CN111822663B - Continuous production method of composite metal belt - Google Patents
Continuous production method of composite metal belt Download PDFInfo
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- CN111822663B CN111822663B CN201910890575.8A CN201910890575A CN111822663B CN 111822663 B CN111822663 B CN 111822663B CN 201910890575 A CN201910890575 A CN 201910890575A CN 111822663 B CN111822663 B CN 111822663B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0622—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two casting wheels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/008—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths of clad ingots, i.e. the molten metal being cast against a continuous strip forming part of the cast product
Abstract
The invention discloses a continuous production method of a composite metal belt, which comprises the following steps: a squeeze coating process for squeeze coating the metal layer on at least one side surface of the base material by utilizing a squeeze roller group; in the extrusion coating process, molten metal materials are added into the feeding sides of two extrusion rollers; and driving the two extrusion rollers to rotate, enabling the tangential speed of the extrusion rollers to be equal to the speed of the base material passing through between the two extrusion rollers, extruding and coating the molten metal material on the base material by using the extrusion rollers and forming a metal layer, and then cooling and shaping the metal layer according to a set cooling speed by using a cooling device arranged on the discharge side of the two extrusion rollers to obtain the composite metal belt. The continuous production method of the composite metal belt can meet the requirement of large-scale continuous production of the composite lithium belt, the thickness of the metal lithium layer can be thinner, and the quality of the composite lithium belt is more stable.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite lithium belt production process, in particular to a continuous production method of a composite metal belt.
Background
Since metallic lithium has a high capacity (theoretical 3860mAh/g), a low density (0.59g/cm3), and a low electrochemical potential (-3.04vvs. standard hydrogen electrode), a metallic lithium secondary battery using metallic lithium as a negative electrode has superior performance in that it has a high voltage, a high energy density, and a high energy density, as compared with a lithium ion battery using a graphite negative electrode.
The existing composite lithium belt generally adopts a processing mode of rolling and forming a metal lithium belt and a base material. The metal lithium belt is generally produced by an extrusion molding process, for example, a metal lithium belt production device disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN204564801U and a metal lithium belt processing method disclosed in chinese patent publication No. CN101497088B, all of which adopt an extrusion molding method. The composite lithium belt produced by the existing extrusion forming process has the defect of thicker thickness. When a thicker metal lithium belt is applied to the metal lithium battery, the capacity of the negative electrode is far more than that of the positive electrode, so that the waste of the metal lithium of the negative electrode is caused, the volume and the weight of the battery are increased, the volume and the mass energy density of the battery are reduced, and the promotion of the limit energy density of the metal lithium battery is not facilitated.
The chinese patent with publication number CN206992217U discloses a production device of composite lithium belt, which is equipped with a frame, wherein the frame is provided with an upper roller and a lower roller, the upstream of the rollers is provided with a current collector unwinding device, a lithium belt unwinding device and a protection film unwinding device, the downstream of the protection film unwinding device is provided with an unwinding guide roller, the downstream of the rollers is provided with a composite lithium belt winding device and a protection film winding device corresponding to the protection film unwinding device, and the upstream of the protection film winding device is provided with a winding guide roller. This apparatus for producing in compound lithium area adopts roll-in shaping's mode to be in the same place mass flow body and the compounding of metal lithium area, because metal lithium area itself thickness is thicker, in addition only rely on simple roll-in to combine together between metal lithium area and the mass flow body, have the problem that the cohesion is not enough.
Of course, some technical solutions for processing the composite lithium ribbon in a non-roll forming manner exist in the prior art. For example, chinese patent publication No. CN109360934A discloses a method for preparing an ultra-thin composite lithium tape, which comprises heating a lithium ingot to a molten state in an atmosphere of high purity argon, immersing a roughened conductive substrate into liquid lithium to form a slurry, slowly pulling out the slurry, adjusting the thickness of the slurry by a roller, air-cooling, and rolling to obtain a double-sided lithium-coated ultra-thin composite lithium tape with a total thickness of 10 to 50 μm. According to the preparation method of the ultrathin composite lithium belt, the composite lithium belt is produced by immersing the substrate into molten metal lithium for paddle hanging, however, due to the fact that the viscosity of the molten metal lithium is high, the thickness of the paddle hanging on the substrate is greatly different, and the condition that the paddle hanging is not hung possibly exists in some areas of the substrate, due to the action of gravity, the condition that the paddle hanging is carried out on the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the substrate is greatly different, the lower side surface of the substrate is difficult to stably hang the paddle, and the quality of the composite lithium belt prepared by the preparation method of the ultrathin composite lithium belt is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for continuously producing a composite metal belt, which can not only meet the requirement of large-scale continuous production of a composite lithium belt, but also make the thickness of a metal lithium layer thinner and make the quality of the composite lithium belt more stable.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of continuously producing a composite metal strip comprising:
a squeeze coating process for squeeze coating the metal layer on at least one side surface of the base material by utilizing a squeeze roller group;
in the extrusion coating process, molten metal materials are added into the feeding sides of two extrusion rollers; and driving the two extrusion rollers to rotate, enabling the tangential speed of the extrusion rollers to be equal to the speed of the base material passing through between the two extrusion rollers, extruding and coating the molten metal material on the base material by using the extrusion rollers and forming a metal layer, and then cooling and shaping the metal layer according to a set cooling speed by using a cooling device arranged on the discharge side of the two extrusion rollers to obtain the composite metal belt.
