CN111812579A - Ultra-precise transition time measuring method and system - Google Patents

Ultra-precise transition time measuring method and system Download PDF

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CN111812579A
CN111812579A CN202010907079.1A CN202010907079A CN111812579A CN 111812579 A CN111812579 A CN 111812579A CN 202010907079 A CN202010907079 A CN 202010907079A CN 111812579 A CN111812579 A CN 111812579A
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reference signal
ultra
reference signals
transit time
center frequency
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CN111812579B (en
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王正海
王玉皞
周辉林
高晓晓
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Nanchang University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/02—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using radio waves
    • G01S1/08—Systems for determining direction or position line
    • G01S1/20—Systems for determining direction or position line using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional antennas or antenna systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems
    • G01S1/30—Systems for determining direction or position line using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional antennas or antenna systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems the synchronised signals being continuous waves or intermittent trains of continuous waves, the intermittency not being for the purpose of determining direction or position line and the transit times being compared by measuring the phase difference
    • G01S1/306—Analogous systems in which frequency-related signals (harmonics) are compared in phase, e.g. DECCA systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/70—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S1/00—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith
    • G01S1/72—Beacons or beacon systems transmitting signals having a characteristic or characteristics capable of being detected by non-directional receivers and defining directions, positions, or position lines fixed relatively to the beacon transmitters; Receivers co-operating therewith using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • G01S1/76—Systems for determining direction or position line
    • G01S1/80—Systems for determining direction or position line using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional transducers or transducer systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems
    • G01S1/807—Systems for determining direction or position line using a comparison of transit time of synchronised signals transmitted from non-directional transducers or transducer systems spaced apart, i.e. path-difference systems the synchronised signals being continuous waves or intermittent trains of continuous waves, the intermittency not being for the purpose of determining direction or position line and the transit times being compared by measuring the phase difference

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-precise transition time measuring method and a system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: simultaneously generating a reference signal synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies according to the requirement of a measurement rule; receiving reference signals synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies in parallel, and resolving the phase of each reference signal; converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end; the measured transit times of the plurality of reference signals are converted to unique high-precision transit times. The invention utilizes the instantaneous ultra-wideband processing capability of the instantaneous ultra-wideband radio frequency technology to simultaneously generate the reference signal synthesized by a plurality of central frequencies according to a specific rule and form the instantaneous ultra-wideband reference signal in space, thereby forming the ultra-precise transit time measuring capability and being capable of measuring the transit time of the reference signal from a transmitting end to a receiving end with ultra-high precision and low cost.

Description

Ultra-precise transition time measuring method and system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless information systems, in particular to an ultra-precise transit time measuring method and system.
Background
With the continuous development of information technology and the continuous deepening of urbanization process, building safety, traffic safety, environmental safety, infrastructure safety and the like become important pillars for national safety such as the affairs economy, the livelihood, the national defense safety and the like, and form an important foundation for the national safety. The wireless information system technology and equipment are adopted to detect and monitor the running time, position, motion speed, acceleration, displacement, deformation and the like of buildings, traffic, environments, infrastructures and the like, and form the technical foundation for safe running of the buildings, the traffic, the environments, the infrastructures and the like.
Taking bridge safety as an example, monitoring and diagnosing a bridge structure, and timely performing damage assessment and safety early warning become necessary requirements for bridge construction. In the long-term use process of the bridge, the structural damage and the function degradation of the bridge are caused by environmental erosion, material aging, increasingly heavy traffic, and the increasing number of passing bridges of heavy vehicles and overweight vehicles. Thereby the capability of resisting natural disasters and even normal environment action is reduced, and disaster accidents are caused under extreme conditions, thereby causing serious casualties and property loss. In order to guarantee the bearing capacity, durability and safety of the bridge structure during operation, it is very important to monitor the health of the large-scale bridge structure which is built and built.
