CN111826765B - Electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN111826765B
CN111826765B CN202010211886.XA CN202010211886A CN111826765B CN 111826765 B CN111826765 B CN 111826765B CN 202010211886 A CN202010211886 A CN 202010211886A CN 111826765 B CN111826765 B CN 111826765B
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artificial muscle
muscle
twisting
muscle fiber
fiber
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CN111826765A (en
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邸江涛
王玉莲
李清文
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Suzhou Institute of Nano Tech and Nano Bionics of CAS
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Suzhou Institute of Nano Tech and Nano Bionics of CAS
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/22—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre
    • D02G3/26—Yarns or threads characterised by constructional features, e.g. blending, filament/fibre with characteristics dependent on the amount or direction of twist
    • D02G3/28—Doubled, plied, or cabled threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
    • D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
    • D10B2101/122—Nanocarbons

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber and a preparation method and application thereof. The electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber comprises at least one strand of muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn is obtained by at least pre-curling, plying and twisting a plurality of narrow carbon nanotube bands in sequence until a uniform spiral structure is formed, or the muscle yarn is obtained by at least twisting a single narrow carbon nanotube band until a uniform spiral structure is formed. According to the preparation method of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber, provided by the invention, muscle yarns are obtained by pre-curling, plying and twisting a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands, or muscle yarns are obtained by directly twisting the carbon nano tube narrow bands, the obtained muscle yarns have a spiral or thread structure, the specific surface area of the carbon nano tube narrow bands is further increased, a large number of micro-nano-scale pore channels are introduced into the artificial muscle fiber, and the energy density and the driving stroke of the artificial muscle fiber are improved in a bundling or plying mode.

Description

Electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of artificial muscle fiber, in particular to electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the technical field of material science.
Background
The natural organism adopts muscle fiber as a power device to obtain the driving effect. Artificial muscles (Artificial muscles) are a novel intelligent driving material which can generate reversible telescopic motion and rotary motion under external stimulation (light, electricity, heat, solvent, magnetism and the like), and have important application prospects in the aspects of flexible power-assisted systems, flexible exoskeletons, simulation robots and the like. How to simulate biological muscle and prepare artificial muscle fiber is a hot topic of research focused by scientists recently. The research and development of the high-performance artificial muscle fiber can greatly promote the design of small, strong and flexible robots and artificial limbs, and can be applied to the field of biomedicine.
Common artificial muscle fiber materials include carbon nanotube fibers, graphene fibers, carbon fibers, polymer threads (polyethylene, nylon, polyimide, etc.), nickel-titanium wires, cellulose composite fibers, spider silk, shape memory alloy wires, and the like.
However, the existing artificial muscle fiber has many problems of slow response rate, low driving stroke, low energy density and power density, low efficiency, etc., and how to obtain fast response rate, large driving stroke, high energy density and power density, efficiency, and mass production, etc., still remains a technical problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber with targeted adjustment, a preparation method and application thereof, and the artificial muscle fiber with large driving stroke, high energy density and high efficiency can be realized through structural design, so that the defects in the prior art are overcome.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the embodiment of the invention provides an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber which comprises at least one strand of muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn is obtained by sequentially pre-curling, plying and twisting a plurality of narrow carbon nanotube bands until a uniform spiral structure is formed, or the muscle yarn is obtained by twisting a single narrow carbon nanotube band until a uniform spiral structure is formed.
Further, the narrow carbon nanotube band includes a narrow carbon nanotube band prepared by a floating chemical vapor deposition method.
Further, the plurality of carbon nanotubes in the narrow band of carbon nanotubes are randomly interwoven.
Further, the tensile strength of the carbon nanotube narrow band in the length direction is more than 50 MPa;
in some specific embodiments, the muscle yarn is obtained by pre-crimping, plying, twisting, and over-twisting a plurality of narrow carbon nanotube tapes in sequence.
Furthermore, the muscle yarn is obtained at least by coiling the carbon nanotube narrow band along the length direction to form pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, and then sequentially plying and twisting a plurality of pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers until a uniform spiral structure is formed.
