CN111810355A - Blade torsion vibration damping device and method for horizontal-axis wind generating set - Google Patents
Blade torsion vibration damping device and method for horizontal-axis wind generating set Download PDFInfo
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- CN111810355A CN111810355A CN202010779882.1A CN202010779882A CN111810355A CN 111810355 A CN111810355 A CN 111810355A CN 202010779882 A CN202010779882 A CN 202010779882A CN 111810355 A CN111810355 A CN 111810355A
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D1/06—Rotors
- F03D1/065—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
- F03D1/0675—Rotors characterised by their construction elements of the blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/0296—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor to prevent, counteract or reduce noise emissions
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
- F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
- F16F15/06—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means with metal springs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
Abstract
The invention provides a blade torsion vibration damping device and method for a horizontal axis wind generating set, which comprises a plurality of torsion vibration mechanisms and torsion springs, wherein the torsion vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged between a windward main beam and a leeward main beam and positioned in sections at different spreading positions; the torsional vibration mechanism comprises a bearing and a bearing support, wherein the bearing is arranged on the bearing support; the bearing support is fixed on the windward main beam and the leeward main beam; the bearings of two adjacent torsional vibration mechanisms are connected through a torsional spring. The research and development of the device do not need to intervene in the whole machine design link, can be independently realized by combining the blade design, and does not influence the safety of the blade.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to vibration reduction of a blade of a wind generating set, in particular to a device and a method for damping torsion of the blade of a horizontal-axis wind generating set.
Background
With the development trend of the large-scale and light-weight single unit capacity of the horizontal axis wind generating set, the development of the unit design and manufacture technology is remarkable, the length of blades is increased, the power of the unit is increased, the weight of parts is reduced, the safety margin of key parts is reduced, and the structure gradually shows the nonlinear characteristic. The blade, as an important tool for capturing wind energy, is generally increased in flexibility, not only limited to increased deflection in the flapping and edgewise directions, but also becomes non-negligible in deformation in the torsional direction.
The dynamic response of the blade in a flow field belongs to the typical fluid-solid coupling problem, the mutual influence between the borne wind load and the self deformation is intensified due to the increased flexibility, and the possibility of exciting torsional vibration easily exists, namely the deflection in the flapping and shimmy directions is increased due to the increased length of the blade, so that the resultant force of the aerodynamic load of the airfoil section is easily deviated from the rotation axis of the blade to form torsional moment; and the structure optimization method determines that the torsional rigidity is not obviously improved, so that the torsional deformation is increased and the torsional natural frequency is reduced. The phenomenon of aeroelasticity instability is more likely to occur in the operation process of the slender flexible blade.
Flutter belongs to the problem of aeroelastic dynamic instability, namely in a short time (generally tens of seconds to tens of seconds), the amplitude of the blade is accumulated and increased, and the condition that stress exceeds the allowable limit of materials is caused, so that the blade is cracked, accelerated to expand and even breaks. When fluttering occurs, except buzzing and whistling, no other aura exists, and the fluttering belongs to sudden accidents and has great influence on the safety of the unit. According to the aerodynamic reasons of flutter, it can be divided into two categories: the first type, called stall flutter, is the aeroelastic instability phenomenon that occurs when the blade lift system is near the stall angle of attack, associated with flow separation and field vortex formation. When the attack angle of incoming flow is large enough, the boundary layer of the flow field near the airfoil profile can be separated and developed, the lifting force of the section is reduced (namely, the stall phenomenon), the dynamic load for pushing the wind wheel to rotate is reduced, the corresponding differential equation shows a positive damping condition, the large vibration energy accumulation in the shimmy direction is caused, and other vibration forms can be attached. The second type is coupled self-excited unstable vibration generated by blade torsion and flapwise directions, which has no obvious relation with air flow separation and boundary layer effect and is called classic flutter. The deformation in the twisting and waving directions affects each other, so that regular periodic change is formed between wind load borne by the structure and elastic displacement, a specific phase relation is satisfied, a positive damping condition is presented corresponding to a differential equation, large-amplitude vibration energy accumulation in the twisting and waving directions is triggered, and other vibration forms can exist in the auxiliary way. At present, the examples of fan failure and damage in the operation process caused by vibration are common. In 9 months in 2003, most of wind turbine blades are damaged due to torsional flutter caused by attack of typhoon rhododendron, and economic loss is serious. Therefore, the aeroelastic stability of the blade is improved, the flutter phenomenon is avoided, and the method has very important significance for economy and safety.
Flutter analysis generally relates to analysis of complex structural features of the elastic blades, characterization of unsteady flow fields around the blades and mutual coupling mechanisms between the elastic blades and the unsteady flow fields, and therefore, prediction of flutter boundaries of the blades and research of flutter characteristics are very difficult works.