The bridge structure health monitoring comprises local monitoring and overall monitoring. In the local monitoring aspect, optical fibers, piezoelectric smart materials and sensing elements, such as optical fibers, resistance strain wires, fatigue life wires, piezoelectric materials, carbon fibers, semiconductor materials, shape memory alloys, and the like, can be used. They adopt the surface attachment or embedding mode to sense the important part and important component of the structure and obtain the parameter signal reflecting the local structure characteristics. On the whole monitoring, commonly used dynamic deformation monitoring methods include an accelerometer method, a photogrammetry method, a laser scanning measurement method, a ground microwave interference radar method, a GNSS measurement method, and an RTS measurement method. The accelerometer method obtains dynamic displacement through twice integral acceleration, but the method is always questioned, mainly generates a trend term in the integral process, and cannot measure long-period quasi-static displacement. The photogrammetry method is to acquire images or videos of a monitored target and acquire the dynamic displacement of the monitored target through the steps of recording, measuring, analyzing and the like. The three-dimensional laser scanning method is characterized in that a monitoring target is scanned through high-speed laser, and three-dimensional coordinate data of the surface of the monitoring target are rapidly acquired in a large area and high resolution mode. The common disadvantage of photographic and laser scanning measurement methods is that the range is short and the measurement accuracy decreases rapidly as the apparent distance increases. With the advent of high sampling rate GNSS receivers, GNSS receivers have been applied in the field of structural health monitoring, however, GNSS plane and elevation measurement accuracies are limited to the range of 10-20mm, which restricts the development of GNSS monitoring technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-precise transit time measuring method to solve the problem of low measurement accuracy in the prior art.
An ultra-precise transit time measurement method, comprising:
simultaneously generating a reference signal synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies according to the requirement of a measurement rule;
receiving reference signals synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies in parallel, and resolving the phase of each reference signal;
converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
the measured transit times of the plurality of reference signals are converted to unique high-precision transit times.
According to the ultra-precise transit time measuring method provided by the invention, the instantaneous ultra-wide band processing capacity of the instantaneous ultra-wide band radio frequency technology is utilized, the reference signals synthesized by a plurality of central frequencies are simultaneously generated according to a specific rule, and the instantaneous ultra-wide band reference signals are synthesized, so that the ultra-precise transit time measuring capacity is formed, the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end can be measured at ultra-high precision and low cost, and the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the position and the deformation of a carrier attached to the transmitting and receiving end can be further calculated based on the time information, so that the ultra-precise transit time measuring method can be widely applied to the ultra-high precision detection and monitoring of the operation time, the position, the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the deformation and the like of. The time measurement precision of the invention can reach picosecond magnitude, the corresponding displacement measurement precision can reach submillimeter magnitude, and the invention has wide military and civil application prospect.
In addition, according to the ultra-precise transit time measuring method of the present invention, the following additional technical features may be provided:
further, in the measurement rule, the reference signal center frequency satisfies equations (1) and (2):
Figure 949471DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
（1）
Figure 189959DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
（2）
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Nrepresenting the number of reference signals;
Figure 734073DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
expressing the operation of solving the least common multiple;
Figure 85420DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 703483DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
Figure 941304DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is shown as
Figure 644818DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 658911DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
；
Figure 334742DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
the representation takes any element of the set,
Figure 713771DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
and
Figure 232477DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
represents the center frequency of an arbitrary reference signal;
Figure 925627DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
representing a non-ambiguous time measurement range;
Figure 846178DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
represents the sampling rate;
Figure 333791DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
and
Figure 575679DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
representing an integer.
Further, the synthesized reference signal is:
Figure 72520DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 519681DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
expressed as natural constantseA base exponential function;
Figure 568409DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 671494DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
；jrepresenting a complex symbol;
Figure 565501DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is shown asnRandom data modulated on the reference signals;trepresenting time.
Further, the step of receiving in parallel the reference signals synthesized by the plurality of center frequencies and calculating the phase of each reference signal specifically includes:
performing analog-to-digital conversion on the received reference signal;
carrying out Fourier transform on the reference signal subjected to the analog-to-digital conversion;
determining a frequency domain index after Fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal;
and reading Fourier transform complex values corresponding to the frequency domain indexes, substituting the complex values into an arc tangent algorithm, and solving the phase of each reference signal.
Further, the step of determining the frequency domain index after fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal specifically includes:
first, for each reference signal center frequency, fromkStarting with =0, each step is 1, and searching respectively for positive infinity and negative infinity until finding the first integer satisfying formula (3)kSo far:
Figure 336011DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
（3）
then, the frequency domain index of the center frequency of each reference signal after Fourier transform is calculated by adopting the formula (4)
Figure 227743DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
：
Figure 942758DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
（4）
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Kwhich represents the length of the fourier transform,
Figure 515822DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
indicating a take-down integer operation.