In some more specific embodiments, the muscle yarn is obtained by twisting and over-twisting narrow strips of carbon nanotubes in sequence until a uniform helical structure is formed.
In some more specific embodiments, the electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber comprises a plurality of muscle yarns, and the electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber is formed by combining a plurality of muscle yarns in a bundling manner.
Further, the whole artificial muscle fiber has a uniform spiral structure.
Further, the twist of the twisting and the over-twisting is 200-.
Further, the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber comprises 1-10 muscle yarns.
Further, the diameter of the muscle yarn is 20-5000 μm, and the density is 1.2-5g/cm 3 。
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber, which comprises the following steps:
at least pre-curling, plying and twisting a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands in sequence until a uniform spiral structure is formed to form muscle yarn, or twisting at least the carbon nano tube narrow bands until a uniform spiral structure is formed to obtain muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn is the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: and preparing the carbon nano tube narrow band by a floating chemical vapor deposition method.
Further, the plurality of carbon nanotubes in the narrow band of carbon nanotubes are randomly interwoven.
Further, the tensile strength of the carbon nanotube narrow band in the length direction is more than 50 MPa.
In some more specific embodiments, the preparation method comprises: and sequentially pre-curling, plying, twisting and excessively twisting a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands until a uniform spiral structure is formed, thereby forming the muscle yarn.
Further, the preparation method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of coiling a carbon nanotube narrow band along the length direction to form pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, and then sequentially plying and twisting a plurality of the pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers until a uniform spiral structure is formed, so that muscle yarns are obtained.
In some more specific embodiments, the preparation method comprises: twisting and excessively twisting the narrow carbon nanotube band in sequence to form a uniform spiral structure, thereby obtaining the muscle yarn.
In some more specific embodiments, the preparation method further comprises: combining a plurality of muscle yarns in a bundling manner to form the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber.
Further, the whole artificial muscle fiber has a uniform spiral structure.
Further, the twist of the twisting and the excessive twisting is 2000-10000 r/m.
Further, the number of the muscle yarns is 1-10.
Further, the diameter of the muscle yarn is 20-5000 μm, and the density is 1.2-5g/cm 3 。
The embodiment of the invention also provides application of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber in preparing an intelligent driving mechanism.
An embodiment of the present invention further provides an intelligent driving mechanism, which includes:
the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber; and
an electrolyte fluid in contact with the electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber, wherein at least a portion of the electrolyte fluid enters the interior of the artificial muscle fiber;
the artificial muscle fiber is also electrically connected with a power supply.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber which comprises at least one strand of muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn has a uniform thread structure; the muscle yarn is conductive fiber, and the conductive fiber comprises carbon nanotube fiber and/or carbon nanotube composite fiber.
Further, the carbon nanotube fiber comprises a carbon nanotube fiber prepared by any one of a floating catalysis method, wet spinning and dry spinning.
Further, the carbon nanotube composite fiber comprises a carbon nanotube and a transition metal oxide and/or a conductive polymer compounded with the carbon nanotube, wherein the transition metal oxide comprises any one or combination of manganese dioxide, ruthenium dioxide and vanadium dioxide, and the conductive polymer comprises any one or combination of polyaniline, polypyrrole and polyethylene dioxythiophene.
Furthermore, the muscle yarn is formed by a plurality of pre-curled conductive fibers which are sequentially subjected to plying, twisting and excessive twisting, or the muscle yarn is formed by twisting the conductive fibers.