Further, when the base material and one of the extrusion rollers are in contact fit all the time, adding a molten metal material to one side of the base material, which faces the other extrusion roller, and extrusion-coating the metal layer on one side surface of the base material;
and when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material and the two extrusion rollers, respectively adding molten metal materials on two sides of the base material, and respectively extruding and coating the metal layers on two side surfaces of the base material.
Further, when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material and the two extrusion rollers, the same molten metal material is continuously added into the two sides of the base material, and the metal layers of the same molten metal material are respectively coated on the two sides of the base material in an extrusion manner; or continuously adding different molten metal materials on two sides of the base material respectively, and extruding and coating metal layers of different molten metal materials on two sides of the base material respectively.
Further, when the axes of the two extrusion rollers are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the feeding side is arranged above the two extrusion rollers.
Further, when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material and the two extrusion rollers, the base material passes through the two extrusion rollers along a vertical downward direction.
Further, the extrusion gap between the base material and the two extrusion rollers is equal, or the difference between the extrusion gap between the base material and the two extrusion rollers is within a set range.
Further, directly adding a molten metal material to the feeding sides of the two extrusion rollers, and keeping the molten metal material in a molten state by using a heating device arranged on the feeding sides of the two extrusion rollers; or spraying metal particles or metal powder above the two extrusion rollers, and melting the metal particles or the metal powder by using a heating device arranged on the feeding side of the two extrusion rollers to obtain the molten metal material.
Further, the base material is made of a reticular foil material, and when the metal layer is arranged on only one side surface of the base material, the metal layer is embedded into meshes of the base material and is compounded with the base material; when the metal layers are arranged on the side surfaces of the two sides of the base material, the metal layers arranged on the two sides of the base material are connected together through meshes on the base material; or the like, or, alternatively,
through holes are formed in the base material in an array mode, and when the metal layer is arranged on only one side face of the base material, the metal layer is embedded into the through holes of the base material and is combined with the base material; when the metal layers are arranged on the side surfaces of the two sides of the base material, the metal layers arranged on the two sides of the base material are connected together through the through holes in the base material.
Further, the substrate is a copper strip, an aluminum strip, a steel strip, a nickel strip, a silver strip, a gold strip or a strip compounded by metal materials and non-metal materials, or the substrate is a release paper.
Further, the molten metal material adopts, but is not limited to, metallic lithium, metallic sodium, metallic potassium, metallic magnesium, metallic calcium, metallic zinc, metallic aluminum or metallic silver; or the molten metal material is an alloy prepared by at least two of metal lithium, metal sodium, metal potassium, metal magnesium, metal calcium, metal zinc, metal aluminum and metal silver according to a proportion.
Further, the molten metal material is extrusion-coated on the side surface of the base material under a set atmosphere environment.
Further, the cooling device cools the metal layer to a set temperature range according to a set cooling curve.
Further, the method comprises a finishing procedure, wherein the composite metal belt is sequentially rolled by utilizing at least one group of finishing roller groups; or adopting laser finishing equipment to enable the thickness of the metal layer to reach the set thickness.
Further, after the composite metal belt is cooled and shaped by a cooling device, the composite metal belt is recovered to normal temperature under natural conditions, and then the composite metal belt is finished.
Further, in the finishing process, the metal layer is maintained within a set temperature range favorable for its finishing.
And further, the method also comprises a trimming procedure, wherein trimming treatment is carried out on the side edges of the two sides of the metal layer by using a trimming tool.
Further, before the composite metal belt is rolled, a separation film for preventing two adjacent composite metal belts from being adhered together is compounded on at least one side surface of the composite metal belt.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the continuous production method of the composite metal belt, the base material penetrates through the space between the two extrusion rollers, the molten metal material is continuously added and kept on the feeding side of the extrusion rollers, the molten metal material is extruded and coated on the base material by the extrusion rollers to form the metal layer, and the composite metal belt is obtained after cooling and shaping, so that the production requirement of the composite metal belt can be met, and compared with a mode that a metal lithium belt and the base material are directly rolled and compounded in the prior art, the composite metal belt obtained by the continuous production method of the composite metal belt has better bonding force, and the metal layer can be thinner and even can reach below 10 mu m; compared with the existing mode of producing the composite lithium belt by immersing the base material into molten metal for paddle hanging, the composite lithium belt continuous production equipment has the advantages that the metal layer of the composite metal belt produced by the equipment is uniform in thickness, the defect that the metal layer is not covered in certain areas of the base material is overcome, and the quality is more stable; in conclusion, the continuous production method of the composite metal strip can meet the requirement of large-scale continuous production of the composite metal strip, the thickness of the metal layer can be thinner, and the quality of the composite metal strip is more stable.
