunable laser indirectly generates local oscillation light and pumping light, the pumping light forms an optical fiber backscattering filter to filter a signal to be detected, a filtering result and the local oscillation light generate heterodyne interference to generate a beat frequency signal, secondary filtering is carried out through a radio frequency filter, and the spectrum of the light source to be detected can be restored by using a reserved Rayleigh beat frequency signal. The device has the characteristics of high resolution, high signal-to-noise ratio, no restriction of mirror effect and real-time detection of light to be detected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of precision instrument manufacturing and precision measurement and measurement, and particularly relates to a coherent spectrum analysis device and method based on optical fiber Rayleigh scattering.
Background
With the development of a batch of photonic devices (optical whispering gallery mode sensors, femtosecond optical frequency combs) with femto-meter-level fine spectral response, the demand for high-resolution spectral analysis devices has increased dramatically in the fields of optical sensing, material analysis, medical diagnosis, environmental monitoring, and the like. In the conventional spectral analysis device and method, a Fourier transform spectrometer based on an interferometric modulation principle and a grating spectrometer based on a diffraction dispersion principle are limited by the processing precision of a light splitting element, and the highest spectral resolution can only reach the picometer level; the coherent spectrometer based on the heterodyne interference principle is affected by the mirror effect, the relative size of the signal light frequency and the local oscillator light frequency cannot be distinguished, and the highest spectral resolution can only reach tens of nanometers. The spectral analysis device and the method can not meet the spectral measurement requirement of a novel photonic device, and the research of the spectral analysis device and the method meeting the requirement becomes one of the important issues in the field of current precision instrument manufacturing and precision measurement.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the spectrum analysis device and the method can not meet the spectrum measurement requirement of a novel photonic device, and aims to provide a coherent spectrum analysis device and a coherent spectrum analysis method based on optical fiber Rayleigh scattering, which can be used for femto-meter-level fine spectrum measurement.
The technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a coherent spectrum analysis measuring device based on optical fiber Rayleigh scattering comprises a tunable laser, a light source to be detected, an optical coupler, an optical isolator, an erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier (EDFA), a polarization controller, an optical circulator, a delay optical fiber, an optical attenuator, an optical coupler, a balance detector, a radio frequency filter and a data acquisition module, wherein the optical coupler is connected with the tunable laser, the EDFA and the optical attenuator through a single-mode optical fiber to form a passage; the optical circulator is connected with an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, a delay fiber and an optical attenuator through a single-mode fiber to form a passage; the optical coupler is connected with the optical attenuator, the optical attenuator and the balance detector through a single mode fiber to form a passage; the light source to be detected and the optical isolator, the optical isolator and the polarization controller, and the polarization controller and the time delay fiber are connected through a single mode fiber to form a passage; the balance detector and the radio frequency filter, and the radio frequency filter and the data acquisition module are connected through cables to form a channel;
the tunable laser, the light source to be detected, the optical coupler, the optical isolator, the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, the polarization controller, the optical circulator and the delay fiber form a fiber backscattering filter which is used for extracting Rayleigh signals and Brillouin signals from the spectral signals to be detected;
the optical coupler, the balance detector, the radio frequency filter and the data acquisition module form a heterodyne interferometer, and the heterodyne interferometer is used for enabling the Rayleigh signal and the Brillouin signal to interfere with the local oscillation light to form a Rayleigh beat signal and a Brillouin beat signal, then separating the Rayleigh beat signal and the Brillouin beat signal in a radio frequency filtering mode, and recording the Rayleigh beat signal to form a recovery spectrum.
