CN111823612B - Material sheet positioning method for paving and pasting on slender flexible mold - Google Patents
Material sheet positioning method for paving and pasting on slender flexible mold Download PDFInfo
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- CN111823612B CN111823612B CN202010732682.0A CN202010732682A CN111823612B CN 111823612 B CN111823612 B CN 111823612B CN 202010732682 A CN202010732682 A CN 202010732682A CN 111823612 B CN111823612 B CN 111823612B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
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Abstract
The invention discloses a material sheet positioning method for paving and pasting a slender flexible mold, which comprises the steps of projecting a head-tail profile line of a web surface of the flexible mold and a cross positioning line consisting of a normal plane short line vertical to the central line of the web surface on a clamping tool by adopting a laser projector to position the flexible mold, clamping and fixing; and through the positioning detection step, detecting and locally adjusting to ensure that the flexible mold is qualified in positioning; then, the central line of the marked material sheet on the prepreg sheet lining paper is superposed with the central line of the web plate surface of the soft mould thrown by the laser projector, and the prepreg sheet is laid on the soft mould; and finally, taking the soft mould paved with the prepreg sheets as a core mould, and directly combining and positioning the core mould to a metal forming auxiliary tool for curing and forming, thereby avoiding the risk of buckling of pre-paved fibers in the prepreg sheet transfer process. The method is convenient, the clamping tool is simple in structure, the sharing function is realized, the manufacturing cost is saved, and the method has extremely high practical and popularization values.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for positioning a material sheet paved on a slender flexible mould.
Background
The i-beam is a common reinforcing structural member in a composite material part, and is divided into structural forms such as an i-beam with a uniform cross section and an i-beam with a variable cross section, and the structural features of the i-beam are usually large size and thin wall thickness, and part of the i-beam parts also have a hyperboloid structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 2. When the workpiece is paved and pasted, the workpiece is generally paved and pasted by the upper part, the lower part, the left part and the right part, namely the free edge is paved and pasted firstly, then the left vertical edge and the right vertical edge are paved and pasted, and then the edges are pasted; the twisted yarn needs to be filled in the paving process, and the structure of the twisted yarn is shown in figure 3. In the composite material structural member with the variable-thickness curved surface, when the fiber angle paved and adhered by the part has deviation, the strength, the rigidity and the stability of the part are seriously influenced. Especially, if the fiber angle of the +/-45-degree unidirectional tape fiber prepreg paving is deviated, the part can be deformed in appearance after being cured, so that the mechanical property of the part is reduced.
At present, the forming method based on the autoclave process in the industry is basically metal core mold forming or soft mold forming, in the metal core mold forming process, an upper part, a lower part, a left part and a right part are directly laid on a metal tool when being pasted, but the core mold is made of a metal material, so that the self weight is large, the operation is very inconvenient, and under the condition that the size of a composite material workpiece is large, the precision requirement on a mold is high in order to ensure the size precision and the positioning standard of a product. In the forming process of the soft mold, the soft mold is poor in strength and stability and has large deviation in positioning, so that the soft mold cannot be directly paved and positioned, a special metal tool is generally adopted for paving and pasting the material sheet, the soft mold is manually transferred to an air bag tool for combined positioning, time and labor are consumed, and the risk of buckling of pre-paved fibers in the transferring process exists. Therefore, an effective way to solve the positioning problem of the flexible mold patch is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing problems, the invention provides a material sheet positioning method for paving and pasting on a slender flexible mold, which increases the stability of the flexible mold when paving and pasting material sheets through a clamping tool, simultaneously adopts a laser projection line to position the flexible mold and a layer paving angle, and then the flexible mold is used as a core mold to be combined and positioned to a metal forming tool for auxiliary forming, thereby avoiding the risk of buckling of fibers of a pre-paved layer in the material sheet transfer process. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a method for positioning a material sheet paved on a slender flexible mould,
1) soft mold positioning: projecting a head and tail profile line of a web surface of the flexible mold and a cross positioning line consisting of a normal plane short line perpendicular to the central line of the web surface on a clamping tool by adopting a laser projector, and then positioning, clamping and fixing the flexible mold on the clamping tool according to the head and tail profile line of the web surface and the cross positioning line;
2) positioning detection: sequentially checking whether the central line of the web plate surface of the laser projection is on the middle point of the web plate surface of the soft mould by adopting a ruler or a caliper at intervals from one end of the soft mould, and performing local adjustment to ensure that the soft mould is qualified in positioning;
3) paving tablets: after the flexible mold is positioned to be qualified, the central line of a marked material sheet on the prepreg sheet lining paper is superposed with the central line of the web plate surface of the flexible mold thrown out by a laser projector, and the prepreg sheet is laid on the flexible mold;
4) web transfer: the soft mould paved with the prepreg sheets is used as a core mould, and the core mould is directly combined and positioned to a metal forming auxiliary tool for curing and forming, so that the risk of buckling of pre-paved fibers in the prepreg sheet transfer process is avoided.