Drawings
In order to make the object, technical scheme and beneficial effect of the invention more clear, the invention provides the following drawings for explanation:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a production apparatus suitable for use in example 1 of the continuous production method of a composite metal strip of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is detail A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second air inlet/outlet manner of the air cooler;
FIG. 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a production apparatus suitable for use in embodiment 2 of the continuous production method of a composite metal strip of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a substrate; 2-a composite metal strip; 3-extruding rollers; 4-a feed pump; 4 a-a nozzle; 5-a drainage plate; 6-heating zone; 7-constant temperature area; 8-air guide partition board; 8 a-a cold air channel; 8 b-a return channel; 9-air intake gap; 10-a scraper; 11-a collection box; 12-a finishing roll; 13-a heat preservation device; 14-unwinding tension adjusting roller; 15-rolling tension adjusting roller; 16-unwinding roller; 17-a wind-up roll; 18-a pressure regulating mechanism; 19-a guide roll; 20-an isolating film; 21-a diaphragm unwinding mechanism; 22-composite roll set.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can practice the present invention, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the continuous manufacturing apparatus for a composite metal strip according to the present invention. The continuous production apparatus for a composite metal strip of the present embodiment includes:
unwinding mechanism: comprises an unwinding roller 16 for continuously unwinding the substrate 1;
extrusion molding device: for extruding a metal layer on at least one side of the substrate 1 and obtaining a composite metal strip 2;
a winding mechanism: the winding device comprises a winding roller 17 for winding the prepared composite metal belt 2;
the extrusion forming device comprises an extrusion roller set, and the extrusion roller set comprises two extrusion rollers 3 with mutually parallel axes; feeding devices for adding molten metal materials are arranged on the feeding sides of the two extrusion rollers 3;
the feeding side of the extrusion roller group is provided with a high-temperature area for keeping the molten metal material in a molten state, and the discharging side of the extrusion roller group is provided with a cooling area for cooling and shaping the composite metal belt 2;
a guide mechanism for enabling the substrate 1 to pass through between the two squeezing rollers 3 is arranged between the unreeling mechanism and the reeling mechanism, and the guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide rollers 19.
Further, a roll gap adjusting mechanism for adjusting a roll gap is arranged between the two extrusion rollers 3, so that the width of the roll gap between the two extrusion rollers 3 can be adjusted, and the forming thickness of the metal layer can be controlled.
Further, when the base material 1 is in contact fit with one of the squeeze rolls 3 all the time, the feeding device comprises a feeding mechanism for feeding the molten metal material to the side of the base material 1 facing the other squeeze roll; when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3, the feeding device comprises two feeding mechanisms which are respectively used for feeding molten metal materials to two sides of the base material. In the present embodiment, a squeezing gap is provided between the base material 1 and each of the two squeezing rollers 3.
Further, when the axes of the two extrusion rollers 3 are located on the same horizontal plane, the feeding side is above the two extrusion rollers 3. The guide mechanism of the present embodiment guides the base material 1 to pass between the two press rolls 3 in a vertically downward direction. Specifically, the guide mechanism guides the base material 1 so that the pressing gap between the base material 1 and the two pressing rolls 3 is equal, or so that the difference in the pressing gap between the base material 1 and the two pressing rolls 3 is within a set range. The extrusion gap between the substrate 1 and the two extrusion rolls 3 of the present embodiment is equal, i.e. the thickness of the metal layers extruded on both sides of the substrate 1 is equal.
Further, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pump 4 for conveying the molten metal material into the high-temperature area, or the feeding mechanism comprises a powder spraying device for conveying metal particles or metal powder into the high-temperature area, and the feeding device further comprises a melting and heating mechanism which is arranged in the high-temperature area and is used for melting the metal particles or the metal powder and forming the molten metal material. The two feeding mechanisms of the embodiment are respectively positioned on two sides of a vertical symmetrical plane between the two extrusion rollers 3, so that the technical purpose of respectively conveying metal to two sides of the base material at the same time can be realized. The feeding mechanism of the embodiment comprises a feeding pump 4 for conveying molten metal to the high-temperature area, and a nozzle 4a for conveying the molten metal to the high-temperature area is arranged on the feeding pump 4.
Further, a drainage device for draining the molten metal material to the upper part of the two squeezing rollers 3 is arranged in the high-temperature area. The drainage device of this embodiment includes a drainage plate 5 disposed within the high temperature zone. Specifically, the drainage plate 5 of this embodiment sets up to two, and two drainage plates 5 are located two material feeding unit's below respectively, and two drainage plates 5 of this embodiment are the symmetry setting for the vertical symmetry between two squeeze roll 3, so, can be respectively with the molten metal material that is located 1 both sides of substrate water conservancy diversion respectively to between two squeeze roll 3. The heating area 6 that is used for the heating is equipped with to one side that two drainage plates 4 of this embodiment carried on the back mutually, forms constant temperature district 7 between two drainage plates 5, is equipped with heating equipment in the heating area 6, and the temperature in the constant temperature district 7 is used for making the molten metal material keep the molten state, or makes metal particle or metal powder melt and keep the molten state.
Furthermore, a cold air device is arranged in the cooling area. The cold wind device includes the cold wind unit that corresponds the setting with the side that substrate 1 was equipped with the metal level, and the cold wind unit of this embodiment sets up to two, and two cold wind units are located the both sides of substrate 1 respectively. The cold air unit comprises an air guide partition plate 8; a cold air channel 8a which is opposite to the discharging side of the extrusion roller group and blows cooling medium is arranged on the outer side of the air guide partition plate back to the base material 1, and a return channel 8b for cooling medium backflow is formed between the air guide partition plate and the base material 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 2; or a cold air channel facing the discharging side of the extrusion roller set for blowing the cooling medium is formed between the air guide partition plate and the base material 1, and a backflow channel for backflow of the cooling medium is arranged on the outer side of the air guide partition plate, which is back to the base material 1, as shown in fig. 3. Specifically, an air inlet gap 9 is arranged between the air guide partition plate 8 and the extrusion roller 3, and the air inlet gap is communicated with the cold air channel and the backflow channel.
Further, the continuous production equipment for the composite metal strip of the embodiment further comprises a scraper 10 for scraping off the metal attached to the squeeze roll 3, and a collection box 11 is arranged below the scraper 10 of the embodiment and used for collecting the scraped metal for recycling.