A coherent spectrum analysis and measurement method based on fiber Rayleigh scattering comprises the following steps: output light of the tunable laser is split into local oscillation light and pumping light through an optical coupler, wherein the pumping light enters a port 1 of the optical circulator after being amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, and enters a delay fiber after being emitted through a port 2 of the optical circulator, and in the delay fiber, the pumping light and a light source to be detected entering the delay fiber through an optical isolator and a polarization controller carry out energy exchange in the forms of fiber Rayleigh scattering and stimulated Brillouin scattering, so that a formed fiber backscatter filter can filter and amplify a spectral signal to be detected into a Rayleigh signal and a Brillouin signal; rayleigh signals and Brillouin signals generated by the optical fiber backscattering filter are incident from an optical circulator port 2, the optical power is adjusted by the optical attenuator after the Rayleigh signals and the Brillouin signals are emergent from an optical circulator port 3, heterodyne interference occurs between the adjusted Rayleigh signals and Brillouin signals and local oscillation light which is also adjusted by the optical attenuator in the optical coupler, and the generated Rayleigh beat signals and Brillouin beat signals are converted into electrical signals by a balance detector; then, a radio frequency filter is used for filtering Brillouin beat frequency signals, only Rayleigh beat frequency signals with narrower line widths are recorded and serve as estimated values of components with the same frequency as the pump light in the spectral signals to be detected; and adjusting the output light frequency of the tunable laser to traverse the frequency range of the whole spectrum signal to be detected, and recording the corresponding Rayleigh beat frequency signal intensity according to the size of the pump light frequency to form a recovery spectrum of the light source to be detected.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the spectrum of the light source to be detected is pre-filtered through the optical fiber backscattering filter, the frequencies of the generated Rayleigh signal and Brillouin signal are in definite association with the frequency of the local oscillation light in the heterodyne interferometer, so that the spectral analysis device and the spectral analysis method are not limited by the mirror effect any more, and the spectral resolution is improved.
(2) The Rayleigh signal and the Brillouin signal generated by the backscattering filter are separated by the heterodyne interferometer, and the Rayleigh signal and the Brillouin signal have different frequency differences compared with local oscillation light, so that the Rayleigh beat signal and the Brillouin beat signal can be subjected to secondary filtering by the radio frequency filter after being subjected to frequency reduction by the heterodyne interferometer, and the Rayleigh beat signal with a narrower line width can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coherent spectrum analysis device based on fiber Rayleigh scattering
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the principle of pre-filtering the spectrum of a light source to be inspected by a fiber optic backscatter filter
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heterodyne interferometer for separating Rayleigh and Brillouin signals
Description of part numbers in the figures: 1. the system comprises a tunable laser, a light source to be detected, a light coupler, an optical isolator, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, a polarization controller, an optical circulator, a delay fiber, an optical attenuator, an optical coupler, a balance detector, a radio frequency filter, a data acquisition module, a light source to be detected, a light coupler, a light isolator, a light source, a light coupler, an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA, a polarization controller, a light circulator, a delay fiber, a light attenuator, an optical attenuator; a. the method comprises the steps of a spectrum signal to be detected, b, Rayleigh signal, c, Brillouin signal, d, local oscillator light, e, Rayleigh beat signal, f, Brillouin beat signal and a' restored original spectrum of a light source to be detected.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is provided in conjunction with the appended drawings:
the utility model provides a coherent spectrum analysis measuring device based on optic fibre rayleigh scattering, as shown in fig. 1, including tunable laser (1), the light source (2) of examining, optical coupler (3), optical isolator (4), erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), polarization controller (6), optical circulator (7), time delay fiber (8), optical attenuator (9), optical attenuator (10), optical coupler (11), balanced detector (12), radio frequency filter (13) and data acquisition module (14), its characterized in that: the optical coupler (3) is connected with the tunable laser (1), the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5) and the optical attenuator (10) through single-mode fibers to form a channel, the optical circulator (7) is connected with an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), a delay fiber (8) and an optical attenuator (9) through a single-mode fiber to form a passage, the optical coupler (11) is connected with the optical attenuator (9), the optical attenuator (10) and the balance detector (12) through single-mode optical fibers to form a passage, the light source (2) to be detected is connected with the optical isolator (4), the optical isolator (4) is connected with the polarization controller (6), the polarization controller (6) is connected with the time delay optical fiber (8) through a single mode optical fiber to form a passage, the balance detector (12) is connected with the radio frequency filter (13), and the radio frequency filter (13) is connected with the data acquisition module (14) through cables to form a passage;
the tunable laser (1), the light source to be detected (2), the optical coupler (3), the optical isolator (4), the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), the polarization controller (6), the optical circulator (7) and the delay fiber (8) form a fiber backscatter filter which is used for extracting a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c) from a spectral signal to be detected (a);
the optical coupler (11), the balance detector (12), the radio frequency filter (13) and the data acquisition module (14) form a heterodyne interferometer, and the heterodyne interferometer is used for enabling the Rayleigh signal (b) and the Brillouin signal (c) to interfere with the local oscillator light (d) to form a Rayleigh beat signal (e) and a Brillouin beat signal (f), then separating the Rayleigh beat signal (e) and the Brillouin beat signal (f) in a radio frequency filtering mode, and recording the Rayleigh beat signal (e) to form a restored spectrum (a').