As a preferred technical scheme, in the step 1), the clamping tool is composed of a positioning workbench and a plurality of movable block clamping plates, and the positioning workbench is of an integral planar frame structure; the blocking clamping plates are arranged on the plane of the positioning workbench and distributed on two sides of the soft mold for clamping and fixing or loosening the soft mold.
Preferably, the edge of the positioning workbench is provided with a laser projection hole; the blocking clamping plate comprises a clamping plate body and a clamping plate pin, the clamping plate pin is used for fixing the clamping plate body on the positioning workbench, and a clamping plate pin hole for the clamping plate pin to penetrate through is formed in the clamping plate body.
Preferably, the clamping plate pin is a screw pin capable of being screwed loosely, so that the position of the clamping plate body can be adjusted conveniently; the clamping plate pin hole is a long waist-shaped hole which is perpendicular to the long edge of the soft die, and the clamping plate body is pushed forwards and backwards along the clamping plate pin hole to clamp and fix or loosen the soft die.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step 1), the head and tail contour lines and the cross positioning lines of the web surface of the flexible mold are extracted, divided and established according to the model size of the flexible mold through CATIA software, and then converted into a file which can be recognized by a projector through Fibersim software for projection.
The method for establishing the cross positioning line comprises the following steps: establishing a point at intervals by taking the long edge of one side of the web plate surface of the soft mould as a straight line, establishing normal planes passing through the point vertical straight line through the straight line and the point, extracting the intersecting line of each normal plane and the web plate surface of the soft mould as normal plane short lines, connecting the middle points of the normal plane short lines to form a web plate surface central line, and intersecting the normal plane short lines and the web plate surface central line to form a cross positioning line.
Preferably, the spacing distance between the normal plane short lines is 50mm to 100 mm.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step 2), the distance between the selected detection points is 100mm in the positioning detection; the detection standard is that the difference of the distances from the central line of the projected web surface to the two sides of the web surface of the soft mold is within +/-1 mm.
As a preferable technical solution, in the step 2), the local adjustment is to adjust the distance between the two sides of the web surface of the flexible mold by loosening the block clamping plate at the position where the positioning detection is unqualified.
As a preferable technical scheme, in the step 3), the sheet central line marked on the prepreg sheet lining paper is a central line of a web surface of a soft mold, which is established by CATIA software according to the size extraction and division of a model of the soft mold, the web surface central line is added to a prepreg sheet blanking drawing through Fibersim software, and then the sheet central line is marked on the sheet lining paper when an automatic cloth cutting machine is used for blanking.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
firstly, the initial positioning of the flexible die is determined by utilizing the head and tail contour lines of the web plate of the flexible die, then the flexible die is clamped and positioned by the blocking movable clamping plate, and the flexible die is accurately positioned according to the cross line formed by the center line of the web plate of the flexible die and the normal plane short line.
Secondly, prepreg paving and positioning are directly carried out by combining a projection line on the flexible mold, and the material sheets are paved and positioned according to the reference of coincidence of the central line of the projection web surface of the flexible mold and the central line of the material sheets marked on the material sheet lining paper, so that the axial line requirement and the paving angle requirement of parts are ensured, the risk of buckling of fibers of a pre-paving layer in the material sheet transfer process is avoided, the product quality is met, and the part qualification rate is improved.
Thirdly, the clamping plate pin holes of the clamping plate are long waist-shaped holes, the clamping plate pins can be loosened to adjust the distance between the clamping plates on two sides, and the flexible molds with different width sizes are positioned. Meanwhile, the clamping plates are independent in partitioning, and flexible molds with different length sizes can be positioned. The tool can share dies with different sizes for positioning, and the manufacturing cost is saved.
