CN111817402B - Method and device for thermal runaway safety management of full-state battery - Google Patents
Method and device for thermal runaway safety management of full-state battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN111817402B CN111817402B CN202010734052.7A CN202010734052A CN111817402B CN 111817402 B CN111817402 B CN 111817402B CN 202010734052 A CN202010734052 A CN 202010734052A CN 111817402 B CN111817402 B CN 111817402B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000010280 constant potential charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000010277 constant-current charging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000007600 charging Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003797 telogen phase Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/00032—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries characterised by data exchange
- H02J7/00036—Charger exchanging data with battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M10/4257—Smart batteries, e.g. electronic circuits inside the housing of the cells or batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00309—Overheat or overtemperature protection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/00714—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery charging or discharging current
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/007188—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters
- H02J7/007192—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature
- H02J7/007194—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the charge cycle being controlled or terminated in response to non-electric parameters in response to temperature of the battery
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4278—Systems for data transfer from batteries, e.g. transfer of battery parameters to a controller, data transferred between battery controller and main controller
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
A method and a device for thermal runaway safety management of a full-state battery relate to the technical field of power electronics. The invention is composed of a basic data memory, a loop detection module, a loop state judging device, a threshold value setting device, a thermal runaway protector, an early warning module and a loop cut-off warning module; the thermal runaway protector consists of a constant-current charging protector, a constant-voltage charging protector, a discharging state protector and a standing state protector; the realization of the invention subdivides the charge and discharge period of the battery, and distinguishes the warning and the early warning, and the early warning of the thermal runaway can judge whether the trend of the thermal runaway exists or not when the temperature reaches 60 percent of the warning temperature of the thermal runaway, and gives the early warning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics.
Background
Thermal runaway of a battery means that the battery undergoes an accumulated enhancing effect of current and battery temperature at the time of constant voltage charge and is gradually damaged. After the battery reaches a certain temperature, the temperature is uncontrollable, and the temperature rises linearly, and then the battery burns and explodes. And overheat, overcharge, internal short-circuit, collision, etc. are several key factors that cause thermal runaway of the power battery.
Thermal runaway caused by short circuit is classified into thermal runaway caused by external short circuit and thermal runaway caused by internal short circuit. Boeing 787 airliners have been fired by battery explosion. When the accident cause is found, the electrode and the diaphragm are found to have metal objects, and internal short circuit is generated. While the expert cannot 100% confirm that thermal runaway is triggered by an internal short, it is the most likely cause because no other cause is found.
The cause of the fire event of the pure electric bus is "overcharge triggered thermal runaway", specifically, the safety function of the battery management system itself to the overcharged circuit is lost, so that the BMS of the battery is out of control but still charges.
There is no absolute reliable method to avoid occurrence of thermal runaway and spread of thermal runaway in battery systems, so it is extremely necessary to make a thermal runaway warning before occurrence of thermal runaway in order to reduce the damage of thermal runaway.
Chinese invention patent application number: CN2020101241848, patent name: a thermal runaway early warning method, device and system of a power storage battery of an electric automobile are disclosed, wherein the patent obtains air pressure data in a storage battery pack; when the air pressure data is abnormal, sending a verification request to a battery management system to acquire data to be verified in a storage battery pack; and when the data to be checked meets the preset conditions, sending a thermal runaway alarm signal to the whole vehicle. The implementation of the patent requires that the amount of gas released after thermal runaway of the used storage battery is measured in advance, and the volume of gas carried by the sealed space where the battery is positioned is measured, so that the gas pressure can be used as an alarm condition of the thermal runaway.
Chinese invention patent application number CN2020100634977, patent name: the utility model provides a car battery thermal runaway early warning control method and system, the system includes whole car controller and battery package, and the battery package includes electric core, flexible circuit board and explosion-proof valve, and flexible circuit board sets up on the explosion-proof valve, and flexible circuit board includes first detection return circuit and second detection return circuit, and the method includes: acquiring state information of a battery; comparing the state information with each preset judging condition to obtain a first comparison result, and generating first prompt information or second prompt information; when the battery is in an abnormal working state, a first voltage value of a first detection loop and a second voltage value of a second detection loop are obtained; when the first voltage value and the second voltage value are not smaller than the first preset value, third prompt information is displayed, and the third prompt information is used for prompting that the battery is in a thermal runaway state; the patent judges the thermal runaway state of the battery in a multi-stage manner by the mode that the flexible circuit board is pressed by pressure in the expansion stage of the battery to be connected so as to send out a signal, and the method is a detection method, but the expansion of the battery represents that the thermal runaway has occurred, and the aim of pre-warning cannot be achieved.