Further, in the step of converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end, the phase of each reference signal is converted into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end by using the following formula:
Figure 937576DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 35763DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
is shown asnThe transit time of each reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
Figure 910178DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
is shown asnThe phase of each reference signal;
Figure 145988DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
is shown asnA center frequency of the reference signal;
Figure 422248DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
is the firstnA carrier ambiguity number for each reference signal;
Figure 859046DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
indicating a take-down integer operation.
Further, in the step of converting the measured transit times of the plurality of reference signals into unique high-precision transit times, all possible transit times in equation (6) are traversed
Figure 548653DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
A combination of (1);
Figure 729099DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
（6）
find a compound satisfying the formula (5)
Figure 187762DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
A combination of (1);
Figure 795461DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
（5）
then, the formula (1) will be satisfied, that is
Figure 208250DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
Is/are as follows
Figure 192386DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
The combination of (A) is substituted into the above formula and calculated to obtain
Figure 505556DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
；
Finally, calculate
Figure 284156DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
Obtaining unique high-precision transit time;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 948355DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
indicating a preset maximum time measurement error,
Figure 267341DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
it means that the absolute value is calculated,
Figure 310384DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
indicating a take-down integer operation.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide an ultra-precise transit time measuring system to solve the problem of low measurement precision in the prior art.
An ultra-precise transit time measurement system comprising:
the measurement reference signal generation module is used for simultaneously generating a reference signal synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies according to the requirement of a measurement rule;
the transition phase measurement module is used for receiving the reference signals synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies in parallel and resolving the phase of each reference signal;
the time-of-flight measuring module is used for converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the time of flight of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
and the transition time de-ambiguity module is used for converting the measured transition times of the plurality of reference signals into unique high-precision transition times.
According to the ultra-precise transit time measuring system provided by the invention, the instantaneous ultra-wide band processing capacity of the instantaneous ultra-wide band radio frequency technology is utilized, the composite emission reference signal of a plurality of central frequencies is generated simultaneously according to a specific rule, and the composite emission reference signal is synthesized, so that the ultra-precise transit time measuring capacity is formed, the transit time of the reference signal from the emission end to the receiving end can be measured at ultra-high precision and low cost, and the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the position and the deformation of a carrier attached to the transmission and receiving end can be further calculated based on the time information, so that the ultra-precise transit time measuring system can be widely applied to the ultra-high precision detection and monitoring of the operation time, the position, the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the deformation and the like of buildings. The time measurement precision of the invention can reach picosecond magnitude, the corresponding displacement measurement precision can reach submillimeter magnitude, and the invention has wide military and civil application prospect.
In addition, the ultra-precise transit time measuring system according to the present invention may have the following additional technical features:
further, in the measurement rule, the reference signal center frequency satisfies the following formula:
Figure 384519DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
Figure 411381DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Nrepresenting the number of reference signals;
Figure 268478DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
expressing the operation of solving the least common multiple;
Figure 54775DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 440757DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
；
Figure 813970DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
is shown as
Figure 412441DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
The center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 492393DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
；
Figure 642752DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
the representation takes any element of the set,
Figure 378626DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
and
Figure 171002DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
represents the center frequency of an arbitrary reference signal;
Figure 308722DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
representing a non-ambiguous time measurement range;
Figure 567665DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
represents the sampling rate;
Figure 151356DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
and
Figure 153947DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
representing an integer.
Further, the synthesized reference signal is:
Figure 146173DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 169493DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
expressed as natural constantseA base exponential function;
Figure 879960DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 748559DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
；jrepresenting a complex symbol;
Figure 595292DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
is shown asnRandom data modulated on the reference signals;trepresenting time.
Further, the transit phase measurement module is specifically configured to:
performing analog-to-digital conversion on the received reference signal;
carrying out Fourier transform on the reference signal subjected to the analog-to-digital conversion;
determining a frequency domain index after Fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal;
and reading Fourier transform complex values corresponding to the frequency domain indexes, substituting the complex values into an arc tangent algorithm, and solving the phase of each reference signal.