Further, the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber is formed by combining a plurality of muscle yarns in a bundling manner.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1) according to the preparation method of the electrochemical-driven artificial muscle fiber provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least the narrow carbon nanotube band is curled along the length direction to form pre-curled carbon nanotube fiber, a plurality of pre-curled fibers are sequentially twisted and twisted to obtain muscle yarn, or the narrow carbon nanotube band is sequentially twisted and excessively twisted to obtain muscle yarn, the radial section of the muscle yarn has a thread or spiral structure similar to the longitudinal section of an onion, and the specific surface area of the narrow carbon nanotube band is increased;
2) according to the preparation method of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber provided by the embodiment of the invention, a plurality of muscle yarns are bundled, and micro-nano-scale pore canals are arranged between spirals, between the muscle yarns and between carbon tubes and carbon tubes;
3) according to the preparation method of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber provided by the embodiment of the invention, the artificial muscle fiber meeting different requirements can be prepared according to different requirements, a large number of micro-nano-scale pore canals are introduced into the artificial muscle fiber, and the energy density and the driving stroke of the artificial muscle fiber are improved in a bundling or stranding mode.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart structure of a method for preparing an electrochemical driven artificial muscle fiber in examples 1 and 2 of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing an electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change of voltage with time of an electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber in example 1 of the present invention and the change of the driving amount with time of a working electrode in example 1 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 4 shows the energy densities of the working electrodes of example 2 and comparative example 2 under different load stresses;
fig. 5 shows the energy densities of the working electrodes of example 3 and comparative example 3 according to the present invention under different load stresses.
Detailed Description
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have made extensive studies and extensive practices to provide technical solutions of the present invention. The technical solution, its implementation and principles, etc. will be further explained as follows.
The embodiment of the invention provides a preparation method of an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber, which can meet the requirements of various performances aiming at specific target requirements (such as large driving stroke, high energy density and the like); the method takes carbon nanotube fiber prepared by a floating chemical vapor deposition method as an initial raw material, and different target requirements such as high response rate, large driving stroke, high energy density and the like are met by designing different structures of the carbon nanotube fiber.
The embodiment of the invention provides an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber which comprises at least one strand of muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn is obtained by at least pre-curling, plying and twisting a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands in sequence until a uniform spiral structure is formed, or the muscle yarn is obtained by at least twisting the carbon nano tube narrow bands until the uniform spiral structure is formed.
In some specific embodiments, the muscle yarn is obtained by pre-crimping, plying, twisting, and over-twisting a plurality of narrow carbon nanotube tapes in sequence.
Furthermore, the muscle yarn is obtained at least by coiling the carbon nanotube narrow band along the length direction to form pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, and then sequentially plying and twisting a plurality of pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers until an even spiral structure is formed.
In some more specific embodiments, the muscle yarn is obtained by twisting and over-twisting narrow strips of carbon nanotubes in sequence until a uniform helical structure is formed.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a preparation method of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber, which comprises the following steps:
preparing the narrow carbon nanotube band by a floating chemical vapor deposition method;
at least pre-curling, plying and twisting a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands in sequence until a uniform spiral structure is formed to form muscle yarn, or twisting at least the carbon nano tube narrow bands until a uniform spiral structure is formed to obtain muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn is the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber.
In some more specific embodiments, the method of making comprises: the method comprises the steps of coiling a carbon nanotube narrow band along the length direction to form pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, and then sequentially plying and twisting a plurality of pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers until a uniform spiral structure is formed, so that muscle yarns are obtained.
In some more specific embodiments, the preparation method comprises: twisting and excessively twisting the narrow band of the single carbon nano tube in sequence to form a uniform spiral structure so as to obtain the muscle yarn.
The embodiment of the invention also provides an electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber which comprises at least one strand of muscle yarn, wherein the muscle yarn has a uniform thread structure; the muscle yarn is conductive fiber, and the conductive fiber comprises carbon nanotube fiber and/or carbon nanotube composite fiber.
The muscle yarn is conductive fiber, and the conductive fiber comprises carbon nanotube fiber and/or carbon nanotube composite fiber; the carbon nanotube fiber comprises a carbon nanotube fiber prepared by any one of a floating catalysis method, a wet spinning method and a dry spinning method, or the carbon nanotube composite fiber comprises a carbon nanotube and a transition metal oxide and/or a conductive polymer compounded with the carbon nanotube, wherein the transition metal oxide comprises any one or combination of manganese dioxide, ruthenium dioxide and vanadium dioxide, and the conductive polymer comprises any one or combination of polyaniline, polypyrrole and polyethylene dioxythiophene.
It should be noted that the twist of the muscle yarn formed by twisting is 2000-10000 r/m; when twisting the muscle yarn, the resulting fibers form a uniform helical structure.
