CN111807632B - Method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash - Google Patents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
- C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
- C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
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- C02F2101/38—Organic compounds containing nitrogen
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/08—Chemical Oxygen Demand [COD]; Biological Oxygen Demand [BOD]
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/10—Solids, e.g. total solids [TS], total suspended solids [TSS] or volatile solids [VS]
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of dye wastewater treatment methods, and particularly discloses a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash. The invention treats the dye wastewater by combining the modification of the fly ash with the white rot fungi, greatly reduces various pollutants and harmful substances in the dye wastewater, and realizes the high-efficiency treatment of the dye wastewater.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of dye wastewater treatment methods, in particular to a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash.
Background
The development of the social economy drives the development of the chemical industry, and industrial wastewater is inevitably generated in the development process of the chemical industry, wherein the dye wastewater is one of the wastewater which has great harm in the chemical industry; china is a large dye country, the dye yield accounts for about 60% of the world, people can not live in the dye industry, in order to meet the color requirements and the dyeing quality requirements of people, more and more dyes are developed in the directions of photolysis resistance, oxidation resistance and biodegradation resistance, so that the dye wastewater is increasingly difficult to treat, and the wastewater generated in the dye industry poses serious threats to main water sources.
The dye wastewater has the following characteristics: (1) The organic matters in the dye wastewater are mostly aromatic groups such as benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, quinone and the like as parent bodies, and have chromogenic groups, the chroma reaches 500-500000, and the pollution is very strong; (2) Because of the requirements of production process and molecular structure, the dye substance and intermediate molecule often contain polar groups, thus increasing the water solubility of the dye substance, the dye wastewater usually contains many raw materials and byproducts, such as halide, nitro compound, amino compound, aniline, phenols and other series organic matters and sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium sulfide and other inorganic salts, the concentration is high, the toxicity is high, and the COD of the dye wastewater can reach 1000-73000mg/L; and (3) the salt content in the dye wastewater is high.
The dye wastewater destroys the self-purification function of the water body after polluting the water body, the toxicity of dye components is high, the risk of carcinogenesis is caused, and biologically undegradable heavy metal salts such as chromium, lead, mercury, arsenic and the like exist in the dye wastewater, and are transmitted through food chains to be accumulated in the human body, thereby causing serious harm to the human body.
Fly ash is a granular solid waste discharged by coal-fired power plants, a large amount of other parties 2 occupy a large amount of land and bring serious environmental pollution, at present, some researches on treating dye wastewater by using fly ash are carried out, but only the fly ash is used for directly treating the dye wastewater, and the dye wastewater is only used for adsorbing organic matters in the wastewater, so that the treatment is not comprehensive, and the efficiency is low. Therefore, the invention provides a method for treating dye wastewater by using fly ash.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for treating dye wastewater by using fly ash, which greatly submits the treatment efficiency of the dye wastewater by modifying the fly ash and using the modified fly ash and white rot fungus mycelium dry powder to treat the dye wastewater in sequence, and specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying fly ash: mixing fly ash with straw biochar, sludge activated carbon and calcium oxide, roasting for 2-6h at 500-750 ℃ to obtain a fly ash mixture, and soaking the fly ash mixture for 20-40min by using an acid modifier to obtain modified fly ash;
the mixing mass ratio of the fly ash, the straw biochar, the sludge activated carbon and the calcium oxide is 3;
the dosage ratio of the fly ash mixture to the acid modifier is 1g to 3ml;
the mass fraction of the acid modifier is 30-50%;
s2, preparing white rot fungus mycelium dry powder: activating white rot fungi, fermenting and culturing, collecting mycelium, washing, drying, and pulverizing to obtain white rot fungi mycelium dry powder;
s3, adding the modified fly ash obtained in the S1 into dye wastewater while stirring, treating at 22-28 ℃ for 12-24h, then adding the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder obtained in the S2, and continuously stirring for treating for 12-24h;
the using amount ratio of the modified fly ash to the dye wastewater is 3-5g;
the dosage ratio of the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder to the dye wastewater is 0.1-0.3g.
Preferably, the straw biochar is a mixture of any two of corn straw biochar, wheat straw biochar and rice straw biochar according to a mass ratio of 1.
Preferably, the preparation process of the sludge activated carbon comprises the following steps: adding 4-5mol/L zinc chloride solution into sludge of an urban sewage plant, stirring for 2.5-3.5h, and then roasting at 500-600 ℃ for 1-3h to obtain sludge activated carbon;
the dosage ratio of the sludge of the urban sewage plant to the zinc chloride solution is 1g.