Further, the transit phase measurement module is specifically configured to:
first, for each reference signal center frequency, fromkStarting with =0, each step is 1, and searching respectively for positive infinity and negative infinity until the first integer satisfying the following formula is foundkSo far:
Figure 523934DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
then, the frequency domain index of the center frequency of each reference signal after Fourier transform is calculated by the following formula
Figure 721697DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
：
Figure 886663DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Kwhich represents the length of the fourier transform,
Figure 853482DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
indicating a take-down integer operation.
Further, the transit time measuring module is specifically configured to convert the phase of each reference signal into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end by using the following formula:
Figure 218604DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 700401DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
is shown asnThe transit time of each reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
Figure 176382DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
is shown asnThe phase of each reference signal;
Figure 997707DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
is shown asnA center frequency of the reference signal;
Figure 35195DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
is the firstnA carrier ambiguity number for each reference signal;
Figure 941972DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
indicating a take-down integer operation.
Further, the transit time deblurring module is specifically configured to:
traverse all possible in the following equation
Figure 628168DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
A combination of (1);
Figure 897475DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
find the satisfaction belowOf formula (II)
Figure 604400DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
A combination of (1);
Figure 857527DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
then, the formula (1) will be satisfied, that is
Figure 550676DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
Is/are as follows
Figure 704184DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
The combination of (A) is substituted into the above formula and calculated to obtain
Figure 457376DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
；
Finally, calculate
Figure 463378DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
Obtaining unique high-precision transit time;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 694639DEST_PATH_IMAGE080
indicating a preset maximum time measurement error,
Figure 469697DEST_PATH_IMAGE081
it means that the absolute value is calculated,
Figure 924950DEST_PATH_IMAGE082
indicating a take-down integer operation.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of embodiments of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of an ultra-precise transit time measuring method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unambiguous time measuring range of 4us
Figure 293614DEST_PATH_IMAGE083
(ii) a Maximum allowed time measurement error of 0.01ns
Figure 453200DEST_PATH_IMAGE084
(ii) a A sampling rate of
Figure 53071DEST_PATH_IMAGE085
；N=3 reference signals having center frequencies of
Figure 882486DEST_PATH_IMAGE086
、
Figure 128660DEST_PATH_IMAGE087
、
Figure 967303DEST_PATH_IMAGE088
(ii) a Length of Fourier transformKWith reference to fig. 1, the ultra-precise time-of-flight measurement method provided by the first embodiment of the present invention includes steps S1 to S4:
and S1, generating the reference signal synthesized by 3 central frequencies according to the requirement of the ultra-precise measurement rule, and transmitting.
Wherein, according to the rule meeting the precision requirement, 3 reference signals for transmitting are generated.
The rule meeting the precision requirement specifiesNSet of 3 reference signal center frequencies, the reference signal center frequencies satisfying equation (7):
Figure 451374DEST_PATH_IMAGE089
（7）
in the formula (7), the reaction mixture is,
Figure 717270DEST_PATH_IMAGE090
are all integers.
The specific synthesized reference signals are:
Figure 919581DEST_PATH_IMAGE091
Figure 296336DEST_PATH_IMAGE092
expressed as natural constantseA base exponential function;
Figure 670467DEST_PATH_IMAGE093
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 841685DEST_PATH_IMAGE094
；jrepresenting a complex symbol;trepresenting time.
And S2, receiving the reference signals synthesized by the 3 center frequencies in parallel, and resolving the phase of each reference signal.
Wherein, step S2 specifically includes:
firstly, performing analog-to-digital conversion on a received reference signal; then, carrying out Fourier transform on the reference signal after the analog-to-digital conversion; then, determining a frequency domain index after Fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal; and finally, reading Fourier transform complex values corresponding to the frequency domain indexes, substituting the complex values into an arc tangent algorithm, and solving the phase of each reference signal.
In the frequency domain indexing step of determining the center frequency of each reference signal after fourier transform, first, for each reference signal center frequency, the center frequency is determined fromkStarting with =0, each step is 1, and searching respectively for positive infinity and negative infinity until findingTo the first integer satisfying formula (8)kTo this end, we obtain:
Figure 531292DEST_PATH_IMAGE095
（8）
then, frequency domain indexes of center frequencies of the three reference signals after Fourier transform are calculated：
Figure 842505DEST_PATH_IMAGE097
S3, converting the phases of the 3 reference signals into the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end.