The substrate 1 of this embodiment is, but not limited to, a copper strip, an aluminum strip, a steel strip, a nickel strip, a silver strip, a gold strip, or a strip made of a composite of a metal material and a non-metal material. The substrate 1 is provided with through holes in an array mode on the reticular foil or strip, the metal layers which are respectively compounded on the two sides of the substrate 1 are connected into a whole through the meshes or the through holes which are formed in the substrate 1, and the bonding strength between the metal layers and the substrate can be effectively improved. The molten metal material of the present embodiment is, but not limited to, metallic lithium, metallic sodium, metallic potassium, metallic magnesium, metallic calcium, metallic zinc, metallic aluminum or metallic silver; or an alloy of at least two of metal lithium, metal sodium, metal potassium, metal magnesium, metal calcium, metal zinc, metal aluminum and metal silver.
Further, be equipped with the finishing district between extrusion device of this embodiment and the winding mechanism. At least one finishing roller group is arranged in the finishing area at intervals, and each finishing roller group comprises two finishing rollers 12 which are correspondingly arranged. The finishing area of this embodiment is equipped with 4 sets of finishing roller group, of course, according to actual need, finishing roller group can also set up to 1 group, 2 groups, 3 groups, 5 groups or more than 5 groups, and its principle is equivalent, no longer describes in a word. Of course, the composite metal strip 2 may be finished in other manners, such as a laser finishing device disposed in the finishing area for finishing the composite metal strip, and so on, which will not be described again.
Specifically, between two adjacent finishing roller sets, the roll gap of the finishing roller set close to one side of the extrusion forming device is larger than or equal to the roll gap of the finishing roller set close to one side of the winding mechanism. Specifically, the finishing roller group further includes a pressure adjusting mechanism 18 for adjusting the rolling pressure. Between two adjacent finishing roller sets, the rolling pressure of the finishing roller set close to one side of the extrusion forming device is less than or equal to the rolling pressure of the finishing roller set close to one side of the winding mechanism, the thickness of the metal layer on the composite metal strip is gradually controlled, and the surface precision of the composite metal strip reaches a set value.
Further, the finishing area of this embodiment is provided with a heat preservation device 13 for keeping the rolling temperature within a set range, so that the metal can be softened within the set temperature range, thereby facilitating further rolling.
Further, at least one of the two finishing rollers 12 in the last finishing roller set is provided with a pin for rolling a hole on the corresponding metal layer of the composite metal strip 2, and in this embodiment, the two finishing rollers 12 in the last finishing roller set are provided with pins, so that holes can be simultaneously processed on the metal layers on the upper and lower sides of the composite metal strip 2. Of course, a mode of arranging a roll hole area on the rear side of the finishing area may also be adopted, a roll set or a pressing plate set for processing a hole on at least one metal layer of the composite metal strip 2 is arranged in the roll hole area at this time, a roll needle for rolling the hole is arranged on the roll set or the pressing plate set, and the technical purpose of processing a hole on the metal layer of the composite metal strip 2 may also be satisfied.
Specifically, the rolling needle of this embodiment is a nanoscale rolling needle, and the outer diameter of the rolling needle is greater than or equal to 1nm and less than or equal to 1 um. The distance between two adjacent rolling needles satisfies the following conditions:
L≤kδ
wherein, L is the hole spacing of the nanoscale holes; k is a coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 1; δ is the diffusion control layer thickness.
The diffusion control layer thickness is:
wherein δ is the diffusion control layer thickness; d is a diffusion coefficient; t is time.
Further, a film laminating mechanism for laminating the separator film 20 on at least one side surface of the composite metal tape 2 is provided between the finishing area and the winding mechanism of the embodiment. The film laminating mechanism of the present embodiment laminates the separation film 20 on the lower side surface of the laminated metal tape 2. Specifically, the film laminating mechanism of the present embodiment includes a film unwinding mechanism 21 for unwinding the separator film 20, and a laminating roller group 22 for laminating the laminating metal tape 2 and the separator film 20 together. By laminating a separable separator film on at least one side of the composite metal tape 2, adhesion between the metal layers of the composite metal tape 2 wound together can be avoided when the metal layers are made of soft metal.
The following describes a specific embodiment of the continuous composite metal strip production method with reference to the continuous composite metal strip production apparatus of this embodiment.
The continuous production method of the composite metal strip of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
a squeeze coating step of squeeze coating a metal layer on at least one side surface of the base material 1 by a squeeze roller group;
in the extrusion coating process, molten metal material is added to the feeding sides of two extrusion rollers 3; and driving the two extrusion rollers 3 to rotate, enabling the tangential speed of the extrusion rollers 3 to be equal to the speed of the base material 1 passing between the two extrusion rollers 3, extruding and coating the molten metal material on the base material 1 by using the extrusion rollers 3 to form a metal layer, and then cooling and shaping the metal layer according to a set cooling speed by using a cooling device arranged on the discharge side of the two extrusion rollers 3 to obtain the composite metal belt 2.
Further, while the base material 1 is kept in contact fit with one of the squeeze rolls 3 all the time, a molten metal material is added to the side of the base material 1 facing the other squeeze roll 3, and a metal layer is extrusion-coated on the side surface of one side of the base material 1; when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3, molten metal materials are respectively added into two sides of the base material 1, and metal layers are respectively coated on two side surfaces of the base material 1 in an extrusion manner.
Extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3, the same molten metal material is continuously added into the two sides of the base material 1, and the metal layers coated with the same molten metal material are respectively extruded and coated on the two sides of the base material 1; or continuously adding different molten metal materials on two sides of the base material 1 respectively, and extruding and coating metal layers of different molten metal materials on two sides of the base material 1 respectively.