In practical engineering, in order to prevent and solve the problem of blade aeroelastic instability, the following methods can be selected generally:
1) in the design process, the aeroelasticity instability critical point is judged, and the mass distribution and the rigidity distribution of the blade or the operation state of a control unit are adjusted to maintain enough safety margin and ensure the aeroelasticity stability of the blade. This type of approach is generally applicable to the aeroelastic static instability problem. For the time domain simulation of the aeroelastic dynamic instability problem, due to the sensitivity of the physical problem, the aspects of a calculation method, simplified modeling, boundary definition, solving precision, convergence and the like need to be studied.
2) In the operation process, the blade is found to vibrate abnormally, local reinforcement is performed on a region with large amplitude, for example, a layer is added, an auxiliary web plate is added or the width of adhesive is increased, the effects of adjusting the section centroid position and enhancing the structural rigidity or damping are achieved, the load is reduced, the amplitude is reduced, the vibration attenuation is accelerated, and the aerodynamic elastic stability of the blade is ensured. Or, a jet device or a vortex generator is additionally arranged on the surface of the blade to interfere the boundary layer separation of the airfoil flow field, delay the occurrence of stall condition, weaken the influence of excitation effect, enlarge the operation attack angle interval and ensure the aeroelasticity stability of the blade. The method is developed based on tests, deduces the mechanism of generation of flutter through phenomenon observation, selects a technical improvement scheme by combining theoretical analysis, and has the advantage of strong pertinence. However, there are difficulties in searching and reproducing dangerous conditions and determining the technical improvement effect, and the method needs to be improved continuously by trial and correction depending on design and experimental experience to a great extent. For some special extreme cases, such as typhoons, the characteristics of which cannot be fully recognized and predicted, similar experimental verification methods are difficult to develop.
Whether the internal cause is started, the mass/rigidity distribution of the blade is adjusted, and the structural damping is improved; still starting from external reasons, controlling the running state of the unit and introducing flow field interference all need to have more accurate analysis or capture on the inherent characteristics of the whole machine/blade, the evolution and development of the flow field and the aeroelasticity law, the period of research and development and application is longer, and the requirements on design and test work are higher. Besides the method, the specific vibration kinetic energy of the system can be absorbed by a dynamic method, the attenuation of the corresponding vibration amplitude is accelerated, and the safety problem caused by accumulation of large-amplitude vibration is avoided or relieved. Compared with waving and shimmy vibration, the torsional vibration is more difficult to accurately analyze, and in the aeroelasticity instability problem related to the torsional vibration, the torsional vibration plays a non-negligible role.
This patent attempts to describe a vibration damping device that can play the effect of absorbing horizontal axis wind generating set blade torsional vibration kinetic energy, accelerates its vibration amplitude decay to avoid the emergence of relevant aeroelasticity unstability problem. The research and development of the device do not need to intervene in the whole machine design link, can be independently realized by combining the blade design, and does not influence the safety of the blade.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for damping blade torsion of a horizontal axis wind generating set, which solve the defect that the blade torsion vibration of the existing set is difficult to control.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention provides a blade torsion vibration damper of a horizontal axis wind generating set, which comprises a plurality of torsion vibration mechanisms and torsion springs, wherein the torsion vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged between a windward main beam and a leeward main beam and positioned in sections at different spreading positions;
the torsional vibration mechanism comprises a bearing and a bearing support, wherein the bearing is arranged on the bearing support; the bearing support is fixed on the windward main beam and the leeward main beam;
the bearings of two adjacent torsional vibration mechanisms are connected through a torsional spring.
Preferably, the bearing support and the main beam of the windward side and the main beam of the leeward side of the blade are fixedly connected by bonding.
Preferably, for a section position where the blade torsional vibration is significant, the torsion spring is connected to a fixed portion of the corresponding bearing; and the other cross section positions are provided with torsion springs connected with the rotating parts of the corresponding bearings.
Preferably, all bearing rotors and all torsion springs form a torsional vibration system of the torsional vibration damper arrangement, the torsional natural frequency of which corresponds to the frequency of the torsional vibrations of the blade.
Preferably, the bearing support is of an I-shaped structure, an X-shaped structure or an H-shaped structure.
A torsion vibration reduction method for a blade of a horizontal axis wind generating set is based on the torsion vibration reduction device for the blade of the horizontal axis wind generating set and comprises the following steps:
when the blade shows torsional vibration in the operation process, the torsional vibration is transmitted to the torsional vibration system through the blade main beam, the bearing support and the bearing fixing part in sequence, so that the bearing rotating part rotates relative to the bearing fixing part, and the dissipation of the torsional kinetic energy of the system is realized through the friction damping effect of the bearing.