Chinese invention patent application number CN202010059835X, patent name: the patent collects the information of the type and concentration of the gas released from the battery in real time, outputs a voltage signal representing the information of the concentration of the gas, and uses the released gas concentration to give an alarm for thermal runaway, so that not only the gas phase composition of the released gas after various batteries are required to be known, but also a certain concentration is required to be reached to represent that the thermal runaway has occurred, and the early warning cannot be given out.
Chinese invention patent application number CN2019223747421, patent name: the patent adopts a sensor device to monitor the overheated battery in the battery, and the sensor device adopts a special flexible film sensor; the battery thermal runaway expansion principle is used for alarming, and early warning cannot be completed.
Chinese invention patent application number CN2019112170133, patent name: the patent is based on three-level early warning of temperature, smoke and characteristic gas detection, the temperature of the patent can be used as early warning, the smoke and the characteristic gas belong to the category of post warning, but the early warning of the temperature value is not as sensitive and effective as the early warning of the acceleration value of the temperature, the early warning value is reached to the temperature value, the thermal runaway of the battery is already the current state, but the early warning of the temperature is advanced compared with the early warning of the pressure and the smoke.
Chinese invention patent application number CN201911128270X, patent name: a battery thermal runaway early warning system and method, this patent is based on temperature, smog and tertiary early warning of characteristic gas detection, this patent uses the pressure detection device that sets up in waiting to monitor battery module both ends and sets up the charge switch in waiting to monitor the module charging loop, is pressure early warning technique equally.
The method and the technology for carrying out effective thermal runaway safety management on the full state of a battery charging link, a battery discharging link and a battery standing link are not needed in the prior art, the main reason that the prior art does not distinguish the links where the battery is located is that the early warning of the thermal runaway stays behind for early warning, the early warning of the thermal runaway is carried out by finding out the thermal runaway trend before the thermal runaway does not occur, the use cycle of the battery needs to be subdivided into a charging cycle, a discharging cycle and a standing cycle, and the charging cycle is divided into a constant voltage charging cycle and a constant current charging cycle to take differentiated early warning management.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the defects of the prior art, the method and the device for realizing the thermal runaway safety management of the full-state battery consist of a basic data memory, a loop detection module, a loop state judgment device, a threshold value setting device, a thermal runaway protector, an early warning module and a loop cut-off warning module; the thermal runaway protector consists of a constant-current charging protector, a constant-voltage charging protector, a discharging state protector and a standing state protector;
The base data storage is used for storing system configuration parameters, and the system configuration parameters comprise: constant current charging current limiting point, constant voltage charging voltage and loop battery monomer number; the constant current charging current limiting point is the maximum current in constant current charging, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and meanwhile, the detection precision range is provided; the constant voltage charging voltage is the stable charging voltage when the constant current charging is transited to the constant voltage charging, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and meanwhile, the detection precision range is provided; the number of the battery cells in the loop is the number of all the batteries participating in charging and discharging in the whole loop, and the number of the battery cells is determined and written into a basic data memory when a system is built;
The loop current collector of the loop detection module collects a loop current value, the charging current is a positive value, and the discharging current is a negative value; a loop voltage collector of the loop detection module collects a loop voltage value;
The loop state determiner is responsible for determining the state in which the loop is: when the loop current value is positive and is within the detection precision range of the constant current charging current limiting point, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a constant current charging stage at the moment and signals the constant current charging stage to the thermal runaway protector; when the loop current is positive and is out of the detection precision range of the constant-current charging current limiting point and the loop voltage value is within the detection precision range of the constant-voltage charging voltage, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a constant-voltage charging stage at the moment and notifies the thermal runaway protector of the constant-voltage charging stage; when the loop current value is negative, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a discharge phase at that time, and signals the discharge phase to the thermal runaway protector; when the loop current value is zero, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a rest phase at this time, and signals the rest phase to the thermal runaway protector;