When the axes of the two squeeze rolls 3 of this embodiment are located on the same horizontal plane, the upper side of the two squeeze rolls 3 is the feeding side, and the base material 1 of this embodiment passes through between the two squeeze rolls 3 along the vertical downward direction.
Further, the pressing gap between the base material 1 and the two pressing rolls 3 is equal, or the difference in the pressing gap between the base material 1 and the two pressing rolls 3 is within a set range. The extrusion gap between the base material 1 and the two extrusion rolls 3 of the present embodiment is equal, that is, metal layers with equal thickness are extrusion-coated on both sides of the base material 1.
Further, in the charging, the molten metal material may be directly charged at the feed sides of the two squeeze rolls 3, and the molten metal material may be kept in a molten state by using heating devices provided at the feed sides of the two squeeze rolls; alternatively, metal particles or metal powder is sprayed over the two squeeze rolls 3, and the metal particles or metal powder is melted by a heating device provided on the feed side of the two squeeze rolls to obtain a molten metal material. In this embodiment, molten metal is directly fed above two extrusion rolls 3 by arranging a feed pump 4. Of course, a powder spraying device can be used for spraying metal particles or metal powder above the two squeezing rollers 3, the principle is equivalent, and the description is not repeated.
Further, the substrate 1 may be a mesh foil or the substrate 1 may be provided with through holes in an array. If the substrate 1 is made of a mesh foil, the metal layers disposed on both sides of the substrate 1 are connected together by the mesh holes on the substrate 1. If the substrate 1 is provided with through holes in an array, the metal layers disposed on both sides of the substrate 1 are connected together through the through holes on the substrate 1. The bonding strength between the metal layer and the substrate 1 can be effectively enhanced. Specifically, the base material 1 is, but not limited to, a copper strip, an aluminum strip, a steel strip, a nickel strip, a silver strip, a gold strip, or a strip made of a composite of a metal material and a non-metal material, which will not be described in detail.
Further, the molten metal material adopts but is not limited to metallic lithium, metallic sodium, metallic potassium, metallic magnesium, metallic calcium, metallic zinc, metallic aluminum or metallic silver; or the molten metal material is an alloy prepared by at least two of metal lithium, metal sodium, metal potassium, metal magnesium, metal calcium, metal zinc, metal aluminum and metal silver according to a proportion. Specifically, according to different situations, nonmetal can be doped in the metal. And according to different characteristics of different metals, the metal can be extruded and coated on the side surface of the base material 1 under the set atmosphere environment. Of course, furthermore, the same metal can be continuously added to the two sides of the base material, and the metal layers of the same metal can be respectively extruded and formed on the two sides of the base material; or continuously adding different metals on two sides of the base material respectively, and respectively extruding and forming metal layers of different metals on two sides of the base material, namely the continuous production method of the composite metal strip can respectively extrude and form metal layers of the same metal on two sides of the base material respectively, or can respectively extrude and form metal layers of different metals on two sides of the base material 1 according to requirements. The metal in this embodiment is metal lithium, and according to the use situation, the metal lithium may be doped with materials such as rare earth, carbon, graphite, and graphene, which will not be described again.
Further, the mass of the metal added in unit time is:
q＝vlhρ+q0
wherein q is the mass of the metal added in a unit time;
v is the velocity of the substrate;
l is the width of the metal layer extruded on the substrate;
h is the thickness of the metal layer;
ρ is the density of the metal;
q0is the loss of metal in the extrusion process per unit time, such as a small amount of metal adhered to the surface of the extrusion roll 3.
Further, the conveying speed of the base material 1 is 0-400km/h, and the conveying speed of the base material 1 is adjusted according to different metal layers so as to ensure that the metal layers can be smoothly formed. In the present embodiment, the distance between the two side surfaces of the substrate 1 and the two squeeze rolls 3 is equal, and metal layers having the same thickness can be formed by extrusion on the two sides of the substrate 1. Of course, in the production of some composite metal strips, it is also possible to set the distance between the two sides of the substrate 1 and the two press rolls 3 to be unequal, i.e. to extrude metal layers of different thicknesses on the two sides of the substrate 1. Further, the distance between the two side surfaces of the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3 is greater than or equal to 0.02um, namely the thickness of the metal layer is greater than or equal to 0.02um, the distance between the two side surfaces of the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3 can be set according to actual requirements, and then the metal layers with different thicknesses can be extruded and formed.
Further, the cooling device cools the metal layer to a set temperature range according to a set cooling curve, on one hand, the cooling device needs to rapidly cool the metal layer to prevent the metal extruded to the base material 1 and still in a molten state from falling off from the base material 1, and on the other hand, the cooling rate can be adjusted to enable the metal layer to obtain a required crystal form without being described in detail.
Further, the continuous production method of the composite metal strip of the embodiment further comprises a finishing process, wherein the composite metal strip or the laser finishing equipment is sequentially rolled by utilizing at least one group of finishing roller sets, so that the thickness of the metal layer reaches the set thickness. Specifically, the composite metal strip can be cooled and shaped by a cooling device, and then recovered to normal temperature under natural conditions, and then finished. Specifically, in the present embodiment, the finishing roller set is used to finish the composite metal strip 2, and in the finishing process, the metal layer is maintained within the set temperature range favorable for the finishing forming of the metal layer.