Specifically, the following formula is adopted to convert the phase of each reference signal into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end:
Figure 574838DEST_PATH_IMAGE098
Figure 627107DEST_PATH_IMAGE099
is shown asnThe transit time of each reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
Figure 204719DEST_PATH_IMAGE100
is shown asnThe phase of each reference signal;
Figure 658834DEST_PATH_IMAGE101
is shown asnA center frequency of the reference signal;
Figure 63533DEST_PATH_IMAGE102
is the firstnA carrier ambiguity number for each reference signal;
Figure 603099DEST_PATH_IMAGE103
show taking down the wholeAnd (6) operation.
S4, a transit time deblurring module that converts the measured 3 reference signal transit times into unique high precision transit times.
Wherein all possible search equations (10) are searched by traversing
Figure 922085DEST_PATH_IMAGE104
Find a combination satisfying the formula (9)
Figure 355340DEST_PATH_IMAGE105
A combination of (1); then, will satisfy the formula (7)
Figure 304841DEST_PATH_IMAGE106
Is substituted into the formula (9) and calculated to obtain
Figure 190758DEST_PATH_IMAGE107
(ii) a Finally, calculate
Figure 251118DEST_PATH_IMAGE108
And obtaining the unique high-precision transit time.
Figure 538880DEST_PATH_IMAGE109
（9）
Figure 659282DEST_PATH_IMAGE110
（10）
Figure 796609DEST_PATH_IMAGE111
Indicating a preset maximum time measurement error,
Figure 660660DEST_PATH_IMAGE112
it means that the absolute value is calculated,
Figure 475032DEST_PATH_IMAGE113
indicating a take-down integer operation.
According to the ultra-precise transit time measuring method provided by the embodiment, the reference signals synthesized by a plurality of central frequencies are simultaneously generated according to a specific rule by utilizing the instantaneous ultra-wide band processing capacity of the instantaneous ultra-wide band radio frequency technology, so that the ultra-precise transit time measuring capacity is formed, the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end can be measured at ultra-high precision and low cost, and the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the position and the deformation of a carrier attached to the transmitting and receiving end can be further calculated based on the time information, so that the ultra-precise transit time measuring method can be widely applied to ultra-high precision detection and monitoring of the operation time, the position, the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the deformation and the like of buildings, traffic, environments, infrastructures and the like. The time measurement precision of the invention can reach picosecond magnitude, the corresponding displacement measurement precision can reach submillimeter magnitude, and the invention has wide military and civil application prospect.
Based on the same inventive concept, a second embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-precise transit time measuring system, including:
the measurement reference signal generation module is used for simultaneously generating a reference signal synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies according to the requirement of a measurement rule;
the transition phase measurement module is used for receiving the reference signals synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies in parallel and resolving the phase of each reference signal;
the time-of-flight measuring module is used for converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the time of flight of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
and the transition time de-ambiguity module is used for converting the measured transition times of the plurality of reference signals into unique high-precision transition times.
In this embodiment, in the measurement rule, the center frequency of the reference signal satisfies the following formula:
Figure 156549DEST_PATH_IMAGE114
Figure 892424DEST_PATH_IMAGE115
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Nrepresenting the number of reference signals;
Figure 684800DEST_PATH_IMAGE116
expressing the operation of solving the least common multiple;
Figure 556941DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 143780DEST_PATH_IMAGE117
；
Figure 366951DEST_PATH_IMAGE118
is shown as
Figure 369542DEST_PATH_IMAGE119
The center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 987867DEST_PATH_IMAGE120
；
Figure 620974DEST_PATH_IMAGE121
the representation takes any element of the set,
Figure 190496DEST_PATH_IMAGE122
and
Figure 200040DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
represents the center frequency of an arbitrary reference signal;
Figure 109090DEST_PATH_IMAGE123
representing a non-ambiguous time measurement range;
Figure 37732DEST_PATH_IMAGE124
represents the sampling rate;
Figure 235495DEST_PATH_IMAGE125
and
Figure 642205DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
representing an integer.