A loop cut-off threshold is set by a threshold setter according to a thermal runaway temperature threshold given by a battery manufacturer multiplied by 90 percent; setting a first alarm threshold, a second alarm threshold and a third alarm threshold by a threshold setting device; the first alarm threshold is selected from 80 to 89 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the second alarm threshold is selected from 70 percent to 79 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the third alarm threshold is selected from 60 to 69 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; setting a temperature rise rate threshold value of the single battery during normal charging by a threshold value setting device, wherein the temperature rise rate is the integral of dividing the temperature by the time; setting a temperature acceleration threshold value of the single battery during normal charging by a threshold value setting device, wherein the temperature acceleration is the integral of the temperature rising rate divided by the time;
the thermal runaway protector receives the constant current charging stage signal, the constant current charging protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the constant current charging protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; when the battery temperature reaches a first alarm threshold value and the battery voltage acquired by the battery voltage acquisition unit is higher than five percent of the average voltage of the loop battery, the constant-current charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal, and the average voltage of the battery is obtained by dividing the loop voltage value acquired by the loop voltage acquisition unit by the number of the loop battery cells;
The thermal runaway protector receives the constant voltage charging stage signal, the constant voltage charging protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the constant voltage charging protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; the constant voltage charging protector detects the loop current value acquired by the loop current collector and integrates the loop current value in time, and when the time integral value of the loop current value continuously increases, the constant voltage charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal, and the continuously-increased time period is judged to be set within a range of 2 minutes to 10 minutes; the constant voltage charging protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature is higher than a second alarm threshold and the battery temperature rising rate is higher than the temperature rising rate threshold, the constant voltage charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal; when the temperature of the battery is higher than a third alarm threshold value and the temperature acceleration of the battery temperature rise is higher than a temperature acceleration threshold value, the constant voltage charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal;
the thermal runaway protector receives the discharging stage signal, the discharging state protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the discharging state protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; when the battery temperature reaches a first alarm threshold value and the battery voltage acquired by the battery voltage acquisition unit is higher than five percent of the average voltage of the single loop, the discharge state protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal;
The thermal runaway protector receives the standing phase signal, the battery temperature collected by the battery temperature collector of the detection module of the standing state protector detects the battery temperature, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the standing state protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; the static state protector collects the ambient temperature, and when the battery temperature collected by the battery temperature collector rises at a speed greater than the ambient temperature, the static state protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal.
Advantageous effects
The invention subdivides the charge and discharge period of the battery, and distinguishes the warning and the early warning, and the early warning of the thermal runaway can judge whether the trend of the thermal runaway exists or not when the temperature reaches 60 percent of the warning temperature of the thermal runaway at the earliest time, and gives the early warning.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a loop detection module according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the unit detecting module structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a method and apparatus for implementing thermal runaway safety management of a full-state battery of the present invention is composed of a basic data storage 1, a loop detection module 2, a loop state determiner 3, a threshold setter 4, a thermal runaway protector 5, an early warning module 6 and a loop cut-off warning module 7; the thermal runaway protector 5 is composed of a constant current charging protector 50, a constant voltage charging protector 51, a discharging state protector 52, and a standing state protector 53;
The base data storage 1 is used to store system configuration parameters including: constant current charging current limiting point, constant voltage charging voltage and loop battery monomer number; the constant current charging current limiting point is the maximum current in constant current charging, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and meanwhile, the detection precision range is provided; the constant voltage charging voltage is the stable charging voltage when the constant current charging is transited to the constant voltage charging, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and meanwhile, the detection precision range is provided; the number of the battery cells in the loop is the number of all the batteries participating in charging and discharging in the whole loop, and the number of the battery cells is determined and written into a basic data memory when a system is built;
The loop current collector 20 of the loop detection module 2 collects a loop current value, the charging current is a positive value, and the discharging current is a negative value; the loop voltage collector 21 of the loop detection module 2 collects a loop voltage value;