In addition, according to the positioning method, the positioning of the flexible mold can be locally fine-tuned through the partitioning clamping plate, the flexible mold is prevented from being integrally moved, the positioning difficulty is reduced, and meanwhile, the positioning method is simple and easy to operate, and the working efficiency is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a prior art I-beam composite article;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a conventional curved I-beam composite part;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of various paving material sheets of a conventional I-beam composite part;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of a material sheet clamping tool structure for laying a thin and long flexible mold according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of the block clamping plate of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning structure of a flexible mold on a clamping fixture according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a flexible mold; 2. clamping a tool; 21. positioning a workbench; 22. clamping plates are clamped in a partitioning manner; 221. a pallet body; 222. a card pin; 223. a snap plate pin hole; 3. the head and tail contour lines of the web surface; 4. a cross positioning line; 41. a web plane centerline; 42. normal plane stubs; 5. a prepreg sheet; 6. a web centerline; 7. and (4) laser projection holes.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and that any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications using the technical contents disclosed. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention. The examples are as follows:
a method for positioning a material sheet paved on a slender flexible mould,
1) soft mold positioning: a laser projector is adopted to project a web face head-tail contour line 3 of the flexible mold 1 and a cross positioning line 4 consisting of a web face central line 41 and a normal plane short line 42 perpendicular to the web face head-tail contour line on a clamping tool 2, and then the flexible mold 1 is positioned, clamped and fixed on the clamping tool 2 according to the web face head-tail contour line 3 and the cross positioning line 4. The clamping tool 2 consists of a positioning workbench 21 and a plurality of movable block clamping snap-gauge plates 22, and the positioning workbench 21 is of an integral planar frame structure; the blocking clamping plates 22 are arranged on the plane of the positioning workbench 21 and distributed on two sides of the flexible mold 1 for clamping and fixing or loosening the flexible mold 1. The edge of the positioning workbench 21 is provided with a laser projection hole 7; the blocking clamping plate 22 comprises a plate body 221 and plate pins 222, the plate pins 222 are used for fixing the plate body 221 on the positioning workbench 21, and plate pin holes 223 for the plate pins 222 to pass through are formed in the plate body 221. The clamping plate pin 222 is a screw pin capable of being screwed loosely, so that the position of the clamping plate body 221 can be adjusted conveniently; the clamping plate pin holes 223 are long waist-shaped holes which are perpendicular to the long edges of the soft mold 1, and the clamping plate body 221 is pushed forwards and backwards along the clamping plate pin holes 223 to clamp and fix or loosen the soft mold 1.
In addition, in the step, the head and tail contour line 3 and the cross positioning line 4 of the web surface of the flexible die 1 are extracted and divided through CATIA software according to the model size of the flexible die 1. The method for establishing the cross positioning line 4 comprises the following steps: establishing a point by taking the long edge of one side of the web plate surface of the soft mould 1 as a straight line and every distance of 50-100 mm, establishing a normal plane passing through the point and perpendicular to the straight line through the straight line and the point, extracting the intersecting line of each normal plane and the web plate surface of the soft mould 1 as a normal plane short line 42, connecting the middle points of the normal plane short lines 42 to form a web plate surface central line 41, and intersecting the normal plane short lines 42 and the web plate surface central line 41 to form a cross positioning line 4. After the head and tail contour lines 3 and the cross positioning lines 4 of the web surface are established, the web surface is converted into a file which can be identified by a projector through Fibersim software for projection.
2) Positioning detection: and (3) sequentially checking whether the central line 41 of the web plate surface projected by the laser is on the middle point of the web plate surface of the flexible mould 1 by adopting a ruler or a caliper at every 100mm interval from one end of the flexible mould 1, and locally adjusting to ensure that the flexible mould 1 is qualified in positioning. The detection standard is that the difference between the distances from the central line 41 of the projected web surface to the two sides of the web surface of the soft mold 1 is within +/-1 mm. For the point which is detected to be unqualified, the distance between the two sides of the web plate surface of the soft die 1 is adjusted to be qualified by loosening the blocking clamping plate 22.
3) Paving tablets: after the flexible mold 1 is positioned qualified, the sheet midline 6 marked on the lining paper of the prepreg sheet 5 coincides with the web surface midline 41 of the flexible mold 1 thrown by a laser projector, and the prepreg sheet 5 is laid on the flexible mold 1. The material sheet central line 6 marked on the lining paper of the prepreg material sheet 5 is a web plate surface central line 41 of the soft die 1 which is extracted and divided by CATIA software according to the model size of the soft die 1, the web plate surface central line 41 is added into a blanking drawing of the prepreg material sheet 5 through Fibersim software, and then the material sheet central line 6 is marked on the lining paper of the material sheet when an automatic cloth cutting machine is used for blanking.
4) Web transfer: the soft mould 1 with the prepreg sheet 5 laid thereon is used as a core mould and is directly combined and positioned to a metal forming auxiliary tool for curing and forming, so that the risk of buckling of fibers of a pre-laid layer in the transfer process of the prepreg sheet 5 is avoided.
According to the method, the stability of the flexible mold in the paving process is improved by positioning through the clamping tool, the standard paving material sheet is obtained by combining the projection central line of the web surface of the flexible mold and the marked central line on the material sheet lining paper, and the paving angle of fibers is ensured. Prepreg material sheets are laid and adhered on a soft mold, and the soft mold is used as a core mold to be combined and positioned to a metal forming tool for auxiliary forming, so that the risk of buckling of pre-laid layer fibers in the sheet transfer process is avoided. And the clamping tool is designed into a clamping plate which is movable in a blocking mode and is positioned along with the type, so that the phenomenon that the axis tolerance of a forming die per se causes the axis of a part to be out of tolerance can be avoided. Meanwhile, the blocking movable type clamping plate can position the soft dies with different sizes by adjusting the position of the clamping plate, so that a sharing function is realized, the manufacturing cost is saved, and the blocking movable type clamping plate has extremely high practical and popularization values.