Specifically, referring to fig. 1, taking 4-strand stranding as an example, a method for preparing an electrochemical-driven artificial muscle fiber includes the following steps:
1) the carbon nano tube narrow band prepared by the floating chemical vapor deposition method is used as a raw material, the length of the carbon nano tube narrow band is 5-50cm, the width of the carbon nano tube narrow band is 0.2-3 cm, the thickness of the carbon nano tube narrow band is 20-500 mu m, and the density of the carbon nano tube narrow band is 1.2g/cm 3 -5g/cm 3 The plurality of carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube narrow band are disordered and interwoven, and the tensile strength of the carbon nanotube narrow band in the length direction is more than 50 MPa;
crimping along the length direction to obtain pre-crimped carbon nanotube fiber with diameter of 20-5000 μm and density of 1.2-5g/cm 3 ；
2) And (3) stranding, twisting and excessively twisting four same pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers to obtain the 4-strand pre-curled carbon nanotube fiber stranded carbon nanotube muscle yarn, namely the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber.
Specifically, referring to fig. 2, taking 3-strand bundling as an example, a method for preparing an electrochemical driven artificial muscle fiber includes the following steps:
1) the narrow carbon nanotube band prepared by floating chemical vapor deposition method has a length of 5-50cm, a width of 0.2-3 cm, a thickness of 20-500 μm, and a density of 1.2g/cm 3 -5g/cm 3 The plurality of carbon nanotubes in the carbon nanotube narrow band are disordered and interwoven, and the tensile strength of the carbon nanotube narrow band in the length direction is more than 50 MPa;
twisting the narrow carbon nanotube band until excessive twisting (twist of 2000-10000 r/m) to obtain the carbon nanotube muscle yarn with uniform spiral structure, wherein the diameter of the carbon nanotube muscle yarn is 20-5000 μm, and the density is 1.2-5g/cm 3 ；
2) Bundling three same carbon nano tube muscle yarns with helical structures to obtain the artificial muscle fiber, namely the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber.
Of course, the bundled carbon nanotube yarn is not limited to 3 or 4 strands, and may be bundled in 1 to 10 strands or other numbers.
The carbon nanotube fiber in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, carbon nanotube fibers obtained by wet spinning, electrostatic spinning, etc., and carbon nanotube composite fibers (carbon nanotube composite transition metal oxides, such as manganese dioxide, ruthenium dioxide, vanadium dioxide, etc., and conductive polymers, such as polyaniline, polypyrrole, polyethylene dioxythiophene, etc.).
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, a narrow strip of carbon nanotubes with a length of about 20cm and a width of about 700 μm prepared by a floating catalyst method is rolled along its length direction to form a pre-rolled carbon nanotube fiber with a diameter of 140 μm.
Taking four same pre-curled carbon nano tube fibers for plying, and then continuously twisting (the twist is 2800 revolutions per meter) until a uniform spiral structure is formed, so as to obtain an artificial muscle yarn formed by plying the four pre-curled carbon nano tube fibers, namely an artificial muscle fiber, wherein the length of the artificial muscle fiber is about 6cm, and the diameter of the artificial muscle fiber is about 125 mu m;
the artificial muscle fiber is used as a working electrode of an electrochemical driving system, and is activated by nitric acid (1M/L HNO) 3 Adopting CV method to activate 20 circles) carbon nano tube film as a counter electrode, and adopting Ag/Ag + Electrode as a reference electrode, 0.2M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA. BF) was used 4 ) Dissolved in propylene carbonate solvent to be used as electrolyte solution.
Assembling a three-electrode system, collecting driving data by using an electrochemical driving device, and collecting electrochemical data by using an electrochemical workstation; electrochemical workstation parameter setting: the electrochemical workstation mode adopts a chronoamperometry, and the voltage is as follows: 2.5V; low voltage: 0V; frequency: 0.1 Hz; and (3) circulation: 2 circles.
And simultaneously starting the driving acquisition system and the electrochemical workstation to obtain a curve showing the change of the driving amount of the artificial muscle fiber along with time under the square wave voltage as shown in figure 3.