Preferably, the torsional natural frequency of the torsional vibration system of the torsional vibration damper arrangement corresponds to the frequency of the torsional vibrations of the blade.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a blade torsional vibration damping device and method for a horizontal axis wind generating set, which utilize the torsional vibration characteristics of the blades of the horizontal axis wind generating set, adopt a bearing rotating part-torsional spring system to absorb the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the blades, and realize the dissipation of the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the system through the friction damping action of a bearing, thereby realizing the attenuation of the torsional vibration amplitude of the blades; the research and development of the device do not need to intervene in the whole machine design link, can be independently realized by combining the blade design, and does not influence the safety of the blade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a torsional vibration damper assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a torsional vibration mechanism according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the blade torsion damping device for a horizontal axis wind turbine generator system provided by the invention comprises a plurality of torsion vibration mechanisms and torsion springs 5, wherein the torsion vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged between a windward main beam 1 and a leeward main beam 2 and positioned in sections at different spreading positions;
as shown in fig. 2, the torsional vibration mechanism includes a bearing 4 and a bearing holder 3, wherein the bearing 4 is mounted on the bearing holder 3; the bearing support 3 is fixed on the windward main beam 1 and the leeward main beam 2;
as shown in fig. 1, the bearings 4 of two adjacent torsional vibration mechanisms are connected to each other by a torsion spring 5.
The bearing support 3 is fixedly connected with the main beam 1 on the windward side and the main beam 2 on the leeward side of the blade by bonding.
For the blade torsional vibration obvious section position, the torsional spring 5 is connected to the fixed part corresponding to the bearing 4, namely the part where the bearing 4 is connected with the bearing bracket 3, and is used for limiting the relative torsional vibration of the torsional vibration damping device; in the remaining cross-sectional positions, a torsion spring 5 is connected to the rotating part of the respective bearing 4, i.e. the part of said bearing 4 not connected to the bearing support 3, for releasing the torsional vibration of the torsional vibration damper arrangement relative to the bearing support.
All the bearings (4) and all the torsion springs (5) of the torsional vibration damper device form a torsional vibration system of the torsional vibration damper device, the torsional natural frequency of which corresponds to the frequency of the torsional vibrations of the blade.
The bearing support 3 is of an I-shaped structure, an X-shaped structure or an H-shaped structure.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
when the blade shows torsional vibration during operation, the torsional vibration is transmitted to a torsional vibration system of the torsional vibration damper device through the blade main beam, the bearing bracket and the bearing fixing part in sequence, so that the rotating part of the bearing 4 rotates relative to the fixing part of the bearing 4.
The forced vibration of the torsional vibration system is to absorb the torsional vibration kinetic energy from the blade system, and the vibration mode and amplitude of the torsional vibration are different due to the inherent characteristic difference of the two systems, so that the dissipation of the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the system is realized through the friction damping action of the bearing, and the effect of damping the torsional vibration amplitude is achieved.
The technical requirements of the torsional vibration damping device of the wind generating set blade related by the invention can influence the attenuation effect of the torsional vibration amplitude of the blade, so the invention needs to be taken as a part of the invention and is described as follows:
the blade is used as a slender variable-section beam structure, the structural damping corresponding to high-order natural frequency vibration of the blade is high, and the system kinetic energy dissipation is fast, so that the vibration response of the blade is formed by superposing low-order natural frequency vibration. The flutter phenomenon related to blade torsion, the excitation frequency of which is mainly expressed as the first-order torsional natural frequency, should be designed for the blade torsion damping device.
According to the distribution rule of the torsional vibration amplitude of the blade, the relative torsional vibration of the torsional vibration damping device is limited at the position of the section with the relatively obvious vibration amplitude, and displacement boundary conditions and torsional vibration excitation are provided for a torsional vibration system.
By selecting the moment of inertia of the rotating part of the bearing and the elastic modulus of the torsion spring, and adjusting the number of the bearings and the position of the cross section of the bearing, the torsional natural frequency of the torsional vibration system is designed to be consistent with the torsional vibration frequency of the blade, so that the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the blade can be absorbed.
Because the torsional vibration mode of the torsional vibration system is different from the first-order torsional vibration mode of the blade, the rotating part of the bearing is favorable for rotating relative to the fixed part of the bearing, and the friction damping effect of the bearing is formed.
The main beam is a main force bearing structure of the blade, has high self rigidity, is distributed along the span direction of the whole blade, forms a relatively stable structural form with the shear web, and is favorable for eliminating interference and capturing a cross section torsional deformation signal.
One or more torsional vibration damping devices can be formed inside the blade, and the dissipation of the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the same-order or multi-order system is realized at the same time, so that the effect of damping the torsional vibration amplitude is achieved.
The device and the method effectively realize the torsional vibration reduction of the blade of the horizontal axis wind generating set.