A coherent spectrum analysis and measurement method based on fiber Rayleigh scattering comprises the following steps: output light of the tunable laser (1) is split into local oscillation light and pumping light through an optical coupler (3), wherein the pumping light enters a port 1 of an optical circulator (7) after being amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), and enters a delay fiber (8) after being emitted through a port 2 of the optical circulator (7), and in the delay fiber (8), the pumping light and a spectrum signal to be detected (a) entering the delay fiber (8) through an optical isolator (4) and a polarization controller (6) carry out energy exchange in the forms of fiber Rayleigh scattering and stimulated Brillouin scattering, so that the formed fiber backscatter filter can filter and amplify the spectrum signal to be detected (a) into a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c); a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c) generated by the optical fiber backscattering filter are incident from a port 2 of an optical circulator (7), are emitted from a port 3 of the optical circulator (7) and are adjusted by an optical attenuator (9), the adjusted Rayleigh signal (b) and Brillouin signal (c) and local oscillator light (d) which is also adjusted by the optical attenuator (10) generate heterodyne interference in an optical coupler (11), and the generated Rayleigh beat signal (e) and Brillouin beat signal (f) are converted into electric signals by a balance detector (12); then, a radio frequency filter (13) is used for filtering the Brillouin beat frequency signal (f), and only the Rayleigh beat frequency signal (e) with narrower line width is recorded as an estimated value of a component with the same frequency as the pump light in the spectral signal (a) to be detected;
and adjusting the output light frequency of the tunable laser (1) to traverse the frequency range of the whole spectrum signal (a) to be detected, and recording the intensity of a corresponding Rayleigh beat frequency signal (e) according to the frequency of the pump light to form a recovery spectrum (a') of the light source to be detected.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
in the measurement process of coherent spectrum analysis based on fiber rayleigh scattering, as shown in fig. 1, output light of a tunable laser (1) is split into local oscillator light and pump light through an optical coupler (3), wherein the pump light enters a port 1 of an optical circulator (7) after being amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), the pump light enters a delay fiber (8) after being emitted through a port 2 of the optical circulator (7), the energy of the pump light in the delay fiber (8) is converted to generate fiber rayleigh scattering and stimulated brillouin scattering, so that a fiber backscatter filter is formed, and the subsequent propagation of the residual pump light is blocked by an optical isolator (4) to prevent interference on a light source to be detected (2); after a light source (2) to be detected passes through an optical isolator (4), a polarization controller (6) adjusts the polarization state, and then the light source enters a delay optical fiber (8), as shown in fig. 2, an optical fiber backscattering filter formed by the method filters and amplifies a spectrum signal (a) to be detected into a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c), so that the Rayleigh signal (b) and the Brillouin signal (c) are extracted; the Rayleigh signal (b) and the Brillouin signal (c) extracted by the optical fiber backscattering filter are incident from a port 2 of an optical circulator (7), the optical power is adjusted by an optical attenuator (9) after the Rayleigh signal (b) and the Brillouin signal (c) are emitted from a port 3 of the optical circulator (7), heterodyne interference occurs in an optical coupler (11) between the adjusted Rayleigh signal (b) and the Brillouin signal (c) and local oscillation light (d) which is also adjusted by the optical attenuator (10), and the generated Rayleigh beat signal (e) and Brillouin beat signal (f) are converted into electrical signals by a balance detector (12); then, as shown in fig. 3, a radio frequency filter (13) is used for filtering the brillouin beat frequency signal (f), and only the rayleigh beat frequency signal (e) with a narrower line width is recorded as an estimated value of a component with the same frequency as the pump light in the spectral signal (a) to be detected; adjusting the output light frequency of the tunable laser (1) to traverse the frequency range of the whole spectrum signal (a) to be detected, recording the intensity of the corresponding Rayleigh beat frequency signal (e) according to the frequency of the pump light to form a recovered spectrum (a ') of the light source to be detected, and analyzing and processing the information contained in the original spectrum (a') to give a precise measurement result.