CN111826336A - Method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides - Google Patents

Method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides Download PDF

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CN111826336A
CN111826336A CN201910297769.7A CN201910297769A CN111826336A CN 111826336 A CN111826336 A CN 111826336A CN 201910297769 A CN201910297769 A CN 201910297769A CN 111826336 A CN111826336 A CN 111826336A
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cells
leaves
eucommia
solution
eucommia ulmoides
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赵秀英
赵喜源
张继川
刘力
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Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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    • C12N5/00Undifferentiated human, animal or plant cells, e.g. cell lines; Tissues; Cultivation or maintenance thereof; Culture media therefor
    • C12N5/04Plant cells or tissues
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12N2509/00Methods for the dissociation of cells, e.g. specific use of enzymes

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides. The method comprises the following steps: the fresh eucommia leaves are pretreated, denatured, integrally transparent and dissociated to extract the eucommia rubber cells. The pretreatment comprises the following steps: putting fresh folium Eucommiae into oven for deactivating enzymes, and drying at low temperature until weight is unchanged. According to the invention, through the pretreatment of the fresh eucommia leaves, the process conditions are improved, the process duration of the experimental process for extracting the eucommia rubber-containing cells from the eucommia leaves is greatly shortened, the problem that the eucommia rubber-containing cells are easy to damage in the experimental process is effectively solved, and the extraction efficiency is improved.