And further, at least one of the two finishing rollers in the last finishing roller group is provided with a rolling needle for rolling a hole on the corresponding metal layer of the composite metal strip. Or, the continuous production method of the composite metal strip of the embodiment further includes a hole rolling process after the finishing process, and the hole rolling process is used for processing holes on at least one metal layer of the composite metal strip by using a roller rolling or pressing plate pressing mode. In the embodiment, holes are processed on the composite metal strip by arranging the rolling pins on the finishing rollers of the last finishing roller group. Specifically, the holes rolled on the metal layer are nanoscale holes, the aperture of each nanoscale hole is larger than or equal to 1nm and smaller than or equal to 1um, and the hole spacing between the nanoscale holes meets the following requirements:
L≤kδ
wherein, L is the hole spacing of the nanoscale holes; k is a coefficient, and k is more than or equal to 1; δ is the diffusion control layer thickness.
Further, the diffusion control layer has the thickness:
wherein δ is the diffusion control layer thickness; d is a diffusion coefficient; t is time.
By defining the inter-pore spacing between the nanoscale pores by the diffusion-controlling layer thickness, the effects of mass transfer or diffusion control can be eliminated or reduced.
Further, before the composite metal tape is wound, the separation film 20 for preventing the adjacent two composite metal tapes from being stuck together is compounded on at least one side surface of the composite metal tape 2, and in the present embodiment, the separation film 20 is compounded only on the lower side surface of the composite metal tape 2, and for some soft metal layers, the sticking together between the metal layers can be prevented.
The continuous production method of the composite metal belt of the embodiment enables the base material to pass through the space between the two extrusion rollers, continuously adds the material for keeping molten metal on the feeding side of the extrusion rollers, utilizes the extrusion rollers to extrude and coat the molten metal on the base material to form the metal layer, and obtains the composite metal belt after cooling and shaping, can meet the production requirement of the composite metal belt, and compared with the mode of directly rolling and compounding the metal lithium belt and the base material in the prior art, the composite metal belt obtained by adopting the continuous production method of the composite metal belt has better bonding force, and the metal layer can be thinner and even can reach below 10 um; compared with the existing mode of producing the composite lithium belt by immersing the base material into molten metal for paddle hanging, the composite lithium belt continuous production equipment has the advantages that the metal layer of the composite metal belt produced by the equipment is uniform in thickness, the defect that the metal layer is not covered in certain areas of the base material is overcome, and the quality is more stable; in conclusion, the continuous production method of the composite metal strip of the embodiment can meet the requirement of large-scale continuous production of the composite metal strip, the thickness of the metal layer can be thinner, and the quality of the composite metal strip is more stable.
Example 2
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of an embodiment 2 of the continuous production apparatus for a composite metal strip according to the present invention. The continuous production apparatus for a composite metal strip of the present embodiment includes:
unwinding mechanism: comprises an unwinding roller 16 for continuously unwinding the substrate 1;
extrusion molding device: for extruding a metal layer on at least one side of the substrate 1 and obtaining a composite metal strip 2;
a winding mechanism: the winding device comprises a winding roller 17 for winding the prepared composite metal belt 2;
the extrusion forming device comprises an extrusion roller set, and the extrusion roller set comprises two extrusion rollers 3 with mutually parallel axes; feeding devices for adding molten metal materials are arranged on the feeding sides of the two extrusion rollers 3;
the feeding side of the extrusion roller group is provided with a high-temperature area for keeping the molten metal material in a molten state, and the discharging side of the extrusion roller group is provided with a cooling area for cooling and shaping the composite metal belt 2;
a guide mechanism for enabling the substrate 1 to pass through between the two squeezing rollers 3 is arranged between the unreeling mechanism and the reeling mechanism, and the guide mechanism comprises a plurality of guide rollers 19.
Further, a roll gap adjusting mechanism for adjusting a roll gap is arranged between the two extrusion rollers 3, so that the width of the roll gap between the two extrusion rollers 3 can be adjusted, and the forming thickness of the metal layer can be controlled.
Further, when the base material 1 is in contact fit with one of the squeeze rolls 3 all the time, the feeding device comprises a feeding mechanism for feeding the molten metal material to the side of the base material 1 facing the other squeeze roll; when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3, the feeding device comprises two feeding mechanisms which are respectively used for feeding molten metal materials to two sides of the base material. The base material 1 of the present embodiment is in contact engagement with one of the squeeze rolls 3 at all times.
Further, the axes of the two squeeze rolls 3 of this embodiment are located on the same horizontal plane, and the feeding side is located above the two squeeze rolls 3. The guide mechanism of the embodiment guides the base material 1 to be in contact fit with one of the squeeze rollers 3 all the time, and a squeezing gap is arranged between the base material 1 and the other squeeze roller 3, namely a metal layer extruded on one side surface of the base material 1.
Further, the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding pump 4 for conveying the molten metal material into the high-temperature area, or the feeding mechanism comprises a powder spraying device for conveying metal particles or metal powder into the high-temperature area, and the feeding device further comprises a melting and heating mechanism which is arranged in the high-temperature area and is used for melting the metal particles or the metal powder and forming the molten metal material. The feeding mechanism of the embodiment comprises a feeding pump 4 for conveying molten metal to the high-temperature area, and a nozzle 4a for conveying the molten metal to the high-temperature area is arranged on the feeding pump 4.
Further, a drainage device for draining the molten metal material to the upper part of the two squeezing rollers 3 is arranged in the high-temperature area. The drainage device of this embodiment includes a drainage plate 5 disposed within the high temperature zone. Specifically, the drainage plate 5 of this embodiment is set to 1, and this drainage plate 5 is used for draining the molten metal material to in the extrusion clearance.