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a coherent spectrum analysis measuring device based on optic fibre rayleigh scattering includes tunable laser (1), the light source (2) of examining, optical coupler (3), optical isolator (4), erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), polarization controller (6), optical circulator (7), time delay fiber (8), optical attenuator (9), optical attenuator (10), optical coupler (11), balanced detector (12), radio frequency filter (13) and data acquisition module (14), its characterized in that: the optical coupler (3) is connected with the tunable laser (1), the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5) and the optical attenuator (10) through single-mode fibers to form a channel, the optical circulator (7) is connected with an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), a delay fiber (8) and an optical attenuator (9) through a single-mode fiber to form a passage, the optical coupler (11) is connected with the optical attenuator (9), the optical attenuator (10) and the balance detector (12) through single-mode optical fibers to form a passage, the light source (2) to be detected is connected with the optical isolator (4), the optical isolator (4) is connected with the polarization controller (6), the polarization controller (6) is connected with the time delay optical fiber (8) through a single mode optical fiber to form a passage, the balance detector (12) is connected with the radio frequency filter (13), and the radio frequency filter (13) is connected with the data acquisition module (14) through cables to form a passage;
the tunable laser (1), the light source to be detected (2), the optical coupler (3), the optical isolator (4), the erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), the polarization controller (6), the optical circulator (7) and the delay fiber (8) form a fiber backscatter filter which is used for extracting a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c) from a spectral signal to be detected (a);
the optical coupler (11), the balance detector (12), the radio frequency filter (13) and the data acquisition module (14) form a heterodyne interferometer, and the heterodyne interferometer is used for enabling the Rayleigh signal (b) and the Brillouin signal (c) to interfere with the local oscillator light (d) to form a Rayleigh beat signal (e) and a Brillouin beat signal (f), then separating the Rayleigh beat signal (e) and the Brillouin beat signal (f) in a radio frequency filtering mode, and recording the Rayleigh beat signal (e) to form a restored spectrum (a').
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: output light of the tunable laser (1) is split into local oscillation light and pumping light through an optical coupler (3), wherein the pumping light enters a port 1 of an optical circulator (7) after being amplified by an erbium-doped fiber amplifier EDFA (5), and enters a delay fiber (8) after being emitted through a port 2 of the optical circulator (7), and in the delay fiber (8), the pumping light and a spectrum signal to be detected (a) entering the delay fiber (8) through an optical isolator (4) and a polarization controller (6) carry out energy exchange in the forms of fiber Rayleigh scattering and stimulated Brillouin scattering, so that the formed fiber backscatter filter can filter and amplify the spectrum signal to be detected (a) into a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c); a Rayleigh signal (b) and a Brillouin signal (c) generated by the optical fiber backscattering filter are incident from a port 2 of an optical circulator (7), are emitted from a port 3 of the optical circulator (7) and are adjusted by an optical attenuator (9), the adjusted Rayleigh signal (b) and Brillouin signal (c) and local oscillator light (d) which is also adjusted by the optical attenuator (10) generate heterodyne interference in an optical coupler (11), and the generated Rayleigh beat signal (e) and Brillouin beat signal (f) are converted into electric signals by a balance detector (12); then, a radio frequency filter (13) is used for filtering the Brillouin beat frequency signal (f), and only the Rayleigh beat frequency signal (e) with narrower line width is recorded as an estimated value of a component with the same frequency as the pump light in the spectral signal (a) to be detected; adjusting the output light frequency of the tunable laser (1) to traverse the frequency range of the whole spectrum signal (a) to be detected, recording the intensity of the corresponding Rayleigh beat frequency signal (e) according to the frequency of the pump light to form a recovered spectrum (a ') of the light source to be detected, and analyzing and processing the information contained in the original spectrum (a') to give a precise measurement result.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113281917A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-08-20 | 天津大学 | Optical frequency comb generation system and method |
| WO2023279330A1 (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2023-01-12 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Coherent optical spectrum analysis |
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