Preferably, the acid modifier is at least one of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
Preferably, the formula of the white rot fungus fermentation medium is as follows: 15g of glucose, 15g of sucrose, 5g of maltose, 3g of yeast powder 2 PO 4 15g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 0 5g, vitamin B14mg, 1L of distilled water, and natural pH.
Preferably, the fermentation culture temperature of the white rot fungi is 22-28 ℃.
Preferably, the grain size of the white rot fungi mycelium dry powder is 20-80 meshes.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can treat COD in the dye wastewater cr The average removal rate is as high as 99.05 percent, and the specific surface area of the wastewater is BOD 5 The average removal rate is up to 88.25 percent, the chroma is reduced by 94.28 percent, the degradation rate of the aniline substances is up to 99.73 percent, the removal rate of Suspended Substances (SS) is up to 90.35 percent, the conversion rate of total mercury is up to 99.85 percent, and the conversion rate of total cadmium is up to 99.58 percent.
2. According to the invention, the fly ash is modified, so that the removal rate of various substances in the dye wastewater is greatly improved.
3. The modified fly ash is added with the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder after the dye wastewater is treated for a certain time, so that the chroma and organic matters of the dye wastewater are reduced, the residual straw biochar component in the modified fly ash can be degraded, and the secondary pollution generated in the dye wastewater treatment process is reduced.
4. The effect of treating the dye wastewater by combining the modified fly ash and the white rot fungi is far higher than the effect of using the unmodified fly ash alone, and the treatment of the dye wastewater is comprehensive and efficient.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the invention is provided, but it should be understood that the scope of the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention. The experimental methods described in the examples of the present invention are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Example 1:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying fly ash: taking 30g of fly ash, 10g of corn straw biochar, 10g of wheat straw biochar, 20g of sludge activated carbon and 35g of calcium oxide, mixing, roasting at 600 ℃ for 4 hours to obtain a fly ash mixture, adding 210ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 40%, soaking the fly ash mixture in wet hydrochloric acid, and stirring for 30min to obtain modified fly ash;
the preparation process of the sludge activated carbon comprises the following steps: adding 4mol/L zinc chloride solution into sludge of an urban sewage plant, stirring for 3h, and then roasting at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain sludge activated carbon;
the dosage ratio of the sludge of the urban sewage plant to the zinc chloride solution is 1g to 3ml;
s2, preparing white rot fungus mycelium dry powder: activating a white rot fungus strain, inoculating the strain into a white rot fungus culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 12 hours at 24 ℃, then collecting mycelia, centrifuging, washing with sterile water, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain white rot fungus mycelia dry powder;
the formula of the white rot fungus culture medium is as follows: 15g of glucose, 15g of sucrose, 5g of maltose, 3g of yeast powder 2 PO 4 15g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 0 5g, vitamin B14mg, 1L of distilled water and natural pH;
s3, adding the modified fly ash obtained in the S1 into 2.6L of dye wastewater while stirring, treating at 24 ℃ for 18h, adding 5.2g of white rot fungus mycelium dry powder obtained in the S2, and continuously stirring for 18h;
the dye wastewater is A.
Example 2:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying fly ash: taking 30g of fly ash, 10g of corn straw biochar, 10g of wheat straw biochar, 20g of sludge activated carbon and 30g of calcium oxide, mixing, roasting at 500 ℃ for 2h to obtain a fly ash mixture, adding 100ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 30%, soaking the fly ash mixture in wet hydrochloric acid, and stirring for 20min to obtain modified fly ash;
the preparation process of the sludge activated carbon comprises the following steps: adding 5mol/L zinc chloride solution into sludge of an urban sewage plant, stirring for 2.5h, and then roasting at 550 ℃ for 1h to obtain sludge activated carbon;
the dosage ratio of the sludge of the urban sewage plant to the zinc chloride solution is 1g;
s2, preparing white rot fungus mycelium dry powder: activating a white rot fungus strain, inoculating the strain into a white rot fungus culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 10h at 22 ℃, then collecting mycelia, centrifuging, washing with sterile water, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 20-mesh sieve to obtain white rot fungus mycelia dry powder;
the formula of the white rot fungus culture medium is as follows: 15g of glucose, 15g of cane sugar, 5g of maltose, 3g of yeast powder 2 PO 4 15g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 0 5g, vitamin B14mg, 1L of distilled water and natural pH;
s3, adding the modified fly ash obtained in the S1 into 3.3L of dye wastewater while stirring, treating for 12h at 22 ℃, then adding 3.3g of white rot fungus mycelium dry powder obtained in the S2, and continuously stirring for treating for 12h;
the dye wastewater is A.