Claims (7)
1. A method for positioning a material sheet paved on a slender flexible mold is characterized in that:
1) soft mold positioning: projecting a web plate face head-tail contour line (3) of the flexible mold (1) and a cross positioning line (4) consisting of a web plate face central line (41) and a normal plane short line (42) perpendicular to the web plate face central line on a clamping tool (2) by adopting a laser projector, and then positioning and clamping the flexible mold (1) and fixing the flexible mold on the clamping tool (2) according to the web plate face head-tail contour line (3) and the cross positioning line (4); the clamping tool (2) consists of a positioning workbench (21) and a plurality of movable block clamping plates (22), and the positioning workbench (21) is of an integral planar frame structure; the blocking clamping plates (22) are arranged on the plane of the positioning workbench (21) and distributed on two sides of the soft mold (1) for clamping and fixing or loosening the soft mold (1); the edge of the positioning workbench (21) is provided with a laser projection hole (7); the blocking clamping chuck (22) comprises a chuck body (221) and chuck pins (222), the chuck pins (222) are used for fixing the chuck body (221) on the positioning workbench (21), and chuck pin holes (223) for the chuck pins (222) to penetrate through are formed in the chuck body (221); the clamping plate pin (222) is a screw pin which can be screwed loosely, so that the position of the clamping plate body (221) can be adjusted conveniently; the clamping plate pin holes (223) are long waist-shaped holes which are perpendicular to the long edges of the soft mold (1), and the clamping plate body (221) is pushed forwards and backwards along the clamping plate pin holes (223) to clamp and fix or loosen the soft mold (1);
2) positioning detection: sequentially checking whether the central line (41) of the web plate surface projected by the laser is on the middle point of the web plate surface of the soft mould (1) or not by adopting a ruler or a caliper at intervals from one end of the soft mould (1), and performing local adjustment to ensure that the soft mould (1) is qualified in positioning;
3) paving tablets: after the flexible mold (1) is positioned to be qualified, the sheet midline (6) marked on the lining paper of the prepreg sheet (5) is superposed with the web plate surface midline (41) of the flexible mold (1) thrown out by a laser projector, and the prepreg sheet (5) is paved on the flexible mold (1);
4) web transfer: the soft mould (1) paved with the prepreg sheet (5) is used as a core mould, and the core mould is directly combined and positioned to a metal forming auxiliary tool for curing and forming, so that the risk of buckling of pre-paved fibers in the transfer process of the prepreg sheet (5) is avoided.
2. A method for positioning a web being laid on an elongated flexible mold according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 1), the head and tail profile lines (3) and the cross positioning lines (4) of the web surface of the flexible mold (1) are extracted, divided and established according to the model size of the flexible mold (1) through CATIA software, and then converted into files capable of being recognized by a projector through Fibersim software for projection.
3. A method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the web positioning method comprises: the method for establishing the cross positioning line (4) comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of establishing a point at intervals by taking a long edge on one side of a web plate surface of a soft die (1) as a straight line, establishing a normal plane passing through the point and perpendicular to the straight line through the straight line and the point, extracting a crossed line of each normal plane and the web plate surface of the soft die (1) as a normal plane short line (42), connecting the middle points of the normal plane short lines (42) to form a web plate surface central line (41), and crossing the normal plane short line (42) and the web plate surface central line (41) to form a cross positioning line (4).
4. A method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the web positioning method comprises the steps of: the spacing distance between the normal plane short lines (42) is 50 mm-100 mm.
5. A method for positioning a web being laid on an elongated flexible mold according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), in the positioning detection, the distance between the selected detection points is 100 mm; the detection standard is that the difference between the distances from the central line (41) of the projected web surface to the two sides of the web surface of the soft mold (1) is within +/-1 mm.
6. A method for positioning a web being laid on an elongated flexible mold according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 2), the local adjustment is to adjust the distance between two sides of the web plate surface of the flexible die (1) through the block clamping plate (22) at the position where the loosening positioning detection is unqualified.
7. A method for positioning a web being laid on an elongated flexible mold according to claim 1, wherein: in the step 3), the sheet central line (6) marked on the lining paper of the prepreg sheet (5) is used for establishing a web plate surface central line (41) of the flexible mold (1) for CATIA software according to the model size extraction and division of the flexible mold (1), the web plate surface central line (41) is added into a blanking drawing of the prepreg sheet (5) through Fibersim software, and then the discharging sheet central line (6) is marked on the lining paper of the sheet when the prepreg sheet is blanked through an automatic cloth cutter.
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| CN112606270A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-06 | 陕西天翌天线股份有限公司 | Composite material I-beam autoclave forming die and using method thereof |
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