The loop state determiner 3 is responsible for determining the state in which the loop is: when the loop current value is positive and within the detection accuracy range of the constant current charging current limiting point, the loop state determiner 3 determines that the loop state is a constant current charging stage at this time, and signals the constant current charging stage to the thermal runaway protector 5; when the loop current is positive and is out of the detection accuracy range of the constant-current charging current limit point and the loop voltage value is within the detection accuracy range of the constant-voltage charging voltage, the loop state determiner 3 determines that the loop state is the constant-voltage charging stage at this time and notifies the thermal runaway protector 5 of the constant-voltage charging stage signal; when the loop current value is negative, the loop state determiner 3 determines that the loop state at this time is a discharge phase, and notifies the thermal runaway protector 5 of the discharge phase signal; when the loop current value is zero, the loop state determiner 3 determines that the loop state at this time is a rest phase, and notifies the thermal runaway protector 5 of the rest phase signal;
A loop cut-off threshold is set by the threshold setter 4 according to the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer multiplied by 90 percent; the threshold value setting device 4 sets a first alarm threshold value, a second alarm threshold value and a third alarm threshold value; the first alarm threshold is selected from 80 to 89 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the second alarm threshold is selected from 70 percent to 79 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the third alarm threshold is selected from 60 to 69 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the threshold value setting device 4 sets a temperature rise rate threshold value of the single battery during normal charging, wherein the temperature rise rate is the integral of dividing the temperature by the time; the threshold value setting device 4 sets a temperature acceleration threshold value when the single battery is normally charged, wherein the temperature acceleration is the integral of the temperature rising rate divided by the time;
The thermal runaway protector 5 receives the constant current charging stage signal, the constant current charging protector 50 detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit 82 of the unit detection module 8, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the constant current charging protector 50 notifies the loop cut-off alarm module 7 to send out an alarm signal and cuts off the loop; when the battery temperature reaches the first alarm threshold value and the battery voltage acquired by the battery voltage acquisition unit 80 is higher than five percent of the average voltage of the loop battery, the constant-current charging protector 50 informs the early-warning module 6 to send out an early-warning signal, and the average voltage of the battery is obtained by dividing the loop voltage value acquired by the loop voltage acquisition unit 20 by the number of the loop battery cells;
The thermal runaway protector 5 receives the constant voltage charging stage signal, the constant voltage charging protector 51 detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit 82 of the unit detection module 8, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the constant voltage charging protector 51 notifies the loop cut-off alarm module 7 to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; the constant voltage charging protector 51 detects the loop current value acquired by the loop current collector 21 and integrates the loop current value in time, and when the time integral value of the loop current value continuously becomes large, the constant voltage charging protector 51 notifies the early warning module 6 to send out an early warning signal, and judges that the continuously-large time period setting range is 2 minutes to 10 minutes; the constant voltage charging protector 51 detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit 82 of the unit detection module 8, and when the battery temperature is higher than the second alarm threshold and the battery temperature rising rate is higher than the temperature rising rate threshold, the constant voltage charging protector 51 notifies the early warning module 6 to send out an early warning signal; when the battery temperature is higher than the third warning threshold value and the temperature acceleration of the battery temperature rise is greater than the temperature acceleration threshold value, the constant voltage charging protector 51 notifies the early warning module 6 to send out an early warning signal; the thermal runaway protector 5 receives the discharging stage signal, the discharging state protector 52 detects the battery temperature collected by the battery temperature collector 82 of the unit detection module 8, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the discharging state protector 52 notifies the loop cut-off alarm module 7 to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; when the battery temperature reaches the first alarm threshold value and the battery voltage acquired by the battery voltage acquisition unit 80 is higher than five percent of the average voltage of the single loop, the discharge state protector 52 informs the early warning module 6 to send out an early warning signal;
The thermal runaway protector 5 receives the standing phase signal, the standing state protector 53 detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit 82 of the unit detection module 8, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the standing state protector 53 notifies the loop cut-off alarm module 7 to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; the standing state protector 53 collects the ambient temperature, and when the battery temperature rising speed collected by the battery temperature collector 82 is greater than the ambient temperature rising speed, the standing state protector 53 notifies the early warning module 6 to send out an early warning signal.