Furthermore, a cold air device is arranged in the cooling area. The cold wind device includes the cold wind unit that corresponds the setting with the side that substrate 1 is equipped with the metal level, and the cold wind unit of this embodiment sets up to 1. Of course, the cooling air units may be disposed as two cooling air units respectively disposed at two sides of the substrate 1, which will not be described in detail. The cold air unit of the embodiment comprises an air guide partition plate 8; a cold air channel 8a which is opposite to the discharging side of the extrusion roller group and blows cooling medium is arranged on the outer side of the air guide partition plate back to the base material 1, and a return channel 8b for cooling medium backflow is formed between the air guide partition plate and the base material 1, as shown in fig. 2; or a cold air channel facing the discharging side of the extrusion roller set for blowing the cooling medium is formed between the air guide partition plate and the base material 1, and a backflow channel for backflow of the cooling medium is arranged on the outer side of the air guide partition plate, which is back to the base material 1, as shown in fig. 3. Specifically, an air inlet gap 9 is arranged between the air guide partition plate 8 and the extrusion roller 3, and the air inlet gap is communicated with the cold air channel and the backflow channel.
The substrate 1 of this embodiment is, but not limited to, a copper strip, an aluminum strip, a steel strip, a nickel strip, a silver strip, a gold strip, or a strip made of a composite of a metal material and a non-metal material. The base material 1 is provided with through holes in an array mode on a reticular foil material or a strip material, and the metal layer compounded on one side of the base material 1 is embedded into the meshes or the through holes, so that the bonding strength is improved.
Of course, the substrate 1 of this embodiment may also adopt, but is not limited to, a release paper, and the release paper in the composite metal tape may be peeled off from the metal layer to obtain the metal tape when in use. Specifically, the release paper can be implemented by using various existing release films, and the release paper of this embodiment can be a release film combination for processing a battery-grade lithium tape described in chinese patent application with publication number CN107236144A, which will not be described repeatedly.
Other embodiments of the present embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and are not described in detail.
The following describes a specific embodiment of the continuous composite metal strip production method with reference to the continuous composite metal strip production apparatus of this embodiment.
The continuous production method of the composite metal strip of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
a squeeze coating step of squeeze coating a metal layer on at least one side surface of the base material 1 by a squeeze roller group;
in the extrusion coating process, molten metal material is added to the feeding sides of two extrusion rollers 3; and driving the two extrusion rollers 3 to rotate, enabling the tangential speed of the extrusion rollers 3 to be equal to the speed of the base material 1 passing between the two extrusion rollers 3, extruding and coating the molten metal material on the base material 1 by using the extrusion rollers 3 to form a metal layer, and then cooling and shaping the metal layer according to a set cooling speed by using a cooling device arranged on the discharge side of the two extrusion rollers 3 to obtain the composite metal belt 2.
Further, while the base material 1 is kept in contact fit with one of the squeeze rolls 3 all the time, a molten metal material is added to the side of the base material 1 facing the other squeeze roll 3, and a metal layer is extrusion-coated on the side surface of one side of the base material 1; when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material 1 and the two extrusion rollers 3, molten metal materials are respectively added into two sides of the base material 1, and metal layers are respectively coated on two side surfaces of the base material 1 in an extrusion manner. The base material 1 of the present embodiment is always in contact fit with one of the squeeze rolls 3, that is, the molten metal material is fed only to the side of the base material 1 facing the other squeeze roll 3, and the metal layer is extrusion-coated on the side of the base material 1. The axes of the two squeeze rolls 3 of this embodiment are located on the same horizontal plane, and the feeding side is located above the two squeeze rolls 3.
Further, in the charging, the molten metal material may be directly charged at the feed sides of the two squeeze rolls 3, and the molten metal material may be kept in a molten state by using heating devices provided at the feed sides of the two squeeze rolls; alternatively, metal particles or metal powder is sprayed over the two squeeze rolls 3, and the metal particles or metal powder is melted by a heating device provided on the feed side of the two squeeze rolls to obtain a molten metal material. In this embodiment, molten metal is directly fed above two extrusion rolls 3 by arranging a feed pump 4. Of course, a powder spraying device can be used for spraying metal particles or metal powder above the two squeezing rollers 3, the principle is equivalent, and the description is not repeated.
Further, the substrate 1 may be a mesh foil or the substrate 1 may be provided with through holes in an array. If the substrate 1 is a mesh foil, the metal layer of this embodiment disposed on one side of the substrate 1 is embedded in the mesh of the substrate 1. If the substrate 1 is provided with through holes in an array, the metal layer disposed on one side of the substrate 1 of this embodiment is embedded in the through holes of the substrate 1. The bonding strength between the metal layer and the substrate 1 can be effectively enhanced. Specifically, the substrate 1 is a copper strip, an aluminum strip, a steel strip, a nickel strip, a silver strip, a gold strip, or a strip made of a composite material of a metal material and a non-metal material, but not limited to, release paper may also be used as the substrate 1 of this embodiment, and the release paper in the composite metal strip may be peeled off from the metal layer to obtain the metal strip. Specifically, the release paper can be implemented by using various existing release films, and the release paper of this embodiment can be a release film combination for processing a battery-grade lithium tape described in chinese patent application with publication number CN107236144A, which will not be described repeatedly.