In this embodiment, the synthesized reference signal is:
Figure 405762DEST_PATH_IMAGE126
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 380671DEST_PATH_IMAGE127
expressed as natural constantseA base exponential function;
Figure 706478DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 57825DEST_PATH_IMAGE128
；jrepresenting a complex symbol;
Figure 3784DEST_PATH_IMAGE129
is shown asnRandom data modulated on the reference signals;trepresenting time.
In this embodiment, the transit phase measurement module is specifically configured to:
performing analog-to-digital conversion on the received reference signal;
carrying out Fourier transform on the reference signal subjected to the analog-to-digital conversion;
determining a frequency domain index after Fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal;
and reading Fourier transform complex values corresponding to the frequency domain indexes, substituting the complex values into an arc tangent algorithm, and solving the phase of each reference signal.
In this embodiment, the transit phase measurement module is specifically configured to:
first, for each reference signal center frequency, fromkStarting with =0, each step is 1, and searching respectively for positive infinity and negative infinity until the first integer satisfying the following formula is foundkSo far:
Figure 149594DEST_PATH_IMAGE130
then, the frequency domain index of the center frequency of each reference signal after Fourier transform is calculated by the following formula
Figure 853108DEST_PATH_IMAGE131
：
Figure 867201DEST_PATH_IMAGE132
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Kwhich represents the length of the fourier transform,
Figure 808612DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
indicating a take-down integer operation.
In this embodiment, the transit time measuring module is specifically configured to convert the phase of each reference signal into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end by using the following formula:
Figure 249957DEST_PATH_IMAGE133
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 378450DEST_PATH_IMAGE134
is shown asnThe transit time of each reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
Figure 697699DEST_PATH_IMAGE135
is shown asnThe phase of each reference signal;
Figure 290354DEST_PATH_IMAGE136
is shown asnA center frequency of the reference signal;
Figure 777967DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
is the firstnA carrier ambiguity number for each reference signal;
Figure 783969DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
indicating a take-down integer operation.
In this embodiment, the transit time deblurring module is specifically configured to:
traverse all possible in the following equation
Figure 15230DEST_PATH_IMAGE137
A combination of (1);
Figure 462392DEST_PATH_IMAGE138
find a composition satisfying the following formula
Figure 511120DEST_PATH_IMAGE139
A combination of (1);
Figure 879784DEST_PATH_IMAGE140
then, the formula (1) will be satisfied, that is
Figure 39370DEST_PATH_IMAGE141
Is/are as follows
Figure 278722DEST_PATH_IMAGE142
The combination of (A) is substituted into the above formula and calculated to obtain
Figure 996885DEST_PATH_IMAGE143
；
Finally, calculate
Figure 852846DEST_PATH_IMAGE079
Obtaining unique high-precision transit time;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 222647DEST_PATH_IMAGE144
indicating a preset maximum time measurement error,
Figure 972298DEST_PATH_IMAGE145
it means that the absolute value is calculated,
Figure 972615DEST_PATH_IMAGE146
indicating a take-down integer operation.
According to the ultra-precise transit time measuring system provided by the embodiment, the instantaneous ultra-wide band processing capacity of the instantaneous ultra-wide band radio frequency technology is utilized, the reference signals synthesized by a plurality of central frequencies are simultaneously generated according to a specific rule, the instantaneous ultra-wide band reference signals are synthesized, the ultra-precise transit time measuring capacity is formed, the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end can be measured at ultra-high precision and low cost, the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the position and the deformation of a carrier attached to the transmitting and receiving end can be further calculated based on the time information, and the ultra-precise transit time measuring system can be widely applied to ultra-precise detection and monitoring of the operation time, the position, the movement speed, the acceleration, the displacement, the deformation and the like of buildings, traffic, environments. The time measurement precision of the invention can reach picosecond magnitude, the corresponding displacement measurement precision can reach submillimeter magnitude, and the invention has wide military and civil application prospect.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
While embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. An ultra-precise transit time measurement method, comprising:
simultaneously generating a reference signal synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies according to the requirement of a measurement rule;
receiving reference signals synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies in parallel, and resolving the phase of each reference signal;
converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the transit time of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
converting the measured transit times of the plurality of reference signals into unique high-precision transit times;
in the measurement rule, the center frequency of the reference signal satisfies the following formula:
Figure 670392DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
Figure 596760DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Nrepresenting the number of reference signals;
Figure 676711DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
expressing the operation of solving the least common multiple;
Figure 295912DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 94103DEST_PATH_IMAGE005
；
Figure 761845DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
is shown as
Figure 463347DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 253449DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
；
Figure 538936DEST_PATH_IMAGE009
the representation takes any element of the set,
Figure 807107DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
and
Figure 127230DEST_PATH_IMAGE011
represents the center frequency of an arbitrary reference signal;
Figure 822653DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
representing a non-ambiguous time measurement range;
Figure 798699DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
represents the sampling rate;
Figure 870561DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
and
Figure 45190DEST_PATH_IMAGE015
represents an integer;
the step of receiving in parallel the reference signals synthesized by the plurality of center frequencies and resolving the phase of each reference signal specifically comprises:
performing analog-to-digital conversion on the received reference signal;
carrying out Fourier transform on the reference signal subjected to the analog-to-digital conversion;
determining a frequency domain index after Fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal;
and reading Fourier transform complex values corresponding to the frequency domain indexes, substituting the complex values into an arc tangent algorithm, and solving the phase of each reference signal.