Claims (2)
1. The device is characterized by comprising a basic data memory, a loop detection module, a loop state judgment device, a threshold value setting device, a thermal runaway protector, an early warning module and a loop cut-off warning module; the thermal runaway protector consists of a constant-current charging protector, a constant-voltage charging protector, a discharging state protector and a standing state protector;
The base data storage is used for storing system configuration parameters, and the system configuration parameters comprise: constant current charging current limiting point, constant voltage charging voltage and loop battery monomer number; the constant current charging current limiting point is the maximum current in constant current charging, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and meanwhile, the detection precision range is provided; the constant voltage charging voltage is the stable charging voltage when the constant current charging is transited to the constant voltage charging, and is provided by a battery manufacturer, and meanwhile, the detection precision range is provided; the number of the battery cells in the loop is the number of all the batteries participating in charging and discharging in the whole loop, and the number of the battery cells is determined and written into a basic data memory when a system is built;
The loop current collector of the loop detection module collects a loop current value, the charging current is a positive value, and the discharging current is a negative value; a loop voltage collector of the loop detection module collects a loop voltage value;
The loop state determiner is responsible for determining the state in which the loop is: when the loop current value is positive and is within the detection precision range of the constant current charging current limiting point, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a constant current charging stage at the moment and signals the constant current charging stage to the thermal runaway protector; when the loop current is positive and is out of the detection precision range of the constant-current charging current limiting point and the loop voltage value is within the detection precision range of the constant-voltage charging voltage, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a constant-voltage charging stage at the moment and notifies the thermal runaway protector of the constant-voltage charging stage; when the loop current value is negative, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a discharge phase at that time, and signals the discharge phase to the thermal runaway protector; when the loop current value is zero, the loop state determiner determines that the loop state is a rest phase at this time, and signals the rest phase to the thermal runaway protector;
Setting a loop cut-off threshold, a first alarm threshold, a second alarm threshold and a third alarm threshold by a threshold setter; setting a temperature rise rate threshold value of the single battery during normal charging by a threshold value setting device, wherein the temperature rise rate is the integral of dividing the temperature by the time; setting a temperature acceleration threshold value of the single battery during normal charging by a threshold value setting device, wherein the temperature acceleration is the integral of the temperature rising rate divided by the time;
the thermal runaway protector receives the constant current charging stage signal, the constant current charging protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the constant current charging protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; when the battery temperature reaches a first alarm threshold value and the battery voltage acquired by the battery voltage acquisition unit is higher than five percent of the average voltage of the loop battery, the constant-current charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal, and the average voltage of the battery is obtained by dividing the loop voltage value acquired by the loop voltage acquisition unit by the number of the loop battery cells;
The thermal runaway protector receives the constant voltage charging stage signal, the constant voltage charging protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the constant voltage charging protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; the constant voltage charging protector detects the loop current value acquired by the loop current collector and integrates the loop current value in time, and when the time integral value of the loop current value continuously increases, the constant voltage charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal, and the continuously-increased time period is judged to be set within a range of 2 minutes to 10 minutes; the constant voltage charging protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature is higher than a second alarm threshold and the battery temperature rising rate is higher than the temperature rising rate threshold, the constant voltage charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal; when the temperature of the battery is higher than a third alarm threshold value and the temperature acceleration of the battery temperature rise is higher than a temperature acceleration threshold value, the constant voltage charging protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal;
the thermal runaway protector receives the discharging stage signal, the discharging state protector detects the battery temperature acquired by the battery temperature acquisition unit of the module, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the discharging state protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; when the battery temperature reaches a first alarm threshold value and the battery voltage acquired by the battery voltage acquisition unit is higher than five percent of the average voltage of the single loop, the discharge state protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal;
The thermal runaway protector receives the standing phase signal, the battery temperature collected by the battery temperature collector of the detection module of the standing state protector detects the battery temperature, and when the battery temperature reaches the loop cut-off threshold value, the standing state protector informs the loop cut-off alarm module to send out an alarm signal and cut off the loop; the static state protector collects the ambient temperature, and when the battery temperature collected by the battery temperature collector rises at a speed greater than the ambient temperature, the static state protector informs the early warning module to send out an early warning signal.
2. An apparatus for thermal runaway safety management of full state batteries according to claim 1, wherein the threshold setter sets the loop cut-off threshold according to the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer multiplied by 90 percent; setting a first alarm threshold, a second alarm threshold and a third alarm threshold by a threshold setting device; the first alarm threshold is selected from 80 to 89 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the second alarm threshold is selected from 70 percent to 79 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer; the third warning threshold is selected in the range of 60 to 69 percent of the thermal runaway temperature threshold given by the battery manufacturer.
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