Description

Method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of gutta-percha, in particular to a method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides.
Background
For the research of the extraction mode of the gutta-percha cells of eucommia, the related literature reports are less at present, the recent related literature reports adopt fresh eucommia plants, the eucommia plants are cleaned and drained, the eucommia plants are cut into small sections, the eucommia plants are directly treated by a denaturing reagent without being fixed by a fixing solution for 40 to 60 hours, after the eucommia plants are subjected to denaturation treatment, the eucommia plants are subjected to integral transparent treatment for about 20 to 40 hours by high-concentration sodium hydroxide water solution and water bath heating, then the samples are filtered and washed by running water, and the separation is carried out by pectinase water solution at room temperature for 45 to 65 hours until the gutta-percha cells of the eucommia are separated. The technical process mainly has the following defects:
(1) the technical process has the advantages that the reaction time is too long, namely, the glue-containing cells need to react with a chemical reagent with strong oxidizing property for a long time in the experimental process, and the cell walls of the glue-containing cells are very easy to break and dissolve, so that the glue flows out and dissolves, and the extraction rate of the glue-containing cells of eucommia ulmoides is further influenced.
(2) The fresh plants which are not pretreated are difficult to fully react with chemical reagents in a denaturation reaction stage, so that the color fading is incomplete, the subsequent reaction is influenced, the extraction of the eucommia rubber-containing cells is not facilitated, and the experiment is even failed.
The existing extraction method of the eucommia rubber-containing cells has a series of defects of large chemical pollution, low extraction efficiency, low purity of the eucommia rubber-containing cells of the extract, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The method aims to solve the problems of overlong process time, low extraction efficiency and low extraction rate in the prior art. The invention provides a method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides. The method mainly solves the problem that the eucommia leaves are not faded thoroughly in the first stage, namely the denaturation treatment stage, in the reaction process. According to the invention, through the pretreatment of the fresh eucommia leaves, the process conditions are improved, the process duration of the experimental process for extracting the eucommia rubber-containing cells from the eucommia leaves is greatly shortened, the problem that the eucommia rubber-containing cells are easy to damage in the experimental process is effectively solved, and the extraction efficiency is improved.
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides.
The method comprises the following steps:
the fresh eucommia leaves are pretreated, denatured, integrally transparent and dissociated to extract the eucommia rubber cells.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the pretreatment comprises the following steps: putting fresh folium Eucommiae into oven for deactivating enzymes, and drying at low temperature until weight is unchanged.
When in fixation treatment, the temperature of the oven is 100-130 ℃, and the fixation treatment time is 10-20 minutes; then the temperature is adjusted to 55-65 ℃, and the mixture is dried until the weight is unchanged.
The denaturation treatment comprises the following steps: adding the pretreated eucommia ulmoides dry leaves into a denaturing reagent, stirring to uniformly mix the eucommia ulmoides dry leaves, and storing for 40-50 hours in a sealed and dark state;
the volume of the eucommia ulmoides dry leaves is one thirtieth to one twentieth of the volume of the denaturing agent.
The integral transparent processing comprises the following steps:
filtering the denatured dry eucommia ulmoides leaves, taking filter residues, repeatedly washing the filter residues with deionized water, adding the filtered leaves into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring to enable the leaves to be completely immersed into the solution, then putting the solution into a water bath, and heating and reacting for 10-20 hours at 50-65 ℃.
The flow speed of the deionized water flushing is 1.5 m/s-3 m/s;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-20%.
The dissociation of the gel-containing cells comprises:
and filtering the whole transparent eucommia ulmoides dry leaves, repeatedly washing filter residues by using deionized water, then putting the filter residues into a pectinase solution, and heating in a water bath at 35-55 ℃ for 30-40 hours.
The washing flow speed of the deionized water is 1.5 m/s-3 m/s;
the mass concentration range of the pectinase solution is 2-5%.
Filtering the eucommia ulmoides dry leaves treated by the pectinase solution, and repeatedly washing filter residues by deionized water until the color of the filter residues becomes transparent.
In the method steps of the application, the enzyme deactivation treatment at high temperature is to inactivate enzymes in the plants in a short time, and a plurality of metabolic reactions, especially enzymes, are still carried out in the fresh plant samples, so that the wanted substances can be decomposed, and the experimental results are influenced. The low-temperature drying mainly removes water in fresh plants, and the low-temperature range is selected mainly by considering that the crystallization temperature of the gutta-percha in the eucommia leaves is 65 ℃, and the crystallization of the gutta-percha cannot be influenced by drying at the temperature.
The reason for selecting two temperatures is that active enzyme inside the fresh plant is killed in a short time to ensure that the physicochemical environment inside the plant is not changed, the complete shape inside the plant is ensured to the maximum extent, and the drying for a long time at a lower temperature is to remove water in leaves, so that the crystal form of the gutta percha is not influenced, the living environment of non-gum components (such as certain ions) can also be damaged, and the preparation for removing the non-gum components (including pigments, inorganic salt ions and the like) by subsequent denaturation treatment can be better prepared. Two temperature ranges are selected, so that the subsequent denaturation treatment result is better without influencing the crystallization state of the eucommia ulmoides gum, namely, the eucommia ulmoides leaves are more completely faded, and non-gum components can be removed to the maximum extent.