2. The ultra-precise time-of-flight measurement method of claim 1, wherein the synthesized reference signal is:
Figure 681489DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 675989DEST_PATH_IMAGE017
expressed as natural constantseA base exponential function;
Figure 551542DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 783940DEST_PATH_IMAGE019
；jrepresenting a complex symbol;
Figure 821166DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
is shown asnRandom data modulated on the reference signals;trepresenting time.
3. The ultra-precise time-of-flight measurement method according to claim 2, wherein the step of determining the frequency domain index after fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal specifically includes:
first, for each reference signal center frequency, fromkStarting with =0, each step is 1, and searching respectively for positive infinity and negative infinity until the first integer satisfying the following formula is foundkSo far:
Figure 568542DEST_PATH_IMAGE021
then, the frequency domain index of the center frequency of each reference signal after Fourier transform is calculated by the following formula
Figure 982206DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
：
Figure 131427DEST_PATH_IMAGE023
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Kwhich represents the length of the fourier transform,
Figure 339555DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
indicating a take-down integer operation.
4. The ultra-precise transit time measurement method of claim 3, wherein in the step of converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end, the phase of each reference signal is converted into the transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end using the following equation:
Figure 810113DEST_PATH_IMAGE025
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 27467DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
is shown asnThe transit time of each reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
Figure 968879DEST_PATH_IMAGE027
is shown asnThe phase of each reference signal;
Figure 879066DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
is shown asnA center frequency of the reference signal;
Figure 335455DEST_PATH_IMAGE029
is the firstnA carrier ambiguity number for each reference signal;
Figure 90921DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
indicating a take-down integer operation.
5. The ultra-precise time-of-flight measurement method of claim 4, wherein a plurality of measured transit times are measuredIn the step of converting the transit time of the reference signal into a unique high-precision transit time, all possible transit times in the following equation are traversed
Figure 152418DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
A combination of (1);
Figure 967928DEST_PATH_IMAGE031
find a composition satisfying the following formula
Figure 646034DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
A combination of (1);
Figure 205191DEST_PATH_IMAGE033
then, the formula will be satisfied
Figure 416467DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Is/are as follows
Figure 402878DEST_PATH_IMAGE035
The combination of (A) is substituted into the above formula and calculated to obtain
Figure 833859DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
；
Finally, calculate
Figure 931128DEST_PATH_IMAGE037
Obtaining unique high-precision transit time;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 498376DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
indicating a preset maximum time measurement error,
Figure 452425DEST_PATH_IMAGE039
it means that the absolute value is calculated,
Figure 308386DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
indicating a take-down integer operation.