Comparative example 1
Taking a narrow carbon nanotube band which is about 12cm in length and prepared by a floating catalysis method, directly twisting the narrow carbon nanotube band by a twisting device (the twist is about 6000 r/m) until a uniform spiral structure is formed, and further obtaining a single-strand muscle yarn, namely an artificial muscle fiber, wherein the length of the single-strand muscle yarn is about 3cm, and the diameter of the single-strand muscle fiber is about 100 mu m;
the artificial muscle fiber is used as a working electrode of an electrochemical driving system, the carbon nano tube film activated by nitric acid (1M/L HNO3 is activated for 20 circles by adopting a CV method) is used as a counter electrode, and Ag/Ag is used as a counter electrode + Electrode as a reference electrode, 0.2M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA. BF) was used 4 ) Dissolved in propylene carbonate solvent to be used as electrolyte solution.
Assembling a three-electrode system, collecting driving data by using an electrochemical driving device, and collecting electrochemical data by using an electrochemical workstation; electrochemical workstation parameter setting: the electrochemical workstation mode adopts a chronoamperometry method, and has the following steps: 2.5V; low voltage: 0V; frequency: 0.1 Hz; and (3) circulation: 2 circles.
And simultaneously starting the driving acquisition system and the electrochemical workstation to obtain a curve showing the change of the driving amount of the artificial muscle fiber along with time under the square wave voltage as shown in figure 3.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 1, a narrow carbon nanotube ribbon with a length of about 20cm and a width of about 700 μm prepared by a floating catalysis method is coiled along the length direction thereof to form a pre-coiled carbon nanotube fiber with a diameter of 140 μm;
twisting (the twist is about 2800 revolutions per meter) continuously after four same pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers are folded until a uniform spiral structure is formed, and then obtaining muscle yarn of the four pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, namely artificial muscle fiber, wherein the length of the artificial muscle fiber is about 6cm, and the diameter of the artificial muscle fiber is about 125 mu m;
the artificial muscle fiber is used as a working electrode of an electrochemical driving system, and is activated by nitric acid (1M/L HNO) 3 Activated for 20 circles by CV method) is adopted as a counter electrode, and Ag/Ag is adopted + Electrode as a reference electrode, 0.2M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA. BF) was used 4 ) Dissolved in propylene carbonate solvent to be used as electrolyte solution.
And (3) assembling the three-electrode system, acquiring driving data by using an electrochemical driving device, and acquiring electrochemical data by using an electrochemical workstation. Electrochemical workstation parameter setting: the electrochemical workstation mode adopts a chronoamperometry method, and has the following steps: 2.5V; low voltage: 0V; frequency: 0.1 Hz; and (3) circulation: 2 circles.
And changing different load stresses, and calculating to obtain an energy density map of the artificial muscle fiber under different load stresses, as shown in fig. 4.
Comparative example 2
Taking a narrow carbon nanotube band which is about 12cm in length and prepared by a floating catalysis method, directly twisting the narrow carbon nanotube band by a twisting device (the twist is about 6000 r/m) until a uniform spiral structure is formed, and further obtaining a single-strand muscle yarn, namely an artificial muscle fiber, which is about 3cm in length and about 100 mu m in diameter;
the artificial muscle fiber is used as a working electrode of an electrochemical driving system, and is activated by nitric acid (1M/L HNO) 3 Activated for 20 circles by CV method) is adopted as a counter electrode, and Ag/Ag is adopted + Electrode as a reference electrode, 0.2M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA. BF) was used 4 ) Dissolved in propylene carbonate solvent to be used as electrolyte solution.
And (3) assembling the three-electrode system, acquiring driving data by using an electrochemical driving device, and acquiring electrochemical data by using an electrochemical workstation. Electrochemical workstation parameter setting: the electrochemical workstation mode adopts a chronoamperometry method, and has the following steps: 2.5V; low voltage: 0V; frequency: 0.1 Hz; and (3) circulation: 2 circles.