The time of the prior art is shortened in the integral transparent treatment process, and the water bath heating process in the integral transparent treatment process is shortened to be within 20 hours (benefiting from the pretreatment stage, namely high-temperature enzyme deactivating treatment and drying at medium and low temperature until the weight is unchanged).
The invention adds a water bath heating process in the dissociation process of the cells containing the colloid, namely, the wholly transparent sample is put into a water bath with the temperature of 35-55 ℃ for heating, thereby greatly shortening the process time and shortening the dissociation time of the cells containing the colloid from 48 hours to within 36 hours.
The invention can adopt the following technical scheme:
(1) pretreating fresh eucommia leaves: cleaning appropriate fresh folium Eucommiae, draining, wiping, pretreating, deactivating enzyme in a 105 deg.C oven for 10-20 min, adjusting temperature to 65 deg.C, and oven drying until weight is unchanged. Cooling to room temperature, cutting into small segments, and collecting.
(2) And (3) denaturation treatment:
the deformation treatment is to remove chlorophyll, part of inorganic salt ions and the like existing in the dried leaves by reacting the dried leaves with a strong oxidizing agent, namely, to primarily remove (or partially remove) non-glue components in the leaves.
The denaturing agent can be prepared by a conventional method in the prior art, and in the present invention, it can be preferably prepared by the following steps: taking about 40-70 ml of saturated bromine water, adding 2-5 g of solid iodine simple substance, then adding glacial acetic acid solution to 100-150 ml, slightly shaking the beaker, and stirring to fully mix the iodine simple substance and the glacial acetic acid solution. Adding the treated dry eucommia leaves to ensure that the volume of the dry eucommia leaves is about one thirtieth to one twentieth of the volume of the denaturing agent. And (4) lightly stirring to uniformly mix the components, and then sealing and storing for 40-50 hours in a dark place.
(3) Integral transparent treatment: filtering the denatured dry eucommia leaf, taking the filter residue, repeatedly washing the filter residue with deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water flow to remove the residual chemical solvent on the leaf without damaging the tissue structure of the leaf. Preparing a 5-20% sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, stirring and slightly shaking to fully mix the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, pouring the filtered blade into the solution after the solution becomes transparent, slightly stirring by using a glass rod to ensure that the blade is completely immersed into the solution, then putting the solution into a water bath kettle, and heating and reacting for 10-20 hours at the temperature of 50-65 ℃.
(4) Dissociation of the glue-containing cells: and (4) filtering the sample in the step (3), removing the filtrate, repeatedly washing the filter residue with deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water flow to enable the filter residue to slowly flow out so as to wash away the residual chemical reagent on the filter residue without damaging plant tissues. Then weighing 2-5 g of pectinase, injecting 100ml of deionized water, slightly stirring to uniformly mix the pectinase, and then putting the treated filter residue into the pectinase solution to heat for 30-40 hours in water bath at 35-55 ℃.
(5) The sample from experiment (4) was filtered through a 0.5mm x 0.5mm mesh screen, the filtrate was removed, and the residue was repeatedly washed with deionized water until the residue became transparent in color.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the technology, the process conditions of the fresh eucommia leaves are improved through pretreatment, the process time of the experimental process for extracting the gutta-percha cells from the eucommia leaves is greatly shortened, the process time is shortened by about one half of the process time of the prior art, the problem that the gutta-percha cells are easy to damage in the experimental process is effectively solved, and the extraction efficiency of the gutta-percha cells is improved.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
The starting materials used in the examples are all commercially available.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning appropriate fresh folium Eucommiae, draining, wiping, placing into a 100 deg.C oven, deactivating enzyme for 10 min, adjusting the temperature of the oven to 55 deg.C, and oven drying until the weight of the folium Eucommiae is unchanged. The leaves were removed and cut into 5mm by 5mm pieces.
(2) Preparing a denaturing agent: taking 45ml of saturated bromine water and 2.5 g of elemental iodine, adding glacial acetic acid until the volume of the solution is 100ml, putting the cut small sections of the leaves into a denaturing reagent solution, uniformly mixing, wherein the volume of the dry leaves is about one-thirtieth of the volume of the denaturing reagent, then putting the small sections of the cut leaves into a dry dark place, sealing and storing for 40 hours, changing the leaves from green to golden yellow, then filtering, repeatedly washing with deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 1.5 m/s until no chemical reagent residue exists on the leaves.
(3) And (2) putting the filter residue into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 5%, fully mixing to ensure that the filter residue is completely immersed into the sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, heating in a water bath at 50 ℃ for 10 hours until the blades are almost transparent, then filtering, repeatedly washing with deionized water, controlling the flow rate of water to be 1.5 m/s, then filtering, washing again, and repeating the washing step for 6 times.