Other embodiments of the present embodiment are the same as embodiment 1, and are not described in detail.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. The equivalent substitution or change made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the invention is all within the protection scope of the invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (17)
1. A method for continuously producing a composite metal strip, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a squeeze coating process for squeeze coating the metal layer on at least one side surface of the base material by utilizing a squeeze roller group;
in the extrusion coating process, molten metal materials are added into the feeding sides of two extrusion rollers; driving the two extrusion rollers to rotate, enabling the tangential speed of the extrusion rollers to be equal to the speed of the base material passing through the space between the two extrusion rollers, extruding and coating the molten metal material on the base material by using the extrusion rollers and forming a metal layer, and then cooling and shaping the metal layer according to a set cooling speed by using a cooling device arranged on the discharge side of the two extrusion rollers to obtain a composite metal belt;
the cooling device comprises a cold air unit which is arranged corresponding to the side surface of the substrate provided with the metal layer, and the cold air unit comprises an air guide partition plate; a cold air channel which is opposite to a discharging side blowing cooling medium of the extrusion roller set is arranged on the outer side of the air guide partition plate back to the base material, and a backflow channel for backflow of the cooling medium is formed between the air guide partition plate and the base material; or a cold air channel which is over against the cooling medium blown from the discharging side of the extrusion roller set is formed between the air guide partition plate and the base material, and a backflow channel for backflow of the cooling medium is arranged on the outer side of the air guide partition plate, which is back to the base material;
an air inlet gap is arranged between the air guide partition plate and the extrusion roller and is communicated with the cold air channel and the backflow channel.
2. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that:
when the base material is in contact fit with one of the extrusion rollers all the time, adding a molten metal material to one side of the base material facing the other extrusion roller, and extruding and coating the metal layer on one side surface of the base material;
and when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material and the two extrusion rollers, respectively adding molten metal materials on two sides of the base material, and respectively extruding and coating the metal layers on two side surfaces of the base material.
3. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material and the two extrusion rollers, the same molten metal material is continuously added into the two sides of the base material, and the metal layers coated with the same molten metal material are respectively extruded and coated on the two sides of the base material; or continuously adding different molten metal materials on two sides of the base material respectively, and extruding and coating metal layers of different molten metal materials on two sides of the base material respectively.
4. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: when the axes of the two extrusion rollers are positioned on the same horizontal plane, the feeding side is arranged above the two extrusion rollers.
5. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: when extrusion gaps are respectively arranged between the base material and the two extrusion rollers, the base material passes through the two extrusion rollers along the vertical downward direction.
6. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: the extrusion gap between the base material and the two extrusion rollers is equal, or the difference value of the extrusion gap between the base material and the two extrusion rollers is within a set range.
7. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: directly adding molten metal materials into the feeding sides of the two extrusion rollers, and keeping the molten metal materials in a molten state by utilizing heating devices arranged on the feeding sides of the two extrusion rollers; or spraying metal particles above the two extrusion rollers, and melting the metal particles by using a heating device arranged on the feeding side of the two extrusion rollers to obtain the molten metal material.
8. Method for the continuous production of composite metal strip according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that:
the base material is a reticular foil material, and when the base material (1) is provided with the metal layer on only one side surface, the metal layer is embedded into meshes of the base material (1) and is compounded with the base material (1); when the metal layers are arranged on the side surfaces of the two sides of the base material (1), the metal layers arranged on the two sides of the base material (1) are connected together through meshes on the base material (1); or the like, or, alternatively,
the substrate is provided with through holes in an array mode, and when the substrate (1) is provided with the metal layer only on one side face, the metal layer is embedded into the through holes of the substrate (1) and is compounded with the substrate (1); when the metal layers are arranged on the side surfaces of the two sides of the base material (1), the metal layers arranged on the two sides of the base material (1) are connected together through the through holes in the base material (1).
9. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: the base material (1) adopts a copper strip, an aluminum strip, a steel strip, a nickel strip, a silver strip, a gold strip or a strip compounded by metal materials and non-metal materials, or the base material (1) adopts release paper.
10. Method for the continuous production of composite metal strip according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: the molten metal material adopts metal lithium, metal sodium, metal potassium, metal magnesium, metal calcium, metal zinc, metal aluminum or metal silver; or the molten metal material is an alloy prepared by matching at least two of metal lithium, metal sodium, metal potassium, metal magnesium, metal calcium, metal zinc, metal aluminum and metal silver.
11. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the molten metal material is extrusion coated on the side surface of the base material under a set atmosphere environment.
12. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and the cooling device cools the metal layer to a set temperature range according to a set cooling curve.
13. Method for the continuous production of composite metal strip according to any one of claims 1 to 7,11 to 12, characterized in that: the method also comprises a finishing procedure, wherein at least one group of finishing roller groups are used for rolling the composite metal strip in sequence; or adopting laser finishing equipment to enable the thickness of the metal layer to reach the set thickness.
14. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that: after the composite metal belt is cooled and shaped by the cooling device, the composite metal belt is recovered to normal temperature under natural conditions, and then the composite metal belt is finished.
15. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that: in the finishing process, the metal layer is maintained within a set temperature range that facilitates its finishing.
16. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 13, characterized in that: and the trimming process is also included, and the trimming tool is used for trimming the side edges of the two sides of the metal layer.
17. The continuous composite metal strip production method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: before the composite metal belt is wound, a separation film for preventing two adjacent layers of composite metal belts from being adhered together is compounded on at least one side surface of the composite metal belt.
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| CN113793920B (en) * | 2021-08-09 | 2023-07-25 | 华中科技大学 | Construction method and application of in-situ lithium aluminum alloy layer on surface of metal lithium |
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