Example 3:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash comprises the following steps:
s1, modifying fly ash: taking 30g of fly ash, 10g of corn straw biochar, 10g of wheat straw biochar, 20g of sludge activated carbon and 40g of calcium oxide, mixing, roasting at 750 ℃ for 6 hours to obtain a fly ash mixture, adding 330ml of hydrochloric acid with the mass fraction of 50%, soaking the fly ash mixture in wet hydrochloric acid, and stirring for 40min to obtain modified fly ash;
the preparation process of the sludge activated carbon comprises the following steps: adding 5mol/L zinc chloride solution into sludge of an urban sewage plant, stirring for 3.5h, and then roasting for 3h at 600 ℃ to obtain sludge activated carbon;
the dosage ratio of the sludge of the urban sewage plant to the zinc chloride solution is 1g;
s2, preparing white rot fungus mycelium dry powder: activating a white rot fungus strain, inoculating the strain into a white rot fungus culture medium, fermenting and culturing for 15h at 28 ℃, then collecting mycelia, centrifuging, washing with sterile water, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain white rot fungus mycelia dry powder;
the formula of the white rot fungus culture medium is as follows: 15g of glucose, 15g of cane sugar, 5g of maltose, 3g of yeast powder 2 PO 4 15g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 0 5g, vitamin B14mg, 1L of distilled water and natural pH;
s3, adding the modified fly ash obtained in the S1 into 2.2L of dye wastewater while stirring, treating at 28 ℃ for 24 hours, adding 6.6g of white rot fungus mycelium dry powder obtained in the S2, and continuously stirring for 24 hours;
the dye wastewater is A.
Example 4:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 1, except that:
the dye wastewater is B.
Example 5:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 1, except that:
the dye wastewater is C.
Example 6:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 1, except that:
the dye wastewater used is D.
Example 7:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 2, except that:
the dye wastewater is B.
Example 8:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 2, except that:
the dye wastewater is C.
Example 9:
the method for treating dye wastewater by using the modified fly ash comprises the following steps of basically treating the dye wastewater in the following steps of:
the dye wastewater used is D.
Example 10:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 3, except that:
the dye wastewater is B.
Example 11:
the method for treating dye wastewater by using the modified fly ash comprises the following steps basically as in example 3, except that:
the dye wastewater is C.
Example 12:
a method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash, which comprises the following steps basically as the steps in example 3, except that:
the dye wastewater used is D.
The invention is characterized in that the dye wastewater is of various types, and the invention is represented by dye wastewater mainly containing rhodamine B dye, dye wastewater mainly containing methylene blue dye, dye wastewater mainly containing methyl orange dye and dye wastewater mainly containing tiger red dye, wherein the dye wastewater mainly containing rhodamine B dye is marked as A, the dye wastewater mainly containing methylene blue dye is marked as B, the dye wastewater mainly containing methyl orange dye is marked as C, the dye wastewater mainly containing tiger red dye is marked as D, and COD (chemical oxygen demand) of the dye wastewater is detected before treatment cr 、BOD 5 The colour, the aniline content, the suspended matter (SS), the total mercury and total cadmium content of the heavy metals, the results are reported in table 1.
The above examples 1 to 12 are specific examples of treating dye wastewater provided by the present invention, and the technical solutions of the examples 1 to 12 are used to treat dye wastewater, and the Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of the dye wastewater treated in the examples 1 to 12 is respectively detected cr ) Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) 5 ) The contents of chromaticity, anilines, suspended Solids (SS), total mercury and total cadmium, and the results are recorded in Table 2, and the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of detecting COD by a dichromate method (GB 11914-89), detecting BOD by a dilution and inoculation method (GB 7488-87), detecting chromaticity by a dilution multiple method, detecting anilines by an N- (1-naphthyl) ethylenediamine azo spectrophotometry method (GB 11889-89), detecting SS by a gravimetric method (GB 11901-89), detecting total mercury by a cold atomic absorption spectrophotometry method (GB 7468-87) and detecting total cadmium by an atomic absorption spectrophotometry method (GB 7475-87), wherein the specific detection steps are conventional laboratory steps and are not described again.