(4) And (3) putting the filter residue into a 2% pectinase solution, heating in a water bath at 35 ℃ for 30 hours, repeatedly washing with deionized water to remove residues, controlling the flow rate of water to be 1.5 m/s, wherein the obtained filter residue is the glue-containing cells, storing the glue-containing cells with the deionized water, and agglomerating, wherein a microscope shows that the purity of the glue-containing cells can reach more than 95%.
Example 2
(1) Taking proper fresh eucommia leaves, cleaning, draining, wiping, putting into a 105 ℃ oven for fixation treatment for 15 minutes, and then adjusting the temperature of the oven to 60 ℃ to continue drying until the weight of the leaves is unchanged. The leaves were removed and cut into 5mm by 5mm pieces.
(2) Preparing a denaturing agent: taking 180ml of saturated bromine water and 10 g of elemental iodine, adding glacial acetic acid until the volume of the solution is 400ml, putting the cut small sections of the leaves into a denaturing reagent solution, uniformly mixing, wherein the volume of the dry leaves is about one thirtieth of the volume of the denaturing reagent, then putting the small sections of the cut leaves into a dry dark place, sealing and storing for 50 hours, then taking out the small sections of the cut leaves, changing the original dark green leaves into golden yellow leaves, filtering, repeatedly washing with deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 2 m/s until no chemical reagent residue exists on filter residues.
(3) And (3) putting the filter residue into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 15%, stirring to fully mix the filter residue, heating in a water bath at 55 ℃ for 15 hours, taking out the filter residue, controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 2 m/s, filtering, washing again, and repeating the washing step for 6 times.
(4) And (3) putting the filter residue into 2.5% pectinase solution, heating in water bath at 40 ℃ for 35 hours until the filter residue is fully decomposed, filtering, repeatedly washing the filter residue to remove residues, and controlling the water flow speed of deionized water to be 2 m/s until the filter residue becomes transparent, wherein the filter residue is the glue-containing cells. The obtained glue-containing cells are stored by deionized water and agglomerated, and the purity of the glue-containing cells can reach more than 95 percent as shown by a microscope.
Example 3
(1) Taking proper fresh eucommia leaves, cleaning, draining, wiping, putting into a 130 ℃ oven for fixation treatment for 20 minutes, and then adjusting the temperature of the oven to 65 ℃ to continue drying until the weight of the leaves is unchanged. The leaves were removed and cut into 5mm by 5mm pieces.
(2) Preparing a denaturing agent: taking 90ml of saturated bromine water and 5 g of elemental iodine, adding glacial acetic acid until the volume of the solution is 200ml, putting the cut small sections of the leaves into a denaturing reagent solution, uniformly mixing, wherein the volume of the dry leaves is about one twentieth of the volume of the denaturing reagent, then putting the small sections of the cut leaves into a dry dark place, sealing and storing for 48 hours, then taking out the small sections of the cut leaves, changing the original dark green leaves into golden yellow leaves, filtering, repeatedly washing with deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 3 m/s until no chemical reagent residue exists on filter residues.
(3) And (3) putting the filter residue into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 20%, stirring to fully mix the filter residue, heating in a water bath at 65 ℃ for 20 hours, taking out the filter residue, controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 3 m/s, filtering, washing again, and repeating the washing step for 6 times.
(4) And (3) putting the filter residue into a 5% pectinase solution, heating in a water bath at 55 ℃ for 35 hours, fully decomposing the filter residue at the moment, obviously layering the solution, filtering, and repeatedly washing the filter residue to remove residues, wherein the water flow speed of deionized water is controlled to be 3 m/s until the filter residue becomes transparent, and the filter residue is the glue-containing cells. The obtained colloid-containing cells are stored by deionized water and agglomerated, and the purity of the colloid-containing cells can reach more than 96 percent as shown by a microscope
Comparative example
The method adopting the prior art comprises the following steps:
(1) taking proper fresh eucommia leaves, cleaning, draining, wiping, cutting into small sections of 5mm multiplied by 5mm, and preparing a denaturation reagent: taking 180ml of saturated bromine water and 10 g of elemental iodine, adding glacial acetic acid until the volume of the solution is 400ml, putting the cut small sections of the leaves into a denaturing reagent solution, wherein the volume of the leaves is about one-thirtieth of the volume of the denaturing reagent, uniformly mixing, putting the leaves into a dry dark place, sealing and storing for 50 hours, taking out the leaves, finding out that the leaves are only golden yellow in a small range around the leaves and are almost in the previous dark green, filtering, repeatedly washing with deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water to be 2 m/s until no chemical reagent residue exists on filter residues.
(2) And (3) putting the filter residue into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution with the mass fraction of 15%, stirring to fully mix the filter residue, heating in a water bath at 55 ℃ for 15 hours, then taking out the filter residue, washing the filter residue by deionized water, controlling the flow rate of water flow to be 2 m/s, filtering, washing again, and repeating the washing step for 6 times, wherein the blade is not completely transparent, the blade still presents green, and non-glue components in the blade are not removed.
(3) Putting the filter residue into 2.5 percent of pectinase solution, heating in water bath at 40 ℃ for 35 hours,
and (3) taking out and observing, wherein the sample is in a turbid state, filtering and repeatedly washing the filter residue, and controlling the flow speed of deionized water to be 2 m/s, so that a large amount of non-gel components are remained in the filter residue, the gel-containing cells of the eucommia ulmoides cannot be separated from the filter residue, and the experiment fails.