6. An ultra-precise transit time measurement system, comprising:
the measurement reference signal generation module is used for simultaneously generating a reference signal synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies according to the requirement of a measurement rule;
the transition phase measurement module is used for receiving the reference signals synthesized by a plurality of center frequencies in parallel and resolving the phase of each reference signal;
the time-of-flight measuring module is used for converting the phases of the plurality of reference signals into the time of flight of the reference signals from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
the transition time de-ambiguity module is used for converting the measured transition times of the plurality of reference signals into unique high-precision transition times;
in the measurement rule, the center frequency of the reference signal satisfies the following formula:
Figure 209346DEST_PATH_IMAGE041
Figure 398144DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
wherein the content of the first and second substances,Nrepresenting the number of reference signals;
Figure 726357DEST_PATH_IMAGE043
expressing the operation of solving the least common multiple;
Figure 131930DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 571002DEST_PATH_IMAGE045
；
Figure 112842DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
is shown as
Figure 611956DEST_PATH_IMAGE007
The center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 442509DEST_PATH_IMAGE047
；
Figure 685272DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
the representation takes any element of the set,
Figure 612776DEST_PATH_IMAGE049
and
Figure 509889DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
represents the center frequency of an arbitrary reference signal;
Figure 155634DEST_PATH_IMAGE051
representing a non-ambiguous time measurement range;
Figure 202087DEST_PATH_IMAGE013
represents the sampling rate;
Figure 921781DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
and
Figure 762698DEST_PATH_IMAGE053
represents an integer;
the transit phase measurement module is specifically configured to:
performing analog-to-digital conversion on the received reference signal;
carrying out Fourier transform on the reference signal subjected to the analog-to-digital conversion;
determining a frequency domain index after Fourier transform corresponding to the center frequency of each reference signal;
and reading Fourier transform complex values corresponding to the frequency domain indexes, substituting the complex values into an arc tangent algorithm, and solving the phase of each reference signal.
7. The ultra-precise transit time measurement system of claim 6, wherein the synthesized reference signal is:
Figure 99002DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 480304DEST_PATH_IMAGE055
expressed as natural constantseA base exponential function;
Figure 352708DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
is shown asnThe center frequency of each of the reference signals,
Figure 364526DEST_PATH_IMAGE057
；jrepresenting a complex symbol;
Figure 656967DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
is shown asnRandom data modulated on the reference signals;trepresenting time.
8. The ultra-precise transit time measurement system of claim 7, wherein the transit phase measurement module is specifically configured to:
firstly, starting from k =0, stepping to 1 each time, and searching respectively to positive infinity and negative infinity until finding a first integer k satisfying the following formula:
Figure 779644DEST_PATH_IMAGE059
then, the frequency domain index of the center frequency of each reference signal after Fourier transform is calculated by the following formula
Figure 270668DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
：
Figure 453388DEST_PATH_IMAGE061
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,Kwhich represents the length of the fourier transform,
Figure 561021DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
indicating a take-down integer operation.
9. The ultra-precise transit time measurement system of claim 8, wherein the transit time measurement module is specifically configured to convert the phase of each reference signal into a transit time of the reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end using the following equation:
Figure 487389DEST_PATH_IMAGE063
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 597034DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
is shown asnThe transit time of each reference signal from the transmitting end to the receiving end;
Figure 950655DEST_PATH_IMAGE065
is shown asnThe phase of each reference signal;
Figure 545584DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
is shown asnA center frequency of the reference signal;
Figure 478905DEST_PATH_IMAGE067
is the firstnA carrier ambiguity number for each reference signal;
Figure 678942DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
show taking down the wholeAnd (6) operation.
10. The ultra-precise transit time measurement system of claim 9, wherein the transit time deblurring module is specifically configured to:
traverse all possible in the following equation
Figure 203465DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
A combination of (1);
Figure 488952DEST_PATH_IMAGE069
find a composition satisfying the following formula
Figure 524167DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
A combination of (1);
Figure 578710DEST_PATH_IMAGE071
then, the formula will be satisfied
Figure 805292DEST_PATH_IMAGE072
Is/are as follows
Figure 578076DEST_PATH_IMAGE073
The combination of (A) is substituted into the above formula and calculated to obtain
Figure 649938DEST_PATH_IMAGE074
；
Finally, calculate
Figure 824567DEST_PATH_IMAGE075
Obtaining unique high-precision transit time;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure 956471DEST_PATH_IMAGE076
indicating a preset maximum time measurement error,
Figure 154234DEST_PATH_IMAGE077
it means that the absolute value is calculated,
Figure 534181DEST_PATH_IMAGE078
indicating a take-down integer operation.
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