TABLE 1 index test results of dye wastewater
TABLE 2 examples 1-12 effects on treatment of dye wastewater
As can be seen from table 2, the technical solutions provided in examples 1 to 12 have an average removal rate of COD of 99.05% and an average removal rate of BOD of 88.25% in the dye wastewater, a chromaticity reduction of 94.28%, a degradation rate of amines of 99.73%, a removal rate of Suspended Substances (SS) of 90.35%, a total mercury conversion rate of 99.85%, and a total cadmium conversion rate of 99.58%, and thus the present application can achieve a good removal effect on various pollutants and harmful substances in the dye wastewater.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 the unmodified fly ash of example 1 was used directly and dosed in the same proportions into dye wastewater for treatment.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 is essentially the same as example 1, except that: the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder is not added into the dye wastewater, and the modified fly ash is directly used for treatment.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 is essentially the same as example 1 except that: the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder is directly used for treatment, and no fly ash is used.
As is clear from Table 2, the examples 1 to 12 have high removal ability for each index in the dye wastewater, as represented by example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3 by comparing the removal rates of COD, BOD, anilines, SS, total mercury and total cadmium in the dye wastewater according to the technical solutions of the present invention in example 1 and the comparative examples 1 to 3.
TABLE 3 influence of example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 on dye wastewater
As can be seen from Table 3, the scheme of example 1 has high removal rate for various pollution indexes in the dye wastewater, and compared with comparative examples 1-3,the discovery shows that the removal rate of each substance can be effectively increased by carrying out pretreatment on the dye wastewater after the fly ash is modified and combining the pretreatment on the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder, and the pretreatment can be used for COD cr 、BOD 5 The removal rate of (A) is 2-4 times that of comparative examples 1-3, the degree of reduction of chromaticity is 1.5-8 times that of comparative examples 1-3, and the removal rate of para-phenylenediamine, SS, total mercury and total cadmium is 1.4-11 times that of comparative examples 1-3.
The white rot fungi were purchased and deposited under accession number ATCC 58753.
It is also noted that the dye wastewater A, B, C and D used in the invention are collected from a sewage treatment plant in Jilin province.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.
Claims (4)
1. A method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, modifying fly ash: mixing fly ash with straw biochar, sludge activated carbon and calcium oxide, roasting for 2-6h at 500-750 ℃ to obtain a fly ash mixture, and soaking the fly ash mixture for 20-40min by using an acid modifier to obtain modified fly ash;
the mixing mass ratio of the fly ash, the straw biochar, the sludge activated carbon and the calcium oxide is 3;
the dosage ratio of the fly ash mixture to the acid modifier is 1g;
the mass fraction of the acid modifier is 30-50%;
s2, preparing white rot fungus mycelium dry powder: activating white rot fungi, fermenting and culturing, collecting mycelium, washing, drying, and pulverizing to obtain white rot fungi mycelium dry powder;
the fermentation culture temperature of the white rot fungi is 22-28 ℃, and the fermentation time is 10-15h;
the granularity of the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder is 20-80 meshes;
s3, adding the modified fly ash obtained in the S1 into dye wastewater while stirring, treating at 22-28 ℃ for 12-24h, then adding the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder obtained in the S2, and continuously stirring for 12-24h;
the using amount ratio of the modified fly ash to the dye wastewater is 3-5g;
the dosage ratio of the white rot fungus mycelium dry powder to the dye wastewater is 0.1-0.3g;
the formula of the white rot fungus culture medium is as follows: 15g of glucose, 15g of cane sugar, 5g of maltose, 3g of yeast powder 2 PO 4 15g，MgSO 4 ·7H 2 O5 g, vitamin B14mg, distilled water 1L, natural pH.
2. The method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the straw biochar is a mixture of any two of corn straw biochar, wheat straw biochar and rice straw biochar in a mass ratio of 1.
3. The method for treating dye wastewater by using modified fly ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preparation process of the sludge activated carbon comprises: adding 4-5mol/L zinc chloride solution into sludge of an urban sewage plant, stirring for 2.5-3.5h, and roasting at 500-600 ℃ for 1-3h to obtain sludge activated carbon;
the dosage ratio of the sludge of the municipal sewage plant to the zinc chloride solution is 1 g.
4. The method for treating dye wastewater with modified fly ash of claim 1, wherein the acid modifier is at least one of hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid.
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