Has the advantages that:
the invention utilizes the torsional vibration characteristic of the blade of the horizontal axis wind generating set, adopts the dynamic of a bearing rotating part-torsional spring system to absorb the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the blade, and realizes the dissipation of the torsional vibration kinetic energy of the system through the friction damping action of the bearing, thereby realizing the attenuation of the torsional vibration amplitude of the blade, and having the following characteristics:
1. the device can effectively reduce the torsional vibration amplitude of the blade, does not need to modify a complete machine control strategy or independently research and develop a control system in application, does not need to intervene in a complete machine design link in research and development, does not need to carry out fluid-solid coupling calculation, is simple and easy to operate by combining the design of the blade and a test method, and saves time and cost.
2. The device adopts a method of absorbing torsional vibration kinetic energy by dynamics, and can realize the effect of adjusting the reduction effect of the torsional vibration amplitude of the blade by designing and optimizing a torsional vibration system.
3. The device accessible reduces blade torsional vibration amplitude, avoids the emergence of relevant aeroelasticity unstability problem, guarantees blade structure safety.
4. The device does not influence the safety of the blade, and can be helpful to improve the buckling stability of the main beam and the shear web of the blade.
Claims (7)
1. A blade torsion vibration damper of a horizontal axis wind generating set is characterized by comprising a plurality of torsion vibration mechanisms and torsion springs (5), wherein the torsion vibration mechanisms are respectively arranged between a windward main beam (1) and a leeward main beam (2) and positioned in sections at different spreading positions;
the torsional vibration mechanism comprises a bearing (4) and a bearing support (3), wherein the bearing (4) is arranged on the bearing support (3); the bearing support (3) is fixed on the windward main beam (1) and the leeward main beam (2);
the bearings (4) of two adjacent torsional vibration mechanisms are connected through a torsional spring (5).
2. The device for damping the blade torsion of the horizontal-axis wind generating set according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing support (3) is fixed with the main beam (1) on the windward side and the main beam (2) on the leeward side of the blade by bonding.
3. A horizontal axis wind turbine blade torsional vibration damper arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that for cross-sectional positions where blade torsional vibration is significant, torsion springs (5) are attached to the fixed portion of the corresponding bearing (4); the other cross section positions are connected with a torsion spring (5) corresponding to the rotating part of the bearing (4).
4. A horizontal axis wind turbine blade torsional vibration damper arrangement according to claim 1, wherein all the rotating parts of the bearing (4) and all the torsion springs (5) constitute the torsional vibration system of the torsional vibration damper arrangement, the torsional natural frequency of which corresponds to the frequency of the torsional vibration of the blade.
5. The device for torsional vibration damping of a blade of a horizontal-axis wind turbine generator system according to claim 1, wherein the bearing support (3) is of an i-shaped, X-shaped or H-shaped configuration.
6. A torsion damping method for a blade of a horizontal axis wind generating set is characterized in that the torsion damping device for the blade of the horizontal axis wind generating set based on any one of claims 1 to 5 comprises the following steps:
when the blade shows torsional vibration in the operation process, the torsional vibration is transmitted to the torsional vibration system through the blade main beam, the bearing support and the bearing fixing part in sequence, so that the bearing rotating part rotates relative to the bearing fixing part, and the dissipation of the torsional kinetic energy of the system is realized through the friction damping effect of the bearing.
7. A method according to claim 6, wherein the torsional natural frequency of the torsional vibration system of the torsional vibration damper is matched to the torsional vibration frequency of the blade.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010779882.1A CN111810355A (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Blade torsion vibration damping device and method for horizontal-axis wind generating set |
| PCT/CN2020/122262 WO2022027827A1 (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-10-20 | Blade torsion vibration damping apparatus and method for horizontal-axis wind power generator set |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010779882.1A CN111810355A (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Blade torsion vibration damping device and method for horizontal-axis wind generating set |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111810355A true CN111810355A (en) | 2020-10-23 |
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| CN202010779882.1A Pending CN111810355A (en) | 2020-08-05 | 2020-08-05 | Blade torsion vibration damping device and method for horizontal-axis wind generating set |
Country Status (2)
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| CN (1) | CN111810355A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2022027827A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113090445A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Resistance adding device and method for blade structure of horizontal-axis wind generating set |
| CN113847212A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2021-12-28 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Method for monitoring natural frequency of blades of wind turbine generator |
| CN114687922A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-07-01 | 江苏金风科技有限公司 | Blade design method, blade, and blade manufacturing method |
| WO2024000855A1 (en) * | 2022-06-30 | 2024-01-04 | 金风科技股份有限公司 | Gyroscope assembly, turbine blade, impeller and wind power generator set |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024028232A1 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-08 | Lm Wind Power A/S | Wind turbine blade, wind turbine and method for operating a wind turbine |
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