And changing different load stresses, and calculating to obtain an energy density map of the artificial muscle fiber under different load stresses, as shown in fig. 4.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, a narrow carbon nanotube band having a length of about 20cm and a width of about 700 μm and prepared by a floating catalysis method is twisted (a twist of 6000 rpm and a twist angle of 45 °) by a twisting device until a muscle yarn having a uniform spiral structure is formed; the muscle yarn has a length of 5cm and a diameter of about 100 μm;
bundling three same muscle yarns to obtain artificial muscle fibers bundled by three muscle yarns;
the artificial muscle fiber is used as a working electrode of an electrochemical driving system, and is activated by nitric acid (1M/L HNO) 3 Activated for 20 circles by CV method) is adopted as a counter electrode, and Ag/Ag is adopted + Electrode as a reference electrode, 0.2M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA. BF) was used 4 ) Dissolved in propylene carbonate solvent to be used as electrolyte solution.
The three-electrode system is assembled, the electrochemical driving device is used for collecting driving data, the electrochemical workstation is used for collecting electrochemical data, and parameters of the electrochemical workstation are set as follows: the electrochemical workstation mode adopts a chronoamperometry method, and has the following steps: 2.5V; low voltage: 0V; frequency: 0.1 Hz; and (3) circulation: 2 circles.
The energy density graph of the artificial muscle fiber under different load stresses is calculated by changing different load stresses and is shown in fig. 5.
Comparative example 3
Referring to fig. 2, a narrow carbon nanotube band having a length of about 20cm and a width of about 700 μm, prepared by a floating catalyst method, is twisted by a twisting device (a twist of 6000 rpm and a twist angle of 45 °) until a muscle yarn having a uniform spiral structure, i.e., an artificial muscle fiber having a length of 5cm and a diameter of about 100 μm is formed;
artificial muscle fiber of single-strand muscle yarn is used as a working electrode of an electrochemical driving system, and is activated by nitric acid (1M/L HNO) 3 Activated for 20 circles by CV method) is adopted as a counter electrode, and Ag/Ag is adopted + Electrode as a reference electrode, 0.2M tetraethylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TEA. BF) was used 4 ) Dissolved in propylene carbonate solvent to be used as electrolyte solution.
The three-electrode system is assembled, the electrochemical driving device is used for collecting driving data, the electrochemical workstation is used for collecting electrochemical data, and parameters of the electrochemical workstation are set as follows: the electrochemical workstation mode adopts a chronoamperometry method, and has the following steps: 2.5V; low voltage: 0V; frequency: 0.1 Hz; and (3) circulation: 2 circles.
The energy density graph of the artificial muscle fiber under different load stresses is calculated by changing different load stresses and is shown in fig. 5.
The invention provides a preparation method of electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber, which comprises the steps of pre-curling narrow carbon nanotube bands to obtain pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, plying a plurality of pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers, and twisting the pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers to form muscle yarns with uniform spiral structures, wherein a large number of micro-pores are formed on the cross sections of the muscle yarns due to the pre-curling, after a plurality of muscle yarns are gathered, a large number of micro-nano pores are formed between the spiral and the spiral, between the muscle yarns and between the carbon tube and the carbon tube, so that the specific surface area of the muscle fibers is greatly increased, the contact area between electrolyte liquid and the inside of the muscle fibers is increased, a channel is provided for the rapid transmission of ions, the effect of increasing the driving performance can be achieved, on the one hand, the response rate is increased, which can be obtained from the curve of the lower graph of figure 3, the larger the slope of the curve is, the faster the response rate is), and on the other hand, the driving stroke can be increased (the driving stroke can be obtained from the ordinate of the lower graph of fig. 3, and the larger the ordinate value is, the larger the driving stroke is); in addition, the pre-curled carbon nano tube fiber can also improve the energy density after being stranded; similarly, combining a plurality of single-stranded carbon nanotube muscle yarns in a bundled manner may also serve the purpose of increasing the energy density.
The carbon nano tube narrow bands are formed by growing through a chemical vapor deposition method, and a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands are different in combination mode and can be combined in a stranding or bundling mode; the driving mode of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber provided by the invention is electrochemical driving, and the porosity of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber can be increased by a method of stranding and bundling, so that the effective contact area of muscle yarn and electrolyte liquid is increased, and a channel is provided for rapid transmission of ions.