Claims (10)

1. A method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the fresh eucommia leaves are pretreated, denatured, integrally transparent and dissociated to extract the eucommia rubber cells.
2. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 1, wherein:
the pretreatment comprises the following steps: putting fresh folium Eucommiae into oven for deactivating enzymes, and drying at low temperature until weight is unchanged.
3. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 2, wherein:
when in fixation treatment, the temperature of the oven is 100-130 ℃, and the fixation treatment time is 10-20 minutes; then the temperature is adjusted to 55-65 ℃, and the mixture is dried until the weight is unchanged.
4. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 1, wherein:
the denaturation treatment comprises the following steps:
and adding the pretreated eucommia ulmoides dry leaves into a denaturing reagent, stirring to uniformly mix the eucommia ulmoides dry leaves, and storing for 40-50 hours in a sealed and dark manner.
5. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 4, wherein:
the volume of the eucommia ulmoides dry leaves is one thirtieth to one twentieth of the volume of the denaturing agent.
6. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 1, wherein:
the integral transparent processing comprises the following steps:
filtering the denatured dry eucommia ulmoides leaves, taking filter residues, repeatedly washing the filter residues with deionized water, adding the filtered leaves into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring to enable the leaves to be completely immersed into the solution, then putting the solution into a water bath, and heating and reacting for 10-20 hours at 50-65 ℃.
7. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 6, wherein:
the flow speed of the deionized water flushing is 1.5 m/s-3 m/s;
the mass concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution is 5-20%.
8. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 1, wherein:
the dissociation of the gel-containing cells comprises:
and filtering the whole transparent eucommia ulmoides dry leaves, repeatedly washing filter residues by using deionized water, then putting the filter residues into a pectinase solution, and heating in a water bath at 35-55 ℃ for 30-40 hours.
9. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 8, wherein:
the washing flow speed of the deionized water is 1.5 m/s-3 m/s;
the mass concentration range of the pectinase solution is 2-5 percent.
10. The method for extracting gutta percha cells as in claim 8, wherein:
filtering the eucommia ulmoides dry leaves treated by the pectinase solution, repeatedly washing filter residues by deionized water, and controlling the flow rate of water to be 1.5-3 m/s until the color of the filter residues becomes transparent.
CN201910297769.7A 2019-04-15 2019-04-15 Method for extracting gutta-percha cells from eucommia ulmoides Pending CN111826336A (en)

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Citations (2)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102838757A (en) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-26 河南恒瑞源实业有限公司 Method of extracting gutta-percha through enzymolysis
CN106084252A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-11-09 曹蕊 A kind of method extracting gutta-percha in Folium Eucommiae skin

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102838757A (en) * 2012-08-28 2012-12-26 河南恒瑞源实业有限公司 Method of extracting gutta-percha through enzymolysis
CN106084252A (en) * 2016-08-12 2016-11-09 曹蕊 A kind of method extracting gutta-percha in Folium Eucommiae skin

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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周莉英等: "不同无性系杜仲含胶细胞长度的动态研究", 《陕西中医学院学报》 *
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