According to the preparation method of the electrochemical-driven artificial muscle fiber provided by the embodiment of the invention, the narrow carbon nanotube band is pre-curled along the length direction of the narrow carbon nanotube band to obtain pre-curled carbon nanotube fiber, a plurality of pre-curled carbon nanotube fibers are stranded and twisted to obtain muscle yarn, the radial section of the muscle yarn is provided with a thread or a spiral structure similar to the longitudinal section of an onion to present an onion-like spiral or thread structure, and further the specific surface area of the narrow carbon nanotube band is increased; the preparation method of the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber provided by the embodiment of the invention can be used for preparing the artificial muscle fiber meeting different requirements according to different requirements, introducing a large number of micro-nano pore canals into the artificial muscle fiber, and improving the energy density and the driving stroke of the artificial muscle fiber in a bundling or stranding mode.
It should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present invention, which are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement the present invention, and therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (17)

1. An electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber is characterized by comprising a plurality of muscle yarns, wherein the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber is formed by combining the plurality of muscle yarns in a bundling manner;
wherein the muscle yarn is obtained at least by coiling the carbon nano tube narrow band along the length direction to form a pre-curled carbon nano tube fiber reel, then sequentially plying and twisting a plurality of pre-curled carbon nano tube fiber reels until a uniform spiral structure is formed, the twist degree of the twisting is 2000-10000 r/m, the diameter of the muscle yarn is 20-5000 mu m, and the density is 1.2-5g/cm 3 (ii) a And micro-nano-scale pore canals are arranged between the spirals of each muscle yarn, between the muscle yarns and the carbon nano tubes and between the carbon nano tubes.
2. The electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the narrow carbon nanotube band comprises a narrow carbon nanotube band prepared by a floating chemical vapor deposition method.
3. The electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the plurality of carbon nanotubes in the narrow band of carbon nanotubes are randomly interwoven.
4. The electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the tensile strength of the carbon nanotube narrow band in the length direction is more than 50 MPa.
5. The electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the muscle yarn is obtained by sequentially pre-curling, plying, twisting and excessively twisting a plurality of narrow carbon nanotube bands.
6. An electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: the whole artificial muscle fiber has a uniform spiral structure.
7. The electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to claim 1, wherein: the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber comprises 3-10 muscle yarns.
8. A method of producing an electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
coiling the carbon nano tube narrow band along the length direction to form a pre-curled carbon nano tube narrow band reel, then sequentially plying and twisting a plurality of pre-curled carbon nano tube narrow band reels until a uniform spiral structure is formed to form muscle yarn, wherein the twist degree of twisting is 2000-10000 revolutions/meter;
combining a plurality of muscle yarns in a bundling manner to form the electrochemical driving artificial muscle fiber.
9. The method according to claim 8, characterized by comprising: and preparing the narrow carbon nanotube band by a floating chemical vapor deposition method.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein: the plurality of carbon nanotubes in the narrow band of carbon nanotubes are randomly interwoven.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein: the tensile strength of the carbon nanotube narrow band in the length direction is greater than 50 MPa.
12. The method according to claim 8, characterized by comprising: and sequentially pre-curling, plying, twisting and excessively twisting a plurality of carbon nano tube narrow bands until a uniform spiral structure is formed, so that the muscle yarn is formed, wherein the twist degree of the twisting and the excessive twisting is 2000-10000 r/m.
13. The production method according to any one of claims 8 to 12, characterized in that: the whole artificial muscle fiber has a uniform spiral structure.
14. The method of claim 8, wherein: the number of the muscle yarns is 3-10.
15. The method of claim 8, wherein: the diameter of the muscle yarn is 20-5000 μm, and the density is 1.2-5g/cm 3 。
16. Use of an electrochemically driven artificial muscle fibre according to any one of claims 1 to 7 for the manufacture of an intelligent drive mechanism.
17. An intelligent drive mechanism, comprising:
the electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber of any one of claims 1-7; and
an electrolyte fluid in contact with the electrochemically driven artificial muscle fiber, wherein at least a portion of the electrolyte fluid enters the interior of the artificial muscle fiber;
the artificial muscle fiber is also electrically connected with a power supply.
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